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{{short description|20th-century Catholic bishop}}
{{Infobox Bishop
{{more citations needed|date=January 2013}}
| infobox_width = 100px
{{Infobox Christian leader
| honorific-prefix =
| honorific-prefix = His Excellency
| name = Anton Vovk
| name = Anton Vovk
| honorific-suffix =
| honorific-suffix =
| bishop_of = [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Ljubljana|Ljubljana]]
| bishop_of = [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Ljubljana|Archbishop of Ljubljana]]
| image = Anton Vovk.jpg
| image = Anton Vovk.jpg
| caption =
| caption =
| province =
| province =
| diocese = [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Ljubljana|Ljubljana]]
| diocese = [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Ljubljana|Ljubljana]]
| see =
| see =
| enthroned = 26 November 1959|
| enthroned = 26 November 1959|
| ended = 6 July 1963|
| ended = 7 July 1963|
| predecessor = [[Gregorij Rožman]]
| predecessor = [[Gregorij Rožman]]
| successor = [[Jože Pogacnik]]
| successor = [[Jože Pogacnik]]
| ordination = 29 June 1923
| ordination = 29 June 1923
| consecration = 1 December 1946
| consecration = 1 December 1946
Line 19: Line 20:
| birth_name =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1900|05|19}}|
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1900|05|19}}|
| birth_place = [[Breznica]], [[Austria-Hungary]]
| birth_place = [[Vrba, Žirovnica|Vrba]], [[Austria-Hungary]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1963|07|06|1900|05|19}}|
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1963|07|07|1900|05|19}}|
| death_place = [[Ljubljana, Slovenia]] (former [[Yugoslavia]])
| death_place = [[Ljubljana, Slovenia]] (former [[Yugoslavia]])
| buried = [[Ljubljana, Slovenia]]}}
| buried = [[Ljubljana, Slovenia]]}}
The [[Archbishop]] '''Anton Vovk''' (19 May 1900 – 7 July 1963) was born in the village of [[Vrba, Slovenia|Vrba]] in [[Upper Carniola]] in the [[Prešeren House|same house]] where the poet [[France Prešeren]] had been born 100 years earlier (Vovk was Prešeren's grand-nephew because his grandmother [[Marija Vovk|Marija “Mina” Volk]] was Prešeren's sister).


==Biography==
[[Archbishop]] '''Anton Vovk''' (19 May 1900–6 July 1963) was born in the village of [[Vrba, Slovenia|Vrba]] in [[Upper Carniola]] in the same house where the poet [[France Prešeren]] had been born 100 years earlier (Vovk was Prešeren’s grand-nephew because his grandmother [[Marija Vovk|Marija “Mina” Volk]] was Prešeren’s sister). Vovk’s father Jožef Vovk and mother Marija née Debelak died when he was young. He attended two years of primary school in [[Breznica]] and then in [[Kranj]], where he also attended upper secondary school. In 1917 he enrolled in the seminary at the episcopal school in [[Šentvid, Ljubljana]] and later in the Ljubljana seminary. He was ordained a priest on 29 June 1923. He served in [[Metlika]] and [[Tržič]], where he also became the parish priest in 1928. In 1940 he was appointed an episcopal advisor and Ljubljana canon. During the Axis occupation of Slovenia in the Second World War he assisted refugee priests. In 1944 he became the rector of the seminary.
Vovk's father Jožef Vovk and mother Marija née Debelak died when he was young. He attended two years of primary school in [[Breznica, Žirovnica|Breznica]] and then in [[Kranj]], where he also attended upper secondary school. In 1917 he enrolled in the seminary at the episcopal school in [[Šentvid, Ljubljana]] and later in the Ljubljana seminary. He was ordained a priest on 29 June 1923. He served in [[Metlika]] and [[Tržič]], where he also became the parish priest in 1928. In 1940 he was appointed an episcopal advisor and Ljubljana canon. During the Axis partition and annexation of Slovenia in the Second World War he assisted refugee priests. In 1944 he became the rector of the seminary.


As general vicar, in June 1945 he assumed the leadership of the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Ljubljana|Diocese of Ljubljana]] after [[Gregorij Rožman]] fled Yugoslavia. He was installed as bishop on 1 December 1946 and named auxiliary bishop of Ljubljana. In 1950 he was named [[apostolic administrator]] of the Diocese of Ljubljana with the rights of bishop in residence. From 1951 to 1961 he also administered the Slovenian part of [[Rijeka]] and from 1951 to 1955 the Slovenian part of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Trieste|Diocese of Trieste-Koper]]. After the death of [[Gregorij Rožman]] in [[Cleveland]] in 1959, Vovk was ordained bishop of Ljubljana. [[Pope John XXIII]] raised the Diocese of Ljubljana to an archbishopric on 22 December 1961, simultaneously elevating Vovk to the position of archbishop of Ljubljana.
As general vicar, in June 1945 he assumed the leadership of the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Ljubljana|Diocese of Ljubljana]] after [[Gregorij Rožman]] fled Yugoslavia. He was installed as bishop on 1 December 1946 and named auxiliary bishop of Ljubljana. In 1950 he was named [[apostolic administrator]] of the Diocese of Ljubljana with the rights of a bishop in residence. From 1951 to 1961 he also administered the Slovene part of [[Rijeka]] and from 1951 to 1955 the Slovene part of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Trieste|Diocese of Trieste-Koper]]. After the death of [[Gregorij Rožman]] in [[Cleveland]] in 1959, Vovk was ordained bishop of Ljubljana. [[Pope John XXIII]] raised the Diocese of Ljubljana to an archbishopric on 22 December 1961, simultaneously elevating Vovk to the position of archbishop of Ljubljana.


The communist regime persecuted Vovk mentally (through nighttime interrogations) and physically, although he had not cooperated with the Axis occupying forces during the war and had promoted Slovenian identity. Vovk steadfastly sought to have the communist authorities recognize the constitutionally defined position of the Church and to abandon their persecution and accusations against it. Under the influence of such propaganda, on 20 January 1952 Vovk was doused with gasoline and set alight by [[State Security Administration|secret police]] agents at the train station in [[Novo Mesto]], where he had traveled to perform [[confirmation]]. Although he did not die from his injuries, he suffered from them for the remainder of his life. On 13 May 1999 an episcopal decision was made to begin the process for his beatification, whereby Vovk acquired the epithet [[Servant of God]].
The communist regime persecuted Vovk mentally (through nighttime interrogations) and physically, although he had not cooperated with the Axis forces during the war and had promoted Slovene identity. Vovk steadfastly sought to have the communist authorities recognize the constitutionally defined position of the Church and to abandon their persecution and accusations against it. Under the influence of such propaganda, on 20 January 1952 Vovk was doused with gasoline and set alight by [[State Security Administration|secret police]] agents at the [[Bršljin]] train station<ref name="Ceglar">Ceglar, Ludovik. 1993. ''Nadškof Vovk in njegov čas 1900-1963.'' Klagenfurt: Mohorjeva, p. 250.</ref> in [[Novo Mesto]], where he had traveled in order to bless the renovated organ in the nearby Parish of [[Stopiče]].<ref name="Vzroki">[http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-AJBZCLQ3/bcb3cb95-00c1-4f67-85f1-fd709fd9e2a1/PDF "Vzroki in posledice cerkvene politike." 1952. ''Dolenjski list'' 3(8) (22 February): 3.] {{in lang|sl}}</ref><ref name="Otrin">[http://anton-vovk.rkc.si/u//Vovk_EN.pdf Otrin, Blaž, & Anton Štrukelj. 2008. ''Archbishop Anton Vovk: The Servant of God.'' Ljubljana: Družina.]</ref>{{rp|13}} At the time, the Slovene press in Yugoslavia and abroad denied that Vovk had been burned at all<ref>[http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-8UQ8K31B/7c384fe4-802f-435b-aea0-531fcd8352d5/PDF "Resnica o napadu na škofa Vovka." 1952. ''Savinjski vestnik'' 5(5) (2 February): 2.] {{in lang|sl}}</ref><ref>[http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-GHNSH37E/fc85bccc-fcb1-4241-a7a8-8d8f784dfd92/PDF "Vatikan z borbo proti Titovi Jugoslaviji ne misli odnehati." 1952 . ''Proletarec: list za interese delavskega ljudstva'' 47(2245) (6 February): 2.] {{in lang|sl}}</ref> or stated that he had suffered only minor injuries.<ref name="Vzroki"/> In fact, his burning clothing, especially his [[celluloid]] [[clerical collar]], caused serious burns to his neck and face.<ref name="Ceglar"/><ref name="Otrin"/>{{rp|14}} Although he did not die from his injuries, he suffered from them for the remainder of his life.<ref>John Corsellis, Marcus Ferrar. ''Slovenia 1945: memories of death and survival after World War II''. I.B.Tauris, 2005. (p. 196)</ref> On 13 May 1999 an episcopal decision was made to begin the process for his beatification, whereby Vovk acquired the epithet [[Servant of God]].

==References==
{{reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
*{{commons category-inline|Anton Vovk}}
*[http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bvovk.html Catholic-Hierarchy biodata]
*[http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bvovk.html Catholic-Hierarchy biodata]


{{Slovene saints}}
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
{{Žirovnica |state=collapsed}}
| NAME =Vovk, Anton
{{Authority control}}
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =

| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH =19 May 1900
| PLACE OF BIRTH =[[Breznica]], [[Austria-Hungary]]
| DATE OF DEATH =6 July 1963
| PLACE OF DEATH =[[Ljubljana, Slovenia]] (former [[Yugoslavia]])
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Vovk, Anton}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Vovk, Anton}}
[[Category:1900 births]]
[[Category:1900 births]]
[[Category:1963 deaths]]
[[Category:1963 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Roman Catholic archbishops]]
[[Category:People from the Municipality of Žirovnica]]
[[Category:People from Ljubljana]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic archbishops of Ljubljana]]
[[Category:Slovenian Roman Catholic archbishops]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic archbishops in Yugoslavia]]
[[Category:Slovenian theologians]]
[[Category:Slovenian theologians]]
[[Category:Slovenian Servants of God]]

[[de:Anton Vovk]]
[[sl:Anton Vovk]]

Latest revision as of 05:03, 26 August 2024

His Excellency

Anton Vovk
Archbishop of Ljubljana
DioceseLjubljana
Installed26 November 1959
Term ended7 July 1963
PredecessorGregorij Rožman
SuccessorJože Pogacnik
Orders
Ordination29 June 1923
Consecration1 December 1946
Personal details
Born(1900-05-19)19 May 1900
Vrba, Austria-Hungary
Died7 July 1963(1963-07-07) (aged 63)
Ljubljana, Slovenia (former Yugoslavia)
BuriedLjubljana, Slovenia

The Archbishop Anton Vovk (19 May 1900 – 7 July 1963) was born in the village of Vrba in Upper Carniola in the same house where the poet France Prešeren had been born 100 years earlier (Vovk was Prešeren's grand-nephew because his grandmother Marija “Mina” Volk was Prešeren's sister).

Biography

[edit]

Vovk's father Jožef Vovk and mother Marija née Debelak died when he was young. He attended two years of primary school in Breznica and then in Kranj, where he also attended upper secondary school. In 1917 he enrolled in the seminary at the episcopal school in Šentvid, Ljubljana and later in the Ljubljana seminary. He was ordained a priest on 29 June 1923. He served in Metlika and Tržič, where he also became the parish priest in 1928. In 1940 he was appointed an episcopal advisor and Ljubljana canon. During the Axis partition and annexation of Slovenia in the Second World War he assisted refugee priests. In 1944 he became the rector of the seminary.

As general vicar, in June 1945 he assumed the leadership of the Diocese of Ljubljana after Gregorij Rožman fled Yugoslavia. He was installed as bishop on 1 December 1946 and named auxiliary bishop of Ljubljana. In 1950 he was named apostolic administrator of the Diocese of Ljubljana with the rights of a bishop in residence. From 1951 to 1961 he also administered the Slovene part of Rijeka and from 1951 to 1955 the Slovene part of the Diocese of Trieste-Koper. After the death of Gregorij Rožman in Cleveland in 1959, Vovk was ordained bishop of Ljubljana. Pope John XXIII raised the Diocese of Ljubljana to an archbishopric on 22 December 1961, simultaneously elevating Vovk to the position of archbishop of Ljubljana.

The communist regime persecuted Vovk mentally (through nighttime interrogations) and physically, although he had not cooperated with the Axis forces during the war and had promoted Slovene identity. Vovk steadfastly sought to have the communist authorities recognize the constitutionally defined position of the Church and to abandon their persecution and accusations against it. Under the influence of such propaganda, on 20 January 1952 Vovk was doused with gasoline and set alight by secret police agents at the Bršljin train station[1] in Novo Mesto, where he had traveled in order to bless the renovated organ in the nearby Parish of Stopiče.[2][3]: 13  At the time, the Slovene press in Yugoslavia and abroad denied that Vovk had been burned at all[4][5] or stated that he had suffered only minor injuries.[2] In fact, his burning clothing, especially his celluloid clerical collar, caused serious burns to his neck and face.[1][3]: 14  Although he did not die from his injuries, he suffered from them for the remainder of his life.[6] On 13 May 1999 an episcopal decision was made to begin the process for his beatification, whereby Vovk acquired the epithet Servant of God.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Ceglar, Ludovik. 1993. Nadškof Vovk in njegov čas 1900-1963. Klagenfurt: Mohorjeva, p. 250.
  2. ^ a b "Vzroki in posledice cerkvene politike." 1952. Dolenjski list 3(8) (22 February): 3. (in Slovene)
  3. ^ a b Otrin, Blaž, & Anton Štrukelj. 2008. Archbishop Anton Vovk: The Servant of God. Ljubljana: Družina.
  4. ^ "Resnica o napadu na škofa Vovka." 1952. Savinjski vestnik 5(5) (2 February): 2. (in Slovene)
  5. ^ "Vatikan z borbo proti Titovi Jugoslaviji ne misli odnehati." 1952 . Proletarec: list za interese delavskega ljudstva 47(2245) (6 February): 2. (in Slovene)
  6. ^ John Corsellis, Marcus Ferrar. Slovenia 1945: memories of death and survival after World War II. I.B.Tauris, 2005. (p. 196)
[edit]
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