Daniel Knobel: Difference between revisions

Lieutenant General Dr

Daniel Pieter Knobel

SSAS SD SOE SM MMM KStJ MBC HB PHD
Lieutenant General Dr; Daniel Pieter Knobel; SSAS SD SOE SM MMM KStJ MBC HB PHD
Nickname(s)	Niel
Born	29 November 1936; Edinburgh, Scotland
Died	22 July 2021 (aged 84); Pretoria, South Africa
Allegiance	South Africa
Service / branch	South African Military Health Service
Rank	Lieutenant General
Awards
Relations	Tersia (wife)

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Daniel Pieter 'Neil' Knobel SSAS SD SOE SM MMM KStJ MBC HB PHD (29 November 1936^[1] – 22 July 2021) was a South African military commander. A medical doctor, he was Surgeon-General,^[2] in command of the South African Medical Service, from 1988 to 1997.^[3]

Medical career

Knobel was born in Edinburgh, Scotland in 1936. Educated at the Afrikaans Boys High School in Pretoria, South Africa, he graduated with an MD and as specialist anatomist at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland in 1966.^[4] After being involved in academic medicine as a teacher of anatomy to approximately 20,000 students of all health professions in both Scotland and South Africa, he retired as Professor and Head of the Anatomy Department at the University of Pretoria, South Africa in 1979.^[1]

Having served for 13 years (from 1966 to 1979) as a Medical Officer, in various staff and operational positions in the part-time forces of the South African Defence Force, he joined the Permanent Force as Chief of Staff Medical Operations, with the rank of Brigadier in 1980. During the period 1980 to 1988, he obtained the Command and Staff and Joint Staff qualifications of the SADF, and served in various capacities in numerous operations in the RSA, South West Africa, Angola and Mozambique. In 1988 he was appointed Surgeon General of the SADF with the rank of lieutenant general.^[1]

During his term of office he was responsible for the medical care of four successive State Presidents of the RSA, all foreign dignitaries, as well as providing a specialized supporting service to all the security services and the Department of Health in South Africa. He also commanded the secretive South African chemical and biological weapons program, known as Project Coast from 1988 to 1998.^[5]^[6]

Honours and awards

He officially visited 160 military and scientific installations in 14 countries, received 21 honours and awards and was decorated on seven occasions. In particular the Order of the Star of South Africa (Silver) was conferred on him by the State President of the RSA in 1992 and in 1994, Queen Elizabeth II sanctioned his promotion to Knight of the Order of St John.

Medal List

Star of South Africa (Silver) (SSAS)
Southern Cross Decoration (SD)
South African Police Star for Outstanding Service (SOE)
Southern Cross Medal (1975) (SM)
Military Merit Medal (MMM)
Pro Patria Medal
Southern Africa Medal
General Service Medal (South Africa)
Unitas (Unity) Medal
Good Service Medal (Silver (20 Years))
Good Service Medal (Bronze (10 Years))
Venerable Order of Saint John (Gr II - Knight of Justice or Grace) (KStJ)

Professional recognition

He is the author/co-author of 72 academic, military and/or scientific publications and is associated with 45 professional societies/organizations. With a special devotion to the needs of the disabled, he established the Curamus Association and Curamus Monument, for serving and ex-serving members of the Security Services of the RSA in 1989 and was awarded the World Veterans Fund Rehabilitation Prize for his work in this regard in 2000.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c "Daniel Pieter KNOBEL CV" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 December 2014. Retrieved 8 October 2012.
^ "Mandela 'Physically Fit', Surgeon General Says". The New York Times. 23 March 1996. Retrieved 17 February 2010.
^ "Testimony from South Africa's doctor..." Houston Chronicle. Retrieved 17 February 2010.
^ Knobel, Daniel Pieter (1966). Study of the mammalian breast: the development of the mammary gland in the mouse (PhD thesis). University of Edinburgh. hdl:1842/24045.
^ Gould, Chandré; Folb, Peter. "Project Coast: Apartheid's Chemical and Biological Warfare Programme" (PDF). United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 September 2012.
^ "Special Hearings: Chemical and Biological Warfare Hearings". Truth Commission Special Report. 1998.

Military offices
Preceded by Nicolaas Nieuwoudt	Chief of the South African Military Health Service 1988 – 1997	Succeeded by Davidson Masuku
Preceded by Unknown	Deputy Chief of Staff Operations 1987 – 1988	Succeeded by James Kriel
Preceded by Unknown	Chief of Medical Staff Operations 1983 – 1986	Succeeded by Charles Frederick Scheepers

[DPKnobelCV-1] "Daniel Pieter KNOBEL CV" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 December 2014. Retrieved 8 October 2012.

[2] "Mandela 'Physically Fit', Surgeon General Says". The New York Times. 23 March 1996. Retrieved 17 February 2010.

[3] "Testimony from South Africa's doctor..." Houston Chronicle. Retrieved 17 February 2010.

[4] Knobel, Daniel Pieter (1966). Study of the mammalian breast: the development of the mammary gland in the mouse (PhD thesis). University of Edinburgh. hdl:1842/24045.

[5] Gould, Chandré; Folb, Peter. "Project Coast: Apartheid's Chemical and Biological Warfare Programme" (PDF). United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 September 2012.

[6] "Special Hearings: Chemical and Biological Warfare Hearings". Truth Commission Special Report. 1998.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|South African general and doctor (1936–2021)}}
 {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2018}}
 {{Use British English|date=March 2018}}
 {{Infobox military person
-| honorific_prefix  =
+| honorific_prefix          =  [[Lieutenant General]] [[Doctor (title)|Dr]]
-| name              = Daniel Pieter Knobel
+| name                      = Daniel Pieter Knobel
-| honorific_suffix  = {{Post-nominals|country=ZAR|SSAS|SD|SOE|SM|MMM|KStJ|MBC|HB|PHD}}
+| honorific_suffix          = {{Post-nominals|country=ZAR|SSAS|SD|SOE|SM|MMM|KStJ|MBC|HB|PHD}}
-| native_name       =
+| native_name               =
-| native_name_lang  =
+| native_name_lang          =
-| image         =
+| image                     = Daniel Knobel.png
-| image_size    =
+| image_size                =
-| alt           =
+| alt                       =
-| caption       =
+| caption                   =
-| birth_date    = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1936|11|29}}
+| birth_date                = {{Birth date|df=yes|1936|11|29}}
-| death_date    = <!-- {{Death date and age|df=yes|YYYY|MM|DD|1936|11|29}} -->
+| death_date                = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2021|07|22|1936|11|29}}
-| birth_place   = [[Edinburgh]], [[Scotland]]
+| birth_place               = [[Edinburgh, Scotland]]
-| death_place   =
+| death_place               = [[Pretoria, South Africa]]
-| placeofburial =
+| placeofburial             =
-| placeofburial_label =
+| placeofburial_label       =
 | placeofburial_coordinates = <!-- {{Coord|LAT|LONG|display=inline,title}} -->
-| nickname      =
+| nickname                  = Niel
-| birth_name    =
+| birth_name                =
-| allegiance    = [[South Africa]]
+| allegiance                = South Africa
-| branch        = [[South African Military Health Service]]
+| branch                    = [[South African Military Health Service]]
-| serviceyears  =
+| serviceyears              =
-| rank          = Lieutenant General
+| rank                      = [[Lieutenant General]]
-| servicenumber =
+| servicenumber             =
-| unit          =
+| unit                      =
-| commands      =
+| commands                  =
-| battles       =
+| battles                   =
-| battles_label =
+| battles_label             =
+| awards                    = {{MilAward Stack|SSAS |SD |SOE |SM |MMM  |PP |SAM |GSM  |Unitas  |GoodServiceS |GoodServiceB |KStJ|size=x12px}}
-| awards        =  {{plainlist|
+| relations                 = Tersia (wife)
-* {{Medal Display|SSAS|25px}}
+| laterwork                 =
-* {{Medal Display|SD|25px}}
+| signature                 =
-* {{Medal Display|SOE|25px}}
+| website                   = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->
-* {{Medal Display|SM|25px}}
-* {{Medal Display|MMM|25px}}
-* {{Medal Display|KStJ|25px}}
-}}
-| relations     =
-| laterwork     =
-| signature     =
-| website       = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->
 }}
-Lieutenant-General '''Daniel 'Neil' Knobel''' <small>MBChB</small> {{Post-nominals|country=ZAR|SSAS|SD|SOE|SM|MMM|KStJ|PHD}} (born 29 November 1936)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aos.ro/site_mod/Primapagina/CV-uri/Membristraini/Daniel-Knobel.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2012-10-08 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141213013627/http://www.aos.ro/site_mod/Primapagina/CV-uri/Membristraini/Daniel-Knobel.pdf |archivedate=2014-12-13 |df= }}</ref> was a [[List of South African military chiefs|South African military commander]].  A medical doctor, he was Surgeon-General,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/03/23/world/world-news-briefs-mandela-physically-fit-surgeon-general-says.html?pagewanted=1|title=Mandela 'Physically Fit,' Surgeon General Says|date=23 March 1996|publisher=''[[The New York Times]]''|accessdate=17 February 2010}}</ref> in command of the [[South African Medical Service]], from 1988 to 1997.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chron.com/CDA/archives/archive.mpl/1998_3063910/testimony-from-south-africa-s-doctor-of-death-will.html|title=Testimony from South Africa's doctor....|publisher=''[[Houston Chronicle]]''|accessdate=17 February 2010}}</ref>
+'''Daniel Pieter 'Neil' Knobel''' {{Post-nominals|country=ZAR|SSAS|SD|SOE|SM|MMM|KStJ|MBC|HB|PHD}} (29 November 1936<ref name="DPKnobelCV">{{cite web |url=http://www.aos.ro/site_mod/Primapagina/CV-uri/Membristraini/Daniel-Knobel.pdf |title=Daniel Pieter KNOBEL CV |access-date=2012-10-08 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141213013627/http://www.aos.ro/site_mod/Primapagina/CV-uri/Membristraini/Daniel-Knobel.pdf |archive-date=2014-12-13}}</ref>{{snd}}22 July 2021) was a [[List of South African military chiefs|South African military commander]]. A medical doctor, he was Surgeon-General,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/03/23/world/world-news-briefs-mandela-physically-fit-surgeon-general-says.html?pagewanted=1|title=Mandela 'Physically Fit', Surgeon General Says|date=23 March 1996|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=17 February 2010}}</ref> in command of the [[South African Medical Service]], from 1988 to 1997.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.chron.com/CDA/archives/archive.mpl/1998_3063910/testimony-from-south-africa-s-doctor-of-death-will.html|title=Testimony from South Africa's doctor....|newspaper=[[Houston Chronicle]]|access-date=17 February 2010}}</ref>
 ==Medical career==
-Daniel Knobel was born in [[Edinburgh]], [[Scotland]] in 1936. Educated at the [[Afrikaanse Hoër Seunskool|Afrikaans Boys High School]] in [[Pretoria]], South Africa, he graduated as a Medical Doctor and Specialist Anatomist at the [[University of Edinburgh|Edinburgh University]] in Scotland in 1966.[http://hdl.handle.net/1842/24045] After being involved in Academic Medicine as a teacher of Anatomy to approximately 20,000 students of all health professions in both Scotland and South Africa, he retired as Professor and Head of the Anatomy Department at the [[University of Pretoria]], [[South Africa]] in 1979.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aos.ro/site_mod/Primapagina/CV-uri/Membristraini/Daniel-Knobel.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2012-10-08 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141213013627/http://www.aos.ro/site_mod/Primapagina/CV-uri/Membristraini/Daniel-Knobel.pdf |archivedate=2014-12-13 |df= }}</ref>
+Knobel was born in [[Edinburgh]], Scotland in 1936. Educated at the [[Afrikaanse Hoër Seunskool|Afrikaans Boys High School]] in [[Pretoria]], South Africa, he graduated with an MD and as specialist anatomist at the [[University of Edinburgh]] in Scotland in 1966.<ref>{{Cite thesis |last=Knobel |first=Daniel Pieter |date=1966 |title=Study of the mammalian breast: the development of the mammary gland in the mouse |language=en |publisher=University of Edinburgh|hdl=1842/24045|degree=PhD }}</ref> After being involved in academic medicine as a teacher of anatomy to approximately 20,000 students of all health professions in both Scotland and South Africa, he retired as Professor and Head of the Anatomy Department at the [[University of Pretoria]], [[South Africa]] in 1979.<ref name="DPKnobelCV" />
-Having served for 13 years (from 1966 to 1979) as a Medical Officer, in various Staff and Operational positions in the Part Time Forces of the South African Defence Force, he joined the Permanent Force as Chief of Staff Medical Operations, with the rank of Brigadier in 1980.
+Having served for 13 years (from 1966 to 1979) as a Medical Officer, in various staff and operational positions in the part-time forces of the South African Defence Force, he joined the Permanent Force as Chief of Staff Medical Operations, with the rank of Brigadier in 1980. During the period 1980 to 1988, he obtained the Command and Staff and Joint Staff qualifications of the SADF, and served in various capacities in numerous operations in the RSA, South West Africa, Angola and Mozambique. In 1988 he was appointed Surgeon General of the SADF with the rank of lieutenant general.<ref name="DPKnobelCV" />
-During the Period 1980 to 1988, he obtained the Command and Staff and Joint Staff qualifications of the SADF, and served in various capacities in numerous operations in the RSA, South West Africa, Angola and Mozambique. In 1988 he was appointed as Surgeon General of the SADF with the rank of Lieutenant General.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aos.ro/site_mod/Primapagina/CV-uri/Membristraini/Daniel-Knobel.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2012-10-08 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141213013627/http://www.aos.ro/site_mod/Primapagina/CV-uri/Membristraini/Daniel-Knobel.pdf |archivedate=2014-12-13 |df= }}</ref>
-During his term of office he was responsible for the medical care of four successive State Presidents of the RSA, all Foreign Dignitaries, as well as providing a specialized supporting service to all the Security Services and the Department of Health in South Africa.
+During his term of office he was responsible for the medical care of four successive State Presidents of the RSA, all foreign dignitaries, as well as providing a specialized supporting service to all the security services and the Department of Health in South Africa.  He also commanded the secretive South African chemical and biological weapons program, known as [[Project Coast]] from 1988 to 1998.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Gould|first1=Chandré|last2=Folb|first2=Peter|title=Project Coast: Apartheid's Chemical and Biological Warfare Programme|journal=United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research|url=http://www.unidir.org/pdf/ouvrages/pdf-1-92-9045-144-0-en.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120913222559/http://www.unidir.org/pdf/ouvrages/pdf-1-92-9045-144-0-en.pdf|archive-date=13 September 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/documents/special/cbw/56261.htm|website=Truth Commission Special Report|title=Special Hearings: Chemical and Biological Warfare Hearings|year=1998}}</ref>
 ==Honours and awards==
-He officially visited 160 Military and Scientific installations in 14 Countries, received 21 honours and awards and was decorated on seven occasions. In particular the [[Order of the Star of South Africa]] (Silver) was conferred on him by the State President of the RSA in 1992 and in 1994, HM the Queen, Queen Elizabeth the 2nd, sanctioned his promotion to [[Venerable Order of Saint John|Knight of the Order of St John]].
+He officially visited 160 military and scientific installations in 14 countries, received 21 honours and awards and was decorated on seven occasions. In particular the [[Order of the Star of South Africa]] (Silver) was conferred on him by the State President of the RSA in 1992 and in 1994, [[Elizabeth II|Queen Elizabeth II]] sanctioned his promotion to [[Venerable Order of Saint John|Knight of the Order of St John]].
 === Medal List ===
-* {{Medal Display|SSAS}}
+* {{MilAward Desc|SSAS|x25px}}
-* {{Medal Display|SD}}
+* {{MilAward Desc|SD|x25px}}
-* {{Medal Display|SOE}}
+* {{MilAward Desc|SOE|x25px}}
-* {{Medal Display|SM}}
+* {{MilAward Desc|SM|x25px}}
-* {{Medal Display|MMM}}
+* {{MilAward Desc|MMM|x25px}}
-* {{Medal Display |PP}}
+* {{MilAward Desc |PP|x25px}}
-* {{Medal Display|SAM}}
+* {{MilAward Desc|SAM|x25px}}
-* {{Medal Display|GSM}}
+* {{MilAward Desc|GSM|x25px}}
-* {{Medal Display |Unitas}}
+* {{MilAward Desc |Unitas|x25px}}
-* {{Medal Display |GoodServiceS}}
+* {{MilAward Desc |GoodServiceS|x25px}}
-* {{Medal Display|GoodServiceB}}
+* {{MilAward Desc|GoodServiceB|x25px}}
-* {{Medal Display|KStJ}}
+* {{MilAward Desc|KStJ|x25px}}
-==Professional Recognition==
+==Professional recognition==
-He is the author/co-author of 72 Academic, Military and/or Scientific publications and is associated with 45 Professional Societies/Organizations. With a special devotion to the needs of the Disabled, he established the Curamus Association and Curamus Monument, for serving and ex-serving members of the Security Services of the RSA in 1989 and was awarded the World Veterans Fund Rehabilitation Prize for his work in this regard in 2000.
+He is the author/co-author of 72 academic, military and/or scientific publications and is associated with 45 professional societies/organizations. With a special devotion to the needs of the disabled, he established the Curamus Association and Curamus Monument, for serving and ex-serving members of the Security Services of the RSA in 1989 and was awarded the World Veterans Fund Rehabilitation Prize for his work in this regard in 2000.
 ==See also==
@@ Line 78: / Line 71: @@
 ==References==
-{{reflist|2}}
+{{reflist}}
 {{s-start}}
 {{s-mil}}
 {{s-bef | before = [[Nicolaas Nieuwoudt]] }}
-{{s-ttl | title = Chief of the [[South African Military Health Service]]| | years =  1988{{snd}}1997}}
+{{s-ttl | title = Chief of the [[South African Military Health Service]]| | years = 1988{{snd}}1997}}
-{{s-aft | after = [[Davidson Masuku]]  }}
+{{s-aft | after = [[Davidson Masuku]] }}
 {{s-bef| before=Unknown}}
 {{s-ttl| title=Deputy Chief of Staff Operations|years=1987{{snd}}1988}}
 {{s-aft | after = [[James Kriel]]}}
+{{s-bef| before=Unknown}}
+{{s-ttl| title=Chief of Medical Staff Operations|years=1983{{snd}}1986}}
+{{s-aft | after = [[Charles Frederick Scheepers]]}}
 {{s-end}}
@@ Line 97: / Line 90: @@
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Knobel, Daniel}}
 [[Category:1936 births]]
-[[Category:Living people]]
+[[Category:2021 deaths]]
-[[Category:People from Edinburgh]]
+[[Category:Military personnel from Edinburgh]]
-[[Category:South African military personnel]]
+[[Category:South African military doctors]]
 [[Category:White South African people]]
 [[Category:South African military personnel of the Border War]]
 [[Category:Knights of the Order of St John]]
 [[Category:Alumni of the University of Edinburgh]]
+[[Category:Alumni of Afrikaanse Hoër Seunskool]]
+[[Category:South Africa and weapons of mass destruction]]

v t e Surgeons General of the South African Military Health Service
List of South African military chiefs
Surgeons General of the South African Medical Service Pre–1994	Eugene Raymond Colin Cockcroft Nicolaas Nieuwoudt Daniel Knobel
Surgeons General of the South African Military Health Service Post–1994	Daniel Knobel Davidson Masuku Jurinus Janse van Rensburg Vejaynand Ramlakan Aubrey Sedibe Zola Dabula Ntshavheni Maphaha