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| name = Thirumal Perumai
| name = Thirumal Perumai
| image = Thirumal Perumai poster.jpg
| image = Thirumal Perumai poster.jpg

| border = no
| caption = Poster
| caption = Poster
| director = [[A. P. Nagarajan]]
| director = [[A. P. Nagarajan]]
Line 20: Line 20:
}}
}}


'''''Thirumal Perumai''''' ({{Translation|Pride of [[Vishnu]]}}) is a 1968 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[Hindu mythological and devotional cinema|Hindu mythological film]], directed by [[A. P. Nagarajan]].<ref>https://kalkionline.com/imagegallery/archiveimages/kalki/1968/feb/25-02-1968/p64.jpg</ref><ref>https://kalkionline.com/imagegallery/archiveimages/kalki/1968/mar/10-03-1968/p25.jpg</ref> The film stars [[Sivaji Ganesan]] and [[Padmini (actress)|Padmini]]. It was released on 16 February 1968.<ref>{{Cite news |date=16 February 1968 |title=Thirumal Perumai |page=12 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=P9oYG7HA76QC&dat=19680216&printsec=frontpage&hl=en}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
'''''Thirumal Perumai''''' ({{Translation|Greatness of [[Vishnu]]}}) is a 1968 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language Hindu mythological film, directed by [[A. P. Nagarajan]].<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=25 February 1968 |title=திருமால் பெருமை |url=https://kalkionline.com/kalkionline_archive/imagegallery/archiveimages/kalki/1968/feb/25-02-1968/p64.jpg |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220725115419/https://kalkionline.com/kalkionline_archive/imagegallery/archiveimages/kalki/1968/feb/25-02-1968/p64.jpg |archive-date=25 July 2022 |access-date=4 January 2022 |magazine=[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]] |page=64 |language=ta}}</ref> The film stars [[Sivaji Ganesan]] and [[Padmini (actress)|Padmini]]. It was released on 16 February 1968.<ref>{{Cite news |date=16 February 1968 |title=Thirumal Perumai |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=P9oYG7HA76QC&dat=19680216&printsec=frontpage&hl=en |access-date=21 June 2021 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |pages=12 |via=[[Google News Archive]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref>


== Plot ==
== Plot ==
Thirumal Perumai tells three spell-binding stories about how far you can get with Lord [[Vishnu]]'s grace, and how he can solve problems.
Thirumal Perumai tells three spell-binding stories about how far you can get with Lord [[Vishnu]]'s grace, and how he can solve problems.


;Andal
;[[Andal]]
Goddess Lakshmi had been reincarnated on earth as the daughter of a devotee. She was named Kothai.
Goddess [[Lakshmi]] reincarnated as the daughter of [[Periyalvar]] in [[Srivilliputhur Andal temple|Srivilliputhur]]. She was named [[Andal]] or Kodhai.
⚫
As she grew up, she learned about [[Krishna]] and loved him. She sang the [[Thiruppavai|Tiruppavai]] to wake the deity every morning. Once, she dressed up as a bride and wore the deity's garland before it was offered to him. Just as she was admiring herself&nbsp;– her father caught her and slapped her. After much crying, she promised never to wear the deity's garland again. Periyalvar did puja to Vishnu and put a new garland on him. To his surprise, it fell off. Periyalvar learned that Vishnu only liked garlands that had been worn by Andal. Andal comes in with the previous garland and then they garland Vishnu.

Periyalvar later arranges for Andal's marriage after she told him that she dreamed about Krishna marrying her. The two travel to [[Srirangam]] and enter the sanctum of the [[Ranganathaswamy Temple, Srirangam|temple]]. Andal, dressed as a bride merges with the idol and Vishnu appears, telling Periyalvar that Andal was none other than Lakshmi herself. Andal was later considered as the only female [[Alvars|Alvar]] saint and a shrine was built for her in both Srirangam and Srivilliputhur temples.
⚫
As she grew up, she learnt about Krishna and loved him. Once, she wore the Lord's garland. Just as she was admiring herself&nbsp;– her father caught her and slapped her. After much crying, she promised never to wear the Lord's garland again. The devotee did service to Lord Vishnu and put the garland on him. To his surprise, it fell off.

The devotee learnt that Lord Vishnu only liked garlands that had been worn by Kothai. Kothai comes in with the previous garland and then they garland Lord Vishnu.

The story ends with Kothai merging with Lord Vishnu.


;The Thief
;The Thief
There is a king, who makes one of his men a king of a city. He then gives his daughter in marriage to the new king. The new king is engrossed in war. His wife makes him change his views and he begins building a temple. Gradually he is reduced to the state of robbing to get money for God's temple. Once he comes across a wedding couple. He takes all their jewels and then looks at the groom's toe ring. He cannot remove it. The groom is actually Lord Vishnu and the bride Goddess Lakshmi. He falls at their feet and then accompanies the lord to his abode.
There is a king, who makes one of his men a king of a city. He then gives his daughter in marriage to the new king. The new king is engrossed in war. His wife makes him change his views and he begins building a temple. Gradually he is reduced to the state of robbing to get money for Vishnu's temple. Once he comes across a wedding couple. He takes all their jewels and then looks at the groom's toe ring. He cannot remove it. The groom is actually Vishnu and the bride is the goddess Lakshmi. He falls at their feet and then accompanies the lord to his abode.


;The Dancer
;The Dancer
There is a dancer who goes to see a sage. Then she vows to make him her slave. Finally the sage falls in love with her and then the dancer goes to visit her mother. While she is at the temple the sage arrives. The mother is disgusted seeing that he is not rich. Finally Lord Vishnu takes the temple deity's jewels in a pot to the mother and she welcomes the sage. The sage is accused of stealing, and just before he is going to be killed, Lord Vishnu comes and saves the day.
There is a dancer who goes to see a sage. Then she vows to make him her slave. Finally, the sage falls in love with her and then the dancer goes to visit her mother. While she is at the temple the sage arrives. The mother is disgusted seeing that he is not rich. Finally, Vishnu takes his jewels in a pot to the mother and she welcomes the sage. The sage is accused of stealing, and just before he is going to be killed, Vishnu comes and saves the day.


== Cast ==
== Cast ==


=== Main cast ===
* [[Sivaji Ganesan]] as [[Periyalvar]], [[Thirumangai Alvar|Thirumangai Alwar]], [[Thondaradippodi Alvar|Thondaradi podi Alwar]] ([[Vipranarayanar|Vibranarayanar]]).
{{Cast listing|* [[Sivaji Ganesan]] as [[Periyalvar]], [[Thirumangai Alvar]], [[Thondaradippodi Alvar]] ([[Vipranarayanar]]).
* [[Sivakumar]]... [[Vishnu]]<ref name="thenewsminute">{{Cite web |last=Aravind |first=CV |date=20 June 2017 |title=Revisiting AP Nagarajan, the man who gave us immortal films like 'Thiruvilayadal' and 'Saraswathi Sabatham' |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/revisiting-ap-nagarajan-man-who-gave-us-immortal-films-thiruvilayadal-and-saraswathi |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180116114012/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/revisiting-ap-nagarajan-man-who-gave-us-immortal-films-thiruvilayadal-and-saraswathi |archive-date=16 January 2018 |access-date=21 June 2021 |website=[[The News Minute]]}}</ref>
* [[Sivakumar]]... [[Vishnu]]<ref name="thenewsminute">{{Cite web |last=Aravind |first=CV |date=20 June 2017 |title=Revisiting AP Nagarajan, the man who gave us immortal films like 'Thiruvilayadal' and 'Saraswathi Sabatham' |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/revisiting-ap-nagarajan-man-who-gave-us-immortal-films-thiruvilayadal-and-saraswathi |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180116114012/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/revisiting-ap-nagarajan-man-who-gave-us-immortal-films-thiruvilayadal-and-saraswathi |archive-date=16 January 2018 |access-date=21 June 2021 |website=[[The News Minute]]}}</ref>
* [[Sowcar Janaki]]... Kumuthavalli
* [[Sowcar Janaki]]... Kumuthavalli
Line 50: Line 47:
*[[Rajasulochana]]... Devi, Dancer's sister
*[[Rajasulochana]]... Devi, Dancer's sister
* [[S. N. Lakshmi]]... Dancer's Mother
* [[S. N. Lakshmi]]... Dancer's Mother
* [[M. Bhanumathi]] as [[Goddess Lakshmi]]
* [[M. Bhanumathi]] as [[Goddess Lakshmi]]}}


Cameo Appearance:
=== Cameo appearance ===
⚫
{{Cast listing|* [[Nagesh]]... Raman

⚫
* [[M. N. Nambiar]]... [[Raja Raja Chola I|Chola King]]
⚫
* [[Nagesh]]... Raman
⚫
* [[M. N. Nambiar]]... [[Raja Raja Chola I|Chola King]]
*[[E. R. Sahadevan]].... [[Raja Raja Chola I|Chola King]]
*[[E. R. Sahadevan]].... [[Raja Raja Chola I|Chola King]]
* [[T. R. Ramachandran]]... Ranga Thondaradi Podi Alwar Student
* [[T. R. Ramachandran]]... Ranga Thondaradi Podi Alwar Student
Line 65: Line 61:
* [[T. P. Muthulakshmi]] as Nattamai's wife
* [[T. P. Muthulakshmi]] as Nattamai's wife
* K. R. Devaki
* K. R. Devaki
* [[Master Prabhakar]] as [[Lord Krishna|little Krishna]]
* [[Master Prabhakar]] as [[Lord Krishna|little Krishna]]}}


== Soundtrack ==
== Soundtrack ==
The music was composed by [[K. V. Mahadevan]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Thirumal Perumai (1968) |url=http://www.raaga.com/channels/tamil/moviedetail.asp?mid=t0001248 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140619093204/http://www.raaga.com/channels/tamil/moviedetail.asp?mid=t0001248 |archive-date=19 June 2014 |access-date=19 June 2014 |website=[[Raaga.com]]}}</ref> The song "Thirumal Perumaikku" is based on [[Madhyamavati]] raga.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mani |first=Charulatha |author-link=Charulatha Mani |date=30 August 2013 |title=The power of three |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/music/the-power-of-three/article5075368.ece |url-status=live |access-date=24 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624063808/https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/music/the-power-of-three/article5075368.ece |archive-date=24 June 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=ராமானுஜன் |first=டாக்டர் ஜி. |date=8 June 2018 |title=ராக யாத்திரை 08: முத்துக்களோ ராகம்; தித்திப்பதோ பாடல்! |url=https://www.hindutamil.in/news/supplements/hindu-talkies/132652-08.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624063812/https://www.hindutamil.in/news/supplements/hindu-talkies/132652-08.html |archive-date=24 June 2021 |access-date=24 June 2021 |website=[[Hindu Tamil Thisai]] |language=ta}}</ref> "Kakkai Chiraginiley" is based on [[Subramania Bharati]]'s song of the same name.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Vamanan |author-link=Vamanan |date=19 January 2018 |title=Andal, the mystic who inspired stage and cinematic classics |work=[[The Times of India]] |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/tracking-indian-communities/andal-the-mystic-who-inspired-stage-and-cinematic-classics/ |url-status=live |access-date=24 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624063140/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/tracking-indian-communities/andal-the-mystic-who-inspired-stage-and-cinematic-classics/ |archive-date=24 June 2021}}</ref>
The music was composed by [[K. V. Mahadevan]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Thirumal Perumai (1968) |url=http://www.raaga.com/channels/tamil/moviedetail.asp?mid=t0001248 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140619093204/http://www.raaga.com/channels/tamil/moviedetail.asp?mid=t0001248 |archive-date=19 June 2014 |access-date=19 June 2014 |website=[[Raaga.com]]}}</ref> The song "Thirumal Perumaikku" is a [[ragamalika]] that begins with [[Madhyamavati]] raga, followed by [[Dhanyasi]], [[Mohanam]], [[Kanada (family of ragas)|Kaanada]], [[Brindavani Sarang|Saranga]], [[Khamas (raga)|Khamas]], Paras, [[Saramati|Saramathi]], [[Harikambhoji#Janya rāgams|Surutti]] and Begada, ending with Madhyamavathi again.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mani |first=Charulatha |author-link=Charulatha Mani |date=30 August 2013 |title=The power of three |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/music/the-power-of-three/article5075368.ece |url-status=live |access-date=24 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624063808/https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/music/the-power-of-three/article5075368.ece |archive-date=24 June 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=ராமானுஜன் |first=டாக்டர் ஜி. |date=8 June 2018 |title=ராக யாத்திரை 08: முத்துக்களோ ராகம்; தித்திப்பதோ பாடல்! |url=https://www.hindutamil.in/news/supplements/hindu-talkies/132652-08.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624063812/https://www.hindutamil.in/news/supplements/hindu-talkies/132652-08.html |archive-date=24 June 2021 |access-date=24 June 2021 |website=[[Hindu Tamil Thisai]] |language=ta}}</ref> "Kakkai Chiraginiley" is based on [[Subramania Bharati]]'s song of the same name.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Vamanan |author-link=Vamanan |date=19 January 2018 |title=Andal, the mystic who inspired stage and cinematic classics |work=[[The Times of India]] |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/tracking-indian-communities/andal-the-mystic-who-inspired-stage-and-cinematic-classics/ |url-status=live |access-date=24 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624063140/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/tracking-indian-communities/andal-the-mystic-who-inspired-stage-and-cinematic-classics/ |archive-date=24 June 2021}}</ref>


{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
! No. !! Song !! Singers !! Lyrics !! Length
! Song !! Singers !! Lyrics !! Length
|-
|-
| 1 || "Gopiyar Konjum Ramana" || [[T. M. Soundararajan]] || |[[Kannadasan]] || 02:12
| "Gopiyar Konjum Ramana" || [[T. M. Soundararajan]] || |[[Kannadasan]] || 02:12
|-
|-
| 2 || "Hari Hari Gokula" || T. M. Soundararajan, [[T. L. Maharajan|Master Maharajan]], [[P. Susheela]] || Kannadasan||03:23
| "Hari Hari Gokula" || T. M. Soundararajan, [[T. L. Maharajan|Master Maharajan]], [[P. Susheela]] || Kannadasan||03:23
|-
|-
| 3 || "Kakkai Chiraginiley" || [[Soolamangalam Sisters|Soolamangalam Rajalakshmi]] || [[Subramania Bharati]]||02:51
| "Kakkai Chiraginiley" || [[Soolamangalam Sisters|Soolamangalam Rajalakshmi]] || [[Subramania Bharati]]||02:51
|-
|-
| 4 || "Kannanukkum Kalvanukkum" || P. Susheela || Kannadasan||02:44
| "Kannanukkum Kalvanukkum" || P. Susheela || Kannadasan||02:44
|-
|-
| 5 || "Kanna Kanna Kaviya Vanna" || P. Susheela || Kannadasan||02:44
| "Kanna Kanna Kaviya Vanna" || P. Susheela || Kannadasan||02:44
|-
|-
| 6 || "Malargaliley Pala" || T. M. Soundararajan || Kannadasan||02:46
| "Malargaliley Pala" || T. M. Soundararajan || Kannadasan||02:46
|-
|-
| 7 || "Margazhi Thingal" || P. Susheela || Andal||02:09
| "Margazhi Thingal" || P. Susheela || [[Andal]]||02:09
|-
|-
| 8 || "Pachchai Maa Malaipol Meni" || T. M. Soundararajan || [[Thondaradippodi Alvar]] || 02:08
| "Pachchai Maa Malaipol Meni" || T. M. Soundararajan || [[Thondaradippodi Alvar]] || 02:08
|-
|-
| 9 || "Thirumal Perumaikku" || T. M. Soundararajan || Kannadasan || 04:43
| "Thirumal Perumaikku" || T. M. Soundararajan || Kannadasan || 04:43
|-
|-
| 10 || "Vaaranamayiram" || P. Susheela || [[Nachiar Tirumozhi]] || 02:34
| "Vaaranamayiram" || P. Susheela || Andal, Kannadasan || 02:34
|-
|-
| 11 || "Karaiyeru Meen Vilaiyaadum" || P. Susheela, Soolamangalam Rajalakshmi || Kannadasan || 02:49
| "Karaiyeru Meen Vilaiyaadum" || P. Susheela, Soolamangalam Rajalakshmi || Kannadasan || 02:49
|}
|}

== Reception ==
''[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]]'' praised the acting of Sivaji Ganesan and other actors and Nagarajan's dialogues but called lack of outdoor scenes and the film's play like feel as drawbacks while also panning Kodhai's costume design and Nagesh's acting.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=10 March 1968 |title=திருமால் பெருமை |url=https://kalkionline.com/kalkionline_archive/imagegallery/archiveimages/kalki/1968/mar/10-03-1968/p25.jpg |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220725115255/https://kalkionline.com/kalkionline_archive/imagegallery/archiveimages/kalki/1968/mar/10-03-1968/p25.jpg |archive-date=25 July 2022 |access-date=4 January 2022 |magazine=[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]] |page=25 |language=ta}}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==
Line 103: Line 102:


{{A. P. Nagarajan}}
{{A. P. Nagarajan}}
[[Category:1960s Indian films]]

[[Category:1960s Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:1960s Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:1968 films]]
[[Category:1968 films]]
Line 111: Line 110:
[[Category:Hindu devotional films]]
[[Category:Hindu devotional films]]
[[Category:Hindu mythological films]]
[[Category:Hindu mythological films]]
[[Category:Indian films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]

Latest revision as of 01:24, 20 August 2024

Thirumal Perumai
Poster
Directed byA. P. Nagarajan
Screenplay byA. P. Nagarajan
Based onNaalayira Divya Prabandham
by Alvars
StarringSivaji Ganesan
Padmini
CinematographyW. R. Subba Rao
Edited byM. N. Rajan
T. R. Natarajan
Music byK. V. Mahadevan
Production
company
Thiruvenkateswara Movies
Release date
  • 16 February 1968 (1968-02-16)
Running time
159 minutes
CountryIndia
LanguageTamil

Thirumal Perumai (transl. Greatness of Vishnu) is a 1968 Indian Tamil-language Hindu mythological film, directed by A. P. Nagarajan.[1] The film stars Sivaji Ganesan and Padmini. It was released on 16 February 1968.[2]

Plot

[edit]

Thirumal Perumai tells three spell-binding stories about how far you can get with Lord Vishnu's grace, and how he can solve problems.

Andal

Goddess Lakshmi reincarnated as the daughter of Periyalvar in Srivilliputhur. She was named Andal or Kodhai. As she grew up, she learned about Krishna and loved him. She sang the Tiruppavai to wake the deity every morning. Once, she dressed up as a bride and wore the deity's garland before it was offered to him. Just as she was admiring herself – her father caught her and slapped her. After much crying, she promised never to wear the deity's garland again. Periyalvar did puja to Vishnu and put a new garland on him. To his surprise, it fell off. Periyalvar learned that Vishnu only liked garlands that had been worn by Andal. Andal comes in with the previous garland and then they garland Vishnu. Periyalvar later arranges for Andal's marriage after she told him that she dreamed about Krishna marrying her. The two travel to Srirangam and enter the sanctum of the temple. Andal, dressed as a bride merges with the idol and Vishnu appears, telling Periyalvar that Andal was none other than Lakshmi herself. Andal was later considered as the only female Alvar saint and a shrine was built for her in both Srirangam and Srivilliputhur temples.

The Thief

There is a king, who makes one of his men a king of a city. He then gives his daughter in marriage to the new king. The new king is engrossed in war. His wife makes him change his views and he begins building a temple. Gradually he is reduced to the state of robbing to get money for Vishnu's temple. Once he comes across a wedding couple. He takes all their jewels and then looks at the groom's toe ring. He cannot remove it. The groom is actually Vishnu and the bride is the goddess Lakshmi. He falls at their feet and then accompanies the lord to his abode.

The Dancer

There is a dancer who goes to see a sage. Then she vows to make him her slave. Finally, the sage falls in love with her and then the dancer goes to visit her mother. While she is at the temple the sage arrives. The mother is disgusted seeing that he is not rich. Finally, Vishnu takes his jewels in a pot to the mother and she welcomes the sage. The sage is accused of stealing, and just before he is going to be killed, Vishnu comes and saves the day.

Cast

[edit]

Main cast

[edit]

Cameo appearance

[edit]

Soundtrack

[edit]

The music was composed by K. V. Mahadevan.[4] The song "Thirumal Perumaikku" is a ragamalika that begins with Madhyamavati raga, followed by Dhanyasi, Mohanam, Kaanada, Saranga, Khamas, Paras, Saramathi, Surutti and Begada, ending with Madhyamavathi again.[5][6] "Kakkai Chiraginiley" is based on Subramania Bharati's song of the same name.[7]

Song Singers Lyrics Length
"Gopiyar Konjum Ramana" T. M. Soundararajan Kannadasan 02:12
"Hari Hari Gokula" T. M. Soundararajan, Master Maharajan, P. Susheela Kannadasan 03:23
"Kakkai Chiraginiley" Soolamangalam Rajalakshmi Subramania Bharati 02:51
"Kannanukkum Kalvanukkum" P. Susheela Kannadasan 02:44
"Kanna Kanna Kaviya Vanna" P. Susheela Kannadasan 02:44
"Malargaliley Pala" T. M. Soundararajan Kannadasan 02:46
"Margazhi Thingal" P. Susheela Andal 02:09
"Pachchai Maa Malaipol Meni" T. M. Soundararajan Thondaradippodi Alvar 02:08
"Thirumal Perumaikku" T. M. Soundararajan Kannadasan 04:43
"Vaaranamayiram" P. Susheela Andal, Kannadasan 02:34
"Karaiyeru Meen Vilaiyaadum" P. Susheela, Soolamangalam Rajalakshmi Kannadasan 02:49

Reception

[edit]

Kalki praised the acting of Sivaji Ganesan and other actors and Nagarajan's dialogues but called lack of outdoor scenes and the film's play like feel as drawbacks while also panning Kodhai's costume design and Nagesh's acting.[8]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "திருமால் பெருமை". Kalki (in Tamil). 25 February 1968. p. 64. Archived from the original on 25 July 2022. Retrieved 4 January 2022.
  2. ^ "Thirumal Perumai". The Indian Express. 16 February 1968. p. 12. Retrieved 21 June 2021 – via Google News Archive.
  3. ^ a b Aravind, CV (20 June 2017). "Revisiting AP Nagarajan, the man who gave us immortal films like 'Thiruvilayadal' and 'Saraswathi Sabatham'". The News Minute. Archived from the original on 16 January 2018. Retrieved 21 June 2021.
  4. ^ "Thirumal Perumai (1968)". Raaga.com. Archived from the original on 19 June 2014. Retrieved 19 June 2014.
  5. ^ Mani, Charulatha (30 August 2013). "The power of three". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 24 June 2021.
  6. ^ ராமானுஜன், டாக்டர் ஜி. (8 June 2018). "ராக யாத்திரை 08: முத்துக்களோ ராகம்; தித்திப்பதோ பாடல்!". Hindu Tamil Thisai (in Tamil). Archived from the original on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 24 June 2021.
  7. ^ Vamanan (19 January 2018). "Andal, the mystic who inspired stage and cinematic classics". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 24 June 2021.
  8. ^ "திருமால் பெருமை". Kalki (in Tamil). 10 March 1968. p. 25. Archived from the original on 25 July 2022. Retrieved 4 January 2022.
[edit]
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