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{{Infobox country
⚫
The '''Lordship of Glamorgan''' was one of the most powerful and wealthy of the [[Welsh Marches|Welsh Marcher]] Lordships. Established by the conquest of [[Glamorgan]] from its last Welsh ruler the [[Anglo-Norman]] lord of Glamorgan like all Marcher lords ruled his lands directly by his own law, thus they could amongst other things declare war, raise taxes, establish courts and markets and build castles as they willed without reference to the Crown. These privileges were only lost under the [[Laws in Wales Acts 1535–1542]]. Though possessing many castles the main seat of the Lordship was [[Cardiff Castle]].
| native_name = ''Arglwyddiaeth Morgannwg''

| conventional_long_name = Lordship of Glamorgan
| common_name = Glamorgan
| capital = [[Cardiff]]
| era = Middle Ages
| status = Client state
| status_text = [[Client state]] of the [[Kingdom of England]]
| government_type = [[Lord|Lordship]]
| title_leader = [[Lord]]
| leader1 = [[Robert Fitzhamon]]
| year_leader1 = 1093–1107
| leader2 = [[Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of Gloucester|Gilbert de Clare]]
| year_leader2 = 1217–1230
| leader3 = [[Henry VIII of England]]
| year_leader3 = 1509–1536
| event_start = Conquered by [[Robert Fitzhamon]]
| year_start = 1091
| event_end = [[Laws in Wales Acts 1535–1542|Annexation by Henry VIII]]
| year_end = 1536
| date_end =
| p1 = Kingdom of Glywysing
| flag_p1 =
| s1 = Kingdom of England
| flag_s1 = Flag of England.svg
| image_coat = CoA Gilbert de Clare.svg
| symbol_type = Arms of Gilbert de Clare
| image_map = Wales after the Treaty of Montgomery 1267 Colorblind.svg
| image_map_caption = Wales (1267–1277):
{{Leftlegend|#009E73|[[Gwynedd]], Llywelyn ap Gruffudd's principality}}
{{Leftlegend|#CC79A7|Territories conquered by Llywelyn ap Gruffudd}}
{{Leftlegend|#56B4E9|Territories of Llywelyn's vassals}}
{{Leftlegend|#E69F00|Lordships of the [[Marcher barons]]}}
{{Leftlegend|#F0E442|Lordships of the King of England}}
{{Leftlegend|#D55E00|Kingdom of England}}| footnotes = {{Note|1}}
}}
⚫
The '''Lordship of Glamorgan''' was one of the most powerful and wealthy of the [[Welsh Marches|Welsh Marcher]] Lordships. The seat was [[Cardiff Castle]]. It was established by the conquest of [[Glamorgan]] from its native Welsh ruler, by the Anglo-Norman nobleman [[Robert FitzHamon]], [[Feudal barony of Gloucester|feudal baron of Gloucester]], and his legendary followers the [[Twelve Knights of Glamorgan]]. The [[Anglo-Normans|Anglo-Norman]] Lord of Glamorgan, like all Marcher lords, ruled his lands directly by his own law: thus he could, amongst other things, declare war, raise taxes, establish courts and markets and build castles as he wished, without reference to the Crown. These privileges were only lost under the [[Laws in Wales Acts 1535–1542]]. Though possessing many castles, the main seat of the Lordship was [[Cardiff Castle]].


== First Creation ==
== First Creation ==
[[File:Medieval_Wales.JPG|thumb]]

*[[Robert Fitzhamon]], the conqueror of [[Glamorgan]] (1093–1107)

*[[Robert Fitzhamon]], the conqueror of [[Glamorgan]] [[1093]] - [[1107]]
*[[Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester]] (1118–1147)
*[[Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester]] ([[1118]]-[[1147]])
*[[William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester]] (1147–1183)
*[[William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester]] ([[1147]]-[[1183]])
*[[Isabel, Countess of Gloucester]] (d. 1217) with:
⚫
**[[John of England]] (1189–1214), however marriage annulled
*[[Isabel, Countess of Gloucester]] (d.[[1217]])
⚫
**[[Geoffrey FitzGeoffrey de Mandeville, 2nd Earl of Essex]] (after 1214–1217)
⚫
**[[John of England]] ([[1189]]–[[1214]]), however marriage annulled
⚫
**[[Geoffrey FitzGeoffrey de Mandeville, 2nd Earl of Essex]] after [[1214]] -[[1217]]



== Second Creation ==
== Second Creation ==
⚫
*[[Gilbert de Clare, 4th Earl of Hertford|Gilbert de Clare, 4th Earl of Hertford, 5th Earl of Gloucester]] (1217–1230)

*[[Gilbert de Clare, 4th Earl of Hertford|Gilbert de Clare, 4th Earl of Hertford, 1st Earl of Gloucester]] ([[1217]]-[[1230]])
*[[Richard de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford|Richard de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford, 6th Earl of Gloucester]] (1230–1262)
*[[Richard de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford|Richard de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford, 2nd Earl of Gloucester]] ([[1230]]-[[1262]])
*[[Gilbert de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford|Gilbert de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford, 7th Earl of Gloucester]] (1262–1295)
⚫
*[[Ralph de Monthermer, 1st Baron Monthermer]] (1297–1307) through marriage to Joan, the widow of the 6th Earl. Ceased on her death in 1307.
⚫
*[[Gilbert de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford|Gilbert de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford, 3rd Earl of Gloucester]] ([[1262]]-[[1295]])
*[[Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Hertford|Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Hertford, 8th Earl of Gloucester]] (1307–1314)
⚫
*[[Ralph de Monthermer, 1st Baron Monthermer]] ([[1297]]-[[1307]]) through marriage to the widow of the 6th Earl Joan his countess and lost them on her death in [[1307]].
*[[Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Hertford|Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Hertford, 4th Earl of Gloucester]] ([[1307]]-[[1314]])
*[[Eleanor de Clare]], ''[[suo jure]]'' 6th Lady of Glamorgan, 2nd Baroness le Despenser (1314–1337)
** Sir [[Hugh the younger Despenser|Hugh "the younger" le Despenser, 2nd Baron le Despenser]] and Eleanor his wife (1314–1326)
*[[Eleanor de Clare]] ([[1292]]-[[1337]])
** Sir [[Hugh the younger Despenser]] and Eleanor his wife ([[1317]]-[[1326]])
** [[William la Zouche, 1st Baron Zouche]] and Eleanor his wife (1329–1337)
** [[William la Zouche, 1st Baron Zouche]] and Eleanor his wife ([[1329]]-[[1338]])


== Third Creation ==
== Third Creation ==
* Sir [[Hugh le Despencer, 2nd Baron le Despencer]] ([[1338]]-[[1349]])
* Sir [[Hugh le Despencer, Baron le Despencer (1338)|Hugh le Despencer, 3rd Baron le Despencer]] (1338–1349)
* [[Edward le Despencer, 1st Baron le Despencer]] ([[1349]]-[[1375]])
* [[Edward le Despencer, 1st Baron le Despencer|Edward le Despenser, 4th Baron le Despenser]] (1349–1375)
*[[Thomas le Despencer, 1st Earl of Gloucester]] ([[1375]]-[[1400]])
*[[Thomas le Despencer, 1st Earl of Gloucester]] (1375–1400)
*[[Richard le Despenser, 4th Baron Burghersh]] c. ([[1400]]-[[1411]])
*[[Richard le Despenser, 4th Baron Burghersh]] (c. 1400–1411)
*[[Isabel le Despenser]] ([[1422]]-[[1423]])
*[[Isabel le Despenser, Countess of Worcester|Isabel le Despenser]] (1422–1423)
**[[Richard Beauchamp, 1st Earl of Worcester]] ([[1411]]-[[1422]]) and [[Isabel le Despenser]]
**[[Richard Beauchamp, 1st Earl of Worcester]] (1411–1422) and [[Isabel le Despenser, Countess of Worcester|Isabel le Despenser]]
**[[Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick]] ([[1423]]-[[1439]]) and [[Isabel le Despenser]]
**[[Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick]] (1423–1439) and [[Isabel le Despenser, Countess of Worcester|Isabel le Despenser]]


== Forth Creation ==
== Fourth Creation ==
*[[Henry de Beauchamp, 1st Duke of Warwick]] ([[1439]]-[[1445]])
*[[Henry de Beauchamp, 1st Duke of Warwick]] (1439–1445)


== Fifth Creation ==
== Fifth Creation ==
*[[Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick]] ([[1449]]-[[1471]]) and [[Anne Neville, 16th Countess of Warwick]]
*[[Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick]] (1449–1471) and [[Anne Beauchamp, 16th Countess of Warwick]]
*[[Isabella Neville]] and [[George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence]] ([[1471]]-[[1478]])
*[[Isabella Neville]] and [[George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence]] (1471–1478)
*[[Richard III of England]] ([[1478]]-[[1485]]) and [[Anne Neville]]
*[[Richard III of England]] (1478–1485) and [[Anne Neville]]


== Sixth Creation ==
== Sixth Creation ==
*[[Jasper Tudor]] Duke of Bedford, ([[1485]]-[[1495]])
*[[Jasper Tudor]], Duke of Bedford (1485–1495)


== Merged with English Crown ==
== Merged with English Crown ==
*[[Henry VII of England]] ([[1495]]-[[1509]])
*[[Henry VII of England]] (1495–1509)
*[[Henry VIII of England]] ([[1509]]-[[1547]])
*[[Henry VIII of England]] (1509–1547)


==Sources==
==Sources==
*R. R. Davies, ''The Age of Conquest: Wales 1063-1415'' (Oxford History of Wales, 2)
*R. R. Davies, ''The Age of Conquest: Wales 1063–1415'' (Oxford History of Wales, 2)
*T. B. Pugh, ''Glamorgan County History:The Middle Ages: The Marcher Lordships of Glamorgan and Morgannwg and Gower and Kilvey from the Norman Conquest to the Act of Union of England and Wales''
*T. B. Pugh, ''Glamorgan County History:The Middle Ages: The Marcher Lordships of Glamorgan and Morgannwg and Gower and Kilvey from the Norman Conquest to the Act of Union of England and Wales''
cv


{{coord missing|Glamorgan}}
[[Category:States and territories established in 1091]]
[[Category:States and territories disestablished in 1536]]
[[Category:History of Glamorgan]]
[[Category:History of Glamorgan]]
[[Category:Lords of Glamorgan| ]]
[[Category:Marcher lordships]]

Latest revision as of 16:24, 8 August 2024

Lordship of Glamorgan
Arglwyddiaeth Morgannwg
1091–1536
Arms of Gilbert de Clare of Glamorgan
Arms of Gilbert de Clare
Wales (1267–1277):
  Gwynedd, Llywelyn ap Gruffudd's principality
  Territories conquered by Llywelyn ap Gruffudd
  Territories of Llywelyn's vassals
  Lordships of the Marcher barons
  Lordships of the King of England
  Kingdom of England
StatusClient state of the Kingdom of England
CapitalCardiff
GovernmentLordship
Lord 
• 1093–1107
Robert Fitzhamon
• 1217–1230
Gilbert de Clare
• 1509–1536
Henry VIII of England
Historical eraMiddle Ages
• Conquered by Robert Fitzhamon
1091
1536
Preceded by		 Succeeded by
Kingdom of Glywysing
Kingdom of England
^

The Lordship of Glamorgan was one of the most powerful and wealthy of the Welsh Marcher Lordships. The seat was Cardiff Castle. It was established by the conquest of Glamorgan from its native Welsh ruler, by the Anglo-Norman nobleman Robert FitzHamon, feudal baron of Gloucester, and his legendary followers the Twelve Knights of Glamorgan. The Anglo-Norman Lord of Glamorgan, like all Marcher lords, ruled his lands directly by his own law: thus he could, amongst other things, declare war, raise taxes, establish courts and markets and build castles as he wished, without reference to the Crown. These privileges were only lost under the Laws in Wales Acts 1535–1542. Though possessing many castles, the main seat of the Lordship was Cardiff Castle.

First Creation

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Second Creation

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Third Creation

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Fourth Creation

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Fifth Creation

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Sixth Creation

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Merged with English Crown

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Sources

[edit]
  • R. R. Davies, The Age of Conquest: Wales 1063–1415 (Oxford History of Wales, 2)
  • T. B. Pugh, Glamorgan County History:The Middle Ages: The Marcher Lordships of Glamorgan and Morgannwg and Gower and Kilvey from the Norman Conquest to the Act of Union of England and Wales

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