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Coordinates: 41°04′55″N 29°00′57″E / 41.08181°N 29.01584°E / 41.08181; 29.01584
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{{Short description|Business district of Istanbul}}
{{distinguish|text=the [[Levant]] in the [[Levantine Sea|Eastern Mediterranean]]}}
{{distinguish|text=the [[Levant]] in the [[Levantine Sea|Eastern Mediterranean]]}}
{{for|people with the name|Levent (name)}}
{{for|people with the name|Levent (name)}}

{{pp-sock|small=yes}}
{{pp-sock|small=yes}}
{{Infobox Turkey place
⚫
[[File:Modern Istanbul skyline.jpg|thumb|A distant view of Levent's skyline from the [[Bosphorus]] strait in Istanbul.]]
| type = neighbourhood
| province = Istanbul
| district = Beşiktaş
| name = Levent
| population_total = 2911
| population_as_of = 2022
⚫
| coordinates = {{coord|41.08181|29.01584|type:city|display=it}}
| image_skyline = Modern Istanbul skyline.jpg
⚫
| image_caption = A distant view of Levent's skyline from the [[Bosphorus]] strait in Istanbul
}}
[[File:Ido2.JPG|thumb|A catamaran [[İDO|Seabus]] on the [[Bosphorus]], with the skyline of Levent in the background. [[Istanbul Sapphire]] is the first tower at left.]]
[[File:Ido2.JPG|thumb|A catamaran [[İDO|Seabus]] on the [[Bosphorus]], with the skyline of Levent in the background. [[Istanbul Sapphire]] is the first tower at left.]]


'''Levent''' is a neighbourhood and one of the main [[business district]]s of [[Istanbul]], [[Turkey]], located on the [[Europe]]an side of the city. It is a part of the municipality of [[Beşiktaş]] and is situated to the north of the [[Golden Horn]], at the western shore of the [[Bosphorus]] [[strait]].
'''Levent''' is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of [[Beşiktaş]], [[Istanbul Province]], [[Turkey]].<ref>[https://www.e-icisleri.gov.tr/Anasayfa/MulkiIdariBolumleri.aspx Mahalle], Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 12 July 2023.</ref> Its population is 2,911 (2022).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2022, Favorite Reports|url=https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=95&locale=en |access-date=12 July 2023|publisher=[[TÜİK]]|language=en|format=XLS}}</ref> It is one of the main [[business district]]s of [[Istanbul]] located on the [[Europe]]an side of the city. It is situated to the north of the [[Golden Horn]], at the western shore of the [[Bosphorus]] [[strait]].


Levent, together with nearby [[Maslak]], is one of the main business districts on the European side of the city, where numerous [[skyscraper]] projects are currently under construction or in the planning phase. One of the modern skyline clusters of the city is located here, hidden behind the hills of the [[Bosphorus]] and not disturbing the atmosphere of the [[Constantinople|historical peninsula]] of Istanbul, which is at quite a distance.
Levent, together with nearby [[Maslak]], is one of the main business districts on the European side of the city, where numerous [[skyscraper]] projects are currently under construction or in the planning phase. One of the modern skyline clusters of the city is located here, hidden behind the hills of the [[Bosphorus]] and not disturbing the atmosphere of the [[Constantinople|historical peninsula]] of Istanbul, which is at quite a distance.


The tallest skyscraper in Levent<ref>[http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/zo/?id=100015 Emporis: Levent] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070314100018/http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/zo/?id=100015 |date=2007-03-14 }}</ref> is the 54-floor [[Istanbul Sapphire]],<ref name=Sapphire>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070429155334/http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=kilertower-istanbul-turkey Emporis: Sapphire]</ref> which has a roof height of 238 metres (261 metres including its spire).<ref name=Sapphire/> It was Istanbul's and Turkey's tallest skyscraper between 2010 and 2016 — as of 2023, it is the 5th tallest skyscraper in Istanbul and Turkey, behind the {{convert|352|m|ftin|abbr=on}} tall [[Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey|Turkish Central Bank]] Tower<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.limak.com.tr/sectors/construction/projects/domestic/central-bank-turkey|title=Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey Campus Phase I-II|website=limak.com.tr|access-date=15 May 2023}}</ref><ref name="ifm-aa">{{cite web|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/economy/istanbul-finance-center-opens-with-inauguration-of-banking-section/2874556|title=Istanbul Finance Center opens with inauguration of banking section|author=Tuba Ongun|publisher=[[Anadolu Agency]]|date=17 April 2023}}</ref><ref name="ifc-bloomberg-image">{{cite web|url=https://assets.bwbx.io/images/users/iqjWHBFdfxIU/iNU2UmulMILU/v0/-1x-1.jpg|title=Image of the Istanbul Financial Center|website=bloomberg.com|date=10 May 2023}}</ref><ref name="ifm-1">{{cite web|url=https://ifm.gov.tr/properties|title=Istanbul Financial Center: Properties|website=ifm.gov.tr|access-date=13 May 2023}}</ref><ref name="ifm-2">{{cite web|url=https://ifm.gov.tr/dist/media/img/properties/index/main_bg.png|title=Image of the Istanbul Financial Center|website=ifm.gov.tr|access-date=13 May 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.emlakkonut.com.tr/_Assets/Upload/ProjectMiddle/dji0890-jpg18042023105120.jpg|title=Image of the Istanbul Financial Center during construction|website=emlakkonut.com.tr|date=27 March 2023}}</ref> in the [[Ataşehir]] district on the Asian side of the city; [[Metropol Istanbul Tower|Metropol Istanbul Tower A]] (70 floors / 301 metres including its twin spires)<ref name="GAP_Insaat">{{cite web|url=https://www.gapinsaat.com/en/superstructure/metropol-istanbul.html|title=Metropol İstanbul|website=gapinsaat.com|access-date=16 May 2023}}</ref><ref name="aremas">{{cite web|url=https://aremas.net/assets/img/ProjectHeader/metropol%20eren.png|title=Image of Metropol Istanbul Towers|website=aremas.net|access-date=22 November 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://i.hizliresim.com/4M6Y4A.jpg|title=Image of Metropol Istanbul Towers}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://i.imgur.com/Zk7d3Re.jpg|title=Image of Metropol Istanbul Towers and the Ataşehir district|access-date=28 November 2020}}</ref> also in the Ataşehir district; and [[Skyland İstanbul|Skyland Istanbul Towers 1 and 2]] (2 x 70 floors / 293 metres),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.skylandistanbul.com/|title=Skyland Istanbul}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://i.hizliresim.com/DPpoQy.jpg|title=Image of Skyland Istanbul Towers}}</ref> located adjacent to [[Nef Stadium]] in the Seyrantepe quarter of the [[Sarıyer]] district, on the European side.
The tallest skyscraper in Levent<ref>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20070314100018/http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/zo/?id=100015 Emporis: Levent]}}</ref> is the 54-floor [[Istanbul Sapphire]],<ref name=Sapphire>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20070429155334/http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=kilertower-istanbul-turkey Emporis: Sapphire]}}</ref> which has a roof height of 238 metres (261 metres including its spire).<ref name=Sapphire/> It was Istanbul's and Turkey's tallest skyscraper between 2010 and 2016 — as of 2020, it is the 4th tallest skyscraper in Istanbul and Turkey, behind ''Metropol Istanbul Tower 1''<ref name="emporis">{{cite web|url=https://www.emporis.com/buildings/1204211/the-metropol-tower-istanbul-turkey|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180314175822/https://www.emporis.com/buildings/1204211/the-metropol-tower-istanbul-turkey|url-status=usurped|archive-date=March 14, 2018|title=The Metropol Tower, Istanbul|website=[[Emporis]]|access-date=22 November 2020}}</ref><ref name="aremas">{{cite web|url=https://aremas.net/assets/img/ProjectHeader/metropol%20eren.png|title=Image of Metropol Istanbul Towers|website=aremas.net|access-date=22 November 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://i.hizliresim.com/4M6Y4A.jpg|title=Image of Metropol Istanbul Towers}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://i.imgur.com/Zk7d3Re.jpg|title=Image of Metropol Istanbul Towers and the Ataşehir district|access-date=28 November 2020}}</ref> (70 floors / 301 metres including its twin spires) in the [[Ataşehir]] district on the Asian side of the city; and ''Skyland Istanbul Towers 1 and 2''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.skylandistanbul.com/|title=Skyland Istanbul}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://i.hizliresim.com/DPpoQy.jpg|title=Image of Skyland Istanbul Towers}}</ref> (2 x 70 floors / 293 metres), located adjacent to [[Türk Telekom Stadium]] in the Seyrantepe quarter of the [[Sarıyer]] district, on the European side.


The stations [[Levent (Istanbul Metro)|Levent]] and [[4. Levent (Istanbul Metro)|4. Levent]] along the [[M2 (Istanbul Metro)|M2]] line of the [[Istanbul Metro]] serve the Levent business district and its surrounding neighbourhoods.
The stations [[Levent (Istanbul Metro)|Levent]] and [[4. Levent (Istanbul Metro)|4. Levent]] along the [[M2 (Istanbul Metro)|M2]] line of the [[Istanbul Metro]] serve the Levent business district and its surrounding neighbourhoods.
Line 26: Line 34:
[[File:Bosphorus_Bridge-1.jpg|left|thumb|Heading towards Levent through the [[Bosphorus Bridge]] (1973), the oldest of three suspension bridges and two tunnels which connect Istanbul's Asian and European sides.]]
[[File:Bosphorus_Bridge-1.jpg|left|thumb|Heading towards Levent through the [[Bosphorus Bridge]] (1973), the oldest of three suspension bridges and two tunnels which connect Istanbul's Asian and European sides.]]


In the early 19th century, during the final years of the reign of Sultan [[Selim III]], the first military compound of the [[Nizam-ı Cedid|Nizam-ı Cedid (New Order) Army]] was built in Levent, which was then known as the ''Levend Çiftliği'' (Levend Farmlands), eventually becoming known as the ''Levend Kışlası'' (Levend Barracks).
In the early 19th century, during the final years of the reign of Sultan [[Selim III]], the first military compound of the [[Nizam-ı Cedid|Nizam-ı Cedid (New Order) Army]] was built in Levent; which was then known as the ''Levend(Levent) Çiftliği'' (Levend Farmlands), eventually becoming known as the ''Levend(Levent) Kışlası'' (Levend Barracks).


In 1868, during the first territorial organization of the Istanbul Municipality, Levend (the pronunciation of which was modified as ''Levent'' following the [[Turkish language reform]]) was placed within the district of [[Beşiktaş]] (which was designated as the ''7th Area'' of the Istanbul Municipality), having remained within this district ever since.
In 1868, during the first territorial organization of the Istanbul Municipality, Levend (Levent) was placed within the district of [[Beşiktaş]] (which was designated as the ''7th Area'' of the Istanbul Municipality), having remained within this district ever since.


The modern neighbourhood of Levent was formed in 1947, when Emlak Kredi Bankası (a Turkish bank which was established to finance housing projects) chose the Levent area for constructing a well-planned residential compound, formed mostly of [[villa]] type houses with gardens. After the completion of the first phase of the Levent project in 1960, numerous other residential compounds were constructed in the area, eventually extending towards nearby [[Etiler]].
The modern neighbourhood of Levent was formed in 1947, when Emlak Kredi Bankası (a Turkish bank which was established to finance housing projects) chose the Levent area for constructing a well-planned residential compound, formed mostly of [[villa]] type houses with gardens. After the completion of the first phase of the Levent project in 1960, numerous other residential compounds were constructed in the area, eventually extending towards nearby [[Etiler]].


Starting from the late 1980s and early 1990s, with initial projects such as the [[Sabancı Center]], [[Yapı ve Kredi Bankası|Yapı Kredi Towers]], TAT Towers, [[MetroCity AVM|Metrocity Towers]] and [[Isbank Tower 1|İş Bankası Towers]], Levent became a popular location for constructing new [[skyscraper]]s, mostly owned by Turkish [[bank]]s and [[conglomerate (company)|conglomerates]]. One of the city's major [[skyline]] clusters (together with those of [[Maslak]] and [[Şişli]] on the European side; and [[Ataşehir]] and [[Kozyatağı]] on the Asian side of Istanbul) is located in Levent. At present, Levent hosts the tallest skyscraper of Istanbul and Turkey, the 54-floor [[Istanbul Sapphire]]; while the construction of numerous new [[mixed-use development|mixed-use skyscraper projects]] and [[shopping mall]]s are ongoing in the neighbourhood, which has evolved into a [[central business district]].
Starting from the late 1980s and early 1990s, with initial projects such as the [[Sabancı Center]], [[Yapı ve Kredi Bankası|Yapı Kredi Towers]], TAT Towers, [[MetroCity AVM|Metrocity Towers]] and [[Isbank Tower 1|İş Bankası Towers]], Levent became a popular location for constructing new [[skyscraper]]s, mostly owned by Turkish [[bank]]s and [[conglomerate (company)|conglomerates]]. One of the city's major [[skyline]] clusters (together with those of [[Maslak]] and [[Şişli]] on the European side; and [[Ataşehir]] and [[Kozyatağı]] on the Asian side of Istanbul) is located in Levent. At present, Levent hosts the tallest skyscraper of Istanbul and Turkey, the 54-floor [[Istanbul Sapphire]]; while the construction of numerous new [[mixed-use development|mixed-use skyscraper projects]] and [[shopping mall]]s are ongoing in the neighbourhood, which has evolved into a [[central business district]].

⚫
{{wide image|Istanbul Skyline Beşiktaş Şişli.JPG|1000px|align-cap=center|A panoramic view of [[Dolmabahçe Palace]] and the skyline of Levent from the [[Bosphorus]]}}


== Image gallery ==
== Image gallery ==
Line 42: Line 48:
File:QNB Finansbank Kristal Kule.jpg|[[Finansbank]] Tower and [[Istanbul Sapphire]] on [[Büyükdere Avenue]]
File:QNB Finansbank Kristal Kule.jpg|[[Finansbank]] Tower and [[Istanbul Sapphire]] on [[Büyükdere Avenue]]
File:QNB Finansbank Kristal Kule 2.jpg|[[Finansbank]] Tower on [[Büyükdere Avenue]]
File:QNB Finansbank Kristal Kule 2.jpg|[[Finansbank]] Tower on [[Büyükdere Avenue]]
⚫
File:EAA_Zorlu_Center.jpg|[[Zorlu Center]] on [[Büyükdere Avenue]]
File:Zorlu Center - Istanbul, Turkey, Apple Store 06.jpg|Glass roof of [[Apple Store]] at [[Zorlu Center]]
⚫
File:Kanyon Shopping Mall, Istanbul (3 July 2007).jpg|[[Kanyon Shopping Mall|Kanyon Mall]] on [[Büyükdere Avenue]]
File:Levent Financial Center.jpg|A view of Levent business district
File:Levent Financial Center - Istanbul.jpg|A view of Levent business district
File:Levent Financial District.jpg|A view of Levent business district
File:Sapphire Building 2652.jpg|[[Sabancı Center]], [[Türkiye İş Bankası|İşbank]] and [[Finansbank]] towers viewed from the roof of [[Istanbul Sapphire]]
File:Sapphire Building 2652.jpg|[[Sabancı Center]], [[Türkiye İş Bankası|İşbank]] and [[Finansbank]] towers viewed from the roof of [[Istanbul Sapphire]]
⚫
File:Kanyon Shopping Mall, Istanbul (3 July 2007).jpg|[[Kanyon Shopping Mall|Kanyon Mall]] on [[Büyükdere Avenue]]
⚫
File:EAA_Zorlu_Center.jpg|[[Zorlu Center]] on [[Büyükdere Avenue]]
File:Zorlu center01.jpg|[[Zorlu Center]] on [[Büyükdere Avenue]]
File:Istanbul_Levent_skyline.jpg|View of Levent from [[Kanlıca]] Hekimler Sitesi across the [[Bosporus]]
File:Istanbul_Levent_skyline.jpg|View of Levent from [[Kanlıca]] Hekimler Sitesi across the [[Bosporus]]
</gallery>
</gallery>

==Panoramic View==

⚫
{{wide image|Istanbul Skyline Beşiktaş Şişli.JPG|1000px|align-cap=center|A panoramic view of [[Dolmabahçe Palace]] and the skyline of Levent from the [[Bosphorus]]}}


== See also ==
== See also ==
Line 65: Line 72:
==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category}}
{{Commons category}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070314100018/http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/zo/?id=100015 Emporis: Skyscrapers of Levent financial district]
* {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20070314100018/http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/zo/?id=100015 Emporis: Skyscrapers of Levent financial district]}}


{{Beşiktaş, Istanbul}}
{{Beşiktaş, Istanbul}}
{{Şişli}}
{{European neighborhoods of İstanbul by the Bosporus}}
{{European neighborhoods of İstanbul by the Bosporus}}
⚫
{{coord|41.08181|29.01584|type:city|display=title}}


[[Category:Neighbourhoods of Beşiktaş]]
[[Category:Neighbourhoods of Beşiktaş]]

Latest revision as of 16:46, 26 August 2024

Not to be confused with the Levant in the Eastern Mediterranean.
For people with the name, see Levent (name).

Levent
Neighbourhood
A distant view of Levent's skyline from the Bosphorus strait in Istanbul
A distant view of Levent's skyline from the Bosphorus strait in Istanbul
Levent is located in Turkey
Levent
Levent
Location in Turkey
Levent is located in Istanbul
Levent
Levent
Levent (Istanbul)
Coordinates: 41°04′55″N 29°00′57″E / 41.08181°N 29.01584°E / 41.08181; 29.01584
CountryTurkey
ProvinceIstanbul
DistrictBeşiktaş
Population
 (2022)
2,911
Time zoneUTC+3 (TRT)
A catamaran Seabus on the Bosphorus, with the skyline of Levent in the background. Istanbul Sapphire is the first tower at left.

Levent is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Beşiktaş, Istanbul Province, Turkey.[1] Its population is 2,911 (2022).[2] It is one of the main business districts of Istanbul located on the European side of the city. It is situated to the north of the Golden Horn, at the western shore of the Bosphorus strait.

Levent, together with nearby Maslak, is one of the main business districts on the European side of the city, where numerous skyscraper projects are currently under construction or in the planning phase. One of the modern skyline clusters of the city is located here, hidden behind the hills of the Bosphorus and not disturbing the atmosphere of the historical peninsula of Istanbul, which is at quite a distance.

The tallest skyscraper in Levent[3] is the 54-floor Istanbul Sapphire,[4] which has a roof height of 238 metres (261 metres including its spire).[4] It was Istanbul's and Turkey's tallest skyscraper between 2010 and 2016 — as of 2020, it is the 4th tallest skyscraper in Istanbul and Turkey, behind Metropol Istanbul Tower 1[5][6][7][8] (70 floors / 301 metres including its twin spires) in the Ataşehir district on the Asian side of the city; and Skyland Istanbul Towers 1 and 2[9][10] (2 x 70 floors / 293 metres), located adjacent to Türk Telekom Stadium in the Seyrantepe quarter of the Sarıyer district, on the European side.

The stations Levent and 4. Levent along the M2 line of the Istanbul Metro serve the Levent business district and its surrounding neighbourhoods.

Etymology

View of Büyükdere Avenue in Levent at night, from the observation deck of Istanbul Sapphire.

Levent is also a name for men in Turkey (cf. Levent) that derives from the Levend, a type of soldier (naval infantry) of the Ottoman Navy.[11] Levend itself has derived from Levantino (Levantine) which means Person from the Levant (East Mediterranean) in Italian.[11][12] This was how the Italians (the Genoese and Venetians) used to call the Ottoman sailors, a name which was also adopted by the Ottoman Turks.[11][12][13] The use of the word levend for describing seamen first appeared in the Ottoman Turkish language during the 16th century.[13] These marine soldiers had the reputation of possessing strong, muscular physiques and daring, fearless characters; which is the reason why the Turkish word levent, its Greek cognate levénti (λεβέντη) and its Bulgarian cognate levént (левент) are still popularly used for defining "athletic, gallant, brave" men.[12]

The name Levent (Levend) came to be applied to the neighbourhood because in 1780 the Ottoman Fleet Admiral Cezayirli Gazi Hasan Pasha was awarded a farmland here by the Ottoman Sultan Abdülhamid I; and in the early 19th century a military compound was built in the area of this farm.[14] The nearby İstinye neighbourhood on the European shoreline of the Bosphorus also featured an important shipyard and dock for maintaining and repairing the military vessels of the Ottoman Navy. However, the Imperial Arsenal (Tersâne-i Âmire) and the Naval Ministry (Bahriye Nezareti) of the Ottoman Navy were located on the shores of the Golden Horn.

History

Kanyon Towers & Mall on Büyükdere Avenue in Levent.
Heading towards Levent through the Bosphorus Bridge (1973), the oldest of three suspension bridges and two tunnels which connect Istanbul's Asian and European sides.

In the early 19th century, during the final years of the reign of Sultan Selim III, the first military compound of the Nizam-ı Cedid (New Order) Army was built in Levent; which was then known as the Levend(Levent) Çiftliği (Levend Farmlands), eventually becoming known as the Levend(Levent) Kışlası (Levend Barracks).

In 1868, during the first territorial organization of the Istanbul Municipality, Levend (Levent) was placed within the district of Beşiktaş (which was designated as the 7th Area of the Istanbul Municipality), having remained within this district ever since.

The modern neighbourhood of Levent was formed in 1947, when Emlak Kredi Bankası (a Turkish bank which was established to finance housing projects) chose the Levent area for constructing a well-planned residential compound, formed mostly of villa type houses with gardens. After the completion of the first phase of the Levent project in 1960, numerous other residential compounds were constructed in the area, eventually extending towards nearby Etiler.

Starting from the late 1980s and early 1990s, with initial projects such as the Sabancı Center, Yapı Kredi Towers, TAT Towers, Metrocity Towers and İş Bankası Towers, Levent became a popular location for constructing new skyscrapers, mostly owned by Turkish banks and conglomerates. One of the city's major skyline clusters (together with those of Maslak and Şişli on the European side; and Ataşehir and Kozyatağı on the Asian side of Istanbul) is located in Levent. At present, Levent hosts the tallest skyscraper of Istanbul and Turkey, the 54-floor Istanbul Sapphire; while the construction of numerous new mixed-use skyscraper projects and shopping malls are ongoing in the neighbourhood, which has evolved into a central business district.

Panoramic View

A panoramic view of Dolmabahçe Palace and the skyline of Levent from the Bosphorus

See also

References and notes

  1. ^ Mahalle, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  2. ^ "Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2022, Favorite Reports" (XLS). TÜİK. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  3. ^ Emporis: Levent[usurped]
  4. ^ a b Emporis: Sapphire[usurped]
  5. ^ "The Metropol Tower, Istanbul". Emporis. Archived from the original on March 14, 2018. Retrieved 22 November 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  6. ^ "Image of Metropol Istanbul Towers". aremas.net. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
  7. ^ "Image of Metropol Istanbul Towers".
  8. ^ "Image of Metropol Istanbul Towers and the Ataşehir district". Retrieved 28 November 2020.
  9. ^ "Skyland Istanbul".
  10. ^ "Image of Skyland Istanbul Towers".
  11. ^ a b c Kıyafet-i Asakir-i Bahriyye: Costumes and ranks of the Ottoman Navy
  12. ^ a b c Dictionary of American Family Names, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-508137-4.
  13. ^ a b Sevan Nişanyan. Sözlerin Soyağacı: Çağdaş Türkçenin Etimolojik Sözlüğü. URL: http://www.nisanyansozluk.com/search.asp?w=levent[permanent dead link‍] Retrieved 30 October 2009.
  14. ^ Haldun Hürel. Semtleri, Mahalleri, Caddeleri ve Sokakları A'dan Z'ye İstanbul'un Alfabetik Öyküsü. İkarus, 2008. ISBN 978-975-999-290-3. Page 220.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Levent.
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