Phi Sigma Iota: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Honor society for foreign language students}}{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2024}}{{Infobox Fraternity |
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<!-- Image with unknown copyright status removed: [[Image:Psiseal.PNG|thumb|right|The Phi Sigma Iota Seal]] --> |
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| letters = {{lang|grc|ΦΣΙ}} |
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'''Phi Sigma Iota''', or ΦΣΙ, is an [[honor society]] whose members are elected from among outstanding advanced (juniors and seniors) and graduate students of [[foreign language]]s and literatures including [[Classics]], [[Comparative Literature]], [[Philology]], [[Bilingual Education]], and [[Linguistics|Applied Linguistics]]. The primary objectives of this honorary are the recognition of remarkable ability and attainments in languages and literatures, and the promotion of a sentiment of amity between cultures with differing languages. |
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| motto = |
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| coat of arms = File:The_crest_of_Phi_Sigma_Iota.png |
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| image_size = 180px |
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| colors = {{color box|#7E007E}} [[Shades of purple#Purple|Purple]] and {{color box|#FFFFFF}} [[White]] |
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| birthplace = [[Allegheny College]] |
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| founded = {{start date and age|1922}} |
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| status = Active |
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| type = Honor |
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| affiliation = ACHS |
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| scope = International |
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| emphasis = Foreign languages and literatures |
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| chapters = 180 |
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| members = |
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| lifetime = 50,000+ |
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| publication = ''The Forum'' |
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| symbol = [[Chaplet (headgear)|Chaplet of ivy]], [[Five-pointed star]] |
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| address = 520 North Main Street, Box 30 |
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| city = [[Meadville, Pennsylvania|Meadville]] |
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| state = [[Pennsylvania]] |
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| ZIP code = 16335-3902 |
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| country = United States |
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| homepage = {{url|https://phisigmaiota.org/}} |
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}} |
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'''Phi Sigma Iota''' ('''{{lang|grc|ΦΣΙ}}''') is an international [[honor society]] for students of modern and classical [[foreign language]]s and literatures.<!--The word "literatures" here is plural, and is correct, as it refers to multiple bodies of literature, written in numerous languages.--><ref>{{Cite news |date=15 May 2010 |title=Good News!-BU student inducted into Phi Sigma Iota |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/346163572/fulltext/BDD170DAFF204DE0PQ/3 |access-date=2024-06-22 |work=Press & Sun-Bulletin |via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=18 May 1987 |title=Language Group Starts Chapter at University FYI |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/392161644/BDD170DAFF204DE0PQ/15 |access-date=2024-06-21 |work=The Morning Call |via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> Its primary objectives are the recognition of ability and attainments in languages and literature and the promotion of a sentiment of amity between cultures with differing languages. |
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==Statement of purpose== |
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The society was established at Allegheny College in 1922. Phi Sigma Iota is a member of the [[Association of College Honor Societies]], and awards scholarships to undergraduates and grants to graduate students. |
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"Phi Sigma Iota shall have as its ideals and purpose the recognition of outstanding ability and attainments in the study and teaching of foreign languages, the stimulation of advanced pursuits and individual research in this discipline, and the promotion of a cultural enrichment eats monkeys and brain and a sentiment of international amity derived from the knowledge and use of foreign languages." |
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==Eligibility, requirements, and membership== |
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Dr. Henry Ward Church of the Department of Languages founded Phi Sigma Iota in 1922 at [[Allegheny College]], along with other members of the department and advanced students.<ref name=":0">Robson, John, ed. (1963). ''Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities'' (17th ed.). Menasha, Wisconsin: The Collegiate Press, George Banta Company, Inc. pp. 588-589.</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |date=1955 |title=Notes and News |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/321050 |journal=The Modern Language Journal |volume=39 |issue=7 |pages=378–381 |jstor=321050}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite book |url=https://phisigmaiota.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/Brochure.pdf |title=Phi Sigma Iota, Inc. ΦΣΙ The International Foreign Language Honor Society (brochure) |date=March 2021 |publisher=Phi Sigma Iota |access-date=June 22, 2024}}</ref> Its purpose is: <blockquote>The recognition of outstanding scholarship and attainment in foreign languages, linguistics, literature, cultures, including the classics, philology, and comparative literature; the stimulation of advanced work and individual research in any of these fields; promotion of international amity. We support efforts to define and apply the principles of academic ethics.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=November 21, 2011 |title=Phi Sigma Iota Honor Society- Foreign Languages, Linguistics, Literatures, ESL., & Cultures |url=http://www.achsnatl.org/society.asp?society=psi |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120414202913/http://www.achsnatl.org/society.asp?society=psi |archive-date=2012-04-14 |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=Association for College Honor Societies |via=web.archive.org}}</ref></blockquote>In April 1925, Phi Sigma Iota became a national society with the installation of ''Beta chapter'' at [[Pennsylvania State University]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":4" /> Church served as the first national president.<ref name=":1" /> Less than a year later, ''Gamma chapter'' was formed at the [[College of Wooster]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=History |url=https://phisigmaiota.org/history/ |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=Phi Sigma Iota |language=en-US}}</ref> The society convened its first convention at [[Allegheny College]] in May 1926.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":6" /> |
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Phi Sigma Iota honors [[undergraduate]] students who have chosen to pursue a curriculum with emphasis in foreign languages (a major or a minor), who have at least a B (3.0 [[GPA]]) average in their college course of study as well as in all courses in foreign languages, who rank in the top 35% of their class, and who have completed at least one course in a foreign language at the third-year level or beyond. |
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At the November 1935 national convention, Phi Sigma Iota merged with [[Alpha Zeta Pi]], a similar society that operated west of the [[Mississippi River]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":7">“[http://www.jstor.org/stable/387106 In Memoriam: Etienne B. Renaud].” ''The French Review'' 47, no. 3 (1974): 613–14. via JSTOR.</ref> Alpha Zeta Pi was established in October 1917 by Dr. Etienne Renaud at the [[University of Denver]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":7" /> Phi Sigma Iota became a member of the [[Association of College Honor Societies]] in 1950.<ref name=":2" /> In 1955, it had 47 chapters across the United States.<ref name=":1" /> |
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As a rule, undergraduates are not elected to PSI prior to junior standing; however, sophomores of exceptional abilities who meet all stated minimal requirements, having completed at least three semesters (or five quarters) of college courses may be elected to membership. Graduate students studying one or more languages may also be elected to membership after one semester (or quarter) of graduate residence, provided that they shall have attained to a minimum B+ average in graduate studies. |
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In 1978, the society expanded its mission to recognize outstanding achievements in any foreign language, including [[applied linguistics]], [[bilingual education]], classics, [[comparative literature]], and [[philology]].<ref name=":4" /> At that time, it became the '''National Foreign Language Honor Society Phi Sigma Iota'''.<ref name=":6" /> In 1982, the society became the '''International Foreign Language Honor Society''' when it chartered its first chapter in a foreign country at the [[Universidad Regiomontana]], [[Monterrey, Mexico]].<ref name=":6" /> In 2011, the society had 173 chapters and 39,056 members.<ref name=":2" /> |
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[[Faculty (university)|Faculty]] members of colleges and universities with an active chapter of PSI are eligible after one academic year of teaching at that institution. |
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Today, Phi Sigma Iota represents all languages and has initiated more than 50,000 members.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Benefits of Membership |url=https://phisigmaiota.org/benefits-of-membership/ |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=Phi Sigma Iota |language=en-US}}</ref> Its national headquarters are in [[Meadville, Pennsylvania]].<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" /> |
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Other classes of PSI membership include Alumni, Life, and Honorary members. |
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==Symbols== |
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The society's Greek letters Phi, Sigma, and Iota represent ''Philotès or'' Friendship, ''Spoudé or'' Research and Individuality, and Idioma or Zeal.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":6" /> The colors of the Society are purple and white.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":6" /> The society's coat of arms or shield includes its colors and designs that symbolize the original five languages and literary traditions that Phi Sigma Iota included.<ref name=":4" /> |
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"We believe that a discerning and sympathetic understanding of the peoples of the world is essential to the welfare of humanity; that peace among nations and international amity are dependent upon an altruistic willingness to appreciate the character, the ideals, and the culture and civilization of other countries; that the study of foreign languages is one of the best means of contributing to such global understanding; that a broad study of international cultures is also essential to an adequate comprehension of all races and peoples; that it is our duty as world citizens to learn all that we can about the peoples of the world and to strive to judge their achievements objectively, fairly, and tolerantly; that it is our obligation to disseminate our knowledge and informed judgment as widely as possible in order to further international understanding; that it is incumbent upon us to attempt to inspire in others an interest in the language, literature, and other cultural manifestations of all races and peoples; and finally, we believe that we ourselves should continue the study of language, literature and culture in order to extend the horizons of our own understanding." |
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Robert E. Dengler, a professor of classics at the Pennsylvania State University, designed the society's insignia, key, and pin which were adopted in 1935.<ref name=":4" /> The society's key and pin feature a five-pointed star encircled by an ivy wreath, with the Greek Letter '''{{lang|grc|ΦΣΙ}}''' over the star.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":4" /> The five points of the star represent the five ancient languages that Phi Sigma Iota originally recognized.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":6" /> The wreath or chaplet or ivy honor the birth of the Roman poet Horace in 65 B.C.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":6" /> |
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''The Forum'' of Phi Sigma Iota is published annually and includes articles, essays, and poetry written by society members.<ref name=":2" /> Its former journal, ''Phi Sigma Iota News Letter'', was published twice a year.<ref name=":0" /> |
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Phi Sigma Iota was founded in 1922 at [[Allegheny College]] by Dr. Henry W. Church, members of his department of languages, and advanced students who were meeting to discuss linguistic and literary matters. PSI became a national society when Beta Chapter was established at [[The Pennsylvania State University]] in April 1925. Less than a year later, Gamma Chapter at the [[College of Wooster]] followed them. With these three chapters as the nucleus of the national organization, the first convention was held in May 1926, at [[Allegheny College]]. Since that time expansion has been steady. |
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== Activities == |
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In November 1935, Phi Sigma Iota was merged with Alpha Zeta Pi, a similar society west of the Mississippi. The merger took place at a National Convention held at [[Bloomington, Illinois]]. Dr. Etienne Renaud and his associates in the Department of Languages had organized Alpha Zeta Pi in October 1917 at the [[University of Denver]]. |
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Every year, Phi Sigma Iota awards several scholastic grants to its members. Its first scholarship, the Henry Ward Church Memorial Scholarship, was established in 1939 in memory of the society's founder and first national president.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=Society Scholarships |url=https://phisigmaiota.org/scholarships/ |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=Phi Sigma Iota |language=en-US}}</ref> The Dr. Anthony S. Corbiere Scholarship was created in 1970 to honor Corbiere's service as the society's national historian, newsletter editor, and executive secretary for almost thirty years.<ref name=":5" /> |
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Two additional named scholarships were created in 2000—the Dr. Cleon Capsus Scholarship and the Dr. Santiago Vilas Scholarship.<ref name=":5" /> Capsus was a professor of [[Spanish language|Spanish]] and [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] at the [[University of South Florida]].<ref name=":5" /> Vilas was former national president of Phi Sigma Iota.<ref name=":5" /> The Dr. Marie-France Hilgar Scholarship was established to honor another former national president.<ref name=":5" /> The Dorothy I. Mitstifer Scholarship was established by the society's executive committee in September 2015 to honor the former president of the Association of College Honor Societies who advised Phi Sigma Iota during transitional times.<ref name=":5" /> |
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In 1949, Phi Sigma Iota was granted membership into the [[U.S. Association of College Honor Societies]], the first language society to receive that honor. |
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== Membership == |
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In 1978, under the Presidency of Dr. Santiago Vilas, the Society expanded into the PSI National Foreign Language Honor Society Phi Sigma Iota to honor outstanding achievements in any foreign language including Classics, Philology, Applied Linguistics, Comparative Literature, and Bilingual Education. |
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Phi Sigma Iota selects qualified members regardless of age, color, disability, gender, national origin, race, religion, or sexual orientation.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Qualifications for Membership |url=https://phisigmaiota.org/eligibility/ |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=Phi Sigma Iota |language=en-US}}</ref> Membership in Phi Sigma Iota is based on academic achievement in the fields of classics, comparative literature, ESL, foreign language, foreign language education, linguistics, and second language acquisition.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /> |
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Undergraduates must be enrolled in a third-year or fourth-year language course and have at least a B+ average in language classes.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" /> In addition, undergraduate candidates must have an overall B [[GPA]] and rank in the upper 35% of their class.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" /> Usually, undergraduates are elected to membership in their junior or senior year.<ref name=":2" /> Graduate students are eligible for membership after completing one-semester studying language with a B+ grade point average.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" /> |
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In 1982, the Society became the International Foreign Language Honor Society by installing its first Chapter in a foreign country ([[Universidad Regiomontana]], [[Monterrey, Mexico]]). |
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Alumni of collegiate chapters are considered professional members.<ref name=":3" /> Others can be elected to professional membership for contributions to the profession, provided they earned a foreign language degree and ranked in the top 35% of their undergraduate class or a 3.5 GPA as a graduate student.<ref name=":3" /> University faculty may also become professional members after teaching for one academic year and demonstrating support for the field.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /> Honorary membership is awarded to individuals outside of the field "who have made distinctive scholarly and research contributions to the study, use, or promotion of foreign languages and the ideals of the society".<ref name=":3" /> |
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Every year Phi Sigma Iota awards several scholastic grants to its members. The first scholarship was established in 1939 in memory of the founder and first National President, Dr. Church. In 1970, another scholarship was established in memory of Dr. Anthony S. Corbiere, who for nearly thirty years was National Historian, Editor of the Newsletter, and Executive Secretary of Phi Sigma Iota. In 2000, two additional named scholarships were inaugurated. One to honor Dr. Cleon Capsus, professor of [[Spanish language|Spanish]] and [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] at the [[University of South Florida]] and one to honor the years of devoted work on behalf of PSI by Dr. Santiago Vilas. The Dr. Marie-France Hilgar Scholarship was established to honor former President Dr. Hilgar. |
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== Chapters == |
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<!-- Image with unknown copyright status removed: [[Image:Psishield.jpg]] --> |
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{{Main|List of Phi Sigma Iota chapters}}As of 2024, Phi Sigma Iota has 180 chapters in the United States and France.<ref name=":6" /> |
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== Notable members == |
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==Insignia and etymology== |
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* [[Victoria Doudera]], member of the [[Maine House of Representatives]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Victoria W. Doudera |url=https://legislature.maine.gov/house/house/MemberProfiles/Details/1365 |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=Maine House of Representatives}}</ref> |
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The insignia of the society, adopted in 1935, was designed by Robert E. Dengler, 1893-1973, Professor of Classics at the Pennsylvania State University. The words PHI, SIGMA, and IOTA may be understood, respectively, as Φιλοτης (or Philotès, meaning Friendship), Σπουδη (or Spoudé, meaning Research and also Individuality), and Ιδιωμα (or Idioma, meaning Zeal). |
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== See also == |
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The key of the society is dominated by a five-pointed star. The center of this star represents the literary languages of classical antiquity: [[Ancient Greek language|Greek]], [[Latin]], [[Sanskrit]] and [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]]. These tongues live on today in spirit, furnishing the foundation for many modern languages and transmitting to the western world the basis of much of its culture. Originally a [[Romance language]] society, Latin, the foundation of our modern Romance languages, formed the foundation of the insignia and was symbolized by the ivy wreath which surrounds the star on the Phi Sigma Iota key. The key was designed in 1935 by Robert E. Dengler, Professor of Classics at the Pennsylvania State University, and since 1935 was the bimillenniaum of Horace's birth, Dr. Dengler put an ivy wreath in the design to recall the words of [[Horace]], the Roman poet of the height of Augustian literature who wrote: "As for me, I want the ivy, the crown of learned brows, that unites me with the gods above..." The five-point star originally stood for the Romance languages but now are symbolic of the many rays of learning which emanate from all linguistic and literary traditions. The shield of Phi Sigma Iota is comprised of designs meant to recall various language and literary traditions represented by the Society. Today the Society represents not only the Romance languages, but all languages. The colors of the Society are purple and white. |
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* [[Honor cords]] |
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==The Forum== |
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* [[Honor society]] |
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== References == |
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''The Forum'' of Phi Sigma Iota includes articles (both scholarly and anecdotal), poetry, art, and humor for publication both online and in the printed magazine. With a readership estimated at over 50,000, this magazine is published annually and, pending current submission demand, bi-annually. ''The Forum'' used to be a bi-annual publication up through 2003. |
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{{reflist}} |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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{{Association of College Honor Societies}} |
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{{authority control}} |
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*[http://www.phisigmaiota.org/archive.html ''The Forum'' archives] |
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*[http://www.achsnatl.org/society.asp?society=psi ACHS page] |
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* [http://www.tasselnfringe.com/honor_cords.htm Gold Honor Cords |
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[[Category:Association of College Honor Societies]] |
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[[Category:Honor societies]] |
[[Category:Honor societies]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:College of Wooster]] |
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[[Category:Student organizations established in 1922]] |
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[[Category:1922 establishments in Pennsylvania]] |
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Latest revision as of 00:05, 17 August 2024
| Phi Sigma Iota | |
|---|---|
| ΦΣΙ | |
 | |
| Founded | 1922 Allegheny College |
| Type | Honor |
| Affiliation | ACHS |
| Status | Active |
| Emphasis | Foreign languages and literatures |
| Scope | International |
| Colors | Purple and White |
| Symbol | Chaplet of ivy, Five-pointed star |
| Publication | The Forum |
| Chapters | 180 |
| Members | 50,000+ lifetime |
| Headquarters | 520 North Main Street, Box 30 Meadville, Pennsylvania 16335-3902 United States |
| Website | phisigmaiota |
Phi Sigma Iota (ΦΣΙ) is an international honor society for students of modern and classical foreign languages and literatures.[1][2] Its primary objectives are the recognition of ability and attainments in languages and literature and the promotion of a sentiment of amity between cultures with differing languages.
The society was established at Allegheny College in 1922. Phi Sigma Iota is a member of the Association of College Honor Societies, and awards scholarships to undergraduates and grants to graduate students.
History
[edit]Dr. Henry Ward Church of the Department of Languages founded Phi Sigma Iota in 1922 at Allegheny College, along with other members of the department and advanced students.[3][4][5] Its purpose is:
The recognition of outstanding scholarship and attainment in foreign languages, linguistics, literature, cultures, including the classics, philology, and comparative literature; the stimulation of advanced work and individual research in any of these fields; promotion of international amity. We support efforts to define and apply the principles of academic ethics.[6]
In April 1925, Phi Sigma Iota became a national society with the installation of Beta chapter at Pennsylvania State University.[3][5] Church served as the first national president.[4] Less than a year later, Gamma chapter was formed at the College of Wooster.[3][7] The society convened its first convention at Allegheny College in May 1926.[5][7]
At the November 1935 national convention, Phi Sigma Iota merged with Alpha Zeta Pi, a similar society that operated west of the Mississippi River.[3][8] Alpha Zeta Pi was established in October 1917 by Dr. Etienne Renaud at the University of Denver.[3][8] Phi Sigma Iota became a member of the Association of College Honor Societies in 1950.[6] In 1955, it had 47 chapters across the United States.[4]
In 1978, the society expanded its mission to recognize outstanding achievements in any foreign language, including applied linguistics, bilingual education, classics, comparative literature, and philology.[5] At that time, it became the National Foreign Language Honor Society Phi Sigma Iota.[7] In 1982, the society became the International Foreign Language Honor Society when it chartered its first chapter in a foreign country at the Universidad Regiomontana, Monterrey, Mexico.[7] In 2011, the society had 173 chapters and 39,056 members.[6]
Today, Phi Sigma Iota represents all languages and has initiated more than 50,000 members.[9] Its national headquarters are in Meadville, Pennsylvania.[6][5]
Symbols
[edit]The society's Greek letters Phi, Sigma, and Iota represent Philotès or Friendship, Spoudé or Research and Individuality, and Idioma or Zeal.[5][7] The colors of the Society are purple and white.[5][7] The society's coat of arms or shield includes its colors and designs that symbolize the original five languages and literary traditions that Phi Sigma Iota included.[5]
Robert E. Dengler, a professor of classics at the Pennsylvania State University, designed the society's insignia, key, and pin which were adopted in 1935.[5] The society's key and pin feature a five-pointed star encircled by an ivy wreath, with the Greek Letter ΦΣΙ over the star.[3][5] The five points of the star represent the five ancient languages that Phi Sigma Iota originally recognized.[5][7] The wreath or chaplet or ivy honor the birth of the Roman poet Horace in 65 B.C.[5][7]
The Forum of Phi Sigma Iota is published annually and includes articles, essays, and poetry written by society members.[6] Its former journal, Phi Sigma Iota News Letter, was published twice a year.[3]
Activities
[edit]Every year, Phi Sigma Iota awards several scholastic grants to its members. Its first scholarship, the Henry Ward Church Memorial Scholarship, was established in 1939 in memory of the society's founder and first national president.[4][10] The Dr. Anthony S. Corbiere Scholarship was created in 1970 to honor Corbiere's service as the society's national historian, newsletter editor, and executive secretary for almost thirty years.[10]
Two additional named scholarships were created in 2000—the Dr. Cleon Capsus Scholarship and the Dr. Santiago Vilas Scholarship.[10] Capsus was a professor of Spanish and Portuguese at the University of South Florida.[10] Vilas was former national president of Phi Sigma Iota.[10] The Dr. Marie-France Hilgar Scholarship was established to honor another former national president.[10] The Dorothy I. Mitstifer Scholarship was established by the society's executive committee in September 2015 to honor the former president of the Association of College Honor Societies who advised Phi Sigma Iota during transitional times.[10]
Membership
[edit]Phi Sigma Iota selects qualified members regardless of age, color, disability, gender, national origin, race, religion, or sexual orientation.[11] Membership in Phi Sigma Iota is based on academic achievement in the fields of classics, comparative literature, ESL, foreign language, foreign language education, linguistics, and second language acquisition.[6][11]
Undergraduates must be enrolled in a third-year or fourth-year language course and have at least a B+ average in language classes.[6][5] In addition, undergraduate candidates must have an overall B GPA and rank in the upper 35% of their class.[6][5] Usually, undergraduates are elected to membership in their junior or senior year.[6] Graduate students are eligible for membership after completing one-semester studying language with a B+ grade point average.[6][5]
Alumni of collegiate chapters are considered professional members.[11] Others can be elected to professional membership for contributions to the profession, provided they earned a foreign language degree and ranked in the top 35% of their undergraduate class or a 3.5 GPA as a graduate student.[11] University faculty may also become professional members after teaching for one academic year and demonstrating support for the field.[11][5] Honorary membership is awarded to individuals outside of the field "who have made distinctive scholarly and research contributions to the study, use, or promotion of foreign languages and the ideals of the society".[11]
Chapters
[edit]As of 2024, Phi Sigma Iota has 180 chapters in the United States and France.[7]
Notable members
[edit]- Victoria Doudera, member of the Maine House of Representatives[12]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Good News!-BU student inducted into Phi Sigma Iota". Press & Sun-Bulletin. May 15, 2010. Retrieved June 22, 2024 – via ProQuest.
- ^ "Language Group Starts Chapter at University FYI". The Morning Call. May 18, 1987. Retrieved June 21, 2024 – via ProQuest.
- ^ a b c d e f g Robson, John, ed. (1963). Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities (17th ed.). Menasha, Wisconsin: The Collegiate Press, George Banta Company, Inc. pp. 588-589.
- ^ a b c d "Notes and News". The Modern Language Journal. 39 (7): 378–381. 1955. JSTOR 321050.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Phi Sigma Iota, Inc. ΦΣΙ The International Foreign Language Honor Society (brochure) (PDF). Phi Sigma Iota. March 2021. Retrieved June 22, 2024.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Phi Sigma Iota Honor Society- Foreign Languages, Linguistics, Literatures, ESL., & Cultures". Association for College Honor Societies. November 21, 2011. Archived from the original on April 14, 2012. Retrieved June 22, 2024 – via web.archive.org.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "History". Phi Sigma Iota. Retrieved June 22, 2024.
- ^ a b “In Memoriam: Etienne B. Renaud.” The French Review 47, no. 3 (1974): 613–14. via JSTOR.
- ^ "Benefits of Membership". Phi Sigma Iota. Retrieved June 22, 2024.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Society Scholarships". Phi Sigma Iota. Retrieved June 22, 2024.
- ^ a b c d e f "Qualifications for Membership". Phi Sigma Iota. Retrieved June 22, 2024.
- ^ "Victoria W. Doudera". Maine House of Representatives. Retrieved June 22, 2024.
External links
[edit]| International | |
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| National | |
