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The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Livorno in the Tuscany region of Italy.

Prior to 20th century

1077 - Matilda of Tuscany tower built.^[1]
1284 - Naval Battle of Meloria (1284) fought near Livorno with the win of Genoa.
1303 - Livorno Lighthouse (Fanale dei Pisani) built.^[1]
1399 - Livorno sold by Pisa to the Visconti.^[2]
1407 - Livorno becomes part of the Republic of Genoa.^[3]
1421 - Livorno becomes part of the Republic of Florence.^[3]
1423 - Torre del Marzocco [it] (tower) built.^[3]
1551 - Population: 749.^[3]
1571 - Port of Livorno construction begins.^[2]
1575 - Pisa-Livorno Navicelli channel created.
1603 - Synagogue of Livorno built.
1606
- Livorno attains city status.^[3]
- Cathedral of Saint Francis of Assisi built.^[2]
1626 - Monument of the Four Moors erected in the Piazza Micheli.^[4]
1630 - Venezia Nuova area development begins.^[4]
1645 - Old English Cemetery, Livorno established (until 1838).
1653 - 4 March: Naval battle fought near city during the First Anglo-Dutch War.
1691 - Port declared Free port.^[3]
1718 - Status as free port confirmed in the War of the Quadruple Alliance.^[3]
1742 - Earthquake.^[5]^(it)
1796 - French forces enter city.^[6]
1806 - Roman Catholic Diocese of Livorno established.^[7]
1813 - Attempted siege of Livorno by British and Italian forces.^[6]
1816 - Biblioteca Labronica (library) founded.^[8]
1825
- Società medica di Livorno [it] founded.^[9]
- "British 'factory'" closes.^[3]
1840 - New Walls of Livorno [it] built.^[4]
1842 - Cisternone (Livorno) [it] built.^[4]
1847 - Teatro Carlo Goldoni (Livorno) [it] (theatre) opens.
1848 - Cisternino di città built.
1849 - May: Siege of Livorno [it] by Austrian forces during the First Italian War of Independence.^[6]
1856 - Santa Maria del Soccorso, Livorno opened.
1857 - June: Fire.^[6]
1867 - Livorno–Rome railway opened.^[3]
1868 - Livorno's free port status ends.^[2]^[3]
1871 - Population: 97,096.^[10]
1872 - Chamber of Commerce headquartered in the Palazzo della Dogana [it].
1881 - Italian Naval Academy established.
1899 - City Archive opens on Via Borra [it].^[11]

20th century

1901 - Population: 78,308.^[3]
1911 - Population: 105,315.^[12]
1915 - A.S. Livorno Calcio (football club) formed.
1920 - Scuola Labronica artists' group formed.^[4]
1921 - January: 1st Congress of the Communist Party of Italy [it] held in Livorno.
1935
- Ferrovia Pisa-Tirrenia-Livorno [it] (railway) begins operating.
- Stadio Edda Ciano Mussolini (stadium) opens.
1940 - Bombing of Livorno (1940-1945) [it] in World War II begins.^[13]
1942 - Palazzo del Governo (Livorno) [it] built.
1943 - City bombed by allied forces in World War II; cathedral demolished.^[2]
1944
- Bombing by allied forces.^[2]
- Furio Diaz [it] becomes mayor.^[13]
1945 - Bombing of Livorno ends.
1953 - Cathedral reconstructed.
1954 - Nicola Badaloni [it] becomes mayor.
1962 - New Synagogue of Livorno built.^[13]
1978 - Il Tirreno newspaper in publication.^[14]
1985 - May: Tuscan communal election, 1985 [it] held.
1992 - Gianfranco Lamberti [it] becomes mayor.
1994 - Museo civico Giovanni Fattori [it] (museum) moves into the Villa Mimbelli [it].

21st century

2004 - Alessandro Cosimi becomes mayor.
2013 - Population: 156,998.^[15]
2014 - Filippo Nogarin becomes mayor.
2015 - Population: 159,431^[16]
2015 - 31 May: Tuscan regional election, 2015 held.
2019 - Luca Salvetti becomes mayor.

References

^ ^a ^b "Chronology of Livorno". Leghorn Merchant Networks. 11 November 2009. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Domenico 2002.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k Britannica 1910.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Cornelia Danielson. "Livorno". Oxford Art Online. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |url= (help) Retrieved 15 December 2016
^ Mario Baratta [in Italian] (1901). I terremoti d'Italia [Earthquakes in Italy] (in Italian). Turin: Fratelli Bocca. (includes chronology)
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Haydn 1910.
^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Italy". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
^ "(Comune: Livorno)". Anagrafe delle biblioteche italiane [Registry of Italian Libraries)] (in Italian). Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo Unico. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
^ Piombanti 1903.
^ Hunter, Brian; Paxton, John; Steinberg, S. H.; Epstein, Mortimer; Renwick, Isaac Parker Anderson; Keltie, John Scott; Martin, Frederick (1873). "Italy". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590360.
^ Ezio Papa. "Storia dell'Archivio" (in Italian). Comune di Livorno. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
^ "Italy". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1913. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368374.
^ ^a ^b ^c Noce 2004.
^ "Italy". Western Europe. Regional Surveys of the World (5th ed.). Europa Publications. 2003. ISBN 978-1-85743-152-0.
^ "Resident Population". Demo-Geodemo. Istituto Nazionale di Statistica. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
^ Istat

This article incorporates information from the Italian Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

John Ramsay McCulloch (1877), "Leghorn", A Dictionary, Practical, Theoretical, and Historical, of Commerce and Commercial Navigation, Hugh G. Reid, ed., London: Longmans, Green, and Co., hdl:2027/njp.32101079877088
Ismar Elbogen (1904), "Leghorn", Jewish Encyclopedia, vol. 7, New York, hdl:2027/mdp.49015002282250{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Ashby, Thomas (1910). "Leghorn" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). pp. 377–378.
Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Leghorn", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co., hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t41r6xh8t
Roy Domenico (2002). "Tuscany: Livorno". Regions of Italy: a Reference Guide to History and Culture. Greenwood. pp. 329+. ISBN 0313307334.

in Italian

Giuseppe Vivoli (1842), Annali di Livorno (in Italian) 1842-
P. Volpi, Guida del Forestiere per la città e contorni di Livorno, 1846.
Giuseppe Piombanti (1903). Guida storica ed artistica della città e dei dintorni di Livorno (in Italian). Bologna: Forni.
P. Vigo, Livorno. Aspetti storici-artistici, Bergamo 1915.
"Livorno", Enciclopedia Italiana, 1934
G. Nudi. Storia urbanistica di Livorno: Dalle origini al secolo XVI (Venice, 1959)
L. Bortolotti. Livorno dal 1748 al 1958: Profilo storico-urbanistico (Florence, 1970)
A. Melosi, Resistenza, dopoguerra e ricostruzione a Livorno. 1944/48, S. Giovanni in Persiceto (Bo) 1984.
D. Matteoni (1985), Livorno, Le città nella storia d'Italia (in Italian)
Tiziana Noce (2004). Nella città degli uomini: donne e pratica della politica a Livorno fra guerra e ricostruzione (in Italian). Soveria Mannelli: Rubbettino Editore. ISBN 978-88-498-0843-8.
A. Santini, 400 anni di Livorno, Pisa 2006.
A. Prosperi (a cura di), Livorno 1606–1806. Luogo di incontro tra popoli e culture, Torino, Allemandi, 2009.

External links

Archivio di Stato di Livorno (state archives)
Items related to Livorno, various dates (via Europeana)
Items related to Livorno, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America)

[merchant-1] "Chronology of Livorno". Leghorn Merchant Networks. 11 November 2009. Retrieved 16 December 2016.

[FOOTNOTEDomenico2002-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Domenico 2002.

[FOOTNOTEBritannica1910-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k Britannica 1910.

[OxfordArt-4] Cornelia Danielson. "Livorno". Oxford Art Online. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |url= (help) Retrieved 15 December 2016

[Baratta1901-5] Mario Baratta [in Italian] (1901). I terremoti d'Italia [Earthquakes in Italy] (in Italian). Turin: Fratelli Bocca. (includes chronology)

[FOOTNOTEHaydn1910-6] Haydn 1910.

[katolsk-7] "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Italy". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 14 December 2016.

[8] "(Comune: Livorno)". Anagrafe delle biblioteche italiane [Registry of Italian Libraries)] (in Italian). Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo Unico. Retrieved 15 December 2016.

[FOOTNOTEPiombanti1903-9] Piombanti 1903.

[10] Hunter, Brian; Paxton, John; Steinberg, S. H.; Epstein, Mortimer; Renwick, Isaac Parker Anderson; Keltie, John Scott; Martin, Frederick (1873). "Italy". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590360.

[11] Ezio Papa. "Storia dell'Archivio" (in Italian). Comune di Livorno. Retrieved 15 December 2016.

[12] "Italy". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1913. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368374.

[FOOTNOTENoce2004-13] Noce 2004.

[europa2003-14] "Italy". Western Europe. Regional Surveys of the World (5th ed.). Europa Publications. 2003. ISBN 978-1-85743-152-0.

[15] "Resident Population". Demo-Geodemo. Istituto Nazionale di Statistica. Retrieved 14 December 2016.

[16] Istat

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{short description|None}}
 The following is a timeline of the [[Livorno#History|history]] of the city of [[Livorno]] in the [[Tuscany]] region of [[Italy]].
 {{Dynamic list}}
@@ Line 4: / Line 6: @@
 ==Prior to 20th century==
-{{Expand section|date=December 2016 }}
 {{History of Italy}}
-* 1284 - Naval [[Battle of Meloria (1284)]] fought near Livorno.
+* 1077 - [[Matilda of Tuscany]] tower built.<ref name=merchant/>
+* 1284 - Naval [[Battle of Meloria (1284)]] fought near Livorno with the win of [[Genoa]].
-* 1399 - Livorno sold by [[Republic of Pisa|Pisa]] to the [[House_of_Visconti#Visconti_of_Milan|Visconti]].{{sfn|Domenico|2002}}
+* 1303 - [[Livorno Lighthouse (Fanale dei Pisani)]] built.<ref name=merchant>{{cite web | url = https://leghornmerchants.wordpress.com/chronology-of-livorno/ | title = Chronology of Livorno | date = 11 November 2009 | publisher = Leghorn Merchant Networks | access-date = 16 December 2016}}</ref>
+* 1399 - Livorno sold by [[Republic of Pisa|Pisa]] to the [[Visconti of Milan|Visconti]].{{sfn|Domenico|2002}}
 * 1407 - Livorno becomes part of the [[Republic of Genoa]].{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
 * 1421 - Livorno becomes part of the [[Republic of Florence]].{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
@@ Line 18: / Line 21: @@
 * 1606
 ** Livorno attains city status.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
-** {{w|Livorno#Cathedral of Saint Francis of Assisi|Cathedral of Saint Francis of Assisi}} built.{{sfn|Domenico|2002}}
+** [[Livorno#Cathedral of Saint Francis of Assisi|Cathedral of Saint Francis of Assisi]] built.{{sfn|Domenico|2002}}
-* 1626 - [[Monument of the Four Moors]] erected in the Piazza Micheli.<ref name=OxfordArt>{{cite web |work=[[Oxford Art Online]] |title=Livorno |subscription=yes |author= Cornelia Danielson }} Retrieved 15 December 2016</ref>
+* 1626 - [[Monument of the Four Moors]] erected in the Piazza Micheli.<ref name=OxfordArt>{{cite web |work=[[Oxford Art Online]] |title=Livorno |author= Cornelia Danielson }} Retrieved 15 December 2016</ref>
-* 1630 - {{w|Livorno#Venezia Nuova|Venezia Nuova}} area development begins.<ref name=OxfordArt />
+* 1630 - [[Livorno#Venezia Nuova|Venezia Nuova]] area development begins.<ref name=OxfordArt />
+* 1645 - [[Old English Cemetery, Livorno]] established (until 1838).
 * 1653 - 4 March: [[Battle of Leghorn|Naval battle]] fought near city during the [[First Anglo-Dutch War]].
-* 1691 - [[Port of Livorno|Port]] declared [[Free port|neutral]].{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
+* 1691 - [[Port of Livorno|Port]] declared [[Free port]].{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
+* 1718 - Status as free port confirmed in the [[War of the Quadruple Alliance]].{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
-* 1742 - Earthquake.<ref name="Baratta1901">{{cite book|author= {{illm|Mario Baratta|it}} |title=I terremoti d'Italia |trans-title=Earthquakes in Italy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LIi7AAAAIAAJ|year=1901|publisher=Fratelli Bocca |location=Turin |language=it}} (includes chronology)</ref><sup>([[:it:Terremoti in Italia nell'età moderna|it]])</sup>
+* 1742 - Earthquake.<ref name="Baratta1901">{{cite book|author=Mario Baratta |author-link=:it:Mario Baratta |title=I terremoti d'Italia |trans-title=Earthquakes in Italy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LIi7AAAAIAAJ|year=1901|publisher=[[Fratelli Bocca]] |location=Turin |language=it}} (includes chronology)</ref><sup>([[:it:Terremoti in Italia nell'età moderna|it]])</sup>
 * 1796 - French forces enter city.{{sfn|Haydn|1910}}
-* 1806 - [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Livorno]] established.<ref name=katolsk>{{cite web |title=Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Italy |url= http://www.katolsk.no/organisasjon/verden/chronology/italy |publisher=[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo]] |location=Norway |accessdate= 14 December 2016 }}</ref>
+* 1806 - [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Livorno]] established.<ref name=katolsk>{{cite web |title=Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Italy |url= http://www.katolsk.no/organisasjon/verden/chronology/italy |publisher=[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo]] |location=Norway |access-date= 14 December 2016 }}</ref>
 * 1813 - Attempted siege of Livorno by British and Italian forces.{{sfn|Haydn|1910}}
-* 1816 - {{w|Livorno#Biblioteca Labronica|Biblioteca Labronica}} (library) founded.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://anagrafe.iccu.sbn.it/opencms/opencms/ |title= (Comune: Livorno) |work={{illm|Anagrafe delle biblioteche italiane|it}} (Registry of Italian Libraries) |publisher=[[Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo Unico]] |language=it |accessdate= 15 December 2016 }}</ref>
+* 1816 - [[Livorno#Biblioteca Labronica|Biblioteca Labronica]] (library) founded.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://anagrafe.iccu.sbn.it/opencms/opencms/ |title= (Comune: Livorno) |work=[[:it:Anagrafe delle biblioteche italiane|Anagrafe delle biblioteche italiane]] |trans-work=Registry of Italian Libraries) |publisher=[[Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo Unico]] |language=it |access-date= 15 December 2016 }}</ref>
 * 1825
 ** {{illm|Società medica di Livorno|it}} founded.{{sfn|Piombanti|1903}}
@@ Line 36: / Line 41: @@
 * 1848 - [[Cisternino di città]] built.
 * 1849 - May: {{illm|Siege of Livorno|it|Assedio di Livorno}} by Austrian forces during the [[First Italian War of Independence]].{{sfn|Haydn|1910}}
+* 1856 - [[Santa Maria del Soccorso, Livorno]] opened.
 * 1857 - June: Fire.{{sfn|Haydn|1910}}
-* 1868 - Livorno's [[free port]] status ends.{{sfn|Domenico|2002}}
+* 1867 - [[Livorno–Rome railway]] opened.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
+* 1868 - Livorno's [[free port]] status ends.{{sfn|Domenico|2002}}{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
-* 1871 - Population: 97,096.<ref>{{cite book |title=[[Statesman's Year-Book]] |year=1873 |location=London |publisher= Macmillan and Co.|chapter= Italy |chapterurl=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/nyp.33433081590360?urlappend=%3Bseq=356 }}</ref>
+* 1871 - Population: 97,096.<ref>{{cite book |title=Statesman's Year-Book |title-link=Statesman's Year-Book |year=1873 |location=London |publisher= Macmillan and Co.|chapter= Italy |hdl=2027/nyp.33433081590360?urlappend=%3Bseq=356 |chapter-url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/nyp.33433081590360?urlappend=%3Bseq=356 |last1=Hunter |first1=Brian |last2=Paxton |first2=John |last3=Steinberg |first3=S. H. |last4=Epstein |first4=Mortimer |last5=Renwick |first5=Isaac Parker Anderson |last6=Keltie |first6=John Scott |last7=Martin |first7=Frederick }}</ref>
 * 1872 - Chamber of Commerce headquartered in the {{illm|Palazzo della Dogana|it}}.
 * 1881 - [[Italian Naval Academy]] established.
-* 1899 - City Archive opens on {{illm|Via Borra|it}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.comune.livorno.it/_livo/it/default/1209/Storia-dell-Archivio.html |title=Storia dell'Archivio |author= Ezio Papa |publisher=Comune di Livorno |language=it |accessdate=15 December 2016 }}</ref>
+* 1899 - City Archive opens on {{illm|Via Borra|it}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.comune.livorno.it/_livo/it/default/1209/Storia-dell-Archivio.html |title=Storia dell'Archivio |author= Ezio Papa |publisher=Comune di Livorno |language=it |access-date=15 December 2016 }}</ref>
 ==20th century==
-{{Expand section|date=December 2016 }}
-* 1911 - Population: 105,315.<ref>{{cite book |title=Statesman's Year-Book |year=1913 |location=London |publisher= Macmillan and Co.|chapter= Italy |chapterurl= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/njp.32101072368374?urlappend=%3Bseq=1107 }}</ref>
+* 1901 - Population: 78,308.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
+* 1911 - Population: 105,315.<ref>{{cite book |title=Statesman's Year-Book |year=1913 |location=London |publisher= Macmillan and Co.|chapter= Italy |hdl=2027/njp.32101072368374?urlappend=%3Bseq=1107 |chapter-url= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/njp.32101072368374?urlappend=%3Bseq=1107 }}</ref>
 * 1915 - [[A.S. Livorno Calcio]] (football club) formed.
 * 1920 - Scuola Labronica artists' group formed.<ref name=OxfordArt />
@@ Line 68: / Line 76: @@
 ==21st century==
+* 2004 - [[Alessandro Cosimi]] becomes mayor.
-{{Expand section|date=December 2016}}
-* 2013 - Population: 156,998.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://demo.istat.it/pop2013/index_e.html |title=Resident Population |work=Demo-Geodemo |publisher=[[National Institute of Statistics (Italy)|Istituto Nazionale di Statistica]] |accessdate= 14 December 2016 }}</ref>
+* 2013 - Population: 156,998.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://demo.istat.it/pop2013/index_e.html |title=Resident Population |work=Demo-Geodemo |publisher=[[National Institute of Statistics (Italy)|Istituto Nazionale di Statistica]] |access-date= 14 December 2016 }}</ref>
-* 2014 - {{illm|Filippo Nogarin|it}} becomes mayor.
+* 2014 - [[Filippo Nogarin]] becomes mayor.
+* 2015 - Population: 159,431<ref>[http://demo.istat.it/index.html Istat]</ref>
 * 2015 - 31 May: [[Tuscan regional election, 2015]] held.
+* 2019 - [[Luca Salvetti]] becomes mayor.
 ==See also==
-* {{illm|History of Livorno|it|Storia di Livorno}} and [[:it:Storia_di_Livorno#Cronologia_dei_principali_avvenimenti|Timeline]] (in Italian)
+* {{illm|History of Livorno|it|Storia di Livorno}} and [[:it:Storia di Livorno#Cronologia dei principali avvenimenti|Timeline]] (in Italian)
-* {{illm|List of mayors of Livorno|it|Sindaci di Livorno}}
+* [[List of mayors of Livorno]]
 * [[History of Tuscany]]
-Other cities in the [[Regions_of_Italy#Macroregions|macroregion]] of [[Central Italy]]:<sup>([[:it:Italia_centrale#Comuni_pi.C3.B9_popolosi|it]])</sup>
+Other cities in the [[Regions of Italy#Macroregions|macroregion]] of [[Central Italy]]:<sup>([[:it:Italia centrale#Comuni pi.C3.B9 popolosi|it]])</sup>
-* [[Timeline of Florence]], Tuscany region
+* [[Timeline of Ancona]], Marche region
+* [[Timeline of Arezzo]], Tuscany region
+* [[Timeline of Florence]], Tuscany
+* [[Timeline of Lucca]], Tuscany
 * [[Timeline of Perugia]], Umbria region
 * [[Timeline of Pisa]], Tuscany
+* [[Timeline of Pistoia]], Tuscany
+* [[Timeline of Prato]], Tuscany
 * [[Timeline of Rome]], Lazio region
 * [[Timeline of Siena]], Tuscany
@@ Line 93: / Line 108: @@
 ===in English===
-* {{Citation |publisher = Longmans, Green, and Co. |publication-place = London |author = [[John Ramsay McCulloch]] |others=Hugh G. Reid, ed. |title = A Dictionary, Practical, Theoretical, and Historical, of Commerce and Commercial Navigation |publication-date = 1877
+* {{Citation |publisher = Longmans, Green, and Co. |location = London |author = [[John Ramsay McCulloch]] |others=Hugh G. Reid, ed. |title = A Dictionary, Practical, Theoretical, and Historical, of Commerce and Commercial Navigation |date = 1877
 |chapter= Leghorn
-|chapterurl= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/njp.32101079877088?urlappend=%3Bseq=906
+|hdl = 2027/njp.32101079877088?urlappend=%3Bseq=906 |chapter-url= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/njp.32101079877088?urlappend=%3Bseq=906
 }}
-* {{citation |title=[[Jewish Encyclopedia]] |location=New York
+* {{citation |title=Jewish Encyclopedia |location=New York
 |chapter= Leghorn |volume=7 |year= 1904 |author= [[Ismar Elbogen]]
+|title-link=Jewish Encyclopedia
-|chapterurl= https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.49015002282250?urlappend=%3Bseq=688
+|hdl=2027/mdp.49015002282250?urlappend=%3Bseq=688
+|chapter-url= https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.49015002282250?urlappend=%3Bseq=688
 | ref = {{harvid|Elbogen|1904}}
 }}
+* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Leghorn |volume= 16 |last= Ashby |first= Thomas |author-link=Thomas Ashby (archaeologist)| pages = 377&ndash;378 |date=1910 |ref= {{harvid|Britannica|1910}} |short= 1}}
 * {{Citation
-| title = [[Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition|Encyclopaedia Britannica]]
+|publisher = Ward, Lock & Co. |location = London |title = Haydn's Dictionary of Dates |author = Benjamin Vincent |title-link = Haydn's Dictionary of Dates |edition = 25th
-| publication-place = New York
-| publication-date = 1910
+|date = 1910
+|chapter= Leghorn |hdl = 2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t41r6xh8t?urlappend=%3Bseq=835 |chapter-url= https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t41r6xh8t?urlappend=%3Bseq=835
-| edition=11th
-| oclc = 14782424
-| via=Internet Archive
-| chapter = Leghorn |author= [[Thomas Ashby]]
-| chapterurl = https://archive.org/stream/encyclopaediabri16chisrich#page/377/mode/1up
-| ref = {{harvid|Britannica|1910}}
-}}
-* {{Citation
-|publisher = Ward, Lock & Co. |publication-place = London |title = [[Haydn's Dictionary of Dates]] |author = Benjamin Vincent |edition = 25th
-|publication-date = 1910
-|chapter= Leghorn |chapterurl= https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t41r6xh8t?urlappend=%3Bseq=835
 |ref = {{harvid|Haydn|1910}}
 }}
@@ Line 127: / Line 134: @@
 ===in Italian===
+{{further ill|Bibliography of the history of Livorno|it|Storia di Livorno#Bibliografia}}
-* {{citation |title=Annali di Livorno |author=Giuseppe Vivoli |language=it |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tKEBAAAAQAAJ }} 1842-
+* {{citation |title=Annali di Livorno |author=Giuseppe Vivoli |year=1842 |language=it |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tKEBAAAAQAAJ }} 1842-
 * P. Volpi, Guida del Forestiere per la città e contorni di Livorno, 1846.
 * {{cite book |author=Giuseppe Piombanti |title= Guida storica ed artistica della città e dei dintorni di Livorno |language=it |location=Bologna |publisher=Forni |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=--RWAAAAYAAJ |year= 1903
 | ref = {{harvid|Piombanti|1903}}
 }}
 * P. Vigo, Livorno. Aspetti storici-artistici, Bergamo 1915.
-* {{citation |title= [[Enciclopedia Italiana]]
+* {{citation |title= Enciclopedia Italiana
+|title-link= Enciclopedia Italiana
 |year= 1934
-|chapterurl= http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/livorno_(Enciclopedia-Italiana)/
+|chapter-url= http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/livorno_(Enciclopedia-Italiana)/
 |chapter= Livorno
 }}
 * G. Nudi. Storia urbanistica di Livorno: Dalle origini al secolo XVI (Venice, 1959)
@@ Line 142: / Line 151: @@
 * A. Melosi, Resistenza, dopoguerra e ricostruzione a Livorno. 1944/48, S. Giovanni in Persiceto (Bo) 1984.
 * {{citation |author=D. Matteoni |series= Le città nella storia d'Italia |title= Livorno |language=it |year= 1985 }}
-* {{cite book|author= Tiziana Noce |title=Nella città degli uomini: donne e pratica della politica a Livorno fra guerra e ricostruzione|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZUBI7kK-NMwC |language=it |publisher= {{illm|Rubbettino Editore|it}} |location=[[Soveria Mannelli]] |isbn=978-88-498-0843-8 |year=2004
+* {{cite book|author= Tiziana Noce |title=Nella città degli uomini: donne e pratica della politica a Livorno fra guerra e ricostruzione|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZUBI7kK-NMwC |language=it |publisher= [[:it:Rubbettino Editore|Rubbettino Editore]] |location=[[Soveria Mannelli]] |isbn=978-88-498-0843-8 |year=2004
 | ref = {{harvid|Noce|2004}}
 }}
 * A. Santini, 400 anni di Livorno, Pisa 2006.
-* A. Prosperi (a cura di), Livorno 1606-1806. Luogo di incontro tra popoli e culture, Torino, Allemandi, 2009.
+* A. Prosperi (a cura di), Livorno 1606–1806. Luogo di incontro tra popoli e culture, Torino, Allemandi, 2009.
 {{refend}}
 ==External links==
-{{Commons category|Livorno}}
+{{Commons category|History of Livorno}}
 * {{citation |url=http://www.archiviodistatolivorno.beniculturali.it |title=Archivio di Stato di Livorno }} ([[List of State Archives of Italy|state archives]])
-* [http://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=Livorno+Italy&rows=96 Items related to Livorno], various dates (via [[Europeana]])
+* [https://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=Livorno+Italy&rows=96 Items related to Livorno], various dates (via [[Europeana]])
 * [http://dp.la/search?page_size=100&q=Livorno+Italy&utf8=✓ Items related to Livorno], various dates (via [[Digital Public Library of America]])
 {{Timelines of cities in Italy}}
 {{Years in Italy}}
 [[Category:Livorno]]
 [[Category:Timelines of cities in Italy|Livorno]]

v t e Timelines of cities in Italy
Northwest	Bergamo Brescia Cremona Genoa Mantua Milan Novara Pavia Turin
Northeast	Bologna Bolzano Ferrara Forlì Modena Padua Parma Piacenza Ravenna Reggio Emilia Rimini Trento Treviso Trieste Udine (it) Venice Verona Vicenza
Centre	Ancona Arezzo Florence Livorno Lucca Perugia Pisa Pistoia Prato Rome Siena
South	Bari Brindisi L'Aquila Naples Reggio Calabria Salerno Taranto
Islands	Cagliari Catania Messina Palermo Syracuse Trapani

v t e Years in Italy (1861–present)
19th century	Pre-1861 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900
20th century	1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
21st century	2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024