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{{Short description|Peruvian anthropologist (1891–1987)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2020}}
{{Spanish name|Valcárcel|Vizcarra}}
{{family name hatnote|Valcárcel|Vizcarra|lang=Spanish}}
{{Infobox officeholder
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific_prefix = [[Order of the Sun of Peru|OSP]]
| name = Luis Eduardo Valcárcel
| name = Luis Eduardo Valcárcel
| office1 = [[Ministry of Education (Peru)|Minister of Education of Peru]]
| office1 = [[Ministry of Education (Peru)|Minister of Education of Peru]]
| image = Luis E. Valcárcel.jpg
| image = Luis E. Valcárcel.jpg
| predecessor1 = [[Jorge Basadre Grohmann]]
| predecessor1 = [[Jorge Basadre Grohmann]]
| primeminister1 = [[Rafael Belaúnde Diez Canseco]]<br>[[Julio Ernesto Portugal]]
| primeminister1 = Rafael Belaúnde Diez Canseco<br />Julio Ernesto Portugal
| successor1 = [[Cristóbal de Losada y Puga]]
| president1 = [[José Bustamante y Rivero]]
| successor1 = [[Cristóbal de Losada y Puga]]
| president1 = [[José Bustamante y Rivero]]
| party =
| party =
| birth_name = Luis Eduardo Valcárcel Vizcarra
| birth_name = Luis Eduardo Valcárcel Vizcarra
| birth_date = {{birth date|1891|2|8|df=y}}
| birth_date = {{birth date|1891|2|8|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Ilo, Peru|Ilo]], Peru
| birth_place = [[Ilo, Peru|Ilo]], Peru
| death_date = {{death date and age|1987|12|26|1891|2|8|df=y}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|1987|12|26|1891|2|8|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Lima]], Peru
| death_place = [[Lima]], Peru
| death_cause =
| death_cause =
| nationality = Peruvian
| alma_mater =
| alma_mater =
| occupation = Historian, anthropologist
| occupation = Historian, anthropologist
| term_start1 = 1945
| term_start1 = 1945
| term_end1 = 1947
| term_end1 = 1947
| awards = *Knight of the [[Legion of Honour]]
| awards = *Knight of the [[Legion of Honour]]
*Commander of the [[Order of Merit of the Italian Republic]]
*Commander of the [[Order of Merit of the Italian Republic]]
*Great [[Order of the Sun of Peru]]
*Great [[Order of the Sun of Peru]]
*Congressional Medal of Honor in the Degree of Grand Officer
*Congressional Medal of Honor in the Degree of Grand Officer
}}
}}
'''Luis Eduardo Valcárcel Vizcarra''' (8 February 1891 – 26 December 1987) was a [[Peruvians|Peruvian]] historian, [[anthropologist]] and activist. He was a researcher of pre-Hispanic Peru and one of the protagonists of the ''[[Indigenismo]]'' movement. He is considered the father of Peruvian anthropology, and his work focused on two fundamental axes: the revaluation of the [[Inca Empire]] and the vindication of the [[Andean culture (disambiguation)|Andean culture]]<!--Intentional link to DAB page-->. He brought awareness to the continuity that links the peasant of the [[Andes]] with the man of the [[Religion in the Inca Empire|Tahuantinsuyu]].
'''Luis Eduardo Valcárcel Vizcarra''' (8 February 1891 – 26 December 1987) was a [[Peruvians|Peruvian]] historian, [[anthropologist]], writer and activist. He was a researcher of pre-Hispanic Peru and one of the protagonists of the ''[[Indigenismo]]'' movement. He is considered the father of Peruvian anthropology, and his work focused on two fundamental axes: the revaluation of the [[Inca Empire]] and the vindication of the [[Andean culture (disambiguation)|Andean culture]]<!--Intentional link to DAB page-->. He brought awareness to the continuity that links the peasant of the [[Andes]] with the man of the [[Religion in the Inca Empire|Tahuantinsuyu]].


== Biography ==
== Biography ==
His parents, Domingo L. Valcárcel and Leticia Vizcarra, took him at an early age to the city of [[Cuzco]] in 1892, where he lived for the next four decades. He completed his secondary studies at the Seminario de San Antonio Abad, and then went on to the Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, where he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts with a thesis entitled: ''Kon, [[Pachacamac]] and [[Viracocha|Wiracocha]]'' (1912), later as a Doctor (11-21-1912); Bachelor in Political and Administrative Sciences with the thesis titled ''The Agrarian Question in Cuzco'' (1913); Bachelor of Jurisprudence, with the thesis ''De Ayllu al Imperio'' (1916); and Dr. (1916) as well as becoming a lawyer.<ref>{{cite book |last=Alberto|first=Tauro|date= |title=Enciclopedia ilustrada del Perú : síntesis del conocimiento integral del Perú, desde sus orígenes hasta la actualidad. 17 VAC – ZUZ|trans-title=
His parents, Domingo L. Valcárcel and Leticia Vizcarra, had him at an early age in the city of [[Cuzco]] in 1892, where he lived for the next four decades. He completed his secondary studies at the [[Saint Anthony the Abbot Seminary|Seminario de San Antonio Abad]], and then went on to the Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, where he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts with a thesis entitled: ''Kon, [[Pachacamac]] and [[Viracocha|Wiracocha]]'' (1912), later as a Doctor (11-21-1912); Bachelor in Political and Administrative Sciences with the thesis titled ''The Agrarian Question in Cuzco'' (1913); Bachelor of Jurisprudence, with the thesis ''De Ayllu al Imperio'' (1916); and Dr. (1916) as well as becoming a lawyer.<ref>{{cite book |last=Alberto|first=Tauro|title=Enciclopedia ilustrada del Perú : síntesis del conocimiento integral del Perú, desde sus orígenes hasta la actualidad. 17 VAC – ZUZ|year=2001|trans-title=Illustrated Encyclopedia of Peru: synthesis of comprehensive knowledge of Peru, from its origins to the present day. 17 VAC – ZUZ|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/253650622|language=es|location=Peru|publisher=PEISA, Promoción Ed. Inca S.A.|isbn=9972401669|oclc=253650622}}</ref> In 1909, he participated in the university strike that transformed the university into a more modern, democratic institution concerned with the regional problems of Cuzco, thanks to the appointment of the American [[Albert Giesecke]] as rector.
Illustrated Encyclopedia of Peru: synthesis of comprehensive knowledge of Peru, from its origins to the present day. 17 VAC – ZUZ|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/253650622|language=Spanish|location=Peru|publisher=PEISA, Promoción Ed. Inca S.A.|isbn=9972401669}}</ref> In 1909 he participated in the university strike that transformed the university into a more modern, democratic institution concerned with the regional problems of Cuzco, thanks to the appointment of the American [[Albert Giesecke]] as rector.


He taught beginning in 1917 at the National College of Sciences and Arts of Cusco and at the aforementioned National University. He founded the first Anthropological Museum of Cuzco and the University Archive. He was director of [[El Comercio (Peru)|El Comercio]] of [[Cuzco]] and editorial writer for the newspapers El Sol, La Sierra, and El Sur. In 1920, he formed the "Resurgence" group with students and intellectuals from Cuzco, such as José Uriel García, Luis Felipe Aguilar and the brothers Félix Cosío Medina and José Gabriel Cosío Medina, a group that defended the indigenous people from the injustices they suffered, thus starting the ''[[Indigenismo]]'' movement that this group later called the "[[Cusqueña School]]", which spread in various areas of culture at the national level. Some of its representatives are for example in literature, [[José María Arguedas]], [[Ciro Alegría]], [[Enrique López Albújar]], in painting, [[José Sabogal]], [[Julia Codesido]], [[José Camilo Blas]], in poetry, [[Cesar Vallejo]], and others.
He taught beginning in 1917 at the [[National College of Sciences and Arts of Cusco]] and at the aforementioned National University. He founded the first Anthropological Museum of Cuzco and the University Archive. He was director of [[El Comercio (Peru)|El Comercio]] of [[Cuzco]] and editorial writer for the newspapers El Sol, La Sierra, and El Sur. In 1920, he formed the "Resurgence" group with students and intellectuals from Cuzco, such as José Uriel García, Luis Felipe Aguilar and the brothers Félix Cosío Medina and José Gabriel Cosío Medina, a group that defended the indigenous people from the injustices they suffered, thus starting the ''[[Indigenismo]]'' movement that this group later called the "[[Cusqueña School]]", which spread in various areas of culture at the national level. Some of its representatives are for example; in literature, [[José María Arguedas]], [[Ciro Alegría]], [[Enrique López Albújar]], in painting, [[José Sabogal]], [[Julia Codesido]], [[José Camilo Blas]], in poetry, [[Cesar Vallejo]], and others.


He maintained close relations with the thinker [[José Carlos Mariátegui]], and with the group linked to the magazine [[Amauta (magazine)|''Amauta'']]. So also with other intellectuals such as the thinker and politician Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre who directs his 1927 essay "The Indian Problem" to the group Resurgence. At the beginning of the third decade of the 20th century, he was called to [[Lima]] to be appointed Director of the Bolivarian Museum; and soon obtained the same position in the [[National Museum of Archaeology, Anthropology and History of Peru]]. On retirement, in 1964, he was aappointed as Director Emeritus of the National Museums.
He maintained close relations with the philosopher [[José Carlos Mariátegui]], and with the group linked to the magazine [[Amauta (magazine)|''Amauta'']]. He additionally kept relations with other intellectuals such as the philosopher and politician Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre who directed his 1927 essay "The Indian Problem" to the group Resurgence. At the beginning of the third decade of the 20th century, he was called to [[Lima]] to be appointed Director of the Bolivarian Museum; and soon obtained the same position in the [[National Museum of Archaeology, Anthropology and History of Peru]]. On retirement, in 1964, he was appointed as Director Emeritus of the National Museums.


He played an important role in the four hundredth anniversary of Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos of [[Lima]], where he was in charge of the chairs of: History of the Incas, History of [[Culture of Peru|Peruvian Culture]], and Introduction to [[Ethnology]]. In addition, he was Director-Founder of the Institute of Ethnology, Dean of the Faculty of Arts, and Professor Emeritus. He also held a teaching career at [[Columbia University]] in New York City.
He played an important role in the four hundredth anniversary of Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos of [[Lima]], where he chaired: History of the Incas, History of [[Culture of Peru|Peruvian Culture]], and Introduction to [[Ethnology]]. In addition, he was Director-Founder of the Institute of Ethnology, Dean of the Faculty of Arts, and Professor Emeritus. He also held a teaching career at [[Columbia University]] in New York City.


== Jobs and public life ==
== Jobs and public life ==
He was Minister of Public Education (from 1945 to 1947, a position which reflected the establishment of peasant school nuclei, a network of rural schools that it integrated education, health and work for children and members of a peasant community. He followed the example of Waynasata de Bolivia (1945).<ref>Jorge Basadre: "Life and History"</ref> President of the Institute of Peruvian Studies, of the National Association of Writers and Artists (ANEA), of the Peruvian American Cultural Institute ([[ICPNA]]), and of the Inter-American Committee of [[Folklore]]; Director of the Peruvian Indian Institute; Member of the Peruvian Executive Committee of [[Unesco]]; Vice President of the National Academy of History, and of the Center for Military-Historical Studies.
He was Minister of Public Education (from 1945 to 1947, a position which reflected the establishment of peasant school nuclei, a network of rural schools that it integrated education, health and work for children and members of a peasant community. He followed the example of Waynasata de Bolivia (1945).<ref>Jorge Basadre: "Life and History"</ref> President of the Institute of Peruvian Studies, of the National Association of Writers and Artists (ANEA), of the [[Peruvian North American Cultural Institute]] ([[ICPNA]]), and of the Inter-American Committee of [[Folklore]]; Director of the Peruvian Indian Institute; Member of the Peruvian Executive Committee of [[Unesco]]; Vice President of the National Academy of History, and of the Center for Military-Historical Studies.


The Quechua language and Andean popular culture were his concern, as the Ministry of Education, the University and from their publications. He promoted the reactivation of Intiraymi in Cuzco.<ref>Tauro del Pino: ''Illustrated Encyclopedia of Peru'', volume 17</ref> He was nominated for a [[Nobel Peace Prize]].<ref>https://www.serperuano.com/2018/02/luis-eduardo-valcarcel-2/</ref>
The Quechua language and Andean popular culture were his concern, as the Ministry of Education, the University and from their publications. He promoted the reactivation of [[Inti Raymi]] in Cuzco.<ref>Tauro del Pino: ''Illustrated Encyclopedia of Peru'', volume 17</ref> He was nominated for a [[Nobel Peace Prize]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.serperuano.com/2018/02/luis-eduardo-valcarcel-2/|title=LUIS EDUARDO VALCÁRCEL &#124; Serperuano.com|website=www.serperuano.com}}</ref>


== Awards and honors ==
== Awards and honors ==
Line 72: Line 72:


== References ==
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


== External links ==
== External links ==
*[http://centroluisevalcarcel.com Centro Luis E. Valcárcel]
*[http://centroluisevalcarcel.com Centro Luis E. Valcárcel]

{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Valcárcel Vizcarra, Luis Fernando}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Valcárcel Vizcarra, Luis Fernando}}
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[[Category:1987 deaths]]
[[Category:1987 deaths]]
[[Category:Commanders of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic]]
[[Category:Commanders of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic]]
[[Category:Peruvian Ministers of Education]]
[[Category:Ministers of education of Peru]]
[[Category:Chevaliers of the Légion d'honneur]]
[[Category:Knights of the Legion of Honour]]
[[Category:Peruvian anthropologists]]
[[Category:Peruvian anthropologists]]
[[Category:Deans (academic)]]
[[Category:Deans (academic)]]

Latest revision as of 23:26, 13 August 2024

In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Valcárcel and the second or maternal family name is Vizcarra.
OSP
Luis Eduardo Valcárcel
Minister of Education of Peru
In office
1945–1947
PresidentJosé Bustamante y Rivero
Prime MinisterRafael Belaúnde Diez Canseco
Julio Ernesto Portugal
Preceded byJorge Basadre Grohmann
Succeeded byCristóbal de Losada y Puga
Personal details
Born
Luis Eduardo Valcárcel Vizcarra

(1891-02-08)8 February 1891
Ilo, Peru
Died26 December 1987(1987-12-26) (aged 96)
Lima, Peru
OccupationHistorian, anthropologist
Awards

Luis Eduardo Valcárcel Vizcarra (8 February 1891 – 26 December 1987) was a Peruvian historian, anthropologist, writer and activist. He was a researcher of pre-Hispanic Peru and one of the protagonists of the Indigenismo movement. He is considered the father of Peruvian anthropology, and his work focused on two fundamental axes: the revaluation of the Inca Empire and the vindication of the Andean culture. He brought awareness to the continuity that links the peasant of the Andes with the man of the Tahuantinsuyu.

Biography

[edit]

His parents, Domingo L. Valcárcel and Leticia Vizcarra, had him at an early age in the city of Cuzco in 1892, where he lived for the next four decades. He completed his secondary studies at the Seminario de San Antonio Abad, and then went on to the Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, where he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts with a thesis entitled: Kon, Pachacamac and Wiracocha (1912), later as a Doctor (11-21-1912); Bachelor in Political and Administrative Sciences with the thesis titled The Agrarian Question in Cuzco (1913); Bachelor of Jurisprudence, with the thesis De Ayllu al Imperio (1916); and Dr. (1916) as well as becoming a lawyer.[1] In 1909, he participated in the university strike that transformed the university into a more modern, democratic institution concerned with the regional problems of Cuzco, thanks to the appointment of the American Albert Giesecke as rector.

He taught beginning in 1917 at the National College of Sciences and Arts of Cusco and at the aforementioned National University. He founded the first Anthropological Museum of Cuzco and the University Archive. He was director of El Comercio of Cuzco and editorial writer for the newspapers El Sol, La Sierra, and El Sur. In 1920, he formed the "Resurgence" group with students and intellectuals from Cuzco, such as José Uriel García, Luis Felipe Aguilar and the brothers Félix Cosío Medina and José Gabriel Cosío Medina, a group that defended the indigenous people from the injustices they suffered, thus starting the Indigenismo movement that this group later called the "Cusqueña School", which spread in various areas of culture at the national level. Some of its representatives are for example; in literature, José María Arguedas, Ciro Alegría, Enrique López Albújar, in painting, José Sabogal, Julia Codesido, José Camilo Blas, in poetry, Cesar Vallejo, and others.

He maintained close relations with the philosopher José Carlos Mariátegui, and with the group linked to the magazine Amauta. He additionally kept relations with other intellectuals such as the philosopher and politician Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre who directed his 1927 essay "The Indian Problem" to the group Resurgence. At the beginning of the third decade of the 20th century, he was called to Lima to be appointed Director of the Bolivarian Museum; and soon obtained the same position in the National Museum of Archaeology, Anthropology and History of Peru. On retirement, in 1964, he was appointed as Director Emeritus of the National Museums.

He played an important role in the four hundredth anniversary of Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos of Lima, where he chaired: History of the Incas, History of Peruvian Culture, and Introduction to Ethnology. In addition, he was Director-Founder of the Institute of Ethnology, Dean of the Faculty of Arts, and Professor Emeritus. He also held a teaching career at Columbia University in New York City.

Jobs and public life

[edit]

He was Minister of Public Education (from 1945 to 1947, a position which reflected the establishment of peasant school nuclei, a network of rural schools that it integrated education, health and work for children and members of a peasant community. He followed the example of Waynasata de Bolivia (1945).[2] President of the Institute of Peruvian Studies, of the National Association of Writers and Artists (ANEA), of the Peruvian North American Cultural Institute (ICPNA), and of the Inter-American Committee of Folklore; Director of the Peruvian Indian Institute; Member of the Peruvian Executive Committee of Unesco; Vice President of the National Academy of History, and of the Center for Military-Historical Studies.

The Quechua language and Andean popular culture were his concern, as the Ministry of Education, the University and from their publications. He promoted the reactivation of Inti Raymi in Cuzco.[3] He was nominated for a Nobel Peace Prize.[4]

Awards and honors

[edit]

The following is a list of several awards and honors.

  • Palmas Magisteriales in the degree of Amauta
  • Knight of the Legion of Honor of France (1939).
  • The Great Order of the Sun of Peru (1945).
  • Israel Medal (1964).
  • Commander Medal of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (1964).
  • Medal of Honor of the Congress of Americanists of Mar de Plata (Argentina, 1966).
  • National Culture Award in the area of Historical Sciences (1977).
  • Rafael Heliodoro Valle Award. To the most outstanding Latin American historian (Mexico, 1981).
  • Diploma of Honor from the Universidad Mayor de San Marcos (1981).
  • Congressional Medal of Honor in the Degree of Grand Officer (1981).
  • Gold Medal of Cusco (1983).
  • Medal of the City of Lima (Municipality of Lima, 1984).
  • Peruvian Cross Medal for Military Merit, in the rank of Grand Officer (1984).

Professional career

[edit]

The following is a list of several positions in his professional career.

  • President and founder of the Peruvian Indian Institute (1946).
  • Director Emeritus of the National Museums of Peru (1946)
  • President of the Inter-American Folklore Committee (1953).
  • Member of the Chilean Society of Sociology (1957).
  • President of the National Board of Archeology (1962).
  • Vice-president and member of number of the National Academy of History of Lima (1962).
  • Member of the National Academy of Sciences (1962).
  • Member of the Center for Historical Studies – Military (1962).
  • Member of the Metropolitan Deliberative Board for the study of the Historical and Artistic Heritage of Lima (1962).

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Alberto, Tauro (2001). Enciclopedia ilustrada del Perú : síntesis del conocimiento integral del Perú, desde sus orígenes hasta la actualidad. 17 VAC – ZUZ [Illustrated Encyclopedia of Peru: synthesis of comprehensive knowledge of Peru, from its origins to the present day. 17 VAC – ZUZ] (in Spanish). Peru: PEISA, Promoción Ed. Inca S.A. ISBN 9972401669. OCLC 253650622.
  2. ^ Jorge Basadre: "Life and History"
  3. ^ Tauro del Pino: Illustrated Encyclopedia of Peru, volume 17
  4. ^ "LUIS EDUARDO VALCÁRCEL | Serperuano.com". www.serperuano.com.
[edit]
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