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{{short description|American geophysicist}}
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{{Infobox scientist
{{Infobox scientist
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| caption = Circa 1962
| caption = Circa 1961
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1932|09|27}}
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1932|09|27}}
| birth_place = [[New York City]]
| birth_place = [[New York City]]
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'''Marcia Neugebauer''' (born September 27, 1932) is a prominent [[United States|American]] [[geophysicist]] who made contributions to [[space physics]]. Neugebauer's research are among the first that yielded the first direct measurements of the [[solar wind]] and shed light on its physics and interaction with [[comet]]s.
'''Marcia Neugebauer''' (born September 27, 1932) is an American [[geophysicist]] who made contributions to [[space physics]]. Neugebauer's research was among the first that yielded the first direct measurements of the [[solar wind]] and shed light on its physics and interaction with [[comet]]s.


== Life ==
⚫
Neugebauer was an investigator of the [[Mariner 2]] [[Plasma (physics)|plasma]] analyzer that made the first extensive measurements of the solar wind and discovery of its properties.<ref name="JPL-2012" /> She also developed analytical instruments that orbited Earth, some set up on the moon by the [[Apollo program|Apollo]] astronauts, and others that flew by [[Halley's comet]] on the European [[Giotto mission]].
Neugebauer was born in [[New York City]]. She attended [[Burr and Burton Academy]] (then Burr and Burton Seminary) in [[Manchester, Vermont]], where she played basketball and learned how to ski.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Physics |first=American Institute of |date=2021-09-24 |title=Marcia Neugebauer |url=https://www.aip.org/history-programs/niels-bohr-library/oral-histories/42831 |access-date=2023-03-21 |website=www.aip.org |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-31 |title=Alumni Interview: Five Things That Matter with Marcia MacDonald Neugebauer '50 |url=https://www.burrburton.org/bba-news-detail-aligned?pk=1242621&bbeml=tp-eCg6qaLUR0ikPUJHo4FwIg.jWcuXd06LlUG-677KtKnbyQ.rYQnjNvbRXESTDFwqZ-TNcA.l-Q3sxc8BiU68dcCEjGE5dQ |access-date=2023-03-21 |website=Burr & Burton Academy |language=en}}</ref> She received a B.A. in [[physics]] from [[Cornell University]] in 1954, followed by an M.S. in physics from the [[University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign|University of Illinois]] in [[Urbana, Illinois|Urbana]] in 1956.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.witi.com/halloffame/119285/Marcia-Neugebauer-Distinguised-visiting-scientist-Jet-Propulsion-Laboratory/|title=WITI - Marcia Neugebauer|website=www.witi.com|access-date=2020-04-16}}</ref> She was awarded an honorary Doctorate of Physics in 1998 by the [[University of New Hampshire]].


⚫
She was married to astrophysicist [[Gerry Neugebauer]].<ref name="JPL-2012" />
⚫
Neugebauer was Study Scientist for many space missions during her long career with [[NASA]], and held several management positions at the [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]], including Manager of the Physics and Space Physics sections, Manager of the [[Mariner Mark II]] study team, and Project Scientist for [[Ranger 1|Rangers 1]] and [[Ranger 2|2]] and the [[Comet Rendezvous Asteroid Flyby]] mission.


== Work ==
⚫
Neugebauer served as president of the [[American Geophysical Union]] from 1994-1996<ref name="AGU-1999" /> and was Editor-in-Chief of its journal ''[[Reviews of Geophysics]]''. She also chaired the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]]' Committee on Solar and Space Physics.
⚫
Neugebauer was an investigator of the [[Mariner 2]] [[Plasma (physics)|plasma]] analyzer that made the first extensive measurements of the solar wind and discovery of its properties.<ref name="JPL-2012" /><ref name=":0" /> She also developed analytical instruments that orbited Earth, some set up on the moon by the [[Apollo program|Apollo]] astronauts, and others that flew by [[Halley's comet]] on the European [[Giotto mission]].<ref name=":0" />


⚫
Neugebauer was study scientist for many space missions during her long career with [[NASA]] and held several management positions at the Propulsion Laboratory, including Manager of the Physics and Space Physics sections, Manager of the [[Mariner Mark II]] study team, and project scientist for [[Ranger 1|Rangers 1]] and [[Ranger 2|2]] and the [[Comet Rendezvous Asteroid Flyby]] mission.<ref name=":0" />
Neugebauer was born in [[New York City]]. She received a B.A. in [[physics]] from [[Cornell University]] in 1954, followed by an M.S. in physics from the [[University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign|University of Illinois]] in [[Urbana, Illinois|Urbana]] in 1956. She was awarded an honorary Doctorate of Physics in 1998 by the [[University of New Hampshire]].


⚫
Neugebauer served as president of the [[American Geophysical Union]] from 1994 to 1996<ref name="AGU-1999" /> and was editor-in-chief of its journal ''[[Reviews of Geophysics]]''.<ref name=":0" /> She also chaired the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]]' Committee on Solar and Space Physics.
⚫
She was married to astrophysicist [[Gerry Neugebauer]].<ref name="JPL-2012" />


==Awards and Honors==
==Awards and honors==
In 1967 the [[California Science Center|Museum of Science and Industry]] named Neugebauer "California Woman Scientist of the Year." She received many awards from NASA, including the Exceptional Scientific Achievement Award, the Outstanding Leadership Medal, and the [[NASA Distinguished Service Medal|Distinguished Service Medal]] (the highest award given by NASA). In 1997 she was inducted in the Women in Technology International Hall of Fame.<ref name="WITI-1997" /> In 2004 Neugebauer was awarded the William Kaula Award<ref name="AGU-2004" /> and in 2010 was awarded the [[Arctowski Medal]] from the National Academy of Sciences.<ref name=Arctowski>{{cite web|title=Arctowski Medal|url=http://www.nasonline.org/site/PageServer?pagename=AWARDS_arctowski|publisher=National Academy of Sciences|accessdate=13 February 2011}}</ref>
In 1967 the [[California Science Center|Museum of Science and Industry]] named Neugebauer "California Woman Scientist of the Year." She received many awards from NASA, including the Exceptional Scientific Achievement Award, the Outstanding Leadership Medal, and the [[NASA Distinguished Service Medal|Distinguished Service Medal]] (the highest award given by NASA).<ref name=":0" /> In 1997 she was inducted in the Women in Technology International Hall of Fame.<ref name="WITI-1997" /> In 2004 Neugebauer was awarded the William Kaula Award<ref name="AGU-2004" /> and in 2010 was awarded the [[Arctowski Medal]] from the National Academy of Sciences "for definitively establishing the existence of the solar wind, critical to understanding the physics of the heliosphere, and for elucidating many of its key properties."<ref name=Arctowski>{{cite web|title=Arctowski Medal |url=http://www.nasonline.org/site/PageServer?pagename=AWARDS_arctowski |publisher=National Academy of Sciences |access-date=13 February 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101229195941/http://www.nasonline.org/site/PageServer?pagename=AWARDS_arctowski |archive-date=29 December 2010 }}</ref>

In 2010 Neugebauer was awarded the [[George Ellery Hale Prize]] of the Solar Physics Division of the [[American Astronomical Society]] "for her seminal contributions to the discovery of the solar wind and her extensive and ongoing contributions to solar-heliospheric physics."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://solarnews.nso.edu/20100115/|title=SolarNews – 15 Jan 2010 {{!}} SolarNews|website=solarnews.nso.edu|access-date=2020-04-16}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2|refs=
{{Reflist|2|refs=
<ref name="AGU-1999">{{cite book|title=80 Years of Leadership|date=1999|publisher=American Geophysical Union|location=Washington, D.C.|page=14|url=http://about.agu.org/files/2013/03/AGU-80-Years-of-Leadership.pdf|accessdate=27 September 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="AGU-1999">{{cite book|title=80 Years of Leadership|date=1999|publisher=American Geophysical Union|location=Washington, D.C.|page=14|url=http://about.agu.org/files/2013/03/AGU-80-Years-of-Leadership.pdf|access-date=27 September 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="AGU-2004">{{cite web|title=2004 William Kaula Award Winner|url=https://honors.agu.org/winners/marcia-neugebauer-2/|publisher=American Geophysical Union|accessdate=27 September 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="AGU-2004">{{cite web|title=2004 William Kaula Award Winner|url=https://honors.agu.org/winners/marcia-neugebauer-2/|publisher=American Geophysical Union|access-date=27 September 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="JPL-2012">{{cite web|title=The Venus Mission|url=http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/mariner2/|publisher=Jet Propulsion Laboratory|accessdate=27 September 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="JPL-2012">{{cite web|title=The Venus Mission|url=http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/mariner2/|publisher=Jet Propulsion Laboratory|access-date=27 September 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="WITI-1997">{{cite web|title=WITI Hall of Fame|url=http://www.witi.com/center/witimuseum/halloffame/119285/Marcia-Neugebauer-Distinguised-visiting-scientist-Jet-Propulsion-Laboratory/|publisher=Women in Technology International|accessdate=27 September 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="WITI-1997">{{cite web|title=WITI Hall of Fame|url=http://www.witi.com/center/witimuseum/halloffame/119285/Marcia-Neugebauer-Distinguised-visiting-scientist-Jet-Propulsion-Laboratory/|publisher=Women in Technology International|access-date=27 September 2016}}</ref>
}}
}}


==External links==
==External links==
* [https://www.aip.org/history-programs/niels-bohr-library/oral-histories/42831 Oral history interview transcript with Marcia Neugebauer on 18 July 2017, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library & Archives]
* [http://genesismission.jpl.nasa.gov/gm2/team/people/neugebauer/NeugebauerJOURNALArticle.PDF Pioneers of space physics: A career in the solar wind - Marcia Neugebauer (J. of Geophysical Research)]
* [http://genesismission.jpl.nasa.gov/gm2/team/people/neugebauer/NeugebauerJOURNALArticle.PDF Pioneers of space physics: A career in the solar wind - Marcia Neugebauer (J. of Geophysical Research)]
* [http://cwp.library.ucla.edu/Phase2/Neugebauer,_Marcia@931234567.html Contributions Of 20th Century Women To Physics - Marcia Neugebauer (UCLA Archive)]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120806022157/http://cwp.library.ucla.edu/Phase2/Neugebauer,_Marcia@931234567.html Contributions Of 20th Century Women To Physics - Marcia Neugebauer (UCLA Archive)]
* [http://www.witi.com/center/witimuseum/halloffame/119285/Marcia-Neugebauer-Distinguised-visiting-scientist-Jet-Propulsion-Laboratory/ WITI Hall of Fame - Marcia Neugebauer]
* [http://www.witi.com/center/witimuseum/halloffame/119285/Marcia-Neugebauer-Distinguised-visiting-scientist-Jet-Propulsion-Laboratory/ WITI Hall of Fame - Marcia Neugebauer]
* [http://www.agu.org/inside/pastpres_bios_1980-2000.html American Geophysical Union, Past President Biographies: 1980-2000]
* [http://www.agu.org/inside/pastpres_bios_1980-2000.html American Geophysical Union, Past President Biographies: 1980-2000]
* [http://genesismission.jpl.nasa.gov/gm2/team/people/neugebauer/interview1.htm Interview at Jet Propulsion Laboratory, January 18, 1999]
* [http://genesismission.jpl.nasa.gov/gm2/team/people/neugebauer/interview1.htm Interview at Jet Propulsion Laboratory, January 18, 1999]
* [http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2005/2005EO120008.shtml Neugebauer Receives 2004 Kaula Award]
* [http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2005/2005EO120008.shtml Neugebauer Receives 2004 Kaula Award]

{{authority control}}


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[[Category:1932 births]]
[[Category:1932 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:American physicists]]
[[Category:American women physicists]]
[[Category:Women physicists]]
[[Category:American women scientists]]
[[Category:National Academy of Sciences laureates]]
[[Category:Cornell University alumni]]
[[Category:Cornell University alumni]]
[[Category:University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign alumni]]
[[Category:University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign alumni]]
[[Category:20th-century physicists]]
[[Category:20th-century American physicists]]
[[Category:21st-century physicists]]
[[Category:21st-century American physicists]]
[[Category:20th-century American scientists]]
[[Category:20th-century American women scientists]]
[[Category:21st-century American scientists]]
[[Category:21st-century American women scientists]]
[[Category:20th-century women scientists]]
[[Category:21st-century women scientists]]
[[Category:Women geophysicists]]
[[Category:Women geophysicists]]
[[Category:Geophysicists]]

Latest revision as of 20:00, 20 August 2024

Marcia Neugebauer
Circa 1961
Born (1932-09-27) September 27, 1932 (age 92)
New York City
NationalityAmerican
Alma materCornell University
Known forSpace Physics
AwardsArctowski Medal
NASA Distinguished Service Medal
Scientific career
InstitutionsNASA

Marcia Neugebauer (born September 27, 1932) is an American geophysicist who made contributions to space physics. Neugebauer's research was among the first that yielded the first direct measurements of the solar wind and shed light on its physics and interaction with comets.

Life

[edit]

Neugebauer was born in New York City. She attended Burr and Burton Academy (then Burr and Burton Seminary) in Manchester, Vermont, where she played basketball and learned how to ski.[1][2] She received a B.A. in physics from Cornell University in 1954, followed by an M.S. in physics from the University of Illinois in Urbana in 1956.[3] She was awarded an honorary Doctorate of Physics in 1998 by the University of New Hampshire.

She was married to astrophysicist Gerry Neugebauer.[4]

Work

[edit]

Neugebauer was an investigator of the Mariner 2 plasma analyzer that made the first extensive measurements of the solar wind and discovery of its properties.[4][3] She also developed analytical instruments that orbited Earth, some set up on the moon by the Apollo astronauts, and others that flew by Halley's comet on the European Giotto mission.[3]

Neugebauer was study scientist for many space missions during her long career with NASA and held several management positions at the Propulsion Laboratory, including Manager of the Physics and Space Physics sections, Manager of the Mariner Mark II study team, and project scientist for Rangers 1 and 2 and the Comet Rendezvous Asteroid Flyby mission.[3]

Neugebauer served as president of the American Geophysical Union from 1994 to 1996[5] and was editor-in-chief of its journal Reviews of Geophysics.[3] She also chaired the National Academy of Sciences' Committee on Solar and Space Physics.

Awards and honors

[edit]

In 1967 the Museum of Science and Industry named Neugebauer "California Woman Scientist of the Year." She received many awards from NASA, including the Exceptional Scientific Achievement Award, the Outstanding Leadership Medal, and the Distinguished Service Medal (the highest award given by NASA).[3] In 1997 she was inducted in the Women in Technology International Hall of Fame.[6] In 2004 Neugebauer was awarded the William Kaula Award[7] and in 2010 was awarded the Arctowski Medal from the National Academy of Sciences "for definitively establishing the existence of the solar wind, critical to understanding the physics of the heliosphere, and for elucidating many of its key properties."[8]

In 2010 Neugebauer was awarded the George Ellery Hale Prize of the Solar Physics Division of the American Astronomical Society "for her seminal contributions to the discovery of the solar wind and her extensive and ongoing contributions to solar-heliospheric physics."[9]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Physics, American Institute of (2021-09-24). "Marcia Neugebauer". www.aip.org. Retrieved 2023-03-21.
  2. ^ "Alumni Interview: Five Things That Matter with Marcia MacDonald Neugebauer '50". Burr & Burton Academy. 2022-08-31. Retrieved 2023-03-21.
  3. ^ a b c d e f "WITI - Marcia Neugebauer". www.witi.com. Retrieved 2020-04-16.
  4. ^ a b "The Venus Mission". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  5. ^ 80 Years of Leadership (PDF). Washington, D.C.: American Geophysical Union. 1999. p. 14. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  6. ^ "WITI Hall of Fame". Women in Technology International. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  7. ^ "2004 William Kaula Award Winner". American Geophysical Union. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  8. ^ "Arctowski Medal". National Academy of Sciences. Archived from the original on 29 December 2010. Retrieved 13 February 2011.
  9. ^ "SolarNews – 15 Jan 2010 | SolarNews". solarnews.nso.edu. Retrieved 2020-04-16.
[edit]
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