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| imagesize =
| imagesize =
| image_alt =
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Norman castle of Bovino
| image_caption = Romanic castle of Bovino with Norman Tower
| image_shield = Bovino-Stemma.png
| image_shield = Bovino-Stemma.png
| shield_alt =
| shield_alt =
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| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| coordinates = {{coord|41|15|N|15|21|E|display=inline}}
| latd = 41 |latm = 15 |lats = |latNS = N
| longd = 15 |longm = 21 |longs = |longEW = E
| coordinates_type =
| coordinates_display = title
| coordinates_footnotes =
| coordinates_footnotes =
| region = [[Puglia]]
| region = [[Apulia]]
| province = [[Province of Foggia|Foggia]] (FG)
| province = [[Province of Foggia|Foggia]] (FG)
| frazioni = Ponte Bovino, Radogna
| frazioni = Ponte Bovino, Radogna
| mayor_party =
| mayor_party =
| mayor = Michele Antonio Zannella
| mayor = Michele Dedda
| area_footnotes =
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 84
| area_total_km2 = 84
| population_footnotes = <ref name="istat">All demographics and other statistics from the Italian statistical institute ([[National Institute of Statistics (Italy)|Istat]])</ref>
| population_footnotes = <ref name="istat">All demographics and other statistics from the Italian statistical institute ([[National Institute of Statistics (Italy)|Istat]])</ref>
| population_total = 3991
| population_total = 3385
| population_as_of = 2001
| population_as_of = 31 December 2014
| pop_density_footnotes =
| pop_density_footnotes =
| population_demonym = Bovinesi
| population_demonym = Bovinesi
| elevation_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.comuni-italiani.it/071/007/clima.html|title=Bovino|website=Comuni Italiani|language=Italian}}</ref>
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 647
| elevation_m = 620
| twin1 =
| twin1 =
| twin1_country =
| twin1_country =
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| postal_code = 71023
| postal_code = 71023
| area_code = 0881
| area_code = 0881
| website = {{official website|http://www.comunebovino.it/}}
| website = {{official website|https://web.archive.org/web/20060629025936/http://www.comunebovino.it:80/}}
| footnotes =
| footnotes =
}}
}}
'''Bovino''' is a ''[[comune]]'' and hilltop town at the foot of the Irpinia mountains in the province of Foggia, in the region of Apulia/Puglia.
'''Bovino''' is a ''[[comune]]'' and hill town at the eastern side of the [[Apennines]] in the [[province of Foggia]], [[Apulia]], southern Italy.


Located within the woody [[Daunian Mountains]] as a terrace over the [[Tavoliere delle Puglie|Tavoliere plains]], Bovino is one of [[I Borghi più belli d'Italia]] ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").<ref>{{cite web|url=https://borghipiubelliditalia.it/puglia/|title=Puglia|access-date=1 August 2023|language=it}}</ref>
Bovino is currently a member of the Italy's Most Beautiful Villages Club.


== History ==
== History ==


Bovino has more than two thousand years of history, and in 323 BC, participated in the Samnite wars, fighting against the Romans. The Romans then rebuild Bovino and call it "Vibinum". In 663, after being conquered by Lombards, Bovino was destroyed during the war with the Byzantines. In 876, the walls around Bovino were rebuilt, under the Byzantine Emperor Basil I (having been recaptured by the Byzantines), and the streets were laid out in their characteristic narrow design. In the 11th century, when the Normans arrived in Italy, Bovino was one of the final remaining Byzantine strongholds. In 1656, [[bubonic plague]] killed the majority of the local population, and only 1,200 people survived. Today, Bovino remains a tranquil and peaceful little town.
Bovino has more than two thousand years of history, and in 323 BC, participated in the [[Samnite Wars]], fighting against the [[ancient Rome|Romans]]. The Romans subsequently rebuilt the town, calling it '''Vibinum'''. During the [[Second Carthaginian War]], it is likely that [[Hannibal]] camped on Monte Castro during his march to Rome.


In 663, after being conquered by the Lombards, Bovino was destroyed during the war with the [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantines]]. In 876, after the Byzantine reconquest, the walls around Bovino were rebuilt by Emperor [[Basil I]], and the streets were laid out in their characteristic narrow design. In the 11th century, during the [[Italo-Normans|Norman]] conquest of southern Italy, Bovino was one of the last remaining Byzantine strongholds. In 1656, [[bubonic plague]] killed the majority of the local population, and only 1,200 people survived.
Bovino was the seat of the [[diocese of Bovino]] from the fifth century until 1986.
==Main sights==
⚫
The largest single edifice is the [[Norman architecture|Norman]] castle. It occupies a commanding view of the village. The courtyard is permanently open.


⚫
The ''villa communale'' is a municipal park with ponds and fountains, housing an extensive arboretum lined with [[Aesculus hippocastanum|horse chestnut]] trees.
⚫
With a deeply [[Roman Catholic]] community, Bovino has several ancient churches. The oldest is St. Peter's (Italian ''San Pietro''), which was built on the site of a temple to [[Hercules]]. The gothic (rare for the south of Italy) Church of the [[Rosary]] (Italian ''Chiesa del Rosario'') has an elongated brick campanile. The Cathedral is dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary. Its interior varies in style according to age. The most ancient section is the chapel of San Marco in Ercana, housing the relics of this local patron saint.


⚫
There are several panorama viewpoints. Most are next to remains of the original Roman wall. Several streets in the historic centre are still stepped and paved with cobbles. Other ancient sights include the [[Roman aqueduct]].
⚫
Of particular interest is Bovino's claim to a Marian apparition in the twelfth century. [[Pope John Paul II]] has had a particular connection with this. As Archbishop of [[Kraków]], he visited Bovino in 1965 together with eleven other Polish bishops. He then laid the foundation stone of what was to become the ''Santuario di Santa Maria di Valleverde''. Situated part way up hill from the main SS90 trunk road to Bovino, the ''Santuario'' has become a popular pilgrimage site in the [[Puglia]] region. [[Karol Józef Wojtyła]] returned as [[Pope John Paul II]] in the 1980s in order to officially ratify the apparitions and open the church.
⚫
Bovino is the seat of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Bovino]]. Bovino is home to several ancient churches. The oldest is St. Peter's (Italian ''San Pietro''), which was built on the site of an ancient temple dedicated to [[Hercules]]. The [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]]-style Church of the [[Rosary]] (Italian ''Chiesa del Rosario'') has an elongated brick campanile. The Cathedral is dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary. Its interior varies in style according to the construction period. The most ancient section is the chapel of San Marco in Ercana, housing the relics of this local patron saint. The church of San Pietro contains a painting of the crucifixion of [[St. Peter]] by the Master of Bovino of the [[Caravaggio]] school.


⚫
As archbishop of [[Kraków]], the future [[Pope John Paul II]] visited Bovino in 1965 together with eleven other Polish bishops. He then laid the foundation stone of what was to become the ''Santuario di Santa Maria di Valleverde'', dedicated to an alleged appearance of the Virgin Mary. Situated part way up hill from the main SS90 trunk road to Bovino, the ''Santuario'' has become a popular pilgrimage site. Wojtyła returned as Pope in the 1980s in order to officially ratify the Marian apparition and open the church.
⚫
Whilst Bovino has several big festivals, the largest is the "Feast of August 29th". Dating back to the time of the ruling Guevara family, Bovino has a ''fiera'' on that day. This is a legal recognition of Bovino's importance as a market town. In addition to visits by a large number of vendors, there is usually a holy procession featuring the statue of the Madonna of Valleverde. The day is also marked by an historic [[parade|cavalcade]], particularly popular with the local community, given its agrarian economy.

==Events==
⚫
Bovino is home to several festivals, the largest being the "Feast of August 29th". Dating back to the time of the ruling feudal Guevara family, Bovino has a fair on that day. In addition to visits by a large number of vendors, there is usually a holy procession featuring the statue of the Madonna of Valleverde. The day is also marked by an historic [[parade|cavalcade]].


== Economy ==
== Economy ==
Bovino's economy is principally agrarian. Main crops are olive oil, sunflower oil, wine and tomatoes. Family small holdings have increasingly given way to co-operatives, allowing farmers to gain access to larger markets. Grape vines are generally of the [[sangiovese]] variety. Bovino grows winter tomatoes in large greenhouses. Tomatoes are of the [[plum tomato]] variety. Bovino also has its own varieties of Puglia cheeses, including [[mozzarella]], [[caciocavallo]], [[ricotta]] and [[provolone]]. The main industrial area of Bovino is Bovino Scalo, situated {{convert|8|km|0|abbr=off}} downhill by the River [[Cervaro]]. This zone marks a boundary for the Tavoliere d'Italia, a large fertile plain famous for producing high quality durum wheat for pasta. Nearby [[Foggia]] claims several of the world's most famous pasta manufacturers, including Barilla and Buitoni.
Bovino's economy is principally agrarian. Main crops are olive oil, sunflower oil, wine and tomatoes. Family small holdings have increasingly given way to [[co-operatives]], allowing farmers to gain access to larger markets. Grape vines are generally of the [[sangiovese]] variety. Bovino grows winter tomatoes in large greenhouses. Tomatoes are of the [[plum tomato]] variety. Bovino also has its own varieties of Puglia cheeses, including [[mozzarella]], [[caciocavallo]], [[ricotta]] and [[provolone]]. The main industrial area of Bovino is Bovino Scalo, situated {{convert|8|km|0|abbr=off}} downhill by the River [[Cervaro]]. This zone marks a boundary for the Tavoliere d'Italia, a large fertile plain famous for producing high quality durum wheat for pasta. Nearby [[Foggia]] claims several of the world's most famous pasta manufacturers, including [[Barilla Group|Barilla]] and [[Buitoni]].

Of increasing importance is tourism. As a member of the Italy's Most Beautiful Villages Club, Bovino is widely recognised for its natural beauty and archeological treasures. There are excellent restaurants which specialise in local food. However there are few places for visitors to stay, with no hotel within the village itself.
Of increasing importance is [[tourism]]. As a member of the society of "[[I Borghi più belli d'Italia|Italy's most beautiful villages]]", Bovino is recognised for its natural environment and archeological heritage.{{fact|date=February 2019}} There are restaurants which specialise in local food. A handful of hotels are available for tourists.
⚫
[[Fiat]] has become an important local employer since the construction of the [[Fiat Punto|Punto]] model began at [[Melfi]]. There is a regular bus service to the factory for employees.


⚫
[[Fiat-Chrysler Autmobiles|FCA]] (former [[Fiat Automobiles|FIAT]]) has become an important local employer since the construction of the [[Fiat Punto|Punto]] model began at [[Melfi]]. There is a bus service to the factory for employees.
== Attractions ==
⚫
The largest single edifice is the [[Norman architecture|Norman]] castle. It occupies a commanding view of the village. The courtyard is permanently open. The interior is currently undergoing restoration and is scheduled to become part of the museum. It contains many interesting treasures, the most intriguing of which is a claimed thorn from Jesus Christ's crown.
The church of San Pietro contains a painting of the crucifixion of [[St. Peter]] by the Master of Bovino of the [[Caravaggio]] school.
⚫
The ''villa communale'' is a municipal park beloved of the locals. With ponds and fountains, it has an extensive arboretum lined with [[Aesculus hippocastanum|horse chestnut]] trees.
⚫
There are several panorama viewpoints. Most are next to remains of the original Roman wall.
The [[Roman aqueduct]] is a reminder of the ancient past. It is likely that [[Hannibal]] camped on Monte Castro during his march to Rome.
Bovino is well known for its attractive arches and palaces, most of which are still in use. Several streets in the historic centre are still stepped and paved with cobbles.


==References==
==References==
Line 75: Line 74:


== External links ==
== External links ==
* http://www.lastampa.it/2015/04/06/multimedia/societa/i-borghi-ditalia-KctJmvzMMXrFQTpxmF6WuJ/pagina.html
* http://www.prolocobovino.it/
* http://www.prolocobovino.it/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722045146/http://www.prolocobovino.it/ |date=2011-07-22 }}
* http://www.bovinonline.it/
* http://www.orchideedibovino.it/
* https://web.archive.org/web/20080323101252/http://www.bovinonline.it/
* http://www.orchideedibovino.it/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110112232447/http://www.orchideedibovino.it/ |date=2011-01-12 }}
* http://www.museum.com/jb/museum?id=12547
* http://www.museum.com/jb/museum?id=12547 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210909152246/http://www.museum.com/jb/museum?id=12547 |date=2021-09-09 }}
* http://www.borghitalia.it/html/borgo_en.php?codice_borgo=348&codice=elenco&page=1
* http://www.borghitalia.it/html/borgo_en.php?codice_borgo=348&codice=elenco&page=1 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101120004853/http://borghitalia.it/html/borgo_en.php?codice_borgo=348&codice=elenco&page=1 |date=2010-11-20 }}


{{clear}}
{{Province of Foggia}}
{{Province of Foggia}}


{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Cities and towns in Apulia]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Apulia]]
[[Category:Borghi più belli d'Italia]]

Latest revision as of 06:02, 27 August 2024

Bovino
Comune
Comune di Bovino
Romanic castle of Bovino with Norman Tower
Romanic castle of Bovino with Norman Tower
Location of Bovino
Map
Bovino is located in Italy
Bovino
Bovino
Location of Bovino in Italy
Bovino is located in Apulia
Bovino
Bovino
Bovino (Apulia)
Coordinates: 41°15′N 15°21′E / 41.250°N 15.350°E / 41.250; 15.350
CountryItaly
RegionApulia
ProvinceFoggia (FG)
FrazioniPonte Bovino, Radogna
Government
 • MayorMichele Dedda
Area
[1]
 • Total
84 km2 (32 sq mi)
Elevation
[2]
620 m (2,030 ft)
Population
 (31 December 2014)[3]
 • Total
3,385
 • Density40/km2 (100/sq mi)
DemonymBovinesi
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
71023
Dialing code0881
Patron saintMaria SS. of Valleverde
Saint dayAugust 29
WebsiteOfficial website

Bovino is a comune and hill town at the eastern side of the Apennines in the province of Foggia, Apulia, southern Italy.

Located within the woody Daunian Mountains as a terrace over the Tavoliere plains, Bovino is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").[4]

History

[edit]

Bovino has more than two thousand years of history, and in 323 BC, participated in the Samnite Wars, fighting against the Romans. The Romans subsequently rebuilt the town, calling it Vibinum. During the Second Carthaginian War, it is likely that Hannibal camped on Monte Castro during his march to Rome.

In 663, after being conquered by the Lombards, Bovino was destroyed during the war with the Byzantines. In 876, after the Byzantine reconquest, the walls around Bovino were rebuilt by Emperor Basil I, and the streets were laid out in their characteristic narrow design. In the 11th century, during the Norman conquest of southern Italy, Bovino was one of the last remaining Byzantine strongholds. In 1656, bubonic plague killed the majority of the local population, and only 1,200 people survived.

Main sights

[edit]

The largest single edifice is the Norman castle. It occupies a commanding view of the village. The courtyard is permanently open.

The villa communale is a municipal park with ponds and fountains, housing an extensive arboretum lined with horse chestnut trees.

There are several panorama viewpoints. Most are next to remains of the original Roman wall. Several streets in the historic centre are still stepped and paved with cobbles. Other ancient sights include the Roman aqueduct.

Bovino is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Bovino. Bovino is home to several ancient churches. The oldest is St. Peter's (Italian San Pietro), which was built on the site of an ancient temple dedicated to Hercules. The Gothic-style Church of the Rosary (Italian Chiesa del Rosario) has an elongated brick campanile. The Cathedral is dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary. Its interior varies in style according to the construction period. The most ancient section is the chapel of San Marco in Ercana, housing the relics of this local patron saint. The church of San Pietro contains a painting of the crucifixion of St. Peter by the Master of Bovino of the Caravaggio school.

As archbishop of Kraków, the future Pope John Paul II visited Bovino in 1965 together with eleven other Polish bishops. He then laid the foundation stone of what was to become the Santuario di Santa Maria di Valleverde, dedicated to an alleged appearance of the Virgin Mary. Situated part way up hill from the main SS90 trunk road to Bovino, the Santuario has become a popular pilgrimage site. Wojtyła returned as Pope in the 1980s in order to officially ratify the Marian apparition and open the church.

Events

[edit]

Bovino is home to several festivals, the largest being the "Feast of August 29th". Dating back to the time of the ruling feudal Guevara family, Bovino has a fair on that day. In addition to visits by a large number of vendors, there is usually a holy procession featuring the statue of the Madonna of Valleverde. The day is also marked by an historic cavalcade.

Economy

[edit]

Bovino's economy is principally agrarian. Main crops are olive oil, sunflower oil, wine and tomatoes. Family small holdings have increasingly given way to co-operatives, allowing farmers to gain access to larger markets. Grape vines are generally of the sangiovese variety. Bovino grows winter tomatoes in large greenhouses. Tomatoes are of the plum tomato variety. Bovino also has its own varieties of Puglia cheeses, including mozzarella, caciocavallo, ricotta and provolone. The main industrial area of Bovino is Bovino Scalo, situated 8 kilometres (5 miles) downhill by the River Cervaro. This zone marks a boundary for the Tavoliere d'Italia, a large fertile plain famous for producing high quality durum wheat for pasta. Nearby Foggia claims several of the world's most famous pasta manufacturers, including Barilla and Buitoni.

Of increasing importance is tourism. As a member of the society of "Italy's most beautiful villages", Bovino is recognised for its natural environment and archeological heritage.[citation needed] There are restaurants which specialise in local food. A handful of hotels are available for tourists.

FCA (former FIAT) has become an important local employer since the construction of the Punto model began at Melfi. There is a bus service to the factory for employees.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
  2. ^ "Bovino". Comuni Italiani (in Italian).
  3. ^ All demographics and other statistics from the Italian statistical institute (Istat)
  4. ^ "Puglia" (in Italian). Retrieved 1 August 2023.
[edit]
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