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{{Short description|Stratovolcano in North Sulawesi, Indonesia}} |
{{Short description|Stratovolcano in North Sulawesi, Indonesia.}} |
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{{About-distinguish|the volcanic island in Sangihe Islands, North Sulawesi|Mount Raung}} |
{{About-distinguish|the volcanic island in Sangihe Islands, North Sulawesi|Mount Raung}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2024}} |
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2024}} |
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| name = Ruang |
| name = Ruang |
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| photo = Wanua Ruang - Tagulandang.JPG |
| photo = Wanua Ruang - Tagulandang.JPG |
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| photo_caption = Ruang from the island of Tagulandang |
| photo_caption = Ruang from the island of Tagulandang, in March 2016 |
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| elevation_m = 725 |
| elevation_m = 725 |
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| elevation_ref = <ref name="gvp">{{cite gvp |name=Ruang |vn=267010 |access-date=24 June 2021}}</ref> |
| elevation_ref = <ref name="gvp">{{cite gvp |name=Ruang |vn=267010 |access-date=24 June 2021}}</ref> |
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| type = [[Stratovolcano]] |
| type = [[Stratovolcano]] |
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| age = |
| age = |
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| last_eruption = |
| last_eruption = April 2024 |
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| first_ascent = |
| first_ascent = |
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| easiest_route = |
| easiest_route = |
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}} |
}} |
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'''Ruang''' is the southernmost [[stratovolcano]] in the [[Sangihe Islands]] arc, [[North Sulawesi]], [[Indonesia]]. It comprises an [[volcanic island|island]] {{convert|4 x 5|km}} wide. The summit contains a partial [[lava dome]] and reaches some {{convert|725|m|ft}} in altitude. From its summit, [[Mount Klabat|Klabat]]'s peak in the south, that of [[Siau Island|Siau]] to the north, and [[Ternate]] to the east can all be seen.<ref name="om2">{{cite book |last1=Rowley |first1=G. D. |url=https://archive.org/stream/Ornithologicalm2#page/324/mode/1up |title=Ornithological Miscellany |date=1877 |publisher=Taylor and Francis |location=London |pages=324–325 |volume=2}}</ref> |
'''Ruang''' is the southernmost [[stratovolcano]] in the [[Sangihe Islands]] arc, [[North Sulawesi]], [[Indonesia]]. It comprises an [[volcanic island|island]] {{convert|4 x 5|km}} wide. The summit contains a partial [[lava dome]] and reaches some {{convert|725|m|ft}} in altitude. From its summit, [[Mount Klabat|Klabat]]'s peak in the south, that of [[Siau Island|Siau]] to the north, and [[Ternate]] to the east can all be seen.<ref name="om2">{{cite book |last1=Rowley |first1=G. D. |url=https://archive.org/stream/Ornithologicalm2#page/324/mode/1up |title=Ornithological Miscellany |date=1877 |publisher=Taylor and Francis |location=London |pages=324–325 |volume=2}}</ref> |
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== Geology == |
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The top of the mountain is partially filled with a [[lava dome]] formed as a result of activity in 1904. Since then, volcanic activity has been observed with the formation of lava domes and [[pyroclastic flow]]s.<ref name="gvp"/> The [[Volcanic island|island]] volcano is {{convert|4 x 5|km}} wide.<ref name="gvp"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Fakta Geologis Menarik Gunung Api Ruang: Sejarah Gelombang Pasang Telan 400 Jiwa |url=https://kumparan.com/roni-marudut-s/fakta-geologis-menarik-gunung-api-ruang-sejarah-gelombang-pasang-telan-400-jiwa-1vmMsIB2mGX |access-date=2024-04-20 |website=kumparan |language=id-ID}}</ref> |
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==Eruptions== |
==Eruptions== |
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===Pre-21st century=== |
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{{See also|1871 Ruang eruption and tsunami}} |
{{See also|1871 Ruang eruption and tsunami}} |
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At least 16 eruptions have been recorded from the volcano,<ref name="history">{{cite news |title=History of Ruang Volcano Eruption: 25-meter-high Tsunami |url=https://en.tempo.co/read/1857998/history-of-ruang-volcano-eruption-25-meter-high-tsunami |access-date=19 April 2024 |publisher=Tempo |date=19 April 2024}}</ref> with the first one occurring in 1808.<ref name="gvp"/> Dr. [[Adolf Bernhard Meyer|Adolf Meyer]] witnessed a large eruption in 1871. Ruang was uninhabited at the time, but the inhabitants of nearby [[Tagulandang]] had many plantations on its slopes. The eruption destroyed these in minutes and caused a [[tsunami]] that obliterated most of their large village, situated on Tagulandang, opposite Ruang. Most of the village's inhabitants drowned, and their bodies afterward could be seen on the beach.<ref name="om2"/> The death toll was estimated to be around 300 to 400.<ref name="history"/> |
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===April 2024=== |
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| ⚫ | Eruptions that began at 9:45pm (13:45 GMT) on 16 April forced over 800 people to evacuate the island for nearby [[Tagulandang]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Hundreds evacuated after Indonesia's Ruang volcano erupts |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/hundreds-evacuated-after-indonesias-ruang-volcano-erupts-2024-04-17/ |access-date=17 April 2024 |work=Reuters |date=17 April 2024}}</ref> A {{convert|4|km|mi|adj=on}} exclusion zone from the crater was established and extended to {{convert|6|km|mi}}.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 April 2024 |title=More than 11,000 evacuated in northern Indonesia as volcano erupts |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/4/18/11000-evacuated-in-northern-indonesia-as-ruang-volcano-erupts |work=Al Jazeera |access-date=19 April 2024 |archive-date=18 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240418181440/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/4/18/11000-evacuated-in-northern-indonesia-as-ruang-volcano-erupts |url-status=live }}</ref> On 17 April, authorities raised the volcano's alert level to four, the highest in Indonesia and issued a tsunami alert which led to orders for 11,000 residents and evacuees in Tagulandang to be moved to [[Manado]] in mainland [[Sulawesi]], citing the risk of the volcano collapsing into the sea.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 April 2024 |title=Tsunami alert after a volcano in Indonesia has several big eruptions and thousands are told to leave |url=https://apnews.com/article/indonesia-mount-ruang-volcano-eruption-cdf4f66287a38504ed25138c2cb70dc1 |work=Associated Press |access-date=19 April 2024 |archive-date=18 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240418163237/https://apnews.com/article/indonesia-mount-ruang-volcano-eruption-cdf4f66287a38504ed25138c2cb70dc1 |url-status=live }}</ref> The eruption also prompted the shutdown of [[Sam Ratulangi International Airport]] in Manado.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 April 2024 |title=Thousands evacuated as Indonesia volcano erupts, causes tsunami threat |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240418-thousands-evacuated-as-indonesia-volcano-erupts-causes-tsunami-threat |work=France 24 |access-date=19 April 2024 |archive-date=18 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240418212849/https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240418-thousands-evacuated-as-indonesia-volcano-erupts-causes-tsunami-threat |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Siau Tagulandang Biaro Islands Regency]], where the volcano is located, declared a 14-day [[state of emergency]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 April 2024 |title=Gunung Ruang di Sulawesi Utara meletus, potensi tsunami 'masih ada' |url=https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/articles/c3gqw3kqw9eo |access-date=18 April 2024 |website=BBC News Indonesia |language=id |archive-date=18 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240418094055/https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/articles/c3gqw3kqw9eo |url-status=live }}</ref> At least 501 houses and buildings were damaged by the eruption.<ref>{{cite news |title=Mt. Ruang eruption damages 498 houses, public facilities: BNPB |url=https://en.antaranews.com/news/311343/mt-ruang-eruption-damages-498-houses-public-facilities-bnpb |access-date=21 April 2024 |publisher=Antara |date=21 April 2024 }}</ref> After a two-week reduction in activity, the volcano erupted again on 30 April,<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 April 2024 |title=Indonesia’s Mount Ruang erupts again, spewing ash and peppering villages with debris |url=https://apnews.com/article/indonesia-mount-ruang-volcano-eruption-5288eeb864b8ccbf774e278861d2de12 |work=Associated Press |access-date=30 April 2024 }}</ref> forcing the closure of Sam Ratulangi airport and other airports as far as [[Gorontalo Province]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 April 2024 |title=Mount Ruang Erupts Again; Airports Closed, 18 Flights Canceled |url=https://en.tempo.co/read/1862542/mount-ruang-erupts-again-airports-closed-18-flights-canceled |work=Tempo |access-date=1 May 2024 }}</ref> All 843 residents of Ruang island were evacuated to [[Manado]], while 12,000 residents of Tagulandang were relocated to [[Siau Island]] by ship.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 May 2024 |title=Thousands evacuated, flights disrupted as Indonesia’s Ruang volcano erupts |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/5/1/thousands-evacuated-flights-disrupted-as-indonesian-volcano-erupts-again |work=Al Jazeera |access-date=1 May 2024 }}</ref> |
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Airlines from West Malaysia and Singapore cancelled flights to [[Sabah]] and [[Sarawak]] on 18 April due to reduced visibility.<ref>{{cite news |title=Scoot, other airlines cancel some flights to Indonesia and East Malaysia after Mount Ruang eruption |url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/singapore/scoot-cancels-flights-mount-ruang-volcano-eruption-sabah-sarawak-4274791 |access-date=19 April 2024 |publisher=Channel News Asia |date=18 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240418095646/https://www.channelnewsasia.com/singapore/scoot-cancels-flights-mount-ruang-volcano-eruption-sabah-sarawak-4274791 |archive-date=18 April 2024}}</ref> The [[sulphur dioxide]] plume from the volcano extended {{convert|1,000|km|mi}}, covering the whole of [[Borneo]] as of 19 April.<ref>{{cite news |title=High concentration of sulfur dioxide from Indonesia's Mt Ruang volcanic eruption blankets Sarawak, Sabah and Kalimantan |url=https://dayakdaily.com/high-concentration-of-sulfur-dioxide-from-indonesias-mt-ruang-volcanic-eruption-blankets-sarawak-sabah-kalimantan/ |access-date=19 April 2024 |publisher=Dayak Daily |date=19 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240419114253/https://dayakdaily.com/high-concentration-of-sulfur-dioxide-from-indonesias-mt-ruang-volcanic-eruption-blankets-sarawak-sabah-kalimantan/ |archive-date=19 April 2024}}</ref> However, both Sabah and Sarawak surface air quality are not affected by the eruption.<ref>{{Cite news |date=19 April 2024 |title=Mount Ruang eruption: Air quality in Sarawak good to moderate |url=https://thesun.my/local_news/mount-ruang-eruption-air-quality-in-sarawak-good-to-moderate-KF12352338 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240420055912/https://thesun.my/local_news/mount-ruang-eruption-air-quality-in-sarawak-good-to-moderate-KF12352338 |archive-date=20 April 2024 |access-date=20 April 2024 |work=The Sun (Malaysia)}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Lee |first1=Stephanie |title=Sabah’s air quality unaffected by Mt Ruang eruption, says state Health Dept director |url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2024/04/20/sabahs-air-quality-unaffected-by-mt-ruang-eruption-says-state-health-dept-director |access-date=21 April 2024 |publisher=The Star (Malaysia) |date=20 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240420100155/https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2024/04/20/sabahs-air-quality-unaffected-by-mt-ruang-eruption-says-state-health-dept-director |archive-date=20 April 2024}}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | Eruptions |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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Latest revision as of 15:50, 14 August 2024
| Ruang | |
|---|---|
 Ruang from the island of Tagulandang, in March 2016 | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 725 m (2,379 ft)[1] |
| Listing | Spesial Ribu |
| Coordinates | 2°18′18″N 125°21′54″E / 2.305°N 125.365°E |
| Geography | |
 | |
| Location | Siau Tagulandang Biaro Islands Regency, Sangihe Islands, Indonesia |
| Geology | |
| Mountain type | Stratovolcano |
| Last eruption | April 2024 |
Ruang is the southernmost stratovolcano in the Sangihe Islands arc, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. It comprises an island 4 by 5 kilometres (2.5 mi × 3.1 mi) wide. The summit contains a partial lava dome and reaches some 725 metres (2,379 ft) in altitude. From its summit, Klabat's peak in the south, that of Siau to the north, and Ternate to the east can all be seen.[2]
Geology
[edit]The top of the mountain is partially filled with a lava dome formed as a result of activity in 1904. Since then, volcanic activity has been observed with the formation of lava domes and pyroclastic flows.[1] The island volcano is 4 by 5 kilometres (2.5 mi × 3.1 mi) wide.[1][3]
Eruptions
[edit]Pre-21st century
[edit]At least 16 eruptions have been recorded from the volcano,[4] with the first one occurring in 1808.[1] Dr. Adolf Meyer witnessed a large eruption in 1871. Ruang was uninhabited at the time, but the inhabitants of nearby Tagulandang had many plantations on its slopes. The eruption destroyed these in minutes and caused a tsunami that obliterated most of their large village, situated on Tagulandang, opposite Ruang. Most of the village's inhabitants drowned, and their bodies afterward could be seen on the beach.[2] The death toll was estimated to be around 300 to 400.[4]
April 2024
[edit]Eruptions that began at 9:45pm (13:45 GMT) on 16 April forced over 800 people to evacuate the island for nearby Tagulandang.[5] A 4-kilometre (2.5 mi) exclusion zone from the crater was established and extended to 6 kilometres (3.7 mi).[6] On 17 April, authorities raised the volcano's alert level to four, the highest in Indonesia and issued a tsunami alert which led to orders for 11,000 residents and evacuees in Tagulandang to be moved to Manado in mainland Sulawesi, citing the risk of the volcano collapsing into the sea.[7] The eruption also prompted the shutdown of Sam Ratulangi International Airport in Manado.[8] Siau Tagulandang Biaro Islands Regency, where the volcano is located, declared a 14-day state of emergency.[9] At least 501 houses and buildings were damaged by the eruption.[10] After a two-week reduction in activity, the volcano erupted again on 30 April,[11] forcing the closure of Sam Ratulangi airport and other airports as far as Gorontalo Province.[12] All 843 residents of Ruang island were evacuated to Manado, while 12,000 residents of Tagulandang were relocated to Siau Island by ship.[13]
Airlines from West Malaysia and Singapore cancelled flights to Sabah and Sarawak on 18 April due to reduced visibility.[14] The sulphur dioxide plume from the volcano extended 1,000 kilometres (620 mi), covering the whole of Borneo as of 19 April.[15] However, both Sabah and Sarawak surface air quality are not affected by the eruption.[16][17]
See also
[edit]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d "Ruang". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 24 June 2021.
- ^ a b Rowley, G. D. (1877). Ornithological Miscellany. Vol. 2. London: Taylor and Francis. pp. 324–325.
- ^ "Fakta Geologis Menarik Gunung Api Ruang: Sejarah Gelombang Pasang Telan 400 Jiwa". kumparan (in Indonesian). Retrieved 20 April 2024.
- ^ a b "History of Ruang Volcano Eruption: 25-meter-high Tsunami". Tempo. 19 April 2024. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
- ^ "Hundreds evacuated after Indonesia's Ruang volcano erupts". Reuters. 17 April 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
- ^ "More than 11,000 evacuated in northern Indonesia as volcano erupts". Al Jazeera. 18 April 2024. Archived from the original on 18 April 2024. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
- ^ "Tsunami alert after a volcano in Indonesia has several big eruptions and thousands are told to leave". Associated Press. 18 April 2024. Archived from the original on 18 April 2024. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
- ^ "Thousands evacuated as Indonesia volcano erupts, causes tsunami threat". France 24. 18 April 2024. Archived from the original on 18 April 2024. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
- ^ "Gunung Ruang di Sulawesi Utara meletus, potensi tsunami 'masih ada'". BBC News Indonesia (in Indonesian). 18 April 2024. Archived from the original on 18 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
- ^ "Mt. Ruang eruption damages 498 houses, public facilities: BNPB". Antara. 21 April 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
- ^ "Indonesia's Mount Ruang erupts again, spewing ash and peppering villages with debris". Associated Press. 30 April 2024. Retrieved 30 April 2024.
- ^ "Mount Ruang Erupts Again; Airports Closed, 18 Flights Canceled". Tempo. 30 April 2024. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
- ^ "Thousands evacuated, flights disrupted as Indonesia's Ruang volcano erupts". Al Jazeera. 1 May 2024. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
- ^ "Scoot, other airlines cancel some flights to Indonesia and East Malaysia after Mount Ruang eruption". Channel News Asia. 18 April 2024. Archived from the original on 18 April 2024. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
- ^ "High concentration of sulfur dioxide from Indonesia's Mt Ruang volcanic eruption blankets Sarawak, Sabah and Kalimantan". Dayak Daily. 19 April 2024. Archived from the original on 19 April 2024. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
- ^ "Mount Ruang eruption: Air quality in Sarawak good to moderate". The Sun (Malaysia). 19 April 2024. Archived from the original on 20 April 2024. Retrieved 20 April 2024.
- ^ Lee, Stephanie (20 April 2024). "Sabah's air quality unaffected by Mt Ruang eruption, says state Health Dept director". The Star (Malaysia). Archived from the original on 20 April 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
External links
[edit]
Media related to Mount Ruang at Wikimedia Commons
| Authority control databases: Geographic |
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