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{{Short description|Populated place in Middlesex County, New Jersey, US}}
{{Use American English|date=April 2023}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
|name = Piscatawaytown
|name = Piscatawaytown, New Jersey
|settlement_type = [[Local government in New Jersey#Unincorporated communities|Unincorporated community]]
|settlement_type = [[Local government in New Jersey#Unincorporated communities|Unincorporated community]]
|nickname =
|nickname =
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|image_skyline = 2018-05-20 15 40 12 View north along Middlesex County Route 529 (Plainfield Avenue) just north of Middlesex County Route 514 (Woodbridge Avenue) in Edison Township, Middlesex County, New Jersey.jpg
|image_skyline = 2018-05-20 15 40 12 View north along Middlesex County Route 529 (Plainfield Avenue) just north of Middlesex County Route 514 (Woodbridge Avenue) in Edison Township, Middlesex County, New Jersey.jpg
|imagesize =
|imagesize =
|image_caption =
|image_caption = [[County Route 529 (New Jersey)|County Route 529 (Plainfield Avenue)]] in Piscatawaytown, facing north
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<!-- Maps -->
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|pushpin_map = USA New Jersey Middlesex County#USA New Jersey#USA
|pushpin_map = USA New Jersey Middlesex County#USA New Jersey#USA
|pushpin_label = Piscatawaytown
|pushpin_label_position = left
|pushpin_label_position = bottom
|pushpin_map_caption = Piscataway in Middlesex County Inset: Location of county within the state of New Jersey
|pushpin_map_caption = Location in Middlesex County
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⚫
'''Piscatawaytown''' is the oldest neighborhood in [[Edison, New Jersey|Edison]] in [[Middlesex County, New Jersey|Middlesex County]], [[New Jersey]]. It was established in the 1660s as the original village in what was then within [[Piscataway, New Jersey|Piscataway]]. Piscatawaytown is centered around St. James Church, the Piscatawaytown Burial Ground and the Piscatawaytown Common, near the intersection of Plainfield and Woodbridge Avenues.<ref name="NJDOTMidsex">{{cite web |title = NJDOT Graphic Information System Maps Middlesex |publisher = New Jersey Department of Transportation|url = https://www.state.nj.us/transportation/gis/maps/middlesex.pdf |access-date = March 2, 2020}}</ref><ref name="tapinto.net">Middlesex County Office of Culture and Heritage. [https://www.tapinto.net/towns/piscataway/sections/arts-and-entertainment/articles/history-revealed-in-piscatawaytown-and-edison-1 "History Revealed In Piscatawaytown and Edison"], TAP into Piscataway, September 9, 2015. Accessed December 22, 2019. "The remnants of the Piscataway village and town commons can still be seen in modern Edison Township. Settled in the late 1600s by New Englanders, this historic site once consisted of a town hall, militia training ground, stockade, jail, church, burial ground and houses."</ref><ref name =RevWar>{{cite web|url=https://www.revolutionarywarnewjersey.com/new_jersey_revolutionary_war_sites/towns/edison_nj_revolutionary_war_sites.htm|title=Revolutionary War Sites in Edison, New Jersey|website=revolutionarywarnewjersey.com|access-date=November 27, 2021}}</ref><ref name="Survey">{{cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/nj0595/|title=St. James Episcopal Church, Piscataway, Middlesex County, NJ|first=Historic American Buildings|last=Survey|website=www.loc.gov}}</ref>
'''Piscatawaytown''' is a is the oldest neighborhood in [[Edison Township]], [[New Jersey]] in [[Middlesex County, New Jersey]] in [[central New Jersey]]. It originally established in the 1660s as the original village in what was then within [[Piscataway, New Jersey|Piscataway Township]].


==Lenape and European contact==
==Establishment and naming==
The [[Raritan people|Raritan]] were bands of the [[Lenape]] people living around the [[Raritan River]] and its [[Raritan Bay|bay]], in what is now [[central New Jersey]] and [[Staten Island]], [[New York (state)|New York]].
The [[Raritan people|Raritan]] were bands of the [[Lenape]] people living around the [[Raritan River]] and its [[Raritan Bay|bay]], in what is now [[central New Jersey]] and [[Staten Island]], [[New York (state)|New York]].


Piscataway was settled New Englanders in the 17th century. In 1666, the first proprietary Governor of the [[Province of New Jersey]], [[Philip Carteret (colonial governor)|Philip Carteret]], granted 12 new settlers from [[Massachusetts]] a 100 square mile allotment of land that was later founded as the townships of Piscataway and [[Woodbridge Township, New Jersey|Woodbridge]].<ref>[http://slic.njstatelib.org/slic_files/imported/NJ_Information/Digital_Collections/Governors_of_New_Jersey/GCART.pdf Governors of New Jersey] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112110416/http://slic.njstatelib.org/slic_files/imported/NJ_Information/Digital_Collections/Governors_of_New_Jersey/GCART.pdf |date=November 12, 2013 }}, [[New Jersey State Library]]. Accessed August 7, 2014.</ref> Soon thereafter additional settlers from the [[Piscataqua River]], the state boundary of [[New Hampshire]] and [[Maine]] moved to region, bringing the name.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://archive.org/stream/historyofmiddles01wall/historyofmiddles01wall_djvu.txt | title=History of Middlesex County, New Jersey, 1664-1920 | year=1921 | publisher=New York, Chicago, Lewis historical publishing company }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.digifind-it.com/edison/data/albums%20and%20scrapbooks/Passport%20to%20Edison.pdf|title=A guide to Edison|year=2001|publisher=The Center for Community Renewal}}</ref><ref name = NJGazetteer>{{cite book |last = Gordon |first = Thomas Francis |title = A Gazetteer of the State of New Jersey: Comprehending a General View of Its Physical and Moral Condition, Together with a Topographical and Statistical Account of Its Counties, Towns, Villages, Canals, Rail Roads, &c., Accompanied by a Map
==Establishment and naming==
⚫
|year = 1834 |publisher = Daniel Fenton |isbn = 978-0-7222-0244-9 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=8VoVAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA92}}</ref> Other settlements included [[Quibbletown, New Jersey|Quibbletown]] and [[Raritan Landing]].
Edison was settled New Englanders in the 17th century. In 1666, additional settlers from the [[Piscataqua River]], the state boundary of [[New Hampshire]] and [[Maine]] moved to region, bringing the name.
<ref>https://www.digifind-it.com/edison/data/albums%20and%20scrapbooks/Passport%20to%20Edison.pdf.</ref>
<ref name = NJGazetteer>{{cite web |last = Gordon |first = Thomas Francis |title = A Gazetteer of the State of New Jersey: Comprehending a General View of Its Physical and Moral Condition, Together with a Topographical and Statistical Account of Its Counties, Towns, Villages, Canals, Rail Roads, &c., Accompanied by a Map
⚫
|year = 1834 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=8VoVAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA92}}</ref> Other settlements incuded [[Quibbletown, New Jersey|Quibbletown]] and [[Raritan Landing]].


==Municipal boundaries==
==Municipal boundaries==
In 1870 portions of [[Piscataway, New Jersey]] and [[Woodbridge, New Jersey]] were used to form [[Raritan, New Jersey]],<ref name=middlesex>{{cite book |last=Wall|first=John P. |title=History of Middlesex County, New Jersey |year=1921| url=https://archive.org/details/historyofmiddles01pick}}</ref> incorporated as Raritan Township on March 17, 1870.<ref name=Story>Snyder, John P. [https://www.state.nj.us/dep/njgs/enviroed/oldpubs/bulletin67.pdf ''The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606–1968''], Bureau of Geology and Topography, [[Trenton, New Jersey]], 1969. p. 170 re Edison Township, p. 173 re Raritan Township.</ref> It was later renamed [[Edison, New Jersey]].
On March 17, 1870, portions of adjacent [[Piscataway, New Jersey|Piscataway]] and [[Woodbridge Township, New Jersey|Woodbridge]] were used to form Raritan Township.<ref name=middlesex>{{cite book |last=Wall|first=John P. |title=History of Middlesex County, New Jersey |year=1921| url=https://archive.org/details/historyofmiddles01pick}}</ref><ref name=Story>Snyder, John P. [https://www.state.nj.us/dep/njgs/enviroed/oldpubs/bulletin67.pdf ''The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606–1968''], Bureau of Geology and Topography, [[Trenton, New Jersey]], 1969. p. 170 re Edison Township, p. 173 re Raritan Township.</ref> Raritan Township was renamed Edison in the 1950s.


==Historic area and modern neighborhood==
==Historic area==
[[File:St. James Episcopal Church Piscatawaytown.png|thumb|left|St. James Episcopal Church]]
[[File:St. James Episcopal Church Piscatawaytown.png|thumb|left|St. James Episcopal Church]]
The Proprietors of the [[East Jersey|Province of East New Jersey]] granted a tract of land for a burial ground and a town common on March 5, 1695. There had been earlier burials at the location, with one readable gravestone dating from 1693.
The Proprietors of the [[East Jersey|Province of East New Jersey]] granted a tract of land for a burial ground and a town common on March 5, 1695. The settlement comprised a town hall, militia training ground, stockade, jail, church, burial ground and houses.<ref name="tapinto.net"/> Saint James Church was established in 1704 and the original structure built in 1724. The existing building is from 1836.<ref>{{cite web |title = St. James Episcopal Church Piscataway |publisher = Historic American Buildings Survey |year = 1936 |url = https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/master/pnp/habshaer/nj/nj0500/nj0595/data/nj0595data.pdf |access-date = September 25, 2022}}</ref>

<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://metuchen-edisonhistsoc.org/resources/Piscatawaytown1.pdf|title=Piscatawaytown Burial Ground}}</ref><ref name =RevWar/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/nj0595/|title=St. James Episcopal Church, Piscataway, Middlesex County, NJ|first=Historic American Buildings|last=Survey|website=www.loc.gov}}</ref>
The village comprised a town hall, militia training ground, stockade, jail, church, burial ground and houses.<ref>Middlesex County Office of Culture and Heritage. [https://www.tapinto.net/towns/piscataway/sections/arts-and-entertainment/articles/history-revealed-in-piscatawaytown-and-edison-1 "History Revealed In Piscatawaytown and Edison"], TAP into Piscataway, September 9, 2015. Accessed December 22, 2019. "The remnants of the Piscataway village and town commons can still be seen in modern Edison Township. Settled in the late 1600s by New Englanders, this historic site once consisted of a town hall, militia training ground, stockade, jail, church, burial ground and houses."</ref> Saint James Church was established in 1704 and the original structure built in 1724. Considerable military activity and battles took place during the Revolutionary War in the Piscatawaytown area in 1776 and 1777. The Post Road (now Woodbridge Avenue) was a main land artery for British communications and movement of supplies and troops. The British army used St. James Church as a barracks and a hospital from December 1776 to June 1777.
Considerable military activity and battles known as the [[Forage War]] took place during the Revolutionary War in the Piscatawaytown area in 1776 and 1777. The Post Road (a [[post road]], now Woodbridge Avenue) was a main land artery for British communications and movement of supplies and troops. The British army used St. James Church as a barracks and a hospital from December 1776 to June 1777.

A [[1835 Middlesex County tornado|June 1835 tornado]] caused damage to many of the gravestones as well as Saint James Church.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":4" /><ref name="interment.net"/>

===Burial ground===
The Piscatawaytown Burial Ground is one of the oldest recorded cemeteries in Middlesex County and maintained by the township.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Change |first= Kathy |date= March 3, 2022 |title=Survey reveals almost 100 burials in the 'colored burial ground' at historic Piscatawaytown Burial Ground in Edison; 11 have been identified |url=https://centraljersey.com/2022/03/02/almost-100-burials-were-found-in-the-colored-burial-ground-at-the-historic-piscatawaytown-burial-ground-in-edison-11-have-been-identified/ |access-date=2022-11-16 |website=centraljersey.com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Piscatawaytown Burial Ground – Edison, NJ |url=https://revolutionarynj.org/storyline_photo2/piscatawaytown-burial-ground-edison-nj/ |access-date=2022-11-16 |website=Crossroads of the American Revolution |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="interment.net">{{Cite web |title=Piscatawaytown Burial Grounds - Middlesex County, New Jersey |url=http://www.interment.net/data/us/nj/middlesex/piscataway/index.htm |access-date=2022-11-16 |website=www.interment.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Stochel |first=Walter R. |date=2004 |title=Piscatawaytown burial ground tour map 2004. |url=http://www.metuchen-edisonhistsoc.org/resources/Pisc.pdf |access-date=November 15, 2022 |website= Metuchen - Edison Historical Society}}</ref>

There had been burials at the location before the granting of tract, with one readable gravestone dating from 1693.
<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://metuchen-edisonhistsoc.org/resources/Piscatawaytown1.pdf|title=Piscatawaytown Burial Ground}}</ref><ref name =RevWar/><ref name="Survey"/> The oldest readable gravestone is that of the Hoopar brothers, aged 10 and 12, who died of mushroom poisoning.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=NJ |first=Weird |title=Weird NJ: A sad tale from shrooms to tomb |url=https://www.courierpostonline.com/story/news/local/new-jersey/2016/08/14/weird-nj-sad-tale-shrooms-tomb/88740256/ |access-date=2022-11-16 |website=Courier-Post |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":3">Stochel, W. R. (2004). [http://www.metuchen-edisonhistsoc.org/resources/Pisc.pdf Piscatawaytown burial ground tour map 2004.] Metuchen- Edison Historical Society.</ref> The brothers were buried in 1693.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" />

There are many veterans from various wars buried in the grounds.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":5">Stochel, Walter R. (2004). [http://www.metuchen-edisonhistsoc.org/resources/Piscatawaytown+Burial+Ground+Legal+Size.pdf Piscatawaytown Burial Ground fact sheet 2004. Metuchen- Edison&nbsp;Historical Society.]</ref> This includes British soldiers who had died in the Revolutionary War and were buried in a common grave in 1777 . The highest ranking veteran buried in the grounds is Brevet Major General Thomas Swords, a veteran of the Mexican War and Civil War, buried in 1886.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":5" /><ref name=":3" /><ref>Stochel, Walter. (2010, March). [http://www.metuchen-edisonhistsoc.org/resources/General+Thomas+Swords.pdf General Thomas Swords 1806-1886.] Metuchen - Edison Historical Society.</ref>


A [[ground-penetrating radar]] scan of the burial ground conducted in 2021 identified 98 graves in the southwest corner of the grounds which has been designated as the colored burial ground.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":4">{{cite web |date=October 2021 |title=Piscatawaytown burials ground GPR project report |url=http://www.edisongreenways.org./projects/Piscataway_GPR_Project_Report_10-2021_IUP_Geophysical_Survey.pdf |access-date=November 15, 2022 |website=Edison Greenways Group}}</ref> Only 11 of those individuals have been identified.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":4" /> In total, there have been 1,815 burials identified as of 2015, with 1,494 of those burials having gravestones.<ref name=":0" />
⚫
Piscatawaytown is centered around St. James Church and the Piscatawaytown Common, near the intersection of Plainfield and Woodbridge Avenues.<ref name="NJDOTMidsex">{{cite web |title = NJDOT Graphic Information System Maps Middlesex |publisher = New Jersey Department of Transportation|url = https://www.state.nj.us/transportation/gis/maps/middlesex.pdf |access-date = March 2, 2020}}</ref><ref>Middlesex COunty Office of Culture and Heritage. [https://www.tapinto.net/towns/piscataway/sections/arts-and-entertainment/articles/history-revealed-in-piscatawaytown-and-edison-1 "History Revealed In Piscatawaytown and Edison"], TAP into Piscataway, September 9, 2015. Accessed December 22, 2019. "The remnants of the Piscataway village and town commons can still be seen in modern Edison Township. Settled in the late 1600s by New Englanders, this historic site once consisted of a town hall, militia training ground, stockade, jail, church, burial ground and houses."</ref><ref name =RevWar>https://www.revolutionarywarnewjersey.com/new_jersey_revolutionary_war_sites/towns/edison_nj_revolutionary_war_sites.htm</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/nj0595/|title=St. James Episcopal Church, Piscataway, Middlesex County, NJ|first=Historic American Buildings|last=Survey|website=www.loc.gov}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==

Latest revision as of 13:03, 6 August 2024

Piscatawaytown, New Jersey
Unincorporated community
County Route 529 (Plainfield Avenue) in Piscatawaytown, facing north
County Route 529 (Plainfield Avenue) in Piscatawaytown, facing north
Piscatawaytown is located in Middlesex County, New Jersey
Piscatawaytown
Piscatawaytown
Location in Middlesex County
Piscatawaytown is located in New Jersey
Piscatawaytown
Piscatawaytown
Piscatawaytown (New Jersey)
Piscatawaytown is located in the United States
Piscatawaytown
Piscatawaytown
Piscatawaytown (the United States)
Coordinates: 40°30′06″N 74°23′45″W / 40.50167°N 74.39583°W / 40.50167; -74.39583
Country United States
State New Jersey
CountyMiddlesex
TownshipEdison
Elevation
[1]
115 ft (35 m)
GNIS feature ID880876[1]

Piscatawaytown is the oldest neighborhood in Edison in Middlesex County, New Jersey. It was established in the 1660s as the original village in what was then within Piscataway. Piscatawaytown is centered around St. James Church, the Piscatawaytown Burial Ground and the Piscatawaytown Common, near the intersection of Plainfield and Woodbridge Avenues.[2][3][4][5]

Establishment and naming

[edit]

The Raritan were bands of the Lenape people living around the Raritan River and its bay, in what is now central New Jersey and Staten Island, New York.

Piscataway was settled New Englanders in the 17th century. In 1666, the first proprietary Governor of the Province of New Jersey, Philip Carteret, granted 12 new settlers from Massachusetts a 100 square mile allotment of land that was later founded as the townships of Piscataway and Woodbridge.[6] Soon thereafter additional settlers from the Piscataqua River, the state boundary of New Hampshire and Maine moved to region, bringing the name.[7][8][9] Other settlements included Quibbletown and Raritan Landing.

Municipal boundaries

[edit]

On March 17, 1870, portions of adjacent Piscataway and Woodbridge were used to form Raritan Township.[10][11] Raritan Township was renamed Edison in the 1950s.

Historic area

[edit]
St. James Episcopal Church

The Proprietors of the Province of East New Jersey granted a tract of land for a burial ground and a town common on March 5, 1695. The settlement comprised a town hall, militia training ground, stockade, jail, church, burial ground and houses.[3] Saint James Church was established in 1704 and the original structure built in 1724. The existing building is from 1836.[12]

Considerable military activity and battles known as the Forage War took place during the Revolutionary War in the Piscatawaytown area in 1776 and 1777. The Post Road (a post road, now Woodbridge Avenue) was a main land artery for British communications and movement of supplies and troops. The British army used St. James Church as a barracks and a hospital from December 1776 to June 1777.

A June 1835 tornado caused damage to many of the gravestones as well as Saint James Church.[13][14][15][16]

Burial ground

[edit]

The Piscatawaytown Burial Ground is one of the oldest recorded cemeteries in Middlesex County and maintained by the township.[13][14][16][17]

There had been burials at the location before the granting of tract, with one readable gravestone dating from 1693. [18][4][5] The oldest readable gravestone is that of the Hoopar brothers, aged 10 and 12, who died of mushroom poisoning.[19][20] The brothers were buried in 1693.[19][20]

There are many veterans from various wars buried in the grounds.[14][21] This includes British soldiers who had died in the Revolutionary War and were buried in a common grave in 1777 . The highest ranking veteran buried in the grounds is Brevet Major General Thomas Swords, a veteran of the Mexican War and Civil War, buried in 1886.[14][21][20][22]

A ground-penetrating radar scan of the burial ground conducted in 2021 identified 98 graves in the southwest corner of the grounds which has been designated as the colored burial ground.[13][15] Only 11 of those individuals have been identified.[13][15] In total, there have been 1,815 burials identified as of 2015, with 1,494 of those burials having gravestones.[13]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Stelton". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
  2. ^ "NJDOT Graphic Information System Maps Middlesex" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Transportation. Retrieved March 2, 2020.
  3. ^ a b Middlesex County Office of Culture and Heritage. "History Revealed In Piscatawaytown and Edison", TAP into Piscataway, September 9, 2015. Accessed December 22, 2019. "The remnants of the Piscataway village and town commons can still be seen in modern Edison Township. Settled in the late 1600s by New Englanders, this historic site once consisted of a town hall, militia training ground, stockade, jail, church, burial ground and houses."
  4. ^ a b "Revolutionary War Sites in Edison, New Jersey". revolutionarywarnewjersey.com. Retrieved November 27, 2021.
  5. ^ a b Survey, Historic American Buildings. "St. James Episcopal Church, Piscataway, Middlesex County, NJ". www.loc.gov.
  6. ^ Governors of New Jersey Archived November 12, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, New Jersey State Library. Accessed August 7, 2014.
  7. ^ "History of Middlesex County, New Jersey, 1664-1920". New York, Chicago, Lewis historical publishing company. 1921.
  8. ^ A guide to Edison (PDF). The Center for Community Renewal. 2001.
  9. ^ Gordon, Thomas Francis (1834). A Gazetteer of the State of New Jersey: Comprehending a General View of Its Physical and Moral Condition, Together with a Topographical and Statistical Account of Its Counties, Towns, Villages, Canals, Rail Roads, &c., Accompanied by a Map. Daniel Fenton. ISBN 978-0-7222-0244-9.
  10. ^ Wall, John P. (1921). History of Middlesex County, New Jersey.
  11. ^ Snyder, John P. The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606–1968, Bureau of Geology and Topography, Trenton, New Jersey, 1969. p. 170 re Edison Township, p. 173 re Raritan Township.
  12. ^ "St. James Episcopal Church Piscataway" (PDF). Historic American Buildings Survey. 1936. Retrieved September 25, 2022.
  13. ^ a b c d e Change, Kathy (March 3, 2022). "Survey reveals almost 100 burials in the 'colored burial ground' at historic Piscatawaytown Burial Ground in Edison; 11 have been identified". centraljersey.com. Retrieved November 16, 2022.
  14. ^ a b c d "Piscatawaytown Burial Ground – Edison, NJ". Crossroads of the American Revolution. Retrieved November 16, 2022.
  15. ^ a b c "Piscatawaytown burials ground GPR project report" (PDF). Edison Greenways Group. October 2021. Retrieved November 15, 2022.
  16. ^ a b "Piscatawaytown Burial Grounds - Middlesex County, New Jersey". www.interment.net. Retrieved November 16, 2022.
  17. ^ Stochel, Walter R. (2004). "Piscatawaytown burial ground tour map 2004" (PDF). Metuchen - Edison Historical Society. Retrieved November 15, 2022.
  18. ^ "Piscatawaytown Burial Ground" (PDF).
  19. ^ a b NJ, Weird. "Weird NJ: A sad tale from shrooms to tomb". Courier-Post. Retrieved November 16, 2022.
  20. ^ a b c Stochel, W. R. (2004). Piscatawaytown burial ground tour map 2004. Metuchen- Edison Historical Society.
  21. ^ a b Stochel, Walter R. (2004). Piscatawaytown Burial Ground fact sheet 2004. Metuchen- Edison Historical Society.
  22. ^ Stochel, Walter. (2010, March). General Thomas Swords 1806-1886. Metuchen - Edison Historical Society.
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