Lady Mi: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Late 2nd century Chinese noblewoman}} |
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{{Expand Vietnamese|My phu nhân|date=February 2012}} |
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{{Infobox person |
{{Infobox person |
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| name = Lady Mi<br>麋夫人 |
| name = Lady Mi<br>麋夫人 |
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| image = 糜夫人.jpg |
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| relatives = {{unbulleted list|[[Mi Zhu]] (brother)|[[Mi Fang]] (brother)}} |
| relatives = {{unbulleted list|[[Mi Zhu]] (brother)|[[Mi Fang]] (brother)}} |
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{{ |
{{family name hatnote|Mi|lang=Chinese}} |
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'''Lady Mi''' ({{fl}}190s) was a younger sister of Liu Bei's subordinate [[Mi Zhu]] who arranged a marriage between her and Liu Bei after [[Liu Bei]]'s wife or wives and children had been captured by [[Lü Bu]] in 196. Though information on her life is scarce, she is mostly remembered for sacrificing her life in the ''[[Romance of the Three Kingdoms]]'' at the [[Battle of Changban]] to assure that [[Zhao Yun]] and the infant [[Liu Shan]] are safe from their pursuers. |
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'''Lady Mi''' was the second wife of the warlord [[Liu Bei]], who lived in the late [[Eastern Han dynasty]] and [[Three Kingdoms]] period of China. She was from Qu County (朐縣), Donghai Commandery (東海郡), which is present-day [[Lianyungang]], [[Jiangsu]]. She had two brothers: [[Mi Zhu]] and [[Mi Fang]], who previously served the warlord [[Tao Qian (Han dynasty)|Tao Qian]] before joining Liu Bei's side. Mi Zhu married his sister to Liu Bei after Liu's wife and children (identities unknown) were captured by [[Lü Bu]] when Lü invaded [[Xiapi]] in 196. |
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==Life== |
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In 200 CE, Lady Mi was captured along with [[Guan Yu]] when [[Cao Cao]] invaded Xuzhou; there were no further records of her after this incident. |
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Lady Mi was from Qu County ({{lang|zh-Hant|朐縣}}), [[Donghai Commandery]] ({{lang|zh-Hant|東海郡}}), which is present-day [[Lianyungang]], [[Jiangsu]]. She had two brothers: Mi Zhu and [[Mi Fang]] from the influential and wealthy Mi clan in the [[Xu Province]] (present-day northern [[Jiangsu]]), who previously served the warlord [[Tao Qian (Han dynasty)|Tao Qian]]. After Tao Qian's death, they supported Liu Bei to be the Governor of Xu Province and joined his side. When Lü Bu led his forces to seize Xiapi (下邳; present-day [[Pizhou]], Jiangsu), the capital of Xu Province from [[Zhang Fei]]. Mi Zhu sponsored Liu Bei with all of his family wealth and Lady Mi become Liu Bei's first wife during his family absence. Some domestic complications must have followed, for we are told Liu Bei made peace with Lü Bu soon afterwards and his family was returned to him. Lady Mi is never referred to again. |
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Liu Bei's family was captured once more by Lü Bu in 198, to be again returned later, and in 200 he was obliged to abandon his dependents to [[Cao Cao]]: that group never rejoined him. Had the Lady Mi been involved in those later incidents, one might expect that she would have been mentioned so she probably died earlier about 197.<ref>''A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms (23-220 AD)'' by [[Rafe de Crespigny]]</ref> |
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In 219, Lady Mi's brother (Mi Fang) was left in charge to defend key bases in [[Jing Province]] – Nan Commandery (南郡; around present-day [[Jingzhou]], [[Hubei]]) and [[Gong'an County]]. [[Lu Meng]] convinced him to surrender and betrayed Guan Yu. Liu Bei's treatment of Lady Mi which he may have seen as unfair could have been a factor in his decision to surrender to Wu. |
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==In ''Romance of the Three Kingdoms''== |
==In ''Romance of the Three Kingdoms''== |
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[[File:Battle of Changban Peking Opera 6.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Lady Mi addressing [[Zhao Yun]] before her suicide, from a [[Peking opera]] performance by [[Shanghai Jingju Theatre Company]] on May 3, 2015, in [[Tianchan Theatre]], [[Shanghai]], China.]] |
[[File:Battle of Changban Peking Opera 6.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Lady Mi addressing [[Zhao Yun]] before her suicide, from a [[Peking opera]] performance by [[Shanghai Jingju Theatre Company]] on May 3, 2015, in [[Tianchan Theatre]], [[Shanghai]], China.]] |
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In the 14th-century historical novel '' |
In the 14th-century historical novel ''Romance of the Three Kingdoms'', during the Battle of Changban, Lady Mi was lost in the midst of the battle and was injured while carrying Liu Bei's infant son Liu Shan with her. Zhao Yun went to search for them and found them beside a well. Zhao urged her to follow him but she refused, not wishing to burden him. After entrusting Liu Shan to Zhao, Lady Mi committed suicide by throwing herself into the well. Zhao knocked down a wall to cover the well to prevent their pursuers from finding her body. |
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A poem honored her sacrifice with those lines: |
A poem honored her sacrifice with those lines: |
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<poem> |
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The embattled captain had to have his steed; |
The embattled captain had to have his steed; |
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On foot he could not save the little prince. |
On foot he could not save the little prince. |
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Her death preserved the Liu dynastic line: |
Her death preserved the Liu dynastic line: |
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For bold decision mark this heroine. |
For bold decision mark this heroine. |
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</poem> |
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Later on, when Guan Yu met Liu Bei after they escaped with [[Lady Gan]] and saw that Lady Mi was absent, he asked his brother why he couldn't see his other sister in law. Liu Bei could only recount her heroic sacrifice to save Liu Shan in Dangyang. Guan Yu sighed and |
Later on, when [[Guan Yu]] met Liu Bei after they escaped with [[Lady Gan]] and saw that Lady Mi was absent, he asked his brother why he couldn't see his other sister in law. Liu Bei could only recount her heroic sacrifice to save Liu Shan in Dangyang. Guan Yu sighed and reproached him not going with [[Guan Yu#Advice to Liu Bei|his advice during Cao Cao's hunting expedition]] at the capital.<ref>''Romance of the Three Kingdoms''</ref> |
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==In popular culture== |
==In popular culture== |
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* [[Shu Han family trees]] |
* [[Shu Han family trees]] |
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* [[Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms]] |
* [[Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms]] |
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==Notes== |
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{{notelist}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{ |
{{Reflist}} |
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* [[Chen Shou|Chen, Shou]] (3rd century). ''[[Records of the Three Kingdoms]]'' (''Sanguozhi''). |
* [[Chen Shou|Chen, Shou]] (3rd century). ''[[Records of the Three Kingdoms]]'' (''Sanguozhi''). |
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* [[Pei Songzhi|Pei, Songzhi]] (5th century). ''[[Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms]]'' (''Sanguozhi zhu''). |
* [[Pei Songzhi|Pei, Songzhi]] (5th century). ''[[Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms]]'' (''Sanguozhi zhu''). |
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{{People of |
{{People of Shu}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Mi, Lady}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mi, Lady}} |
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[[Category:Year of birth unknown]] |
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]] |
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[[Category:Year of death uncertain]] |
[[Category:Year of death uncertain]] |
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[[Category:Liu Bei |
[[Category:Family of Liu Bei]] |
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[[Category:People from Lianyungang]] |
[[Category:People from Lianyungang]] |
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Latest revision as of 10:48, 23 August 2024
Lady Mi 麋夫人 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | Unknown |
| Died | Unknown |
| Spouse | Liu Bei |
| Relatives | |
Lady Mi (fl.190s) was a younger sister of Liu Bei's subordinate Mi Zhu who arranged a marriage between her and Liu Bei after Liu Bei's wife or wives and children had been captured by Lü Bu in 196. Though information on her life is scarce, she is mostly remembered for sacrificing her life in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms at the Battle of Changban to assure that Zhao Yun and the infant Liu Shan are safe from their pursuers.
Life
[edit]Lady Mi was from Qu County (朐縣), Donghai Commandery (東海郡), which is present-day Lianyungang, Jiangsu. She had two brothers: Mi Zhu and Mi Fang from the influential and wealthy Mi clan in the Xu Province (present-day northern Jiangsu), who previously served the warlord Tao Qian. After Tao Qian's death, they supported Liu Bei to be the Governor of Xu Province and joined his side. When Lü Bu led his forces to seize Xiapi (下邳; present-day Pizhou, Jiangsu), the capital of Xu Province from Zhang Fei. Mi Zhu sponsored Liu Bei with all of his family wealth and Lady Mi become Liu Bei's first wife during his family absence. Some domestic complications must have followed, for we are told Liu Bei made peace with Lü Bu soon afterwards and his family was returned to him. Lady Mi is never referred to again.
Liu Bei's family was captured once more by Lü Bu in 198, to be again returned later, and in 200 he was obliged to abandon his dependents to Cao Cao: that group never rejoined him. Had the Lady Mi been involved in those later incidents, one might expect that she would have been mentioned so she probably died earlier about 197.[1]
In Romance of the Three Kingdoms
[edit]
In the 14th-century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, during the Battle of Changban, Lady Mi was lost in the midst of the battle and was injured while carrying Liu Bei's infant son Liu Shan with her. Zhao Yun went to search for them and found them beside a well. Zhao urged her to follow him but she refused, not wishing to burden him. After entrusting Liu Shan to Zhao, Lady Mi committed suicide by throwing herself into the well. Zhao knocked down a wall to cover the well to prevent their pursuers from finding her body.
A poem honored her sacrifice with those lines:
The embattled captain had to have his steed;
On foot he could not save the little prince.
Her death preserved the Liu dynastic line:
For bold decision mark this heroine.
Later on, when Guan Yu met Liu Bei after they escaped with Lady Gan and saw that Lady Mi was absent, he asked his brother why he couldn't see his other sister in law. Liu Bei could only recount her heroic sacrifice to save Liu Shan in Dangyang. Guan Yu sighed and reproached him not going with his advice during Cao Cao's hunting expedition at the capital.[2]
In popular culture
[edit]Video games
[edit]Mei Sanniang from Kessen II is based upon Lady Mi. In the game, she is an old friend of Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei. She serves as a political adviser and leads a cavalry unit into battle.
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms (23-220 AD) by Rafe de Crespigny
- ^ Romance of the Three Kingdoms
- Chen, Shou (3rd century). Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi).
- Pei, Songzhi (5th century). Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi zhu).