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Coordinates: 17°12′S 70°56′W / 17.200°S 70.933°W / -17.200; -70.933
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{{about|the city}}
{{about|the city}}

{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name = Moquegua
|official_name = Moquegua
Line 7: Line 6:
|nickname =
|nickname =
|motto =
|motto =
|image_skyline = View of Moquegua Peru 2005.jpg
| image_skyline = {{Photomontage
| photo1a = Plazamoquegua.JPG
| photo2a = Ciudad de Moquegua - Bodega NORVILL.jpg
| photo2b = View of Moquegua Peru 2005.jpg
| photo3a = Estadio_25_de_Noviembre_Aereo.JPG
| photo3b = Ciudad_de_Moquegua_-_Iglesia_Matriz.jpg
| photo4a = Moquegua Complejo Santo Domingo2.jpg
| spacing = 1
| position = center
| color_border = white
| color = white
| size = 260
| foot_montage =
}}
|imagesize =
|imagesize =
|image_caption = View of Moquegua
|image_caption = '''From the top:''' Main square, NorVill winery, View of Moquegua, 25 November stadium, Old matrix church and Santo Domingo complex
|image_flag = Flag of Moquegua.svg
|image_flag = Flag of Moquegua.svg
|flag_size = 100px
|flag_size = 100px
Line 23: Line 35:
|pushpin_map = Peru
|pushpin_map = Peru
|pushpin_label_position = left
|pushpin_label_position = left
|coordinates_region = PE
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = {{PER}}
|subdivision_name = {{PER}}
|subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Peru|Region]]
|subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Peru|Department]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[Moquegua Region]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[Department of Moquegua|Moquegua]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[Provinces of Peru|Province]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[Provinces of Peru|Province]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Mariscal Nieto Province|Mariscal Nieto]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Mariscal Nieto Province|Mariscal Nieto]]
|subdivision_type3 = [[Districts of Peru|District]]
|subdivision_type3 = [[Districts of Peru|District]]
|subdivision_name3 = [[Moquegua District]]
|subdivision_name3 = [[Moquegua District|Moquegua]]
|subdivision_type4 =
|subdivision_type4 =
|subdivision_name4 =
|subdivision_name4 =
|government_type =
|government_type =
|leader_title = Mayor
|leader_title = Mayor
|leader_name = Alberto Coayla (a.k.a "El Magister")
|leader_name = Abraham Alejandro Cárdenas Romero<br><small>(2019–2022)</small>
|leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager -->
|leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager -->
|leader_name1 =
|leader_name1 =
Line 54: Line 65:
|unit_pref = <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->
|unit_pref = <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->
|area_footnotes =
|area_footnotes =
|area_total_km2 =
|area_total_km2 = 3949
|area_land_km2 =
|area_land_km2 =
|area_water_km2 =
|area_water_km2 =
Line 65: Line 76:
|area_metro_km2 =
|area_metro_km2 =
|area_metro_sq_mi =
|area_metro_sq_mi =
|population_as_of =
|pop_est_as_of =2015
|pop_est_footnotes =<ref>{{cite report |url=http://proyectos.inei.gob.pe/web/biblioineipub/bancopub/Est/Lib1020/cuadros/c0206.xls |title=Perú: Población estimada al 30 de junio y tasa de crecimiento de las ciudades capitales, por departamento, 2011 y 2015 |work=Perú: Estimaciones y proyecciones de población total por sexo de las principales ciudades, 2012–2015 |publisher=Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática |date=March 2012 |access-date=2015-06-03}}</ref>
|population_est =60572
|population_as_of = 2017
|population_footnotes =
|population_footnotes =
|population_note =
|population_note =
|settlement_type = City <!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City)-->
|settlement_type = City <!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City)-->
|population_total =
|population_total = 69882
|population_density_km2 =
|population_density_km2 = auto
|population_density_sq_mi =
|population_density_sq_mi =
|population_metro =
|population_metro =
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|population_density_urban_km2 =
|population_density_urban_km2 =
|population_density_urban_mi2 =
|population_density_urban_mi2 =
|population_demonym = Moqueguano/a
|timezone =
|utc_offset =
|timezone = [[Time in Peru|PET]]
|utc_offset = -5
|timezone_DST =
|timezone_DST =
|utc_offset_DST =
|utc_offset_DST =
|latd = 17
|coordinates = {{coord|17|12|S|70|56|W|region:PE|display=inline}}
|latm = 12
|lats =
|latNS = S
|longd = 70
|longm = 56
|longs =
|longEW = W
|elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> tags-->
|elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> tags-->
|elevation_m = 1410
|elevation_m = 1410
|elevation_ft =
|elevation_ft =
|postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... -->
|postal_code_type = Postal code
|postal_code =
|postal_code = 18001
|area_code =
|area_code =
|website = [http://www.munimoquegua.gob.pe/ www.munimoquegua.gob.pe]
|website = {{official website|http://www.munimoquegua.gob.pe}}
|footnotes =
|footnotes =
}}[[File:Ciudad de Moquegua - Iglesia Matriz.jpg|thumb|right|Facade of Matriz church]]
}}
'''Moquegua''' ({{IPA-es|moˈkeɣwa}}, founded by the Spanish colonists as '''Villa de Santa Catalina de Guadalcázar del Valle de Moquegua''') is a city in southern Peru, located in the [[Moquegua Region]], of which it is the capital. It is also capital of [[Mariscal Nieto Province]] and [[Moquegua District]]. It is located 1144 kilometers south of the capital city of [[Lima]].
'''Moquegua''' ({{IPA|es|moˈkeɣwa}}, founded by the Spanish colonists as '''Villa de Santa Catalina de Guadalcázar del Valle de Moquegua''') is a city in southern Peru, located in the [[Department of Moquegua]], of which it is the capital. It is also capital of [[Mariscal Nieto Province]] and [[Moquegua District]]. It is located 1144 kilometers south of the capital city of [[Lima]].


==History==
==History==
[[Image:Co-Catedral Santo Domingo de la Ciudad de Moquegua.jpg|thumb|left|Cathedral]]
[[File:Co-Catedral Santo Domingo de la Ciudad de Moquegua.jpg|thumb|left|Cathedral]]
[[File:Ciudad de Moquegua - Plaza de armas.jpg|thumb|left|Plaza de Armas of Moquegua, designed by [[Gustave Eiffel]]]]
[[File:Ciudad de Moquegua - Plaza de armas.jpg|thumb|left|Plaza de Armas of Moquegua, designed by [[Gustave Eiffel]]]]
This region was occupied for thousands of years by successive cultures of [[indigenous peoples]]. The [[Wari culture]] built numerous monuments, and developed [[terrace (agriculture)|terraced fields]] to support crop cultivation on hillsides hundreds of years before the [[Inca]] conquered them and expanded their territory into this area. [[Osmore River#Cerro Baul|Cerro Baúl]] is the remains of a Wari monumental site, on top of a hill outside of Moquegua.{{cn|date=January 2023}}
[[File:Ciudad de Moquegua - Iglesia Matriz.jpg|thumb|left|Facade of Matriz church]]
This region was occupied for thousands of years by successive cultures of [[indigenous peoples]]. The [[Wari']] culture built numerous monuments, and developed [[terrace (agriculture)|terraced fields]] to support crop cultivation on hillsides hundreds of years before the [[Inca]] conquered them and expanded their territory into this area. ''Cerro Baúl'' is the remains of a Wari monumental site, on top of a hill outside of Moquegua.


Numerous [[Tiwanaku]] sites are also in the area. It was an important colonial center for the Tiwanaku state. The valley is the only area of Peru to house both Wari and Tiwanaku ruins.
Numerous [[Tiwanaku]] sites are also in the area. It was an important colonial center for the Tiwanaku state. The valley is the only area of Peru to house both Wari and Tiwanaku ruins.


The [[Chiribaya culture]] flourished in the Moquegua area and near the Pacific island coast from about 1000 until 1360.{{cn|date=January 2023}}
According to [[Inca Garcilaso de la Vega]], the Inca Emperor [[Mayta Cápac]] organized the military expedition that extended the Inca domains to the shore of the Pacific. They overcame other indigenous peoples in the 15th century; in the next century they were conquered by the Spanish.


According to [[Inca Garcilaso de la Vega]], the Inca Emperor [[Mayta Cápac]] organized the military expedition that extended the Inca domains to the shore of the Pacific. They overcame other indigenous peoples in the 15th century; in the next century they were conquered by the Spanish.{{cn|date=January 2023}}
There is no definite information about the year of the city's founding by the Spanish. Tradition holds that the colonial city was founded on November 25, 1541, by Pedro Cansino and his wife Josefina de Bilbao.

There is no definite information about the year of the city's founding by the Spanish. Tradition holds that the colonial city was founded on 25 November 1541, by Pedro Cansino and his wife Josefina de Bilbao.{{cn|date=January 2023}}

==Geography==
===Climate===

{{Weather box|width=auto
|metric first=y
|single line=y
|collapsed = Y
|location = Moquegua, elevation {{convert|1420|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1991–2020)
|Jan high C = 27.0
|Feb high C = 27.1
|Mar high C = 27.4
|Apr high C = 26.8
|May high C = 26.7
|Jun high C = 26.4
|Jul high C = 26.5
|Aug high C = 27.1
|Sep high C = 27.3
|Oct high C = 27.4
|Nov high C = 27.3
|Dec high C = 27.2
|year high C =
|Jan low C = 13.2
|Feb low C = 13.7
|Mar low C = 13.3
|Apr low C = 11.8
|May low C = 10.4
|Jun low C = 9.6
|Jul low C = 9.5
|Aug low C = 9.9
|Sep low C = 10.3
|Oct low C = 10.7
|Nov low C = 11.1
|Dec low C = 12.2
|year low C =
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 6.3
|Feb precipitation mm = 6.9
|Mar precipitation mm = 2.8
|Apr precipitation mm = 0.2
|May precipitation mm = 0.0
|Jun precipitation mm = 0.0
|Jul precipitation mm = 0.1
|Aug precipitation mm = 0.0
|Sep precipitation mm = 0.0
|Oct precipitation mm = 0.0
|Nov precipitation mm = 0.0
|Dec precipitation mm = 0.9
|year precipitation mm =
|source 1 = National Meteorology and Hydrology Service of Peru<ref name = SENAMHI>{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230821192714/https://www.senamhi.gob.pe/?p=normales-estaciones
| archive-date = 21 August 2023
| url = https://www.senamhi.gob.pe/?p=normales-estaciones
| title = Normales Climaticás Estándares y Medias 1991-2020
| publisher=National Meteorology and Hydrology Service of Peru
| access-date = 6 November 2023}}</ref>
}}


==Tourism==
==Tourism==
This city is located in the mountains of the [[Moquegua region|region]] of the same name. It has many gardens and other tourist attractions, which make it a popular destination in [[Peru]].
This city is located in the mountains of the [[Moquegua region|region]] of the same name. It has many gardens and other tourist attractions, which make it a popular destination in [[Peru]].{{cn|date=January 2023}}


The '''Plaza de Armas''', is the Main Square and center of the city. It was designed in the 19th century by the French architect, [[Gustave Eiffel]], who designed the [[Eiffel Tower]] in Paris.
The '''Plaza de Armas''', is the Main Square and center of the city. It was designed in the 19th century by the French architect, [[Gustave Eiffel]], who designed the [[Eiffel Tower]] in Paris. In this main square the [[Jose Carlos Mariategui]] Museum and the Contisuyo Museum, are located.


The '''Casa del Regidor Perpetuo de la Ciudad''', is a house built in the 18th century. It has a front of carved stone. Operated as a house museum, it is furnished with high quality antiques.
The '''Casa del Regidor Perpetuo de la Ciudad''', is a house built in the 18th century. It has a front of carved stone. Operated as a house museum, it is furnished with high quality antiques.


The district of '''Torata''', located 24&nbsp;km away from the city, has traditional houses with ''mojinete'' roofs. The parish church has beautiful wood carvings.
The district of '''Torata''', located 24&nbsp;km away from the city, has traditional houses with ''mojinete'' roofs. The parish church has beautiful wood carvings.


The [[Pan-American Highway]] passes through the city.
The [[Pan-American Highway]] passes through the city.


==Economy==
==Economy==
Moquegua's economy is largely based on mining. Resources include copper, silver, gold and molybdenum. Cuajone and part of Toquepala Mine are located in the Mcal. Nieto Province. A copper smelter and refinery to treat copper concentrates from those mines is located in Ilo province.
Moquegua's economy is largely based on mining. Resources include copper, silver, gold and [[molybdenum]]. Cuajone and part of Toquepala Mine are located in the Mcal. Nieto Province. A copper smelter and refinery to treat copper concentrates from those mines is located in Ilo province.{{cn|date=January 2023}}

==See also==
*[[Ilo, Peru|Ilo]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{commons category}}
{{commons category}}
* {{es icon}} [http://www.surnoticias.com Sur Noticias] - Southern Peru news website
* {{in lang|es}} [http://www.surnoticias.com Sur Noticias] - Southern Peru news website
* {{es icon}} [http://www.munimoquegua.gob.pe Municipalidad de Moquegua] - Moquegua Municipality
* {{in lang|es}} [http://www.munimoquegua.gob.pe Municipalidad de Moquegua] - Moquegua Municipality
{{Regional capitals of Peru}}

{{Coord|17|12|S|70|56|W|region:PE_type:city|display=title}}
{{Coord|17|12|S|70|56|W|region:PE_type:city|display=title}}


{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Moquegua| ]]
[[Category:Populated places in the Moquegua Region]]
[[Category:Populated places in the Moquegua Region]]
[[Category:Wari culture]]
[[Category:Regional capital cities in Peru]]
[[Category:Populated places established in the 16th century]]
{{Peru-stub}}

Latest revision as of 02:48, 13 August 2024

This article is about the city. For other uses, see Moquegua (disambiguation).
Moquegua
City
From the top: Main square, NorVill winery, View of Moquegua, 25 November stadium, Old matrix church and Santo Domingo complex
Flag of Moquegua
Flag
Coat of arms of Moquegua
Coat of arms
Moquegua is located in Peru
Moquegua
Moquegua
Coordinates: 17°12′S 70°56′W / 17.200°S 70.933°W / -17.200; -70.933
Country Peru
DepartmentMoquegua
ProvinceMariscal Nieto
DistrictMoquegua
Government
 • MayorAbraham Alejandro Cárdenas Romero
(2019–2022)
Area
 • Total
3,949 km2 (1,525 sq mi)
Elevation
1,410 m (4,630 ft)
Population
 (2017)
 • Total
69,882
 • Estimate 
(2015)[1]
60,572
 • Density18/km2 (46/sq mi)
DemonymMoqueguano/a
Time zoneUTC-5 (PET)
Postal code
18001
WebsiteOfficial website
Facade of Matriz church

Moquegua (Spanish pronunciation: [moˈkeɣwa], founded by the Spanish colonists as Villa de Santa Catalina de Guadalcázar del Valle de Moquegua) is a city in southern Peru, located in the Department of Moquegua, of which it is the capital. It is also capital of Mariscal Nieto Province and Moquegua District. It is located 1144 kilometers south of the capital city of Lima.

History

[edit]
Cathedral
Plaza de Armas of Moquegua, designed by Gustave Eiffel

This region was occupied for thousands of years by successive cultures of indigenous peoples. The Wari culture built numerous monuments, and developed terraced fields to support crop cultivation on hillsides hundreds of years before the Inca conquered them and expanded their territory into this area. Cerro Baúl is the remains of a Wari monumental site, on top of a hill outside of Moquegua.[citation needed]

Numerous Tiwanaku sites are also in the area. It was an important colonial center for the Tiwanaku state. The valley is the only area of Peru to house both Wari and Tiwanaku ruins.

The Chiribaya culture flourished in the Moquegua area and near the Pacific island coast from about 1000 until 1360.[citation needed]

According to Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, the Inca Emperor Mayta Cápac organized the military expedition that extended the Inca domains to the shore of the Pacific. They overcame other indigenous peoples in the 15th century; in the next century they were conquered by the Spanish.[citation needed]

There is no definite information about the year of the city's founding by the Spanish. Tradition holds that the colonial city was founded on 25 November 1541, by Pedro Cansino and his wife Josefina de Bilbao.[citation needed]

Geography

[edit]

Climate

[edit]
Climate data for Moquegua, elevation 1,420 m (4,660 ft), (1991–2020)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 27.0
(80.6) 		27.1
(80.8) 		27.4
(81.3) 		26.8
(80.2) 		26.7
(80.1) 		26.4
(79.5) 		26.5
(79.7) 		27.1
(80.8) 		27.3
(81.1) 		27.4
(81.3) 		27.3
(81.1) 		27.2
(81.0) 		27.0
(80.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 13.2
(55.8) 		13.7
(56.7) 		13.3
(55.9) 		11.8
(53.2) 		10.4
(50.7) 		9.6
(49.3) 		9.5
(49.1) 		9.9
(49.8) 		10.3
(50.5) 		10.7
(51.3) 		11.1
(52.0) 		12.2
(54.0) 		11.3
(52.4)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 6.3
(0.25) 		6.9
(0.27) 		2.8
(0.11) 		0.2
(0.01) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.1
(0.00) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.9
(0.04) 		17.2
(0.68)
Source: National Meteorology and Hydrology Service of Peru[2]

Tourism

[edit]

This city is located in the mountains of the region of the same name. It has many gardens and other tourist attractions, which make it a popular destination in Peru.[citation needed]

The Plaza de Armas, is the Main Square and center of the city. It was designed in the 19th century by the French architect, Gustave Eiffel, who designed the Eiffel Tower in Paris. In this main square the Jose Carlos Mariategui Museum and the Contisuyo Museum, are located.

The Casa del Regidor Perpetuo de la Ciudad, is a house built in the 18th century. It has a front of carved stone. Operated as a house museum, it is furnished with high quality antiques.

The district of Torata, located 24 km away from the city, has traditional houses with mojinete roofs. The parish church has beautiful wood carvings.

The Pan-American Highway passes through the city.

Economy

[edit]

Moquegua's economy is largely based on mining. Resources include copper, silver, gold and molybdenum. Cuajone and part of Toquepala Mine are located in the Mcal. Nieto Province. A copper smelter and refinery to treat copper concentrates from those mines is located in Ilo province.[citation needed]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Perú: Población estimada al 30 de junio y tasa de crecimiento de las ciudades capitales, por departamento, 2011 y 2015. Perú: Estimaciones y proyecciones de población total por sexo de las principales ciudades, 2012–2015 (Report). Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática. March 2012. Retrieved 2015-06-03.
  2. ^ "Normales Climaticás Estándares y Medias 1991-2020". National Meteorology and Hydrology Service of Peru. Archived from the original on 21 August 2023. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
[edit]
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