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Coordinates: 69°21′05″N 124°04′10″W / 69.35139°N 124.06944°W / 69.35139; -124.06944
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→Community: The community is nowhere near Letty Harbour, which is almost 60km away. The DEW site is also about 95km northWEST of Paulatuk. Finally, the current town site was not settled in the 20s.
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| elevation_m = 5
| elevation_m = 5
| coordinates = {{coord|69|21|05|N|124|04|10|W|type:city_scale:30000_region:CA-NT|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates = {{coord|69|21|05|N|124|04|10|W|type:city_scale:30000_region:CA-NT|display=inline,title}}
| population_as_of = 2016
| population_as_of = 2021
| population_footnotes = <ref name="2016census"/>
| population_footnotes = <ref name="2016census"/>
| population_total = 265
| population_total = 298
| population_density_km2 = 4.0
| population_density_km2 = 4.0
| timezone = [[Mountain Time Zone|MS]]
| timezone = [[Mountain Time Zone|MS]]
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}}
}}


'''Paulatuk'''{{Pronunciation-needed}} is a [[Hamlet (place)#Canada|hamlet]] located in the [[Inuvik Region]] of the [[Northwest Territories]], Canada. It is located adjacent to [[Darnley Bay]], in the [[Amundsen Gulf]]. The town was named for the coal that was found in the area in the 1920s, and the [[Siglitun]] spelling is ''Paulatuuq''{{Pronunciation-needed}}, "place of coal".<ref name="pwhc"/>
'''Paulatuk'''{{Pronunciation-needed}} is a [[Hamlet (place)#Canada|hamlet]] located in the [[Inuvik Region]] of the [[Northwest Territories]], Canada. It is located adjacent to [[Darnley Bay]], in the [[Amundsen Gulf]], and {{cvt|105|km}} east of the [[Smoking Hills]]. The town was named for the coal that was found in the area in the 1920s, and the [[Siglitun]] spelling is ''Paulatuuq''{{Pronunciation-needed}}, "place of coal".<ref name="pwhc"/>


The area has been inhabited by humans, including the [[Thule people|Thule]] and [[Copper Inuit]], since roughly 1000 CE. Most recently, it is part of the [[Inuvialuit Settlement Region]].<ref>Parks Canada. [http://www.pc.gc.ca/eng/pn-np/nt/tuktutnogait/natcul/natcul2.aspx “Tuktut Nogait National Park of Canada: History and Culture”], 14 November 2013. Retrieved 17 August 2015.</ref> Paulatuk was incorporated as a hamlet in 1987 and celebrated the 50th anniversary of its settlement in 2015.<ref>Bickford, Paul. [http://www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/2015-05/may25_15ann.html "Paulatuk to celebrate 50 years of local government"]{{Dead link|date=September 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, "[[Northern News Services]]", Paulatuk, 25 May 2015. Retrieved 17 August 2015.</ref>
The area has been inhabited by humans, including the [[Thule people|Thule]] and [[Copper Inuit]], since roughly 1000 CE. Most recently, it is part of the [[Inuvialuit Settlement Region]].<ref>Parks Canada. [http://www.pc.gc.ca/eng/pn-np/nt/tuktutnogait/natcul/natcul2.aspx “Tuktut Nogait National Park of Canada: History and Culture”], 14 November 2013. Retrieved 17 August 2015.</ref> Paulatuk was incorporated as a hamlet in 1987 and celebrated the 50th anniversary of its settlement in 2015.<ref>Bickford, Paul. [http://www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/2015-05/may25_15ann.html "Paulatuk to celebrate 50 years of local government"]{{Dead link|date=September 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, "[[Northern News Services]]", Paulatuk, 25 May 2015. Retrieved 17 August 2015.</ref>
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}}}}
}}}}


In the [[2021 Canadian census|2021 Census of Population]] conducted by [[Statistics Canada]], Paulatuk had a population of {{val|298|fmt=commas}} living in {{val|81|fmt=commas}} of its {{val|100|fmt=commas}} total private dwellings, a change of {{percentage|{{#expr:298-265}}|265|1}} from its 2016 population of {{val|265|fmt=commas}}. With a land area of {{convert|63.58|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}, it had a population density of {{Pop density|298|63.58|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} in 2021.<ref name=2021census>{{cite web | url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810000202&geocode=A000261 | title=Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), Northwest Territories | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=February 9, 2022 | accessdate=February 18, 2022}}</ref>
In the [[2021 Canadian census]] conducted by [[Statistics Canada]], Paulatuk had a population of {{val|298|fmt=commas}} living in {{val|81|fmt=commas}} of its {{val|100|fmt=commas}} total private dwellings, a change of {{percentage|{{#expr:298-265}}|265|1}} from its 2016 population of {{val|265|fmt=commas}}. With a land area of {{convert|63.58|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}, it had a population density of {{Pop density|298|63.58|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} in 2021.<ref name=2021census>{{cite web | url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810000202&geocode=A000261 | title=Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), Northwest Territories | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=February 9, 2022 | accessdate=February 18, 2022}}</ref>


In the 2016 census 235 people were listed as [[Indigenous peoples in Canada|Indigenous]] and all were [[Inuit]] ([[Inuvialuit]]). The two principal languages spoken in Paulatuk are [[Inuinnaqtun]] ([[Inuvialuktun]]) and [[English language|English]].<ref name="2016census"/>
In the 2016 census 235 people were listed as [[Indigenous peoples in Canada|Indigenous]] and all were [[Inuit]] ([[Inuvialuit]]). The two principal languages spoken in Paulatuk are [[Inuinnaqtun]] ([[Inuvialuktun]]) and [[English language|English]].<ref name="2016census"/>
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[[Hunting]], [[fishing]] and [[trapping]] are major economic activities, but in recent years art printmaking has played an increasing role in the local economy.<ref name="LEDG"/>
[[Hunting]], [[fishing]] and [[trapping]] are major economic activities, but in recent years art printmaking has played an increasing role in the local economy.<ref name="LEDG"/>


The [[Smoking Hills]] which are about {{Convert|105|km|abbr=on}} west on the shores of the [[Arctic Ocean]] are a scientifically interesting object, since they are diminishing the [[pH]] value of the water areas. So the buffer effect has completely disappeared. Located to the east of the community is [[Tuktut Nogait National Park]] and [[Parks Canada]] has an office in the community.<ref name="phone"/>
The [[Smoking Hills]] which are about {{cvt|105|km}} west on the shores of the [[Arctic Ocean]] are a scientifically interesting object, since they are diminishing the [[pH]] value of the water areas. So the buffer effect has completely disappeared. Located to the east of the community is [[Tuktut Nogait National Park]] and [[Parks Canada]] has an office in the community.<ref name="phone"/>


==Notable residents==
==Notable residents==
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{{Quote|I clearly remember when this took place—my mother sitting with my older brother and sister, David and Martha, just before they left for the Mission school in Aklavik. David was five years old at the time and Martha was only a little older. It was a scene that was repeated later on when my other brothers and I were sent off to residential school. But this time, it was sadder for my mother, because it would be three years that David and Martha would be gone. They left in 1955 and we didn’t see them again until the latter part of 1958. Those three years had a permanent impact on my brother’s life."<ref>Ruben, Abraham Anghik. [http://www.abrahamruben.com/artwork/the-last-goodbye/] Retrieved 17 August 2015</ref>}}
{{Quote|I clearly remember when this took place—my mother sitting with my older brother and sister, David and Martha, just before they left for the Mission school in Aklavik. David was five years old at the time and Martha was only a little older. It was a scene that was repeated later on when my other brothers and I were sent off to residential school. But this time, it was sadder for my mother, because it would be three years that David and Martha would be gone. They left in 1955 and we didn’t see them again until the latter part of 1958. Those three years had a permanent impact on my brother’s life."<ref>Ruben, Abraham Anghik. [http://www.abrahamruben.com/artwork/the-last-goodbye/] Retrieved 17 August 2015</ref>}}
Abraham Anghik Ruben became an Officer in the [[Order of Canada]] on November 17, 2016 for his artistic contributions as a sculptor and for his preservation of northern heritage.
Ruben became an Officer in the [[Order of Canada]] on November 17, 2016 for his artistic contributions as a sculptor and for his preservation of northern heritage.


====David Ruben Piqtoukun====
====David Ruben Piqtoukun====
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Services include a two-member [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police]] detachment and a [[Community health center|health centre]] with two [[Nursing|nurses]].<ref name="infra">[http://www.statsnwt.ca/community-data/Infrastructure%20PDF/Paulatuk_In.pdf Infrastructure]</ref> Phone services are provided by [[Northwestel]] with Internet by [[SSI Micro]] and their AirWare service.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.airware.ca/?page_id=6 |title=AirWare |access-date=2008-03-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080129235450/http://www.airware.ca/?page_id=6 |archive-date=2008-01-29 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
Services include a two-member [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police]] detachment and a [[Community health center|health centre]] with two [[Nursing|nurses]].<ref name="infra">[http://www.statsnwt.ca/community-data/Infrastructure%20PDF/Paulatuk_In.pdf Infrastructure]</ref> Phone services are provided by [[Northwestel]] with Internet by [[SSI Micro]] and their AirWare service.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.airware.ca/?page_id=6 |title=AirWare |access-date=2008-03-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080129235450/http://www.airware.ca/?page_id=6 |archive-date=2008-01-29 |url-status=dead }}</ref>


The community is part of the [[Beaufort Delta Education Council]]<ref>[http://www.bdec.nt.ca/ BEDC]</ref> and schooling is available up to [[Twelfth grade|Grade 12]] at the Angik School.<ref name="LEDG"/><ref>[http://www.bdec.nt.ca/bsite/angik/ Angik School]{{dead link|date=March 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> There is also a community learning centre operated by [[Aurora College]].<ref name="LEDG"/><ref name="phone"/>
The community is part of the [[Beaufort Delta Divisional Education Council]]<ref>[http://www.bdec.nt.ca/ BEDC]</ref> and schooling is available up to [[Twelfth grade|Grade 12]] at the Angik School.<ref name="LEDG"/><ref>[http://www.bdec.nt.ca/bsite/angik/ Angik School]{{dead link|date=March 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> There is also a community learning centre operated by [[Aurora College]].<ref name="LEDG"/><ref name="phone"/>


The community is not accessible by road but there is an airport, [[Paulatuk (Nora Aliqatchialuk Ruben) Airport]], and flights into the community are provided by [[Aklak Air]] from [[Inuvik]] three times a week.<ref>[http://www.aklakair.ca/scheds/AklakAir_Winter_Schedule.pdf Aklak Air schedule] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080411063836/http://www.aklakair.ca/scheds/AklakAir_Winter_Schedule.pdf |date=2008-04-11 }}</ref> In the summer [[floatplane]]s can use the [[Paulatuk Water Aerodrome]] and an annual [[sealift]] is provided by [[Northern Transportation Company|Northern Transportation Company Limited]] from [[Hay River, Northwest Territories|Hay River]].<ref>[http://www.ntcl.com/pdf/2008-Sailing-Schedule.pdf 2008 sailing schedule] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080411063836/http://www.ntcl.com/pdf/2008-Sailing-Schedule.pdf |date=2008-04-11 }}</ref>
The community is not accessible by road but there is an airport, [[Paulatuk (Nora Aliqatchialuk Ruben) Airport]], and flights into the community are provided by [[Aklak Air]] from [[Inuvik]] three times a week.<ref>[http://www.aklakair.ca/scheds/AklakAir_Winter_Schedule.pdf Aklak Air schedule] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080411063836/http://www.aklakair.ca/scheds/AklakAir_Winter_Schedule.pdf |date=2008-04-11 }}</ref> In the summer [[floatplane]]s can use the [[Paulatuk Water Aerodrome]] and an annual [[sealift]] is provided by [[Northern Transportation Company|Northern Transportation Company Limited]] from [[Hay River, Northwest Territories|Hay River]].<ref>[http://www.ntcl.com/pdf/2008-Sailing-Schedule.pdf 2008 sailing schedule] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080411063836/http://www.ntcl.com/pdf/2008-Sailing-Schedule.pdf |date=2008-04-11 }}</ref>


==Climate==
==Climate==
Paulatuk has a [[subarctic climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Dfc]]), narrowly avoiding being a [[Tundra|tundra climate]] (ET) due to July having an average temperature above {{convert|10|C}}. Rainfall is in limited amounts and confined to the months of June - September because all other months don't have an average temperature above freezing, which would be warm enough for rain.
Paulatuk has a [[subarctic climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Dfc]]), narrowly avoiding being a [[Tundra|tundra climate]] (ET) due to July having an average temperature above {{convert|10|C}}. Rainfall is in limited amounts and confined to the months of June through September, the only months the average temperature remains above freezing.
{{Weather box
{{Weather box

|metric first= Y
|metric first= Y
|single line = Y
|single line = Y
|location= [[Paulatuk (Nora Aliqatchialuk Ruben) Airport]]
|location= Paulatuk ([[Paulatuk (Nora Aliqatchialuk Ruben) Airport|Nora Aliqatchialuk Ruben Airport]]), 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1985−present
|Jan maximum humidex= -1.4
|Jan maximum humidex = 3.2
|Feb maximum humidex= -3.0
|Feb maximum humidex = 13.7
|Mar maximum humidex= -0.7
|Mar maximum humidex = -0.3
|Apr maximum humidex= 9.4
|Apr maximum humidex = 10.4
|May maximum humidex= 21.8
|May maximum humidex = 21.8
|Jun maximum humidex= 29.8
|Jun maximum humidex = 30.1
|Jul maximum humidex= 33.4
|Jul maximum humidex = 33.6
|Aug maximum humidex= 29.1
|Aug maximum humidex = 31.7
|Sep maximum humidex= 22.7
|Sep maximum humidex = 23.4
|Oct maximum humidex= 15.5
|Oct maximum humidex = 14.9
|Nov maximum humidex= 3.2
|Nov maximum humidex = 6.6
|Dec maximum humidex= 1.3
|Dec maximum humidex = 1.9
|year maximum humidex= 33.4
|year maximum humidex = 33.6
|Jan record high C= -0.9
|Jan record high C = 4.0
|Feb record high C= -1.6
|Feb record high C = -2.6
|Mar record high C= 0.5
|Mar record high C = 1.4
|Apr record high C= 10.5
|Apr record high C = 11.5
|May record high C= 18.0
|May record high C = 23.1
|Jun record high C= 27.5
|Jun record high C = 29.5
|Jul record high C= 30.3
|Jul record high C = 30.2
|Aug record high C= 30.0
|Aug record high C = 31.0
|Sep record high C= 22.3
|Sep record high C = 20.7
|Oct record high C= 16.5
|Oct record high C = 16.2
|Nov record high C= 7.6
|Nov record high C = 7.6
|Dec record high C= -1.5
|Dec record high C = 3.0
|year record high C= 30.3
|year record high C = 31.0
|Jan high C= -21.8
|Jan high C = -21.0
|Feb high C= -22.2
|Feb high C = -21.4
|Mar high C= -19.2
|Mar high C = -18.9
|Apr high C= -9.4
|Apr high C = -9.7
|May high C= 0.0
|May high C = 1.1
|Jun high C= 10.3
|Jun high C = 9.8
|Jul high C= 14.4
|Jul high C = 14.2
|Aug high C= 12.2
|Aug high C = 12.2
|Sep high C= 6.0
|Sep high C = 6.0
|Oct high C= -3.3
|Oct high C = -2.7
|Nov high C= -14.4
|Nov high C = -12.2
|Dec high C= -18.3
|Dec high C = -18.8
|year high C= -5.5
|year high C = -5.1
|Jan mean C= -25.6
|Jan mean C = -24.7
|Feb mean C= -26.2
|Feb mean C = -25.2
|Mar mean C= -23.5
|Mar mean C = -23.3
|Apr mean C= -14.3
|Apr mean C = -14.5
|May mean C= -3.9
|May mean C = -2.8
|Jun mean C= 5.9
|Jun mean C = 5.6
|Jul mean C= 10.1
|Jul mean C = 10.3
|Aug mean C= 8.7
|Aug mean C = 9.0
|Sep mean C= 3.3
|Sep mean C = 3.5
|Oct mean C= -6.0
|Oct mean C = -5.2
|Nov mean C= -17.9
|Nov mean C = -15.6
|Dec mean C= -22.0
|Dec mean C = -22.3
|year mean C= -9.3
|year mean C = -8.8
|Jan low C= -29.3
|Jan low C = -28.3
|Feb low C= -30.0
|Feb low C = -29.0
|Mar low C= -27.7
|Mar low C = -27.6
|Apr low C= -19.1
|Apr low C = -19.2
|May low C= -7.7
|May low C = -6.6
|Jun low C= 1.5
|Jun low C = 1.5
|Jul low C= 5.7
|Jul low C = 6.4
|Aug low C= 5.1
|Aug low C = 5.7
|Sep low C= 0.7
|Sep low C = 0.9
|Oct low C= -8.6
|Oct low C = -7.6
|Nov low C= -21.3
|Nov low C = -18.8
|Dec low C= -25.7
|Dec low C = -25.9
|year low C= -13.0
|year low C = -12.4
|Jan record low C= -42.0
|Jan record low C = -42.0
|Feb record low C= -44.4
|Feb record low C = -44.1
|Mar record low C= -46.9
|Mar record low C = -47.4
|Apr record low C= -36.8
|Apr record low C = -36.8
|May record low C= -31.0
|May record low C = -28.7
|Jun record low C= -6.4
|Jun record low C = -6.2
|Jul record low C= -3.0
|Jul record low C = -2.0
|Aug record low C= -3.2
|Aug record low C = -3.2
|Sep record low C= -11.0
|Sep record low C = -11.0
|Oct record low C= -34.1
|Oct record low C = -34.1
|Nov record low C= -37.5
|Nov record low C = -37.5
|Dec record low C= -38.7
|Dec record low C = -42.6
|year record low C= -46.9
|year record low C = -47.4
|Jan chill= -57.0
|Jan chill = -55.5
|Feb chill= -56.7
|Feb chill = -56.6
|Mar chill= -58.9
|Mar chill = -59.6
|Apr chill= -45.7
|Apr chill = -48.2
|May chill= -35.9
|May chill = -35.6
|Jun chill= -11.4
|Jun chill = -12.0
|Jul chill= -6.7
|Jul chill = -6.6
|Aug chill= -7.9
|Aug chill = -9.5
|Sep chill= -18.5
|Sep chill = -20.0
|Oct chill= -50.4
|Oct chill = -49.9
|Nov chill= -48.6
|Nov chill = -48.6
|Dec chill= -53.1
|Dec chill = -49.9
|year chill= -58.9
|year chill = -59.6
|precipitation colour = green
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm= 12.0
|Jan precipitation mm = 14.2
|Feb precipitation mm= 10.3
|Feb precipitation mm = 13.8
|Mar precipitation mm= 13.3
|Mar precipitation mm = 16.8
|Apr precipitation mm= 9.5
|Apr precipitation mm = 14.8
|May precipitation mm= 14.4
|May precipitation mm = 12.9
|Jun precipitation mm= 14.3
|Jun precipitation mm = 18.8
|Jul precipitation mm= 21.9
|Jul precipitation mm = 25.2
|Aug precipitation mm= 34.5
|Aug precipitation mm = 35.4
|Sep precipitation mm= 24.7
|Sep precipitation mm = 25.0
|Oct precipitation mm= 25.4
|Oct precipitation mm = 22.5
|Nov precipitation mm= 18.1
|Nov precipitation mm = 15.1
|Dec precipitation mm= 14.4
|Dec precipitation mm = 12.6
|year precipitation mm= 212.9
|year precipitation mm = 227.0
|rain colour=green
|rain colour = green
|Jan rain mm= 0.0
|Jan rain mm = 0.0
|Feb rain mm= 0.0
|Feb rain mm = 0.0
|Mar rain mm= 0.0
|Mar rain mm = 0.0
|Apr rain mm= 0.0
|Apr rain mm = 0.0
|May rain mm= 3.1
|May rain mm = 3.1
|Jun rain mm= 13.6
|Jun rain mm = 13.6
|Jul rain mm= 21.9
|Jul rain mm = 21.9
|Aug rain mm= 34.1
|Aug rain mm = 34.1
|Sep rain mm= 18.7
|Sep rain mm = 18.7
|Oct rain mm= 1.4
|Oct rain mm = 1.4
|Nov rain mm= 0.1
|Nov rain mm = 0.1
|Dec rain mm= 0.0
|Dec rain mm = 0.0
|year rain mm= 92.9
|year rain mm = 92.9
|snow colour = green
|snow colour = green
|Jan snow cm= 14.2
|Jan snow cm = 14.2
|Feb snow cm= 10.7
|Feb snow cm = 10.7
|Mar snow cm= 15.5
|Mar snow cm = 15.5
|Apr snow cm= 11.3
|Apr snow cm = 11.3
|May snow cm= 11.5
|May snow cm = 11.5
|Jun snow cm= 0.7
|Jun snow cm = 0.7
|Jul snow cm= 0.0
|Jul snow cm = 0.0
|Aug snow cm= 0.4
|Aug snow cm = 0.4
|Sep snow cm= 6.1
|Sep snow cm = 6.1
|Oct snow cm= 25.1
|Oct snow cm = 25.1
|Nov snow cm= 19.3
|Nov snow cm = 19.3
|Dec snow cm= 17.1
|Dec snow cm = 17.1
|year snow cm= 131.8
|year snow cm = 131.8
|time day = 3pm
⚫
|humidity colour= green
|Jan humidity= 79.5
|humidity colour = green
|Feb humidity= 77.0
|Jan humidity = 78.1
|Mar humidity= 80.5
|Feb humidity = 75.9
|Apr humidity= 85.3
|Mar humidity = 72.8
|May humidity= 88.9
|Apr humidity = 71.1
|Jun humidity= 86.0
|May humidity = 75.4
|Jul humidity= 69.9
|Jun humidity = 75.5
|Aug humidity= 78.6
|Jul humidity = 72.8
|Sep humidity= 79.6
|Aug humidity = 76.5
|Oct humidity= 82.5
|Sep humidity = 78.3
|Nov humidity= 80.2
|Oct humidity = 82.5
|Dec humidity= 76.9
|Nov humidity = 83.1
|year humidity= 78.0
|Dec humidity = 80.2
⚫
|year humidity = 76.8
|unit precipitation days= 0.2 mm
|Jan precipitation days= 8.9
|unit precipitation days = 0.2 mm
|Feb precipitation days= 7.7
|Jan precipitation days = 11.4
|Mar precipitation days= 8.7
|Feb precipitation days = 10.8
|Apr precipitation days= 6.8
|Mar precipitation days = 11.2
|May precipitation days= 7.5
|Apr precipitation days = 9.0
|Jun precipitation days= 6.7
|May precipitation days = 7.9
|Jul precipitation days= 8.6
|Jun precipitation days = 8.7
|Aug precipitation days= 13.1
|Jul precipitation days = 11.0
|Sep precipitation days= 11.4
|Aug precipitation days = 14.2
|Oct precipitation days= 12.1
|Sep precipitation days = 13.3
|Nov precipitation days= 10.8
|Oct precipitation days = 13.1
|Dec precipitation days= 9.5
|Nov precipitation days = 11.6
|year precipitation days= 111.5
|Dec precipitation days = 12.0
|unit rain days= 0.2 mm
|year precipitation days = 134.0
|Jan rain days= 0.0
|unit rain days = 0.2 mm
|Feb rain days= 0.0
|Jan rain days = 0.0
|Mar rain days= 0.0
|Feb rain days = 0.0
|Apr rain days= 0.0
|Mar rain days = 0.0
|May rain days= 1.4
|Apr rain days = 0.0
|Jun rain days= 6.3
|May rain days = 1.4
|Jul rain days= 8.6
|Jun rain days = 6.3
|Aug rain days= 12.9
|Jul rain days = 8.6
|Sep rain days= 8.4
|Aug rain days = 12.9
|Oct rain days= 0.8
|Sep rain days = 8.4
|Nov rain days= 0.1
|Oct rain days = 0.8
|Dec rain days= 0.0
|Nov rain days = 0.1
|year rain days= 38.4
|Dec rain days = 0.0
|unit snow days= 0.2 cm
|year rain days = 38.4
|Jan snow days= 8.9
|unit snow days = 0.2 cm
|Feb snow days= 7.7
|Jan snow days = 8.9
|Mar snow days= 8.7
|Feb snow days = 7.7
|Apr snow days= 6.8
|Mar snow days = 8.7
|May snow days= 6.2
|Apr snow days = 6.8
|Jun snow days= 0.7
|May snow days = 6.2
|Jul snow days= 0.0
|Jun snow days = 0.7
|Aug snow days= 0.6
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days= 3.4
|Aug snow days = 0.6
|Oct snow days= 11.6
|Sep snow days = 3.4
|Nov snow days= 10.9
|Oct snow days = 11.6
|Dec snow days= 9.7
|Nov snow days = 10.9
|year snow days= 75.0
|Dec snow days = 9.7
|year snow days = 75.0
⚫
|source 1= [[Environment Canada]] Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010<ref name= "ccn">{{cite web | publisher = [[Environment Canada]] | url = ftp://ftp.tor.ec.gc.ca/Pub/Normals/English/NWT/NWT_AKLA-YELL_ENG.csv | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200313102709/ftp://ftp.tor.ec.gc.ca/Pub/Normals/English/NWT/NWT_AKLA-YELL_ENG.csv | url-status = dead | archive-date = 2020-03-13 | format= CSV (3069 KB)| id = Climate ID: 2203057 |title = Paulatuk A | work = Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010 | access-date = 2014-01-09}}</ref>
|source 1= [[Environment Canada]]<ref name=ccnCYFB2020>{{cite web
|publisher = [[Environment and Climate Change Canada]]
|url = https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1991_2020_e.html?searchType=stnProv&lstProvince=NT&txtCentralLatMin=0&txtCentralLatSec=0&txtCentralLongMin=0&txtCentralLongSec=0&stnID=412000000&dispBack=0
|title = Paulatuk (composite station threads)
|work = Canadian Climate Normals 1991-2020 Data
|access-date = 11 April 2024
|url-status = live
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240411093908/https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1991_2020_e.html?searchType=stnProv&lstProvince=NT&txtCentralLatMin=0&txtCentralLatSec=0&txtCentralLongMin=0&txtCentralLongSec=0&stnID=412000000&dispBack=0
⚫
|archive-date = 11 April 2024}}</ref> (rain/rain days, snow/snow days 1981–2010)<ref name= "ccn">{{cite web | publisher = [[Environment Canada]] | url = ftp://ftp.tor.ec.gc.ca/Pub/Normals/English/NWT/NWT_AKLA-YELL_ENG.csv | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200313102709/ftp://ftp.tor.ec.gc.ca/Pub/Normals/English/NWT/NWT_AKLA-YELL_ENG.csv | url-status = dead | archive-date = 2020-03-13 | format= CSV (3069 KB)| id = Climate ID: 2203057 |title = Paulatuk A | work = Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010 | access-date = 2014-01-09}}</ref>
}}
}}


Latest revision as of 05:18, 9 August 2024

Paulatuk
Paulatuuq
Hamlet
The hamlet of Paulatuk in May
The hamlet of Paulatuk in May
Paulatuk is located in Northwest Territories
Paulatuk
Paulatuk
Paulatuk is located in Canada
Paulatuk
Paulatuk
Coordinates: 69°21′05″N 124°04′10″W / 69.35139°N 124.06944°W / 69.35139; -124.06944
CountryCanada
TerritoryNorthwest Territories
RegionInuvik Region
ConstituencyNunakput
Census divisionRegion 1
Incorporated (hamlet)1 April 1987
Government
 • MayorRay Ruben Sr.
 • Senior Administrative OfficerJohn Holland
 • MLAJackie Jacobson
Area
[1]
 • Land66.86 km2 (25.81 sq mi)
Elevation
5 m (16 ft)
Population
 (2021)[1]
 • Total
298
 • Density4.0/km2 (10/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC−07:00 (MS)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−06:00 (MDT)
Canadian Postal code
X0E 1N0
Area code867
Telephone exchange580
- Living cost177.5A
- Food price index195.9B
Sources:
Department of Municipal and Community Affairs,[2]
Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre,[3]
Canada Flight Supplement[4]
^A 2009 figure based on Edmonton = 100[5]
^B 2010 figure based on Yellowknife = 100[5]

Paulatuk[pronunciation?] is a hamlet located in the Inuvik Region of the Northwest Territories, Canada. It is located adjacent to Darnley Bay, in the Amundsen Gulf, and 105 km (65 mi) east of the Smoking Hills. The town was named for the coal that was found in the area in the 1920s, and the Siglitun spelling is Paulatuuq[pronunciation?], "place of coal".[3]

The area has been inhabited by humans, including the Thule and Copper Inuit, since roughly 1000 CE. Most recently, it is part of the Inuvialuit Settlement Region.[6] Paulatuk was incorporated as a hamlet in 1987 and celebrated the 50th anniversary of its settlement in 2015.[7]

Demographics

[edit]
Federal census population history of Paulatuk
YearPop.±%
1976128—    
1981174+35.9%
1986193+10.9%
1991255+32.1%
1996277+8.6%
2001286+3.2%
2006294+2.8%
2011313+6.5%
2016265−15.3%
2021298+12.5%
Source: Statistics Canada
[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][1][15]
Annual population estimates
YearPop.±%
1996297—    
1997296−0.3%
1998304+2.7%
1999300−1.3%
2000311+3.7%
2001320+2.9%
2002315−1.6%
2003326+3.5%
2004308−5.5%
2005306−0.6%
2006303−1.0%
YearPop.±%
2007309+2.0%
2008306−1.0%
2009309+1.0%
2010323+4.5%
2011322−0.3%
2012314−2.5%
2013313−0.3%
2014308−1.6%
2015313+1.6%
2016312−0.3%
2017312+0.0%
Sources: NWT Bureau of Statistics (2001 - 2017)[16]

In the 2021 Canadian census conducted by Statistics Canada, Paulatuk had a population of 298 living in 81 of its 100 total private dwellings, a change of 12.5% from its 2016 population of 265. With a land area of 63.58 km2 (24.55 sq mi), it had a population density of 4.7/km2 (12.1/sq mi) in 2021.[15]

In the 2016 census 235 people were listed as Indigenous and all were Inuit (Inuvialuit). The two principal languages spoken in Paulatuk are Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) and English.[1]

Community

[edit]
View down the Paulatuk Airport runway

European settlement began when the Roman Catholic Church opened a trading post. In the 1950s a Distant Early Warning Line site was built about 95 km (59 mi) to the northwest at Cape Parry, on the Parry Peninsula, providing a wage-based income for the community. The trading post was taken over by the local co-op and today the local store is part of The North West Company.[17][18]

Hunting, fishing and trapping are major economic activities, but in recent years art printmaking has played an increasing role in the local economy.[17]

The Smoking Hills which are about 105 km (65 mi) west on the shores of the Arctic Ocean are a scientifically interesting object, since they are diminishing the pH value of the water areas. So the buffer effect has completely disappeared. Located to the east of the community is Tuktut Nogait National Park and Parks Canada has an office in the community.[18]

Notable residents

[edit]

Artists

[edit]

Paulatuk's Inuit artists are known across Canada and around the world for dance, music, sculptures, prints, and drawings.

Floyd Kuptana

[edit]

Floyd Kuptana was born in 1964. He studied under David Ruben Piqtoukun and began solo work in 1992. He is a carver, sculptor, and painter.[19]

Robert Kuptana

[edit]

Robert Kuptana was born in 1962. A carver since his youth, he studied under his brother Floyd and began professional work in 1998.[20]

The Paulatuk Moonlight Dancers

[edit]

The Paulatuk Moonlight Dancers are a group of traditional Inuvialuit dancers. They have performed in Canada, the United States, Greenland, and Germany, and are led by Michael “Nolan” Green. Green also served as a hamlet councillor and received a Canada Youth Award in 2002.[21]

Abraham Anghik Ruben

[edit]

Abraham Anghik Ruben was born south of Paulatuk in 1951 and lived on the land with his family until he was eight years old. He currently lives on Salt Spring Island.[22]

His 2001 sculpture The Last Goodbye reflects Ruben and his brothers' experiences of being separated from their family by Canada's residential school system. Ruben writes,

I clearly remember when this took place—my mother sitting with my older brother and sister, David and Martha, just before they left for the Mission school in Aklavik. David was five years old at the time and Martha was only a little older. It was a scene that was repeated later on when my other brothers and I were sent off to residential school. But this time, it was sadder for my mother, because it would be three years that David and Martha would be gone. They left in 1955 and we didn’t see them again until the latter part of 1958. Those three years had a permanent impact on my brother’s life."[23]

Ruben became an Officer in the Order of Canada on November 17, 2016 for his artistic contributions as a sculptor and for his preservation of northern heritage.

David Ruben Piqtoukun

[edit]

David Ruben Piqtoukun was born in Paulatuk in 1950. A sculptor and print artist, he is also brother to Abraham Anghik Ruben and was a mentor to Floyd Kuptana.[19]

Mayors

[edit]

A mayor has led the hamlet since its incorporation in 1987, when the first mayor, Garrett Ruben, was elected. Ruben was also a community leader before incorporation. As a young man he worked near the Distant Early Warning (DEW) Line site at Cape Parry, but the area was isolated and far from traditional hunting grounds. After leaving this work, he negotiated for the community locally and in the south and became Settlement Chair prior to serving as mayor. Ruben died in 2007 at the age of 72. The hamlet has formally recognized him for his 24 years of service. Ray Ruben, the sixth and current mayor, is his son.[24]

Other figures

[edit]

Anny Illasiak

[edit]

Paulatuk elder Anny Illasiak, also known as Granny Uma, died in 2012 at the age of 74. A resident of Paulatuk since the 1970s, Illasiak was a leader in training children and young people to live on the land. She also organized a community sewing group, teaching others to make traditional clothing and creating tapestries herself, and volunteered as a cook with the Paulatuk Community Kitchen. She served as the Aboriginal language teacher for the Paulatuk Aboriginal Headstart Program for 10 years and continued to assist with the program after her retirement.[25]

Elizabeth Kuptana

[edit]

Elizabeth "Liz" Kuptana, recipient of the Wallace Goose Award (given to those who have “shown beyond a shadow of a doubt, that he or she has unselfishly dedicated time, effort, and sometimes blood, sweat, and tears for the advancement and benefit of all Inuvialuit”) is a Paulatuk elder, teacher, and storyteller. She teaches children and youth about Inuvialuit culture and language as well as the history of the Inuvialuit Final Agreement.[26] She was awarded the Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal in 2013.[27]

The Paulatuuq Oral History Project

[edit]

Paulatuuq Oral History Project: Elders Share Their Stories was published in 2004.[28] Eight community elders, including Edward Ruben and Mary Evik Ruben, contributed to this record of the hamlet's oral history, completing interviews transcribed by Cathy Cockney.[29]

Services

[edit]

Services include a two-member Royal Canadian Mounted Police detachment and a health centre with two nurses.[30] Phone services are provided by Northwestel with Internet by SSI Micro and their AirWare service.[31]

The community is part of the Beaufort Delta Divisional Education Council[32] and schooling is available up to Grade 12 at the Angik School.[17][33] There is also a community learning centre operated by Aurora College.[17][18]

The community is not accessible by road but there is an airport, Paulatuk (Nora Aliqatchialuk Ruben) Airport, and flights into the community are provided by Aklak Air from Inuvik three times a week.[34] In the summer floatplanes can use the Paulatuk Water Aerodrome and an annual sealift is provided by Northern Transportation Company Limited from Hay River.[35]

Climate

[edit]

Paulatuk has a subarctic climate (Dfc), narrowly avoiding being a tundra climate (ET) due to July having an average temperature above 10 °C (50 °F). Rainfall is in limited amounts and confined to the months of June through September, the only months the average temperature remains above freezing.

Climate data for Paulatuk (Nora Aliqatchialuk Ruben Airport), 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1985−present
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high humidex 3.2 13.7 −0.3 10.4 21.8 30.1 33.6 31.7 23.4 14.9 6.6 1.9 33.6
Record high °C (°F) 4.0
(39.2) 		−2.6
(27.3) 		1.4
(34.5) 		11.5
(52.7) 		23.1
(73.6) 		29.5
(85.1) 		30.2
(86.4) 		31.0
(87.8) 		20.7
(69.3) 		16.2
(61.2) 		7.6
(45.7) 		3.0
(37.4) 		31.0
(87.8)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) −21.0
(−5.8) 		−21.4
(−6.5) 		−18.9
(−2.0) 		−9.7
(14.5) 		1.1
(34.0) 		9.8
(49.6) 		14.2
(57.6) 		12.2
(54.0) 		6.0
(42.8) 		−2.7
(27.1) 		−12.2
(10.0) 		−18.8
(−1.8) 		−5.1
(22.8)
Daily mean °C (°F) −24.7
(−12.5) 		−25.2
(−13.4) 		−23.3
(−9.9) 		−14.5
(5.9) 		−2.8
(27.0) 		5.6
(42.1) 		10.3
(50.5) 		9.0
(48.2) 		3.5
(38.3) 		−5.2
(22.6) 		−15.6
(3.9) 		−22.3
(−8.1) 		−8.8
(16.2)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −28.3
(−18.9) 		−29.0
(−20.2) 		−27.6
(−17.7) 		−19.2
(−2.6) 		−6.6
(20.1) 		1.5
(34.7) 		6.4
(43.5) 		5.7
(42.3) 		0.9
(33.6) 		−7.6
(18.3) 		−18.8
(−1.8) 		−25.9
(−14.6) 		−12.4
(9.7)
Record low °C (°F) −42.0
(−43.6) 		−44.1
(−47.4) 		−47.4
(−53.3) 		−36.8
(−34.2) 		−28.7
(−19.7) 		−6.2
(20.8) 		−2.0
(28.4) 		−3.2
(26.2) 		−11.0
(12.2) 		−34.1
(−29.4) 		−37.5
(−35.5) 		−42.6
(−44.7) 		−47.4
(−53.3)
Record low wind chill −55.5 −56.6 −59.6 −48.2 −35.6 −12.0 −6.6 −9.5 −20.0 −49.9 −48.6 −49.9 −59.6
Average precipitation mm (inches) 14.2
(0.56) 		13.8
(0.54) 		16.8
(0.66) 		14.8
(0.58) 		12.9
(0.51) 		18.8
(0.74) 		25.2
(0.99) 		35.4
(1.39) 		25.0
(0.98) 		22.5
(0.89) 		15.1
(0.59) 		12.6
(0.50) 		227.0
(8.94)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		3.1
(0.12) 		13.6
(0.54) 		21.9
(0.86) 		34.1
(1.34) 		18.7
(0.74) 		1.4
(0.06) 		0.1
(0.00) 		0.0
(0.0) 		92.9
(3.66)
Average snowfall cm (inches) 14.2
(5.6) 		10.7
(4.2) 		15.5
(6.1) 		11.3
(4.4) 		11.5
(4.5) 		0.7
(0.3) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.4
(0.2) 		6.1
(2.4) 		25.1
(9.9) 		19.3
(7.6) 		17.1
(6.7) 		131.8
(51.9)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) 11.4 10.8 11.2 9.0 7.9 8.7 11.0 14.2 13.3 13.1 11.6 12.0 134.0
Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.4 6.3 8.6 12.9 8.4 0.8 0.1 0.0 38.4
Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) 8.9 7.7 8.7 6.8 6.2 0.7 0.0 0.6 3.4 11.6 10.9 9.7 75.0
Average relative humidity (%) (at 3pm) 78.1 75.9 72.8 71.1 75.4 75.5 72.8 76.5 78.3 82.5 83.1 80.2 76.8
Source: Environment Canada[36] (rain/rain days, snow/snow days 1981–2010)[37]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2016 and 2011 censuses – 100% data (Northwest Territories)". Statistics Canada. February 8, 2017. Retrieved February 1, 2022.
  2. ^ "NWT Communities - Paulatuk". Government of the Northwest Territories: Department of Municipal and Community Affairs. Retrieved 2014-01-16.
  3. ^ a b "Northwest Territories Official Community Names and Pronunciation Guide". Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre. Yellowknife: Education, Culture and Employment, Government of the Northwest Territories. Archived from the original on 2016-01-13. Retrieved 2016-01-13.
  4. ^ Canada Flight Supplement. Effective 0901Z 16 July 2020 to 0901Z 10 September 2020.
  5. ^ a b Paulatuk - Statistical Profile at the GNWT
  6. ^ Parks Canada. “Tuktut Nogait National Park of Canada: History and Culture”, 14 November 2013. Retrieved 17 August 2015.
  7. ^ Bickford, Paul. "Paulatuk to celebrate 50 years of local government"[permanent dead link‍], "Northern News Services", Paulatuk, 25 May 2015. Retrieved 17 August 2015.
  8. ^ "1981 Census of Canada: Census subdivisions in decreasing population order" (PDF). Statistics Canada. May 1992. Retrieved February 1, 2021.
  9. ^ "1986 Census: Population - Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions" (PDF). Statistics Canada. September 1987. Retrieved February 1, 2022.
  10. ^ "91 Census: Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions - Population and Dwelling Counts" (PDF). Statistics Canada. April 1992. Retrieved February 1, 2022.
  11. ^ "96 Census: A National Overview - Population and Dwelling Counts" (PDF). Statistics Canada. April 1997. Retrieved February 1, 2022.
  12. ^ "Population and Dwelling Counts, for Canada, Provinces and Territories, and Census Subdivisions (Municipalities), 2001 and 1996 Censuses - 100% Data (Northwest Territories)". Statistics Canada. August 15, 2012. Retrieved February 1, 2022.
  13. ^ "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2006 and 2001 censuses - 100% data (Northwest Territories)". Statistics Canada. August 20, 2021. Retrieved February 1, 2022.
  14. ^ "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2011 and 2006 censuses (Northwest Territories)". Statistics Canada. July 25, 2021. Retrieved February 1, 2022.
  15. ^ a b "Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), Northwest Territories". Statistics Canada. February 9, 2022. Retrieved February 18, 2022.
  16. ^ Population Estimates By Community from the GNWT
  17. ^ a b c d "Paulatuk profile". Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories. Archived from the original on 7 February 2012.
  18. ^ a b c Northwestel
  19. ^ a b Gallery Philip. “Floyd Kuptana – Artist Biography”, 2015. Retrieved 17 August 2015.
  20. ^ Spirit Wrestler Gallery "Robert Kuptana", 2005. Retrieved 17 August 2015.
  21. ^ The John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts. "Paulatuk Moonlight Drummers and Dancers" Retrieved 17 August 2015.
  22. ^ Ruben, Abraham Anghik. "Biography" Archived 2016-03-05 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 17 August 2015.
  23. ^ Ruben, Abraham Anghik. [1] Retrieved 17 August 2015
  24. ^ Morin, Phillipe. “Paulatuk marks passing of first mayor, Garrett Ruben”[permanent dead link‍], Northern News Services, Paulatuk, 18 June 2007. Retrieved on 17 August 2015.
  25. ^ Ryder, Kassina. “They called her Granny Uma”[permanent dead link‍], “Northern News Services, Paulatuk, 30 November 2012. Retrieved 17 August 2015.
  26. ^ Inuvialuit Regional Corporation. “Wallace Goose Award Elder Profile: Liz Kuptana" Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 17 August 2015
  27. ^ Government of the Northwest Territories. “Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medals Presented in Beaufort Delta and Nunakput” Retrieved 17 August 2015
  28. ^ Cockney, Cathy, Parks Canada. Western Arctic Field Unit, Tuktut Nogait National Park Management Board (2004). Paulatuuq Oral History Project : Inuvialuit Elders Share Their Stories, Parks Canada, Western Arctic Field Unit, 2004, Ottawa. ISBN 0662364279, 9780662364276.
  29. ^ Fletcher, Erin. “Elders’ life stores” Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine, Northern News Services, Paulatuk, 5 April 2004. Retrieved 17 August 2015.
  30. ^ Infrastructure
  31. ^ "AirWare". Archived from the original on 2008-01-29. Retrieved 2008-03-18.
  32. ^ BEDC
  33. ^ Angik School[permanent dead link‍]
  34. ^ Aklak Air schedule Archived 2008-04-11 at the Wayback Machine
  35. ^ 2008 sailing schedule Archived 2008-04-11 at the Wayback Machine
  36. ^ "Paulatuk (composite station threads)". Canadian Climate Normals 1991-2020 Data. Environment and Climate Change Canada. Archived from the original on 11 April 2024. Retrieved 11 April 2024.
  37. ^ "Paulatuk A". Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010. Environment Canada. Climate ID: 2203057. Archived from the original (CSV (3069 KB)) on 2020-03-13. Retrieved 2014-01-09.
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