Kneaded eraser: Difference between revisions

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A kneaded eraser, also commonly known as a putty rubber, is a pliable erasing tool used by artists. It is usually made of a grey or white unvulcanized rubber (though it can be found in many different colors, such as green, blue, hot pink, yellow, and so forth) resembling putty or chewing gum. It functions by absorbing and "picking up" graphite and charcoal particles, in addition to carbon, colored pencil, or pastel marks.^[1] It neither wears nor leaves residue ("eraser crumbs"), however collect graphite and dust more easily. They can either be washed or thrown away (typically meaning they last for shorter periods of time than the average eraser).

Kneaded erasers have great plasticity and can be stretched, compressed, split, and molded for precision erasing, pruning lines, cleaning edges, creating highlights through subtractive drawing, or performing other detail work. They can completely remove light marks, but are ill-suited to fully erasing dark areas. They may also smear or stick if too warm. When stretched, some parts of it may detach and fall without remaining attached to either side of the eraser.

Besides their precision, kneaded erasers are preferred by artists for their long life and ease of cleaning. One simply kneads the eraser and the medium will fade into its mass. Although kneaded erasers do not wear away like other erasers, they can become saturated and unable to absorb any more graphite or charcoal. In this case, the eraser will leave marks on the paper instead of removing them. The saturating material can be removed by rinsing and kneading.

References

^ Wolf, Rachel Rubin (1991). Basic Drawing Techniques. North Light Books. ISBN 978-0-89134-388-2.^{[permanent dead link‍]}

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[Wolf1991-1] Wolf, Rachel Rubin (1991). Basic Drawing Techniques. North Light Books. ISBN 978-0-89134-388-2.^{[permanent dead link‍]}

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+{{Short description|Type of eraser}}
-{{More citations needed|date=January 2022}}
 {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}}
-[[file:Kneaded eraser.jpg|thumb|Two kneaded erasers. A newer eraser is on the left, and an older eraser on the right. The older eraser is darker due to the [[graphite]] and [[charcoal]] dust that has become incorporated into the eraser]]
-A '''kneaded eraser''', also commonly known as a '''putty rubber''', is a pliable [[Eraser|erasing tool]] used by artists. It is usually made of a grey or white [[Vulcanization|unvulcanized rubber]] (though it can be found in many different colors, such as [[green]], [[blue]], [[Shades of pink#Hot pink|hot pink]], [[yellow]], and so forth) resembling [[putty]] or chewing gum. It functions by [[Absorption (chemistry)|absorbing]] and "picking up" [[graphite]] and [[charcoal]] particles, in addition to carbon, colored pencil, or pastel marks.<ref name=Wolf1991>{{cite book|last=Wolf|first=Rachel Rubin|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EOvvytlSLU8C|title=Basic Drawing Techniques|publisher=North Light Books|date=1991|isbn=978-0-89134-388-2}}{{Dead link|date=May 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> It neither wears nor leaves residue ("eraser crumbs"), thereby lasting much longer than other erasers.
+A '''kneaded eraser''', also commonly known as a '''putty rubber''', is a pliable [[Eraser|erasing tool]] used by artists. It is usually made of a grey or white [[Vulcanization|unvulcanized rubber]] (though it can be found in many different colors, such as [[green]], [[blue]], [[Shades of pink#Hot pink|hot pink]], [[yellow]], and so forth) resembling [[putty]] or chewing gum. It functions by [[Absorption (chemistry)|absorbing]] and "picking up" [[graphite]] and [[charcoal]] particles, in addition to carbon, colored pencil, or pastel marks.<ref name=Wolf1991>{{cite book|last=Wolf|first=Rachel Rubin|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EOvvytlSLU8C|title=Basic Drawing Techniques|publisher=North Light Books|date=1991|isbn=978-0-89134-388-2}}{{Dead link|date=May 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> It neither wears nor leaves residue ("eraser crumbs"), however collect graphite and dust more easily. They can either be washed or thrown away (typically meaning they last for shorter periods of time than the average eraser).
 [[file:Kneaded eraser.JPG|left|thumb|Kneaded eraser is used to remove thin details]]
-Kneaded erasers have great [[plasticity]] and can be stretched, compressed, split, and molded for precision erasing, pruning [[Line art|lines]], cleaning edges, creating highlights through [[subtractive drawing]], or performing other detail work. They can completely remove light marks, but are ill-suited to fully erasing dark areas. They may also smear or stick if too warm.
+Kneaded erasers have great [[Plasticity (physics)|plasticity]] and can be stretched, compressed, split, and molded for precision erasing, pruning [[Line art|lines]], cleaning edges, creating highlights through [[subtractive drawing]], or performing other detail work. They can completely remove light marks, but are ill-suited to fully erasing dark areas. They may also smear or stick if too warm. When stretched, some parts of it may detach and fall without remaining attached to either side of the eraser.
 Besides their precision, kneaded erasers are preferred by artists for their long life and ease of cleaning. One simply kneads the eraser and the medium will fade into its mass. Although kneaded erasers do not wear away like other erasers, they can become saturated and unable to absorb any more graphite or charcoal. In this case, the eraser will leave marks on the paper instead of removing them. The saturating material can be removed by rinsing and [[kneading]].
-They can also be useful as a material for impromptu sculptures
-, similar to [[plasticine]], for sketching or [[fun]].
-==Made of==
-Kneaded erasers are usually made from sticky eraser crumbs. This material can be found when normal [[erasers]] erases on the sticky surfaces such as [[sticky notes]] and [[sellotape]].
-==Ways of cleaning them==
-Kneaded erasers can be cleaned by:
-•Kneading them until the dirts and debris is removed.
-•Washing them with water and tear them to remove all dirts and debris.
 ==References==