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{{POV|date=June 2023}}
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{{Infobox person
| name = Phulchand Prithvi Raj
| name = Phulchand Prithvi Raj
| image =
| image =
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|spouse = Susan Martin Raj (1963-2016)
|spouse = Susan Martin Raj (1963-2016)
|children = 3
|children = 3
|residence = [[Cincinnati, Ohio]], US
|citizenship = US
|citizenship = US
| education = {{plainlist|
| education = {{plainlist|
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| specialism =
| specialism =
| research_field = interventional pain management
| research_field = interventional pain management
| awards = {{plainlist|
| prizes = {{plainlist|
*1990 The Gaston Labat Award, ASRA
*1990 The Gaston Labat Award, ASRA
*1995 Nils Lofgren Award - Astra Pharmaceuticals For Outstanding Contributions to the Field of Regional Anesthesia
*1995 Nils Lofgren Award - Astra Pharmaceuticals For Outstanding Contributions to the Field of Regional Anesthesia
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'''Phulchand Prithvi Raj''' (September 13, 1931 – February 27, 2016) was an [[Indian American]] physician and [[Anesthesiology|anesthesiologist]] specializing in [[interventional pain management]]. His name is synonymous with [[regional anesthesia]] and [[interventional pain management]]. Raj was an international leader in developing [[interventional pain management]] including development of multiple training programs, training of thousands of individual physicians, numerous publications, and organization of [[interventional pain management]] as a distinct specialty.<ref name="Raj Memoriam">{{cite journal|last1=Manchikanti|first1=Laxmaiah|title=In Memoriam of an Eminent Pain Physician: Phulchand Prithvi Raj|journal=Pain Physician|date=May 2016|volume=19|issue=4|page=E515-30|pmid=27228519|url=http://www.painphysicianjournal.com/current/pdf?article=MjcwMQ%3D%3D&journal=96|accessdate=10 June 2016}}</ref> Some felt his passing created a void in interventional pain management across the globe.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Hartrick|first1=CT|last2=Raj|first2=P. Prithivi|title=FIPP|journal=Pain Pract|date=2016|volume=16|pages=403-404}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Nair|first1=L.|last2=Giesecke|first2=A.|last3=Raj|first3=P. Prithvi|title=FFARCS: Regional anesthesia pioneer|journal=Bulletin of Anesthesia History|date=2010|volume=28|pages=7-11}}</ref> He is the contemporary of modern era pain management icons [[John Bonica]] who died on August 15, 1994, at the age of 77 <ref>{{cite web|last1=Loeser|first1=JD.|title=In memoriam: Dr. John J. Bonica 1917-1994|url=http://www.iasp-pain.org/AboutIASP/Content.aspx?ItemNumber=1129|publisher=International Association for the Study of Pain|accessdate=23 June 2016}}</ref> and [[Winnie_(name)|Alon P. Winnie]] who died on January 18, 2015, at the age of 73.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Candido|first1=KD.|title=Celebrating the life of Alon P. Winnie, MD, regional anesthesia and pain management icon|journal=Pain Physician|date=2015|volume=18|pages=E477-E483|accessdate=23 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Candido|first1=KD.|title=In memoriam: Alon Palm Winnie, MD: May 16, 1932-January 18, 2015, from the viewpoint of his "professional son," Kenneth D. Candido, MD|journal=Reg Anesth Pain Med|date=2015|volume=40|pages=301-305}}</ref> Raj, Bonica, and Winnie contributed enormously to the development and implementation of [[regional anesthesia]] and [[interventional pain management]] throughout their lives.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Raj|first1=PP|title=Practical Management of Pain|date=1986|publisher=Year Book Publishers|accessdate=23 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Bonica|first1=JJ|title=The Management of Pain, with Special Emphasis on the Use of Analgesic Block in Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapy.|date=1953|publisher=Lea & Febiger|accessdate=23 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Goebert|first1=HW Jr|last2=Jallo|first2=SJ|last3=Gardner|first3=WJ|last4=Wasmuth|first4=CE|last5=Bitte|first5=EM|title=Sciatica: Treatment with epidural injections of procaine and hydrocortisone|journal=Cleve Clin Q|date=1960|volume=27|page=191-197}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Winnie|first1=AP|last2=Hartman|first2=JT|last3=Myers|first3=HL Jr|last4=Ramamurthy|first4=S|last5=Barangan|first5=V|title=Pain clini II: Intradural and extradural corticosteroids for sciatica|journal=Anesthesia & Analgesia|date=1972|volume=51|pages=990-1003}}</ref>
'''Phulchand Prithvi Raj''' (September 13, 1931 – February 27, 2016) was an [[Indian American]] physician and [[Anesthesiology|anesthesiologist]] specializing in [[interventional pain management]]. His name is synonymous with [[regional anesthesia]] and [[interventional pain management]] including development of multiple training programs, training of thousands of individual physicians, numerous publications, and organization of [[interventional pain management]] as a distinct specialty.<ref name="Raj Memoriam">{{cite journal|last1=Manchikanti|first1=Laxmaiah|title=In Memoriam of an Eminent Pain Physician: Phulchand Prithvi Raj|journal=Pain Physician|date=May 2016|volume=19|issue=4|pages=E515-30|doi=10.36076/ppj/2019.19.E515|pmid=27228519|url=http://www.painphysicianjournal.com/current/pdf?article=MjcwMQ%3D%3D&journal=96|accessdate=10 June 2016|doi-access=free}}</ref> Some felt his passing created a void in interventional pain management across the globe.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Hartrick|first1=CT|last2=Raj|first2=P. Prithivi|title=FIPP|journal=Pain Pract|date=2016|volume=16|issue=4|pages=403–404|doi=10.1111/papr.12447|pmid=27040895|s2cid=206247045}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Nair|first1=L.|last2=Giesecke|first2=A.|last3=Raj|first3=P. Prithvi|title=FFARCS: Regional anesthesia pioneer|journal=Bulletin of Anesthesia History|date=2010|volume=28|issue=1|pages=7–11|doi=10.1016/S1522-8649(10)50003-9|pmid=22849201}}</ref> Some of his major contributions during his career involved the development and implementation of [[regional anesthesia]] and [[interventional pain management]].


== Personal background ==
== Personal background ==
Phulchand Prithvi Raj Borundia was born September 13, 1931 in Bagri Sajjanpur, a small village approximately 100 miles west of [[Jaipur]], Jaipur State, princely state of [[British India]] from 1128 to 1948, now the state of [[Rajasthan]], [[India]]. His parents were Badani Bai (mother) and Phool Chandji Borundia (father).
Phulchand Prithvi Raj Borundia was born September 13, 1931, in Bagri Sajjanpur, a small village approximately 100 miles west of [[Jaipur]], Jaipur State, princely state of [[British India]] from 1128 to 1948, now the state of [[Rajasthan]], [[India]]. His parents were Badani Bai (mother) and Phool Chandji Borundia (father).


During the pursuit of orthopedic surgery training, he met and married his Susan Martin, who was training as a nurse, in [[Darlington]] in 1963. She also became his working partner professionally. They had 3 children together. After retirement in 2003, he and his wife lived in Cincinnati, Ohio.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Manchikanti|first1=Laxmaiah|title=In Memoriam of an Eminent Pain Physician: Phulchand Prithvi Raj|journal=Pain Physician|date=2016|volume=19|page=E527|pmid=27228519|accessdate=22 June 2016}}</ref>
During the pursuit of orthopedic surgery training, he met and married his Susan Martin, who was training as a nurse, in [[Darlington]] in 1963. She also became his working partner professionally. They had 3 children together named Mark, Maya, and Sarah. He had 7 grandchildren named Saijal, Cameron, Devi, Christopher, Brevin, Colin, and Enzo. After retirement in 2003, he and his wife lived in Cincinnati, Ohio.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Manchikanti|first1=Laxmaiah|title=In Memoriam of an Eminent Pain Physician: Phulchand Prithvi Raj|journal=Pain Physician|date=2016|volume=19|issue=4|page=E527|pmid=27228519}}</ref>


== Education ==
== Education ==
P. Prithvi Raj completed high school at [[St. Joseph's Boys' High School, Bangalore]], [[Karnataka]], [[India]]. Raj graduated from [[Mysore Medical College]]. He did his residency in orthopedics.
P. Prithvi Raj completed high school at [[St. Joseph's Boys' High School, Bangalore]], [[Karnataka]], [[India]]. Raj graduated from [[Mysore Medical College]]. He did his residency in orthopedics.


Dr. Raj entered a rotating internship in orthopedics at [http://www.stmh.org/ St. Mary’s Hospital], [[Waterbury, Connecticut]]. He started his residency in anesthesia in 1963 at [[Parkland Memorial Hospital]] in [[Dallas, Texas]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Nair|first1=L|last2=Giesecke|first2=A|last3=Raj|first3=P. Prithvi|title=FFARCS: Regional anesthesia pioneer|journal=Bulletin of Anesthesia History|date=2010|volume=28|pages=7-11}}</ref> He completed his third year of residency in Norway.<ref>Interview of Dr. Raj conducted by Alon P. Winnie, MD, Chicago, May 2003</ref>
Dr. Raj entered a rotating internship in orthopedics at [http://www.stmh.org/ St. Mary’s Hospital], [[Waterbury, Connecticut]]. He started his residency in anesthesia in 1963 at [[Parkland Memorial Hospital]] in [[Dallas, Texas]].<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite journal|last1=Nair|first1=L|last2=Giesecke|first2=A|last3=Raj|first3=P. Prithvi|title=FFARCS: Regional anesthesia pioneer|journal=Bulletin of Anesthesia History|date=2010|volume=28|issue=1|pages=7–11|doi=10.1016/S1522-8649(10)50003-9|pmid=22849201}}</ref> He completed his third year of residency in Norway.<ref name="ReferenceB">Interview of Dr. Raj conducted by Alon P. Winnie, MD, Chicago, May 2003</ref>


== Professional Background ==
== Professional background ==
Raj was on the faculty at a number of universities in England, Norway, and throughout the United States. He was also one of the founders of the American Society of Regional Anesthesia (ASRA),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.asra.com/about |title=Founding Fathers| publisher=American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine| accessdate=July 12, 2016}}</ref>the Texas Pain Society,<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.texaspain.org/|last1=Raj|first1=PP|last2=Hill|first2=CS|last3=Racz|first3=G|last4=Heavner|first4=J|last5=Grabois|first5=M|last6=Neill|first6=J|last7=Willis|first7=W|last8=Schade|first8=CM|last9=Rashbaum|first9=R|last10=Calodney|first10=A|last11=Burton|first11=AW|last12=Somerville|first12=J|title=The story of the Texas Pain Society: Formation and function of a regional pain society|journal=Pain Pract|date=2012|volume=12|pages=57–65}}</ref> and [[World Institute of Pain]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wip.agoria.co.uk/group/1671/Documents/WIPFactSheet.pdf|title=WIP Fact Sheet|publisher=World Institute of Pain | accessdate=July 12, 2016}}</ref>, along with fellowship examination in interventional pain management offered across the globe.<ref>{{citejournal|last1=Ptaszynski|first1=AE|last2=Horlocker|first2=TT|last3=Bacon|first3=DR|last4=Rowlingson|first4=JC|last5=Winnie|first5=Alon|last6=Carron|first6=Harold|last7=Raj|first7=Pulchand|last8=Bridenbaugh|first8=Donald|last9=Katz| first9=Jordan| title=Founding fathers of the American Society of Regional Anesthesia|journal=Reg Anesth Pain Med| date=2006|volume=31|pages=71–78}}</ref> He also founded or cofounded multiple journals including [[Pain Practice]] and Pain Digest<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www2.kenes.com/wip/scientific/Documents/Prithvi_Raj_BIO.pdf | title=Phulchand Prithvi Raj, M.D., DABPM, FIPP | publisher=Kenes|accessdate=July 12, 2016}}</ref> He was a prolific writer and historian.<ref name="Raj Memoriam"/>
Raj was on the faculty at a number of universities in England, Norway, and throughout the United States. He was also one of the founders of the American Society of Regional Anesthesia (ASRA),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.asra.com/about |title=Founding Fathers| publisher=American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine| accessdate=July 12, 2016}}</ref> the Texas Pain Society,<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.texaspain.org/|last1=Raj|first1=PP|last2=Hill|first2=CS|last3=Racz|first3=G|last4=Heavner|first4=J|last5=Grabois|first5=M|last6=Neill|first6=J|last7=Willis|first7=W|last8=Schade|first8=CM|last9=Rashbaum|first9=R|last10=Calodney|first10=A|last11=Burton|first11=AW|last12=Somerville|first12=J|title=The story of the Texas Pain Society: Formation and function of a regional pain society|journal=Pain Pract|date=2012|volume=12|issue=1|pages=57–65|doi=10.1111/j.1533-2500.2011.00472.x|pmid=21615858|s2cid=205715061|doi-access=free}}</ref> and [[World Institute of Pain]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wip.agoria.co.uk/group/1671/Documents/WIPFactSheet.pdf|title=WIP Fact Sheet|publisher=World Institute of Pain | accessdate=July 12, 2016}}</ref> along with fellowship examination in interventional pain management offered across the globe.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Ptaszynski|first1=AE|last2=Horlocker|first2=TT|last3=Bacon|first3=DR|last4=Rowlingson|first4=JC|last5=Winnie|first5=Alon|last6=Carron|first6=Harold|last7=Raj|first7=Pulchand|last8=Bridenbaugh|first8=Donald|last9=Katz| first9=Jordan| title=Founding fathers of the American Society of Regional Anesthesia|journal=Reg Anesth Pain Med| date=2006|volume=31|pages=71–78| doi=10.1097/00115550-200601000-00013}}</ref> He also founded or cofounded multiple journals including [[Pain Practice]] and Pain Digest<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www2.kenes.com/wip/scientific/Documents/Prithvi_Raj_BIO.pdf |title=Phulchand Prithvi Raj, M.D., DABPM, FIPP |publisher=Kenes |accessdate=July 12, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161012181423/http://www2.kenes.com/wip/scientific/Documents/Prithvi_Raj_BIO.pdf |archive-date=October 12, 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> He was a prolific writer and historian.<ref name="Raj Memoriam"/>


Dr Raj started as a [[Foundation_doctor|house officer]] in 1958 in [[Ashton-under-Lyne]], [[Manchester]], and became registrar in 1962. After achieving his residency in [[orthopedics]], Raj decided to take his career to the United States. Raj entered a rotating internship at [http://www.stmh.org/ St. Mary’s Hospital], [[Waterbury, Connecticut]].
Dr Raj started as a [[Foundation doctor|house officer]] in 1958 in [[Ashton-under-Lyne]], [[Manchester]], and became registrar in 1962. After achieving his residency in [[orthopedics]], Raj decided to take his career to the United States. Raj entered a rotating internship at [http://www.stmh.org/ St. Mary’s Hospital], [[Waterbury, Connecticut]].


Dr. Raj started his anesthesiology residency under chairman, Dr. Pepper Jenkins, in 1963 at [[Parkland Memorial Hospital]] in [[Dallas, Texas]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Nair|first1=L|last2=Giesecke|first2=A|last3=Raj|first3=P. Prithvi|title=FFARCS: Regional anesthesia pioneer|journal=Bulletin of Anesthesia History|date=2010|volume=28|pages=7-11}}</ref> He completed his third year of residency in Norway.<ref>Interview of Dr. Raj conducted by Alon P. Winnie, MD, Chicago, May 2003</ref>
Dr. Raj started his anesthesiology residency under chairman, Dr. Pepper Jenkins, in 1963 at [[Parkland Memorial Hospital]] in [[Dallas, Texas]].<ref name="ReferenceA"/> He completed his third year of residency in Norway.<ref name="ReferenceB"/>


Dr. Raj was not only innovative and pioneering in scientific aspects, but also in promoting the specialty of regional anesthesia and interventional pain management. He was one of the 5 founders of ASRA in 1975.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Ptaszynski|first1=AE|last2=Horlocker|first2=TT|last3=Bacon|first3=DR|last4=Rowlingson|first4=JC|last5=Winnie|first5=Alon P.|last6=Bridenbaugh|first6=L. Donald|last7=Raj|first7=P. Prithvi|last8=Katz|first8=Jordan|title=Founding fathers of the American Society of Regiional Anesthesia|journal=Reg Anesth Pain Med|date=2006|volume=31|pages=71-78}}</ref> The history of the refounding of the ASRA, now known as the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine (ASRA-PM), dates back to late 1973 when 5 dreamers met, now called the founding fathers of the ASRA, to form a society devoted to teach regional anesthesia. These 5 pioneers of regional anesthesia were Alon Winnie, Donald Bridenbaugh, Harold Carron, Prithvi Raj, and Jordan Katz.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Manchikanti|first1=Laxmaiah|title=In Memoriam of an Eminent Pain Physician: Phulchand Prithvi Raj|journal=Pain Physician|date=2016|volume=19|issue=May/June|page=E521|pmid=27228519|url=http://www.painphysicianjournal.com/current/pdf?article=MjcwMQ%3D%3D&journal=96|accessdate=12 July 2016}}</ref>
Dr. Raj was not only innovative and pioneering in scientific aspects, but also in promoting the specialty of regional anesthesia and interventional pain management. He was one of the 5 founders of ASRA in 1975.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Ptaszynski|first1=AE|last2=Horlocker|first2=TT|last3=Bacon|first3=DR|last4=Rowlingson|first4=JC|last5=Winnie|first5=Alon P.|last6=Bridenbaugh|first6=L. Donald|last7=Raj|first7=P. Prithvi|last8=Katz|first8=Jordan|title=Founding fathers of the American Society of Regional Anesthesia|journal=Reg Anesth Pain Med|date=2006|volume=31|pages=71–78}}</ref> The history of the refounding of the ASRA, now known as the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine (ASRA-PM), dates back to late 1973 when 5 dreamers met, now called the founding fathers of the ASRA, to form a society devoted to teach regional anesthesia. These 5 pioneers of regional anesthesia were Alon Winnie, Donald Bridenbaugh, Harold Carron, Prithvi Raj, and Jordan Katz.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Manchikanti|first1=Laxmaiah|title=In Memoriam of an Eminent Pain Physician: Phulchand Prithvi Raj|journal=Pain Physician|date=2016|volume=19|issue=May/June|page=E521|pmid=27228519|url=http://www.painphysicianjournal.com/current/pdf?article=MjcwMQ%3D%3D&journal=96|accessdate=12 July 2016}}</ref>


== Achievements and Awards ==
== Selected works ==
During Dr. Raj's professional career and even after his death, he received numerous honors and awards. Some of the significant recognitions and awards are as follows:
During a 5-year career in [[Dallas]], Raj has researched many areas and is published in many forms. Among them are:
*Acute epiglottis in children: a respiratory emergency<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Raj|first1=Phulchand|title=Acute epiglottis in children. A respiratory emergency.|journal=Br J Anaesth|date=1969|volume=41|issue=7|pages=619–627|doi=10.1093/bja/41.7.619|pmid=5798842|doi-access=free}}</ref>
# 2016 Dr. Raj’s Distinguished Award in interventional pain management instituted by [[ASIPP]]
*Oxidation drug metabolism in human liver microsomes<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Raj|first1=Phulchand|title=Oxidation drug metabolism in human liver microsomes|journal=J Pharmacol Exp Ther|date=1971|volume=178|issue=3|pages=580–588|pmid=4398379}}</ref>
# 2014 Establishment of Annual Distinguished Lecture entitled: “Raj-Racz Distinguished Lecture”
*Techniques for fiberoptic laryngoscope in anesthesia<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Raj|first1=Phulchand|title=Techniques for fiberoptic laryngoscope in anesthesia|journal=Anesth Analg|date=1974|volume=53|issue=5|pages=708–714|pmid=4472341|doi=10.1213/00000539-197409000-00016|s2cid=44471964|doi-access=free}}</ref>
# 2013 Distinguished Service Award: [[ASIPP]]
*The site of action of intravenous regional anesthesia<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Raj|first1=Phulchand|title=The site of action of intravenous regional anesthesia.|journal=Anesth Analg|date=1972|volume=51|issue=5|pages=776–786|doi=10.1213/00000539-197209000-00029|pmid=4672172|s2cid=29981870|doi-access=free}}</ref>
# 2009 John Bonica Award: [https://www.asra.com/ ASRA]
*The use of the nerve stimulator with standard unsheathed needles in nerve blockage<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Raj|first1=Phulchand|title=The use of the nerve stimulator with standard unsheathed needles in nerve blockage.|journal=Anesth Analg|date=1973|volume=52|issue=5|pages=827–831|pmid=4738206|doi=10.1213/00000539-197309000-00036|s2cid=21364165|doi-access=free}}</ref>
# 2007 Recipient of Founding Father’s Medal: [https://www.asra.com/ ASRA]
*Infraclavicular brachial plexus - a new approach<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Raj|first1=Phulchand|title=Infraclavicular brachial plexus - a new approach.|journal=Anesth Analg|date=1973|volume=52|pages=897–904|doi=10.1213/00000539-197311000-00007|s2cid=28585912}}</ref>
# 2005 Distinguished Service Award: [https://www.asra.com/ ASRA]
*A new single-position supine approach to sciatic-femoral nerve block<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Raj|first1=Phulchand|title=A new single-position supine approach to sciatic-femoral nerve block.|journal=Anesth Analg|date=1975|volume=54|issue=4|pages=489–493|doi=10.1213/00000539-197507000-00020|pmid=1170786|s2cid=13463030|doi-access=free}}</ref>
# 2003 Lifetime Achievement Award: [[ASIPP]]
*Physiology and pharmacokinetics of continuous infusions<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Raj|first1=Phulchand|title=Physiology and pharmacokinetics of continuous infusions.|journal=Pain Digest|date=1997|volume=7|pages=51–61}}</ref>
# 2003 Premio Guido Moricca Award: Sardinia, Italy
*Experience with volumetric infusion pumps for continuous epidural analgesia<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Raj|first1=Phulchand|title=Experience with volumetric infusion pumps for continuous epidural analgesia|journal=Reg Anesth|date=1979|volume=4|pages=3–5}}</ref>
# 2002 Career Excellence in Pain Medicine: [[North_American_Neuromodulation_Society|American Neuromodulation Society]]
# 2000 Outstanding achievements in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine: [https://www.ttuhsc.edu/som/anesthesiology/ TTUHSC Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management]
# 2000 Carl Koller Award: European Society of Regional Anesthesia (ESRA)
# 1995 Distinguished Academician: [[Academy_of_Medicine,_Singapore|Academy of Medicine of Singapore]]


⚫
== References ==
Dr Raj was certified by multiple organizations:
⚫
{{Reflist}}
# 1966 Fellow – American College of Anesthesiologists (FACA)
# 1967 Fellow in the Faculty of Anesthetists of The Royal College of Surgeons of England FFARCS (England)
# 1971 Diplomate American Board of Anesthesiology (DABA)
# 1972 Diplomate American Board of Pain Medicine (DABP)
# 1993 Added Qualification in Pain Management (ABA)
# 1994 Fellow of Interventional Pain Practice [[World_Institute_of_Pain|FIPP]]
# 2003 Recertification of added qualification in Pain Management (ABA)
# 2005 Diplomate of American Board of Interventional Pain Physicians [http://www.abipp.org ABIPP]


{{Authority control}}
== Published works ==
During a 5-year career in Dallas, Raj researched many areas ranging from acute epiglottitis,<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Raj|first1=Phulchand|title=Acute epiglottis in children. A respiratory emergency.|journal=Br J Anaesth|date=1969|volume=41|pages=619–627}}</ref> respiratory function test, enzymatic drug metabolism,<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Raj|first1=Phulchand|title=Oxidation drug metabolism in human liver microsomes|journal=J Pharmacol Exp Ther|date=1971|volume=178|pages=580–588}}</ref> fiberoptic laryngoscopy,<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Raj|first1=Phulchand|title=Techniques for fiberoptic laryngoscope in anesthesia|journal=Anesth Analg|date=1974|volume=53|pages=708–714}}</ref> intravenous regional anesthesia,<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Raj|first1=Phulchand|title=The site of action of intravenous regiional anesthesia.|journal=Anesth Analg|date=1972|volume=51|pages=776–786}}</ref> use of peripheral nerve stimulators,<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Raj|first1=Phulchand|title=The use of the nerve stimulator with standard unsheathed needles in nerve blockage.|journal=Anesth Analg|date=1973|volume=52|pages=827–831}}</ref> infraclavicular block technique,<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Raj|first1=Phulchand|title=Infraclavicular brachial plexus - a new approach.|journal=Anesth Analg|date=1973|volume=52|pages=897–904}}</ref> supine approach to sciatic-femoral nerve blocks,<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Raj|first1=Phulchand|title=A new single-position supine approach to sciatic-femoral nerve block.|journal=Anesth Analg|date=1975|volume=54|pages=489–493}}</ref> and the pharmacokinetics of repeated bolus versus infusion techniques for prolonged regional anesthesia.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Raj|first1=Phulchand|title=Physiology and pharmacokinetics of continuous infusions.|journal=Pain Digest|date=1997|volume=7|pages=51–61}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Raj|first1=Phulchand|title=Experience with volumetric infusion pumps for continuous epdural analgesia|journal=Reg Anesth|date=1979|volume=4|pages=3–5}}</ref>

⚫
== References ==
⚫
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Raj, Phulchand Prithvi}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Raj, Phulchand Prithvi}}
[[Category:American physicians]]
[[Category:American anesthesiologists]]
[[Category:1931 births]]
[[Category:1931 births]]
[[Category:2016 deaths]]
[[Category:2016 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian emigrants to the United States]]
[[Category:Indian emigrants to the United States]]
[[Category:American pain physicians]]

Latest revision as of 06:09, 24 August 2024

Phulchand Prithvi Raj
Born(1931-09-13)September 13, 1931
Bagri Sajjanpur, Princely state of Jaipur of British India now (Rajasthan, India)
DiedFebruary 27, 2016(2016-02-27) (aged 84)
NationalityIndian American
CitizenshipUS
Education
SpouseSusan Martin Raj (1963-2016)
Children3
Medical career
Profession
  • professor
  • anesthesiologist
  • interventional pain management physician
Field
  • anesthesiology
  • interventional pain management
Institutions
Researchinterventional pain management
Awards
  • 1990 The Gaston Labat Award, ASRA
  • 1995 Nils Lofgren Award - Astra Pharmaceuticals For Outstanding Contributions to the Field of Regional Anesthesia
  • 1995 Distinguished Academician - Academy of Medicine, Singapore
  • 2000 Carl Koller Award – ESRA
  • 2003 Lifetime Achievement Award - Foundations of Interventional Pain Management, San Diego, California
  • 2005 Distinguished Service Award - ASRA, Toronto, Canada

Phulchand Prithvi Raj (September 13, 1931 – February 27, 2016) was an Indian American physician and anesthesiologist specializing in interventional pain management. His name is synonymous with regional anesthesia and interventional pain management including development of multiple training programs, training of thousands of individual physicians, numerous publications, and organization of interventional pain management as a distinct specialty.[1] Some felt his passing created a void in interventional pain management across the globe.[2][3] Some of his major contributions during his career involved the development and implementation of regional anesthesia and interventional pain management.

Personal background

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Phulchand Prithvi Raj Borundia was born September 13, 1931, in Bagri Sajjanpur, a small village approximately 100 miles west of Jaipur, Jaipur State, princely state of British India from 1128 to 1948, now the state of Rajasthan, India. His parents were Badani Bai (mother) and Phool Chandji Borundia (father).

During the pursuit of orthopedic surgery training, he met and married his Susan Martin, who was training as a nurse, in Darlington in 1963. She also became his working partner professionally. They had 3 children together named Mark, Maya, and Sarah. He had 7 grandchildren named Saijal, Cameron, Devi, Christopher, Brevin, Colin, and Enzo. After retirement in 2003, he and his wife lived in Cincinnati, Ohio.[4]

Education

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P. Prithvi Raj completed high school at St. Joseph's Boys' High School, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Raj graduated from Mysore Medical College. He did his residency in orthopedics.

Dr. Raj entered a rotating internship in orthopedics at St. Mary’s Hospital, Waterbury, Connecticut. He started his residency in anesthesia in 1963 at Parkland Memorial Hospital in Dallas, Texas.[5] He completed his third year of residency in Norway.[6]

Professional background

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Raj was on the faculty at a number of universities in England, Norway, and throughout the United States. He was also one of the founders of the American Society of Regional Anesthesia (ASRA),[7] the Texas Pain Society,[8] and World Institute of Pain,[9] along with fellowship examination in interventional pain management offered across the globe.[10] He also founded or cofounded multiple journals including Pain Practice and Pain Digest[11] He was a prolific writer and historian.[1]

Dr Raj started as a house officer in 1958 in Ashton-under-Lyne, Manchester, and became registrar in 1962. After achieving his residency in orthopedics, Raj decided to take his career to the United States. Raj entered a rotating internship at St. Mary’s Hospital, Waterbury, Connecticut.

Dr. Raj started his anesthesiology residency under chairman, Dr. Pepper Jenkins, in 1963 at Parkland Memorial Hospital in Dallas, Texas.[5] He completed his third year of residency in Norway.[6]

Dr. Raj was not only innovative and pioneering in scientific aspects, but also in promoting the specialty of regional anesthesia and interventional pain management. He was one of the 5 founders of ASRA in 1975.[12] The history of the refounding of the ASRA, now known as the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine (ASRA-PM), dates back to late 1973 when 5 dreamers met, now called the founding fathers of the ASRA, to form a society devoted to teach regional anesthesia. These 5 pioneers of regional anesthesia were Alon Winnie, Donald Bridenbaugh, Harold Carron, Prithvi Raj, and Jordan Katz.[13]

Selected works

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During a 5-year career in Dallas, Raj has researched many areas and is published in many forms. Among them are:

  • Acute epiglottis in children: a respiratory emergency[14]
  • Oxidation drug metabolism in human liver microsomes[15]
  • Techniques for fiberoptic laryngoscope in anesthesia[16]
  • The site of action of intravenous regional anesthesia[17]
  • The use of the nerve stimulator with standard unsheathed needles in nerve blockage[18]
  • Infraclavicular brachial plexus - a new approach[19]
  • A new single-position supine approach to sciatic-femoral nerve block[20]
  • Physiology and pharmacokinetics of continuous infusions[21]
  • Experience with volumetric infusion pumps for continuous epidural analgesia[22]

References

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  1. ^ a b Manchikanti, Laxmaiah (May 2016). "In Memoriam of an Eminent Pain Physician: Phulchand Prithvi Raj". Pain Physician. 19 (4): E515-30. doi:10.36076/ppj/2019.19.E515. PMID 27228519. Retrieved 10 June 2016.
  2. ^ Hartrick, CT; Raj, P. Prithivi (2016). "FIPP". Pain Pract. 16 (4): 403–404. doi:10.1111/papr.12447. PMID 27040895. S2CID 206247045.
  3. ^ Nair, L.; Giesecke, A.; Raj, P. Prithvi (2010). "FFARCS: Regional anesthesia pioneer". Bulletin of Anesthesia History. 28 (1): 7–11. doi:10.1016/S1522-8649(10)50003-9. PMID 22849201.
  4. ^ Manchikanti, Laxmaiah (2016). "In Memoriam of an Eminent Pain Physician: Phulchand Prithvi Raj". Pain Physician. 19 (4): E527. PMID 27228519.
  5. ^ a b Nair, L; Giesecke, A; Raj, P. Prithvi (2010). "FFARCS: Regional anesthesia pioneer". Bulletin of Anesthesia History. 28 (1): 7–11. doi:10.1016/S1522-8649(10)50003-9. PMID 22849201.
  6. ^ a b Interview of Dr. Raj conducted by Alon P. Winnie, MD, Chicago, May 2003
  7. ^ "Founding Fathers". American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine. Retrieved July 12, 2016.
  8. ^ Raj, PP; Hill, CS; Racz, G; Heavner, J; Grabois, M; Neill, J; Willis, W; Schade, CM; Rashbaum, R; Calodney, A; Burton, AW; Somerville, J (2012). "The story of the Texas Pain Society: Formation and function of a regional pain society". Pain Pract. 12 (1): 57–65. doi:10.1111/j.1533-2500.2011.00472.x. PMID 21615858. S2CID 205715061.
  9. ^ "WIP Fact Sheet" (PDF). World Institute of Pain. Retrieved July 12, 2016.
  10. ^ Ptaszynski, AE; Horlocker, TT; Bacon, DR; Rowlingson, JC; Winnie, Alon; Carron, Harold; Raj, Pulchand; Bridenbaugh, Donald; Katz, Jordan (2006). "Founding fathers of the American Society of Regional Anesthesia". Reg Anesth Pain Med. 31: 71–78. doi:10.1097/00115550-200601000-00013.
  11. ^ "Phulchand Prithvi Raj, M.D., DABPM, FIPP" (PDF). Kenes. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 12, 2016. Retrieved July 12, 2016.
  12. ^ Ptaszynski, AE; Horlocker, TT; Bacon, DR; Rowlingson, JC; Winnie, Alon P.; Bridenbaugh, L. Donald; Raj, P. Prithvi; Katz, Jordan (2006). "Founding fathers of the American Society of Regional Anesthesia". Reg Anesth Pain Med. 31: 71–78.
  13. ^ Manchikanti, Laxmaiah (2016). "In Memoriam of an Eminent Pain Physician: Phulchand Prithvi Raj". Pain Physician. 19 (May/June): E521. PMID 27228519. Retrieved 12 July 2016.
  14. ^ Raj, Phulchand (1969). "Acute epiglottis in children. A respiratory emergency". Br J Anaesth. 41 (7): 619–627. doi:10.1093/bja/41.7.619. PMID 5798842.
  15. ^ Raj, Phulchand (1971). "Oxidation drug metabolism in human liver microsomes". J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 178 (3): 580–588. PMID 4398379.
  16. ^ Raj, Phulchand (1974). "Techniques for fiberoptic laryngoscope in anesthesia". Anesth Analg. 53 (5): 708–714. doi:10.1213/00000539-197409000-00016. PMID 4472341. S2CID 44471964.
  17. ^ Raj, Phulchand (1972). "The site of action of intravenous regional anesthesia". Anesth Analg. 51 (5): 776–786. doi:10.1213/00000539-197209000-00029. PMID 4672172. S2CID 29981870.
  18. ^ Raj, Phulchand (1973). "The use of the nerve stimulator with standard unsheathed needles in nerve blockage". Anesth Analg. 52 (5): 827–831. doi:10.1213/00000539-197309000-00036. PMID 4738206. S2CID 21364165.
  19. ^ Raj, Phulchand (1973). "Infraclavicular brachial plexus - a new approach". Anesth Analg. 52: 897–904. doi:10.1213/00000539-197311000-00007. S2CID 28585912.
  20. ^ Raj, Phulchand (1975). "A new single-position supine approach to sciatic-femoral nerve block". Anesth Analg. 54 (4): 489–493. doi:10.1213/00000539-197507000-00020. PMID 1170786. S2CID 13463030.
  21. ^ Raj, Phulchand (1997). "Physiology and pharmacokinetics of continuous infusions". Pain Digest. 7: 51–61.
  22. ^ Raj, Phulchand (1979). "Experience with volumetric infusion pumps for continuous epidural analgesia". Reg Anesth. 4: 3–5.
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