Jean-François Rewbell: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|French lawyer and diplomat (1747–1807)}} |
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[[File:Jean-François Reubell.JPG|thumb|Jean-François Rewbell as a member of the [[French Directory]]]] |
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==The revolutionary== |
==The revolutionary== |
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| ⚫ | Born at [[Colmar]] (now in the ''[[Département in France|département]]'' of [[Haut-Rhin]]), he became president of the local order of [[lawyer]]s, and in 1789 was elected as a deputy to the [[Estates-General of 1789|Estates-General]] by the [[Estates of the realm|Third Estate]] of the ''[[Bailiwick|bailliage]]'' of Colmar-Schlestadt.<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Rewbell, Jean François|volume=23|page=225}}</ref> |
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[[File:Rewbell1.jpg|thumb|left|Jean-François Reubell]] |
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[[File:Rewbell signed.JPG|thumb|Jean-François Reubell signed]] |
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| ⚫ | Born at [[Colmar]] (now in the ''[[Département in France|département]]'' of [[Haut-Rhin]]), he became president of the local order of [[lawyer]]s, and in 1789 was elected as a deputy to the [[Estates-General of 1789|Estates-General]] by the [[Estates of the realm|Third Estate]] of the ''[[Bailiwick|bailliage]]'' of Colmar-Schlestadt. |
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In the [[National Constituent Assembly]] his [[Public speaking|oratory]], legal knowledge and austerity of life gave him much influence. A partisan of revolutionary reforms, Rewbell voted in favor of reforms such as the ''[[Civil Constitution of the Clergy]]'', but opposed the recognition [[Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen|citizenship rights]] for [[History of the Jews in France|Alsatian Jews]]. |
In the [[National Constituent Assembly (France)|National Constituent Assembly]] his [[Public speaking|oratory]], legal knowledge and austerity of life gave him much influence.<ref name="EB1911"/> A partisan of revolutionary reforms, Rewbell voted in favor of reforms such as the ''[[Civil Constitution of the Clergy]]'', but opposed the recognition of [[Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen|citizenship rights]] for [[History of the Jews in France|Alsatian Jews]]. |
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In July 1791, after the flight of [[Louis XVI of France|Louis XVI]], the [[French Constitution of 1791|constitutional king]], Rewbell left the [[Jacobin Club]] and joined the ''[[Feuillant (political group)|Feuillants]]''. During the session of the [[Legislative Assembly (France)|Legislative Assembly]], after the Constituent Assembly was dissolved in September of that year, he exercised the functions of ''[[Syndic|procureur syndic]]'', and was subsequently secretary-general of the ''département'' of Haut-Rhin. He was elected to the [[French First Republic|Republic]]'s [[National Convention]] in 1792, and was its envoy to the [[Rhineland]], advocating the union of the [[Electorate of the Palatinate]] and other territories with France. A zealous promoter of the |
In July 1791, after the flight of [[Louis XVI of France|Louis XVI]], the [[French Constitution of 1791|constitutional king]], Rewbell left the [[Jacobin Club]] and joined the ''[[Feuillant (political group)|Feuillants]]''. During the session of the [[Legislative Assembly (France)|Legislative Assembly]], after the Constituent Assembly was dissolved in September of that year, he exercised the functions of ''[[Syndic|procureur syndic]]'', and was subsequently secretary-general of the ''département'' of Haut-Rhin.<ref name="EB1911"/> He was elected to the [[French First Republic|Republic]]'s [[National Convention]] in 1792, and was its envoy to the [[Rhineland]], advocating the union of the [[Electorate of the Palatinate]] and other territories with France.{{Citation needed|date=April 2024}} A zealous promoter of the [[Trial of Louis XVI]], he was absent on mission at the time of the king's condemnation.<ref name="EB1911"/> |
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==Directorate and retirement== |
==Directorate and retirement== |
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He took part in the [[Thermidorian Reaction]] movement which led to the fall of [[Maximilien Robespierre]], and became a member of the reorganised [[Committee of Public Safety]] and of the [[Committee of General Security]]. In early 1795, he assisted [[Emmanuel-Joseph Sieyès]] in negotiating the surrender of the [[Batavian Republic]] to the [[French Republic]]. His [[Moderate|moderation]] caused his election by seventeen '' |
He took part in the [[Thermidorian Reaction]] movement which led to the fall of [[Maximilien Robespierre]], and became a member of the reorganised [[Committee of Public Safety]] and of the [[Committee of General Security]].<ref name="EB1911"/> In early 1795, he assisted [[Emmanuel-Joseph Sieyès]] in negotiating the surrender of the [[Batavian Republic]] to the [[French Republic]]. His [[Moderate|moderation]] caused his election by seventeen ''départements'' to the [[Council of Five Hundred]]. |
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Appointed a member of the [[French Directory|Directory]] in November 1795, he became its president in 1796; he then entered the [[Council of Ancients]]. In office, Rewbell dealt with the [[House of Bourbon|Royalist]] attempted ''[[coup d'état]]'' ([[French Directory# |
Appointed a member of the [[French Directory|Directory]] in November 1795, he became its president in 1796; he then entered the [[Council of Ancients]].<ref name="EB1911"/> In office, Rewbell dealt with the [[House of Bourbon|Royalist]] attempted ''[[coup d'état]]'' ([[French Directory#Rise of the royalists and coup d'état (1797)|The 18 Fructidor]]), as well as the [[Conspiracy of the Equals]]; he engineered the [[annexation]] of the Rhineland and the southern [[Low Countries]] to the Republic, as well as the invasion of the [[Old Swiss Confederacy]] and the creation of the [[Helvetic Republic]]. He was retired by [[Voting|ballot]] in 1799, after being held responsible for the French [[French Revolutionary Wars: Campaigns of 1799|defeats of that year]] in front of the [[Second Coalition]]. |
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After [[Napoleon I of France|Napoleon Bonaparte]]'s coup of [[18 Brumaire]] he retired from public life, and died at Colmar.<ref name="EB1911"/> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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*L. Sciout, ''Le Directoire'' (Paris, 1895—97). |
*L. Sciout, ''Le Directoire'' (Paris, 1895—97). |
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{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. --> |
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| NAME = Rewbell, Jean-Francois |
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| ALTERNATIVE NAMES = |
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| SHORT DESCRIPTION = |
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| DATE OF BIRTH = October 8, 1747 |
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| PLACE OF BIRTH = |
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| DATE OF DEATH = November 23, 1807 |
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| PLACE OF DEATH = |
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}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Rewbell, Jean-Francois}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rewbell, Jean-Francois}} |
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[[Category:1747 births]] |
[[Category:1747 births]] |
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[[Category:1807 deaths]] |
[[Category:1807 deaths]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:18th-century French diplomats]] |
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[[Category:18th-century French lawyers]] |
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[[Category:Deputies to the French National Convention]] |
[[Category:Deputies to the French National Convention]] |
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[[Category:Directeurs of the First French Republic]] |
[[Category:Directeurs of the First French Republic]] |
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[[Category:Feuillants]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Jacobins]] |
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[[Category:Members of the Council of Five Hundred]] |
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[[Category:People from Colmar]] |
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[[de:Jean François Reubell]] |
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[[Category:People on the Committee of Public Safety]] |
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[[fr:Jean-François Reubell]] |
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[[it:Jean-François Reubell]] |
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[[no:Jean-François Reubell]] |
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[[ru:Ребелль, Жан-Франсуа]] |
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[[sl:Jean-François Rewbell]] |
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Latest revision as of 07:02, 21 August 2024
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (April 2024) |
Jean-François Reubell (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ fʁɑ̃swa ʁøbɛl]) or Rewbell (6 October 1747 – 24 November 1807) was a French lawyer, diplomat, and politician of the Revolution.
The revolutionary
[edit]Born at Colmar (now in the département of Haut-Rhin), he became president of the local order of lawyers, and in 1789 was elected as a deputy to the Estates-General by the Third Estate of the bailliage of Colmar-Schlestadt.[1]
In the National Constituent Assembly his oratory, legal knowledge and austerity of life gave him much influence.[1] A partisan of revolutionary reforms, Rewbell voted in favor of reforms such as the Civil Constitution of the Clergy, but opposed the recognition of citizenship rights for Alsatian Jews.
In July 1791, after the flight of Louis XVI, the constitutional king, Rewbell left the Jacobin Club and joined the Feuillants. During the session of the Legislative Assembly, after the Constituent Assembly was dissolved in September of that year, he exercised the functions of procureur syndic, and was subsequently secretary-general of the département of Haut-Rhin.[1] He was elected to the Republic's National Convention in 1792, and was its envoy to the Rhineland, advocating the union of the Electorate of the Palatinate and other territories with France.[citation needed] A zealous promoter of the Trial of Louis XVI, he was absent on mission at the time of the king's condemnation.[1]
Directorate and retirement
[edit]He took part in the Thermidorian Reaction movement which led to the fall of Maximilien Robespierre, and became a member of the reorganised Committee of Public Safety and of the Committee of General Security.[1] In early 1795, he assisted Emmanuel-Joseph Sieyès in negotiating the surrender of the Batavian Republic to the French Republic. His moderation caused his election by seventeen départements to the Council of Five Hundred.
Appointed a member of the Directory in November 1795, he became its president in 1796; he then entered the Council of Ancients.[1] In office, Rewbell dealt with the Royalist attempted coup d'état (The 18 Fructidor), as well as the Conspiracy of the Equals; he engineered the annexation of the Rhineland and the southern Low Countries to the Republic, as well as the invasion of the Old Swiss Confederacy and the creation of the Helvetic Republic. He was retired by ballot in 1799, after being held responsible for the French defeats of that year in front of the Second Coalition.
After Napoleon Bonaparte's coup of 18 Brumaire he retired from public life, and died at Colmar.[1]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Rewbell, Jean François". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 23 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 225.
- L. Sciout, Le Directoire (Paris, 1895—97).
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