Edwin Richard Hallifax: Difference between revisions

Edwin Richard Hallifax
Edwin Richard Hallifax
Secretary for Chinese Affairs
	In office; ?-?
Personal details
Born	17 February 1874
Died	4 May 1950 (aged 76); Tiverton, Devon, England

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Edwin Richard Hallifax CMG CBE (17 February 1874 – 4 May 1950) was a senior official in Hong Kong in the early 20th century. There is a double "l" in the spelling of his surname. His official Chinese name is "夏理德". He was regarded as a very conservative officer.^[1] He died on 4 May 1950 in Tiverton, Devon.^[2]

Family

Hallifax was born on 17 February 1874, as the 7th son of Benjamin Wilson Hallifax and Mary Anne Cox. Both his parent was from Tiverton. They were married in Calcutta in 1960.^{[citation needed]}

T. F. R. Waters, former Captain of Hong Kong Golf Club in 1959, wrote that Hallifax arranged to take his bride of two weeks out to his Police Bungalow house in Tai Po on 30 August and had organised a small house-warming party with the guests staying overnight. One of these guests was Jack Macgregor of Caldbecks. The house got so warm that it burnt down in the middle of the night when everything was lost including all the wedding presents.^[3]

Hallifax was a younger brother^[4] of Federick James Hallifax, President of the Singapore Municipality and formerly President of Municipality of Penang, who married Roberta Cunningham, a sister of Mrs. Meiklejohn, in Hawick, Scotland, on 8 July 1913. Cunningham was well known in Penang.^[5]

Noel Dan Hallifax

Hallifax's youngest son, Noel Dan Hallifax (1919–1946), was a Fight Lieutenant in the Royal Air Force who became a prisoner of war in Germany during World War II.

The Luftwaffe shot down Hallifax over Berlin on 15 May 1942.^[6]^[7] Injured, the Red Cross passed him for medical repatriation, which was contested by German command but eventually granted on 7 January 1945 after multiple escape attempts.^[6]

He died on 8 November 1946 at the age of 27 during an aircraft accident near Leeming Aerodrome, Yorkshire, on active service and was buried at Harrogate Stonefall Cemetery.^[8]^[9]

Career

He learnt Chinese from Sit Yanpo, father of Cantonese Opera artist Sit Koksin.^[10] He was well known by the Chinese community for his good skills in written and spoken Chinese language.^{[citation needed]}

Secretary for Chinese Affairs

He was the Head of Registrar-General in Hong Kong; its title was changed to Secretary for Chinese Affairs in 1913.^[11]

In 1914, Kwong Wah Hospital was facing the problem of lack of funding to which Hallifax proposed to direct the income of Tin Hau temple in Yau Ma Tei toward the hospital.^[12]

In 1921, several Chinese community leaders, such as Shouson Chow and Fung Ping Shan proposed to establish a technical school for underprivileged children. Hallifax worried this would attract children from mainland China to come to Hong Kong and rejected it. In August 1922, the Chinese community leaders revised their proposal and set out the criteria for entry, which was only opened for local residents. Hallifax agreed with the new proposal and helped them locate the land to build the Aberdeen Industrial Institute, which is now called the Aberdeen Technical School.^[13]

On 7 April 1921, Dr. Sun Yat-sen was elected as the Extraordinary President of the Military Government in Guangzhou. The then Governor Sir Reginald Edward Stubbs was suspicious about Sun's co-operation with the Soviet Union and took a tough stand against the Military Government. On 4 May 1921, Hallifax, as the Secretary for Chinese Affairs, issued a notice to prohibit local Chinese in Hong Kong to celebrate the newly established Military Government in Guangzhou. On 6 May 1921, another notice noted that any fundraising activities for the Dr. Sun's government were not allowed. The Military Government reacted to these strongly and Stubbs finally caved in.^[14]

E.R. Hallifax played a role of the establishment of Tsan Yuk Hospital. It was Dr. S.W. Tso and Ng Hon-tsz advocated the establishment of the Hospital. Mrs. Hallifax was invited to deliver a speech when the Hospital was opened on 17 October 1922 and Mrs. Hallifax was the host of the ceremony.^[15]

In 1920, the Mechanics' Strike lasted for more than three weeks, and only after pressure from Secretary for Chinese Affairs, E.R. Hallifax, did the employers eventually concede to a 32.5% pay increase for the workers.^[16]

During the Seamen's strike of 1922, E. R. Hallifax, Secretary for Chinese Affairs, Lau Chu-pak and Shouson Chow all tried to broker a deal with the strike leaders, but without success.^[17]

In March 1927, the then Governor of Hong Kong, Sir Cecil Clementi, reported to London that gunmen from Canton had been sent to assassinate him, Hallifax, Shouson Chow and other loyal Chinese. Better relations with Canton eventually developed after Chiang Kai-shek's Kuomintang brutally purged the Communists in 1927.^[18]

In 1928, he was one of the members who accompanied Sir Cecil Clementi, the then Governor of Hong Kong, to visit Li Chai-Sum, the then Governor of Kwantung Province. The trip was regarded as an "Entente Cordiale" between the governments. A picture was taken for the visit.^[19]

Farewell dinner

On 14 March 1933, he and Sir Joseph Kemp received a warm tribute by the Chinese community leaders. A farewell dinner was held at the Kam Ling Restaurant, West Point, by their Chinese friends, Sir Shouson Chow paid a tribute to the work done by them in the Colony.^[20]

Hallifax recalled that "the days when he first came to the Colony, days during which the late Dr. Sun Yat-sen was kidnapped in London" He also recalled days spend in Canton and also his connection with the Police. He recounted some of the interesting cases during his connection with the Force. He then further told that his service in the New Territories that were his most pleasant memories. "For eight years I was in the New Territories, and I can only say that it was a lovely place – no roads, no railways, no houses of any account, no telephones. The telephone existed but it had the unhappy habit of breaking down at inconvenient times", said Mr. Hallifax. One incident in the New Territories, he recounted caused a good deal of amusement. He was a police officer, land officer, magistrate and treasury officer all at once. Once, while just about to go out for a jaunt in the country, he noticed his hat and several other articles were missing. The thief was apprehended and Mr. Hallifax had to act as complainant, charge him as a police officer, try, convict and sentence the thief as a Magistrate and collect the fine as a treasury officer!^{[citation needed]}

Sir William Peel, the then Governor, also left his remarks during the dinner. He referred to Mr. Hallifax as a very old friend with whom he had travelled out nearly 35 years ago on the same ship to the Far East.^{[citation needed]}

He received a warm tribute by the then Governor, Sir William Peel, on his last meeting in legislative council on 23 March 1933.^[21]

Personal life

When he was the District Officer North (Taipo), he had been spending his recreational time walking over the hills with gun and dog and he was a familiar figure amongst the local farmers of Fanling and the neighbouring villages.^[22] In December 1908, when he was out shooting near Tai Po, his gun went off accidentally. Sone of the shots entered his hand. The wounds received temporary attention.^[23]^[24]

It was said that he was the man more than any other responsible for the construction of a course at Fanling. The relationship of the District Officer with the village elders everywhere was avuncular or, indeed, almost paternal.^[25]

He was the President of the Hong Kong Golf Club in 1926 and the Captain of the Club in 1915 and 1928.^[26] When he was retired, the Club presented him with a handsome souvenir as a mark of their appreciation for the work he done for the Club especially in the matter of liaisoning with Government on the occasion of his retirement from the Colony. The then Captain of the Club said during the occasion, "He had overcome Sir Henry May's anti-feeling, as he well remembers the days when Sir Henry used to ride his polo ponies over the greens at Happy Valley – before Sir Henry was converted to an enthusiastic golfer."^[27]

According to history writer Denis Way, he was also a keen rugby player and was the Chairman of the Hong Kong Football Club in 1913.^[28]

External link

References

^ Ure, G. (2012), Governors, Politics and the Colonial Office – Public Policy in Hong Kong 1918–58, p.31
^ "Return of Thanks", Kent & Sussex Courier, 1 September 1950
^ T. F. R. Waters, History of the Royal Hong Kong Golf Club, p.13
^ The Straits Times, 1 September 1913, Page 9
^ "Mr. F. J. Hallifax Married", The Hong Kong Telegraph, 19 August 1913, p.4
^ ^a ^b Reid (2015), Location 4435-4471.
^ Kent & Sussex Courier, 16 February 1945
^ Aircraft accidents on the North Yorkshire Moors
^ Hallifax, Noel Dan – The War Graves Photographic Project
^ "著名粤剧艺人薛觉先". Archived from the original on 6 December 2010. Retrieved 27 October 2014.
^ The Straits Times, 1 September 1913, p.9
^ 廟街天后廟 – 廟街由此廟得名．產業送廣華醫院
^ "香港仔兒童工藝院史略". Archived from the original on 27 October 2014. Retrieved 27 October 2014.
^ "香港政府禁止慶祝孫中山就任非常大總統". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 23 October 2014.
^ KING, Gordon, "The History of the Tsan Yuk Hospital, 1922–1955", The Bulletin of the Hong Kong Chinese Medical Association Vol. 8 No. 1, July 1956.
^ Carrol, J. (2007). A Concise History of Hong Kong, p.97
^ Kua, P. (2011) Scouting in Hong Kong 1910 – 2010, p.127
^ Carrol, J. (2007), A Concise History of Hong Kong, p.103
^ Reception to Governor of Hong Kong by Governor of Kwantung Province at Canton, 9 March 1928
^ "CIVIL SERVANTS RETIRING – Sir Joseph Kemp And Mr. Hallifax – Warm Tributes", The Hong Kong Telegraph, 15 March 1933, p.10
^ "WILL BE GREATLY MISSED – Tribute to Hon. Mr. E. R. Hallifax", Hong Kong Daily Press, 24 March 1933, p.7
^ T.F. R. Waters, History of the Royal Hong Kong Golf Club, p.13
^ "Accident to Mr. Hallifax", Hong Kong Daily Press, 8 December 1908, p.2
^ The Straits Times, 14 December 1908, p.6
^ Robinson, S. (1989), Festina Lente: A History of the Royal Hong Kong Golf Club, p.11
^ Robinson, S. (1989), Festina Lente: A History of the Royal Hong Kong Golf Club, p.98-99
^ T.F. R. Waters, History of the Royal Hong Kong Golf Club, p.43
^ Edwin Richard Hallifax (1874–1950)|Gwulo: Old Hong Kong

Sources

Reid, P. R. (2015). Colditz: The Full Story. New York: Voyageur Press. ISBN 9780760346518.

[1] Ure, G. (2012), Governors, Politics and the Colonial Office – Public Policy in Hong Kong 1918–58, p.31

[2] "Return of Thanks", Kent & Sussex Courier, 1 September 1950

[3] T. F. R. Waters, History of the Royal Hong Kong Golf Club, p.13

[4] The Straits Times, 1 September 1913, Page 9

[5] "Mr. F. J. Hallifax Married", The Hong Kong Telegraph, 19 August 1913, p.4

[FOOTNOTEReid2015Location_4435-4471-6] Reid (2015), Location 4435-4471.

[7] Kent & Sussex Courier, 16 February 1945

[8] Aircraft accidents on the North Yorkshire Moors

[9] Hallifax, Noel Dan – The War Graves Photographic Project

[10] "著名粤剧艺人薛觉先". Archived from the original on 6 December 2010. Retrieved 27 October 2014.

[11] The Straits Times, 1 September 1913, p.9

[12] 廟街天后廟 – 廟街由此廟得名．產業送廣華醫院

[13] "香港仔兒童工藝院史略". Archived from the original on 27 October 2014. Retrieved 27 October 2014.

[14] "香港政府禁止慶祝孫中山就任非常大總統". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 23 October 2014.

[15] KING, Gordon, "The History of the Tsan Yuk Hospital, 1922–1955", The Bulletin of the Hong Kong Chinese Medical Association Vol. 8 No. 1, July 1956.

[16] Carrol, J. (2007). A Concise History of Hong Kong, p.97

[17] Kua, P. (2011) Scouting in Hong Kong 1910 – 2010, p.127

[18] Carrol, J. (2007), A Concise History of Hong Kong, p.103

[19] Reception to Governor of Hong Kong by Governor of Kwantung Province at Canton, 9 March 1928

[20] "CIVIL SERVANTS RETIRING – Sir Joseph Kemp And Mr. Hallifax – Warm Tributes", The Hong Kong Telegraph, 15 March 1933, p.10

[21] "WILL BE GREATLY MISSED – Tribute to Hon. Mr. E. R. Hallifax", Hong Kong Daily Press, 24 March 1933, p.7

[22] T.F. R. Waters, History of the Royal Hong Kong Golf Club, p.13

[23] "Accident to Mr. Hallifax", Hong Kong Daily Press, 8 December 1908, p.2

[24] The Straits Times, 14 December 1908, p.6

[25] Robinson, S. (1989), Festina Lente: A History of the Royal Hong Kong Golf Club, p.11

[26] Robinson, S. (1989), Festina Lente: A History of the Royal Hong Kong Golf Club, p.98-99

[27] T.F. R. Waters, History of the Royal Hong Kong Golf Club, p.43

[28] Edwin Richard Hallifax (1874–1950)|Gwulo: Old Hong Kong

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{short description|British senior official in Hong Kong}}
-Edwin Richard Hallifax (1874 - 1950) was a senior official in Hong Kong in early 20th Century. There is a double "l" in the spelling of his surname. His official Chinese name is "夏理德". He was regarded as a very conservative officer.<ref>Ure, G. (2012), ''Governors, Politics and the Colonial Office - Public Policy in Hong Kong 1918 - 58'', p.31</ref> He died in 4 May 1950 in [[Tiverton, Devon|Tiverton]].<ref>“Return of Thanks”, ''Kent & Sussex Courier'', 1 September 1950</ref>
+{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2019}}
+{{EngvarB|date=April 2019}}
+{{Multiple issues|
+{{tone|date=January 2024}}
+{{cleanup|date=January 2024|reason=excess of irrelevant information; reads like a story}}}}
+{{Infobox officeholder
+| name          = Edwin Richard Hallifax
+| image         =
+| alt           =
+| caption       =
+| office1       = Secretary for Chinese Affairs
+| term1         = ?-?
+| birth_date    = {{birth date|1874|02|17|df=yes}}
+| birth_place   =
+| death_date    = {{death date and age|1950|05|04|1874|02|17|df=yes}}
+| death_place   = [[Tiverton, Devon]], England
+| education     =
+}}
+'''Edwin Richard Hallifax''' {{post-nominals|country=UK|CMG|CBE}} (17 February 1874 – 4 May 1950) was a senior official in Hong Kong in the early 20th century. There is a double "l" in the spelling of his surname. His official Chinese name is "夏理德". He was regarded as a very conservative officer.<ref>Ure, G. (2012), ''Governors, Politics and the Colonial Office – Public Policy in Hong Kong 1918–58'', p.31</ref> He died on 4 May 1950 in [[Tiverton, Devon|Tiverton]], Devon.<ref>"Return of Thanks", ''Kent & Sussex Courier'', 1 September 1950</ref>
 ==Family==
+Hallifax was born on 17 February 1874, as the 7th son of Benjamin Wilson Hallifax and Mary Anne Cox. Both his parent was from [[Tiverton, Devon|Tiverton]]. They were married in [[Calcutta]] in 1960.{{citation needed|date=January 2024}}
-E. R. Hallifax was born on 17 February 1874, as the 7th son of Benjamin Wilson Hallifax and Mary Anne Cox. Both his parent was from [[Tiverton, Devon|Tiverton]]. They were married in [[Calcutta]] in 1960. Although E. R. Hallifax was born in the [[Assam]]/[[Darjeeling]] area of [[India]], he was educated in [[England]], attending Blundell's, where he was a Blundell Scholar; and [[Balliol College]], [[Oxford]] (1892-96), where he obtained a 2nd Class Moderations in 1894 and a 3rd Class finals in Literae Humaniores and BA in 1896. He was a member of the college Rugby XV 1893-4-5 and was captain of the XV. He married Eveline Wilson, daughter of John Wilson, in 1906. They had two sons and one daughter. One of his sons was [[Richard Hilliard Hallifax]].<ref>[http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/INDIA/2006-01/1138309899 Chris Duff on E. R. Hallifax]</ref>Richard Hilliard Hallifax died in 1983.<ref>Richard Hilliard Hallifax (1908 -1983), Record of England and Wales Death 1837 - 2007, Ipswich Suffolk, England</ref>
-T. F. R. Waters, former Captain of [[Hong Kong Golf Club]] in 1959, wrote that E. R. Hallifax arranged to take his bride of two weeks out to his Police Bungalow house in [[Tai Po]] on 30 August and had organized a small house-warming party wight the guests staying overnight. One of these guests was Jack Macgregor of Caldbecks. The house got so warm that it burnt down in the middle of the night when everything was lost including all the wedding presents!<ref>T. F. R. Waters, ''History of the Royal Hong Kong Golf Club'', p.13</ref>
+T. F. R. Waters, former Captain of [[Hong Kong Golf Club]] in 1959, wrote that Hallifax arranged to take his bride of two weeks out to his Police Bungalow house in [[Tai Po]] on 30 August and had organised a small house-warming party with the guests staying overnight. One of these guests was Jack Macgregor of Caldbecks. The house got so warm that it burnt down in the middle of the night when everything was lost including all the wedding presents.<ref>T. F. R. Waters, ''History of the Royal Hong Kong Golf Club'', p.13</ref>
+Hallifax was a younger brother<ref>''The Straits Times'', 1 September 1913, Page 9</ref> of Federick James Hallifax, President of the [[Municipal Commission of Singapore|Singapore Municipality]] and formerly President of [[Penang Island City Council#History|Municipality of Penang]], who married Roberta Cunningham, a sister of Mrs. Meiklejohn, in [[Hawick]], Scotland, on 8 July 1913. Cunningham was well known in Penang.<ref>"Mr. F. J. Hallifax Married", ''The Hong Kong Telegraph'', 19 August 1913, p.4</ref>
-Mr. E. R. Hallifax was a younger brother of Mr. F. J. Hallifax<ref>''The Straits Times'', 1 September 1913, Page 9</ref>, aka Mr. Federick James Hallifax, who
-was President of the [[Singapore]] Municipality and formerly President of Municipality of [[Penang]], married Miss Roberta Cunningham, a sister of Mrs. Meiklejohn, in [[Hawick]], [[Scotland]], on July 8 1913. Miss Cunningham was well known in Penang.<ref>"Mr. F. J. Hallifax Married", ''The Hong Kong Telegraph'', 19 August 1913, p.4</ref> Mr. F. J. Hallifax passed away at Brampton, Cumberland on 25 January 1933<ref>''The Straits Times'', 25 February 1933, p.12</ref>at the age of 60.<ref>''Malayan Saturday Post'', 4 March 1933, p.1</ref>
+===Noel Dan Hallifax===
-Mr. E. R. Hallifax’s youngest son was Noel Dan Hallifax (1919 – 1946). Noel Hallifax was a Fight Lieutenant of [[Royal Air Force]]. During the [[WWII]], he became the prisoner of war in [[Germany]] from May 1940 to early 1945.<ref>''Kent & Sussex Courier'', 16 February 1945</ref>He died on 8 November 1946 at the age of 27 during an aircraft accident near Leeming Aerodrome, [[Yorkshire]], on active service. He was a Squadron Leader then.<ref>''Kent & Sussex Courier'', 22 November 1946</ref>His gravestone at Harrogate Stonefall Cemetery.<ref>[http://www.yorkshire-aircraft.co.uk/aircraft/planes/46-50/nt266.html Aircraft accidents on the North Yorkshire Moors]</ref><ref>[http://twgpp.org/information.php?id=3418029 Hallifax, Noel Dan – The War Graves Photographic Project]</ref>
+[[File:Mess best bader harvey bruce.jpg|thumb|right|RAF mess at Colditz.  Dan Hallifax (six from left, standing), [[Douglas Bader]] (sitting, center)]]
+Hallifax's youngest son, Noel Dan Hallifax (1919–1946), was a Fight Lieutenant in the [[Royal Air Force]] who became a prisoner of war in Germany during [[World War II]].
+The Luftwaffe shot down Hallifax over Berlin on 15 May 1942.{{sfnp|Reid|2015|loc=Location 4435-4471}}<ref>''Kent & Sussex Courier'', 16 February 1945</ref>  Injured, the Red Cross passed him for medical repatriation, which was contested by German command but eventually granted on 7 January 1945 after multiple escape attempts.{{sfnp|Reid|2015|loc=Location 4435-4471}}
+He died on 8 November 1946 at the age of 27 during an aircraft accident near Leeming Aerodrome, [[Yorkshire]], on active service and was buried at Harrogate Stonefall Cemetery.<ref>[http://www.yorkshire-aircraft.co.uk/aircraft/planes/46-50/nt266.html Aircraft accidents on the North Yorkshire Moors]</ref><ref>[http://twgpp.org/information.php?id=3418029 Hallifax, Noel Dan – The War Graves Photographic Project]</ref>
 ==Career==
+[[File:Sir Claud Severn and Sun Yat Sen.jpg|thumb|250px|right|In 1912, E. R. Hallifax was one of those who accompanied [[Claud Severn|Sir Claud Severn]] to meet Dr. [[Sun Yat-sen]]]]
-[[File:Sir Claud Severn and Sun Yat Sen.jpg|thumb|250px|right|In 1912, E. R. Hallifax was one of those who accompanied [[Claud Severn|Sir Claud Severn]] to meet Dr. [[Sun Yat-sen]]]]He was appointed as a Colonial Cadet and went to [[Hong Kong]] in [[1897]]. He was Transvaal Chinese Emigration Agent at Chinwontao in 1905; became a District Officer for the Northern Territory, Hong Kong in [[1907]] and Secretary for Chinese Affairs in [[1912]]. He was Private Secretary to the Governor 1914-15, and Secretary for Chinese Affairs, Government of Hong Kong, in 1918. He was awarded an [[OBE]] in [[1918]]; [[CBE]] in [[1922]] and [[CMG]] in [[1925]]. He was Commissioner for Hong Kong for the [[British Empire Exhibition]] 1924-25. Acted as Colonial Secretary, Hong Kong on various occasions between 1926 and 1932.<ref>[http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/INDIA/2006-01/1138309899 Chris Duff on E. R. Hallifax]</ref>
-He learned Chinese from Sit Yanpo, father of the famous [[Cantonese Opera]] artist Sit Koksin.<ref>[http://www.gzzxws.gov.cn/gzws/gzws/ml/19/200808/t20080829_5775.htm 著名粤剧艺人薛觉先]</ref>He was well known by the Chinese community by his good skills in written and spoken Chinese language.
+He learnt Chinese from Sit Yanpo, father of [[Cantonese Opera]] artist Sit Koksin.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.gzzxws.gov.cn/gzws/gzws/ml/19/200808/t20080829_5775.htm |title=著名粤剧艺人薛觉先 |access-date=27 October 2014 |archive-date=6 December 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101206101516/http://www.gzzxws.gov.cn/gzws/gzws/ml/19/200808/t20080829_5775.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> He was well known by the Chinese community for his good skills in written and spoken Chinese language.{{citation needed|date=January 2024}}
-===Secretary for China Affairs===
+===Secretary for Chinese Affairs===
-He was the Head of Registrar-General in Hong Kong which its title was changed to Secretary for Chinese Affairs in 1913.<ref>''The Straits Times'', 1 September 1913, p.9</ref>
+He was the Head of Registrar-General in Hong Kong; its title was changed to Secretary for Chinese Affairs in 1913.<ref>''The Straits Times'', 1 September 1913, p.9</ref>
-In 1914, [[Kwong Wah Hospital]] was facing the problem of lack of funding. E.R. Hallifax proposed to direct the income of [[Tin Hau Temple Complex, Yau Ma Tei|Tin Hau temple in Yau Ma Tei]] to Kwong Wah Hosiptal, which ease its financial situation.<ref>[http://www.y28predictions.com/program/template/legend/temple.php?ref=21&lang=&check=a 廟街天后廟 -- 廟街由此廟得名．產業送廣華醫院]</ref>
+In 1914, [[Kwong Wah Hospital]] was facing the problem of lack of funding to which Hallifax proposed to direct the income of [[Tin Hau Temple Complex, Yau Ma Tei|Tin Hau temple in Yau Ma Tei]] toward the hospital.<ref>[http://www.y28predictions.com/program/template/legend/temple.php?ref=21&lang=&check=a 廟街天后廟 – 廟街由此廟得名．產業送廣華醫院]</ref>
-In 1921, several Chinese community leaders, such as [[Shouson Chow]] and [[Fung Ping Shan]] proposed to establish a technical school for underprivileged children. E.R. Hallifax worried this would attract children from mainland China to come to Hong Kong and rejected it. In August 1922, the Chinese community leaders revised their proposal and set out the criteria for entry, which was only opened for local residents. E.R. Hallifax agreed with the new proposal and helped them to locate the land to build the Aberdeen Industrial Institute, which is now called the Aberdeen Technical School.<ref>[http://frwong.ats345.org/?p=28 香港仔兒童工藝院史略]</ref>
+In 1921, several Chinese community leaders, such as [[Shouson Chow]] and [[Fung Ping Shan]] proposed to establish a technical school for underprivileged children. Hallifax worried this would attract children from mainland China to come to Hong Kong and rejected it. In August 1922, the Chinese community leaders revised their proposal and set out the criteria for entry, which was only opened for local residents. Hallifax agreed with the new proposal and helped them locate the land to build the Aberdeen Industrial Institute, which is now called the Aberdeen Technical School.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://frwong.ats345.org/?p=28 |title=香港仔兒童工藝院史略 |access-date=27 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141027175204/http://frwong.ats345.org/?p=28 |archive-date=27 October 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
-On 7 April 1921, Dr. [[Sun Yat-sen]] was elected as the Extraordinary President of the Military Government in [[Guangzhou]]. The then Governor [[Reginald Edward Stubbs|Sir Reginald Edward Stubbs]] was suspicious about Sun's cooperation with [[Soviet Union]] and took a tough stand against the Military Government. On 4 May 1921, E. R. Hallifax, as the Secretary for Chinese Affairs, issued a notice to prohibit local Chinese in Hong Kong to celebrate the newly established Military Government in Guangzhou. On 6 May 1921, another notice noted that any fundraising activities for the Dr. Sun's government were not allowed. The Military Government reacted to these strongly and Stubbs finally caved in.<ref>[http://www.lingkee.com/chist/html/chiculture/hk/ddsy/1921/1921_xgzf.htm 香港政府禁止慶祝孫中山就任非常大總統]</ref>
+On 7 April 1921, Dr. [[Sun Yat-sen]] was elected as the Extraordinary President of the Military Government in [[Guangzhou]]. The then Governor [[Reginald Edward Stubbs|Sir Reginald Edward Stubbs]] was suspicious about Sun's co-operation with the [[Soviet Union]] and took a tough stand against the Military Government. On 4 May 1921, Hallifax, as the Secretary for Chinese Affairs, issued a notice to prohibit local Chinese in Hong Kong to celebrate the newly established Military Government in Guangzhou. On 6 May 1921, another notice noted that any fundraising activities for the Dr. Sun's government were not allowed. The Military Government reacted to these strongly and Stubbs finally caved in.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.lingkee.com/chist/html/chiculture/hk/ddsy/1921/1921_xgzf.htm |title=香港政府禁止慶祝孫中山就任非常大總統 |access-date=23 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304065548/http://www.lingkee.com/chist/html/chiculture/hk/ddsy/1921/1921_xgzf.htm |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
-[[Image:HK Old Tsan Yuk Hospital 1922 Oct.jpg|thumb|250px|Tsan Yuk Hospital on 17 October 1922 – The Founder and the donors.]]E.R. Hallifax played a role of the establishment of [[Tsan Yuk Hospital]]. It was Dr. S.W. Tso and [[Ng Hon-tsz]] advocated the establishment of the Hospital. Mrs. Hallifax was invited to deliver a speech when the Hospital was opened on 17 October 1922 and Mrs. Hallifax was the host of the ceremony.<ref>KING, Gordon, "The History of the Tsan Yuk Hospital, 1922-1955", The Bulletin of the Hong Kong Chinese Medical Association Vol. 8 No. 1, July 1956.</ref>
+[[File:HK Old Tsan Yuk Hospital 1922 Oct.jpg|thumb|250px|Tsan Yuk Hospital on 17 October 1922 – The Founder and the donors.]]E.R. Hallifax played a role of the establishment of [[Tsan Yuk Hospital]]. It was Dr. S.W. Tso and [[Ng Hon-tsz]] advocated the establishment of the Hospital. Mrs. Hallifax was invited to deliver a speech when the Hospital was opened on 17 October 1922 and Mrs. Hallifax was the host of the ceremony.<ref>KING, Gordon, "The History of the Tsan Yuk Hospital, 1922–1955", The Bulletin of the Hong Kong Chinese Medical Association Vol. 8 No. 1, July 1956.</ref>
 In 1920, the Mechanics' Strike lasted for more than three weeks, and only after pressure from Secretary for Chinese Affairs, E.R. Hallifax, did the employers eventually concede to a 32.5% pay increase for the workers.<ref>Carrol, J. (2007). ''A Concise History of Hong Kong'', p.97</ref>
-During the [[Seamen's strike of 1922]], E. R. Hallifax, Secretary for Chinese Affairs, Lau Chu-pak and [[Shouson Chow]] all tried to broker a deal with the strike leaders, but without success.<ref>Kua, P. (2011) ''Scouting in Hong Kong 1910 - 2010'', p.127</ref>
+During the [[Seamen's strike of 1922]], E. R. Hallifax, Secretary for Chinese Affairs, Lau Chu-pak and [[Shouson Chow]] all tried to broker a deal with the strike leaders, but without success.<ref>Kua, P. (2011) ''Scouting in Hong Kong 1910 – 2010'', p.127</ref>
-In March 1927, the then Governor of Hong Kong, [[Cecil Clementi|Sir Cecil Clementi]], reported to London that gunmen from [[Canton]] had been sent to assassinate him, Hallifax, [[Shouson Chow]] and other loyal Chinese. Better relations with Canton eventually developed after [[Chiang Kai Shek]]'s [[Kuomintang]] brutally purged the Communists in 1927.<ref>[http://books.google.com.hk/books?id=D37ijXG-FykC&pg=PA97&lpg=PA97&dq=sun+yat+sen+1921+hallifax&source=bl&ots=OfTZ6EPXpz&sig=K9-6eaq1yLRf_jCgGMmM6iM9U-s&hl=zh-TW&sa=X&ei=HfQ7VJysBMj38QWYw4LACA&ved=0CCcQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=sun%20yat%20sen%201921%20hallifax&f=false Carrol, J. (2007), ''A Concise History of Hong Kong'', p.103]</ref>
+In March 1927, the then Governor of Hong Kong, [[Cecil Clementi|Sir Cecil Clementi]], reported to London that gunmen from [[Guangzhou|Canton]] had been sent to assassinate him, Hallifax, [[Shouson Chow]] and other loyal Chinese. Better relations with Canton eventually developed after [[Chiang Kai-shek]]'s [[Kuomintang]] brutally purged the Communists in 1927.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=D37ijXG-FykC&dq=sun+yat+sen+1921+hallifax&pg=PA97 Carrol, J. (2007), ''A Concise History of Hong Kong'', p.103]</ref>
+In 1928, he was one of the members who accompanied [[Cecil Clementi|Sir Cecil Clementi]], the then Governor of Hong Kong, to visit [[Li Jishen|Li Chai-Sum]], the then Governor of Kwantung Province. The trip was regarded as an "Entente Cordiale" between the governments. A picture was taken for the visit.<ref>[http://www.archives.presbyterian.org.nz/missions/cvmphoto9.htm Reception to Governor of Hong Kong by Governor of Kwantung Province at Canton, 9 March 1928]</ref>
-===Farewell Dinner===
-On 14 March [[1933]], he and Sir Joseph Kemp received a warm tribute by the Chinese community leaders. A farewell dinner was held at the Kam Ling Restaurant, West Point, by their Chinese friends, Sir [[Shouson Chow]] paid a tribute to the work done by them in the Colony.<ref>"CIVIL SERVANTS RETIRING – Sir Joseph Kemp And Mr. Hallifax – Warm Tributes", ''The Hong Kong Telegraph'', 15 March 1933, p.10</ref>
+===Farewell dinner===
-During the dinner, [[Shouson Chow]] said that "Mr. Hallifax was appointed a Cadet in the [[Hong Kong]] Civil Service as long ago as 1897, and quickly, identified himself with Chinese affairs, not the least of his accomplishments in this direction being a good knowledge of the Chinese language, both written and spoken, which is so necessary for the performance of this important duties. Having in his early years here served in magisterial, Police and other capacities in Hong Kong and the [[New Territories]], he soon obtained a knowledge of the Chinese of all classes; and this undoubtedly stood him in good stead in 1912, when he was made Secretary for Chinese Affairs – the first to hold the position with that title. He has been the head of Chinese affairs in Hong Kong for a period longer than any of his predecessors. In fact, he has the unique distinction of having been the longest in any one senior post in the history of Hong Kong.
+On 14 March 1933, he and Sir Joseph Kemp received a warm tribute by the Chinese community leaders. A farewell dinner was held at the Kam Ling Restaurant, West Point, by their Chinese friends, Sir [[Shouson Chow]] paid a tribute to the work done by them in the Colony.<ref>"CIVIL SERVANTS RETIRING – Sir Joseph Kemp And Mr. Hallifax – Warm Tributes", ''The Hong Kong Telegraph'', 15 March 1933, p.10</ref>
-On several occasions Mr. Hallifax acted as Colonial Secretary, and in that capacity proved himself to be able, tactical and courteous. But it is as Secretary for Chinese Affairs that he is best known to the public. The Chinese Secretariat is a department, of which not much is heard, for necessarily it works without flourish, I might call it the “Silent Service of the Civil Government”; and like the famous Silent Service that defends our coast and trade routes, this Department has worked quietly and efficiently, and has accomplished a good deal towards the smooth running of the local administrative machine. The public, while looking at results, cannot realise to the full how much such results depend upon the man behind the scenes. There is no doubt that in recent years this office is one of the most difficult in the Colony, and I can say without fear of contradiction that the happy relations now subsisting between the Government and the Chinese community are largely due to the ability, understanding and unrivalled experience of Mr. Hallifax.
-The award of the [[O.B.E.]] in 1918 and of the [[C.B.E.]] in 1923, therefore, came as a matter of course to one with so many achievements to his credit; and it was no surprise to find his name again figure in the Honours List two years afterwards, when the [[C.M.G.]] was conferred on him by His Majesty the King.
-Mr. Hallifax is leaving us soon and we feel that his place will be hard to fill. A man who shuns the limelight, he has nevertheless played an important role with great success. He has sought relaxation, where the general public saw him not, on the [[golf]] links at [[Fanling]]! I understand that he is quite a good golfer. I have read somewhere the maxim. “Keep you head still, and your eye on the ball”; and I can appreciate that Mr. Hallifax has retained that rule throughout his time. It can be said of him, in his official career, that he kept his head stready and his eye on his duties at all times.
-Before concluding, I desire to express our very deep appreciation of the gracious presence of His Excellency the Governor, who has proven himself time and again to be a true friend of the Chinese."
-In his replied speech, E. R. Hallifax recalled that "the days when he first came to the Colony, days during which the late Dr. [[Sun Yat-sen]] was kidnapped in London" He also recalled days spend in [[Canton]] and also his connection with the Police. He recounted some of the interesting cases during his connection with the Force. He then further told that his service in the [[New Territories]] that were his most pleasant memories. “For eight years I was in the New Territories, and I can only say that it was a lovely place – no roads, no railways, no houses of any account, no telephones. The telephone existed but it had the unhappy habit of breaking down at inconvenient times.” , said Mr. Hallifax. One incident in the New Territories, he recounted caused a good deal of amusement. He was a police officer, land officer, magistrate and treasury officer all at once. Once, while just about to go out for a jaunt in the country, he noticed his hat and several other articles were missing. The thief was apprehended and Mr. Hallifax had to act as complainant, charge him as a [[police]] officer, try, convict and sentence the thief as a [[Magistrate]] and collect the fine as a [[treasury]] officer!
+Hallifax recalled that "the days when he first came to the Colony, days during which the late Dr. [[Sun Yat-sen]] was kidnapped in London" He also recalled days spend in [[Guangzhou|Canton]] and also his connection with the Police. He recounted some of the interesting cases during his connection with the Force. He then further told that his service in the [[New Territories]] that were his most pleasant memories. "For eight years I was in the New Territories, and I can only say that it was a lovely place – no roads, no railways, no houses of any account, no telephones. The telephone existed but it had the unhappy habit of breaking down at inconvenient times", said Mr. Hallifax. One incident in the New Territories, he recounted caused a good deal of amusement. He was a police officer, land officer, magistrate and treasury officer all at once. Once, while just about to go out for a jaunt in the country, he noticed his hat and several other articles were missing. The thief was apprehended and Mr. Hallifax had to act as complainant, charge him as a police officer, try, convict and sentence the thief as a Magistrate and collect the fine as a treasury officer!{{citation needed|date=January 2024}}
-[[William Peel (colonial administrator)|Sir William Peel]], the then Governor, also left his remarks during the dinner. He referred to Mr. Hallifax as a very old friend with whom he had travelled out nearly 35 years ago on the same ship to the Far East.
+[[William Peel (colonial administrator)|Sir William Peel]], the then Governor, also left his remarks during the dinner. He referred to Mr. Hallifax as a very old friend with whom he had travelled out nearly 35 years ago on the same ship to the Far East.{{citation needed|date=January 2024}}
-He received a warm tribute by the then Governor, [[William Peel (colonial administrator)|Sir William Peel]], on his last meeting in [[Legislative Council]] on 23 March 1933.<ref>"WILL BE GREATLY MISSED - Tribute to Hon. Mr. E. R. Hallifax", ''Hong Kong Daily Press'', 24 March 1933, p.7</ref>
+He received a warm tribute by the then Governor, [[William Peel (colonial administrator)|Sir William Peel]], on his last meeting in legislative council on 23 March 1933.<ref>"WILL BE GREATLY MISSED – Tribute to Hon. Mr. E. R. Hallifax", ''Hong Kong Daily Press'', 24 March 1933, p.7</ref>
-==Hobby==
+==Personal life==
-When he was the District Officer North ([[Tai Po|Taipo]]), he had been spending his recreational time walking over the hills with gun and dog and he was a familiar figure amongst the local farmers of Fanling and the neighboring villages.<ref>T.F. R. Waters, ''History of the Royal Hong Kong Golf Club'', p.13</ref>In December 1908, when he was out shooting near [[Tai Po]], his gun went off accidentally. Sone of the shots entered his hand. The wounds received temporary attention.<ref>"Accident to Mr. Hallifax", ''Hong Kong Daily Press'', 8 December 1908, p.2</ref><ref>[http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/straitstimes19081214-1.2.41.aspx ''The Straits Times'', 14 December 1908, p.6]</ref>
+When he was the District Officer North ([[Tai Po|Taipo]]), he had been spending his recreational time walking over the hills with gun and dog and he was a familiar figure amongst the local farmers of Fanling and the neighbouring villages.<ref>T.F. R. Waters, ''History of the Royal Hong Kong Golf Club'', p.13</ref> In December 1908, when he was out shooting near [[Tai Po]], his gun went off accidentally. Sone of the shots entered his hand. The wounds received temporary attention.<ref>"Accident to Mr. Hallifax", ''Hong Kong Daily Press'', 8 December 1908, p.2</ref><ref>[http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/straitstimes19081214-1.2.41.aspx ''The Straits Times'', 14 December 1908, p.6]</ref>
 It was said that he was the man more than any other responsible for the construction of a course at [[Fanling]]. The relationship of the District Officer with the village elders everywhere was avuncular or, indeed, almost paternal.<ref>Robinson, S. (1989), ''Festina Lente: A History of the Royal Hong Kong Golf Club'', p.11</ref>
-He was the President of the [[Hong Kong Golf Club]] in 1926 and the Captain of the Club in 1915 and 1928.<ref>Robinson, S. (1989), ''Festina Lente: A History of the Royal Hong Kong Golf Club'', p.98-99</ref> When he was retired, the Club presented him with a handsome souvenir as a mark of their appreciation for the work he done for the Club especially in the matter of liaisoning with Government on the occasion of his retirement from the Colony. The then Captain of the Club  said during the occasion, "He had overcome [[Francis Henry May|Sir Henry May]]'s anti-feeling, as he well remembers the days when Sir Henry used to ride his polo ponies over the greens at [[Happy Valley]] - before Sir Henry was converted to an enthusiastic golfer."<ref>T.F. R. Waters, ''History of the Royal Hong Kong Golf Club'', p.43</ref>
+He was the President of the [[Hong Kong Golf Club]] in 1926 and the Captain of the Club in 1915 and 1928.<ref>Robinson, S. (1989), ''Festina Lente: A History of the Royal Hong Kong Golf Club'', p.98-99</ref> When he was retired, the Club presented him with a handsome souvenir as a mark of their appreciation for the work he done for the Club especially in the matter of liaisoning with Government on the occasion of his retirement from the Colony. The then Captain of the Club  said during the occasion, "He had overcome [[Francis Henry May|Sir Henry May]]'s anti-feeling, as he well remembers the days when Sir Henry used to ride his polo ponies over the greens at [[Happy Valley, Hong Kong|Happy Valley]] – before Sir Henry was converted to an enthusiastic golfer."<ref>T.F. R. Waters, ''History of the Royal Hong Kong Golf Club'', p.43</ref>
-According to history writer Denis Way, he was also a keen rugby player and was the Chairman of the [[Hong Kong Football Club]] in 1913.<ref>[http://gwulo.com/node/16079 Edwin Richard Hallifax (1874 - 1950)|Gwulo: Old Hong Kong]</ref>
+According to history writer Denis Way, he was also a keen rugby player and was the Chairman of the [[Hong Kong Football Club]] in 1913.<ref>[http://gwulo.com/node/16079 Edwin Richard Hallifax (1874–1950)|Gwulo: Old Hong Kong]</ref>
-==Link==
+==External link==
-[http://app.legco.gov.hk/member_front/english/library/photos/358/HALLIFAX_ER.jpg E. R. Hallifax's photo, Hong Kong Legco ]
+* [http://app.legco.gov.hk/member_front/english/library/photos/358/HALLIFAX_ER.jpg E. R. Hallifax's photo, Hong Kong Legco ]
+* [https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/home?from_menu=Y&dummy= Hong Kong Old Newspapers Search – Multimedia Information System, Hong Kong Public Libraries]
+* [http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/ Singapore Old Newspapers Search – Newspaper SG]
+* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JuZdtp_YS_Q&list=UU_Frgs9vU73YozamfZiPCHg Video showed E.R. Hallifax attended a ceremony with Hong Kong Chinese Leaders (at 2 min 44 seconds)]
 ==References==
 {{Reflist}}
+==Sources==
+* {{cite book |title=Colditz: The Full Story |first=P. R. |last=Reid |year=2015 |location=New York |publisher=Voyageur Press |isbn=9780760346518}}
+{{authority control}}
-{{DEFAULTSORT:Halifax, Edwin}}
+{{DEFAULTSORT:Halifax, Edwin}}
-[[Category:British expatriates in Hong Kong]]
+[[Category:British expatriates in British Hong Kong]]
+[[Category:1874 births]]
+[[Category:1950 deaths]]
+[[Category:Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford]]
+[[Category:Commanders of the Order of the British Empire]]
+[[Category:Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George]]
+[[Category:Government officials of Hong Kong]]