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{{Short description|Category 1 Pacific hurricane in 2005}}
{{About|the hurricane of 2005|other storms of the same name|Hurricane Adrian (disambiguation)}}
{{For|other storms of the same name|List of storms named Adrian}}
{{Infobox Hurricane
{{Infobox weather event
| name=Hurricane Adrian
| name = Hurricane Adrian
| Basin=EPac
⚫
| image = Hurricane Adrian May 19 915.jpg
| Year=2005
| caption = Adrian near peak intensity on May 19
| Category=cat1
⚫
| formed = May 17, 2005
| Type=hurricane
| dissipated = May 21, 2005
⚫
| Image location=Hurricane Adrian May 19 915.jpg
}}{{Infobox weather event/NWS
| Image name=Hurricane Adrian on May 19, 2005 at 17:15 UTC.
⚫
| winds = 70
⚫
| Formed= {{start-date|May 17, 2005}}
| pressure = 982
| Dissipated= {{end-date|May 21, 2005}}
}}{{Infobox weather event/Effects
⚫
| 1-min winds=70
| fatalities = 5
| Pressure=982
| damage = 12000000
| Damages=12
⚫
| areas = [[Guatemala]], [[El Salvador]], [[Nicaragua]], [[Honduras]]
| Inflated=1
}}{{Infobox weather event/Footer
| Fatalities=7 total
⚫
| season = [[2005 Pacific hurricane season]]
⚫
| Areas=[[Guatemala]], [[El Salvador]], [[Nicaragua]], [[Honduras]]
⚫
| Hurricane season=[[2005 Pacific hurricane season]]
}}
}}


'''Hurricane Adrian''' was an early season hurricane which took an unusual southwest to northeast track, bringing it closer to [[El Salvador]] than any other [[tropical cyclone|hurricane]] since reliable records began in [[1949 Pacific hurricane season|1949]]. The first storm of the [[2005 Pacific hurricane season]], Adrian developed on May 17, just two days after the official start of the season, several hundred miles south-southeast of Mexico. Tracking in an atypical northwestward direction, the storm gradually intensified. On May 19, the storm reached its peak strength as a minimal hurricane with winds of 80 mph (130 km/h). Not long after reaching this intensity, the storm abruptly weakened. By the morning of May 20, the system had weakened to a minimal tropical storm and turned due west. Later that day, the storm made [[Landfall (meteorology)|landfall]] along the [[Gulf of Fonseca]] in [[Honduras]] before dissipating several hours later.
'''Hurricane Adrian''' was an early season hurricane which took an unusual southwest to northeast track, bringing it closer to [[El Salvador]] than any other [[tropical cyclone|hurricane]] since reliable records began in [[1949 Pacific hurricane season|1949]]. The first storm of the [[2005 Pacific hurricane season]], Adrian developed on May 17, just two days after the official start of the season, several hundred miles south-southeast of Mexico. Tracking in an atypical northwestward direction, the storm gradually intensified. On May 19, the storm reached its peak strength as a minimal hurricane with winds of 80 mph (130 km/h). Not long after reaching this intensity, the storm abruptly weakened. By the morning of May 20, the system had weakened to a minimal tropical storm and turned due west. Later that day, the storm made [[landfall]] along the [[Gulf of Fonseca]] in [[Honduras]] before dissipating several hours later.


==Meteorological history==
==Meteorological history==
{{storm path|Adrian 2005 track.png}}
{{storm path|Adrian 2005 track.png}}
Hurricane Adrian originated from a [[tropical wave]] that moved off the western coast of [[Africa]], near the [[Cape Verde Islands]] in early May 2005. Between May&nbsp;10 and 14, several areas of disturbed weather moved across [[Central America]], contributing to the development of a broad [[Low pressure area|area of low pressure]] about 520&nbsp;mi (835&nbsp;km) south-southeast of [[Acapulco]], [[Mexico]]. On May&nbsp;15, another tropical wave interacted with the low, resulting in the consolidation of the system. The following day, the developing low was nearly stationary as [[Atmospheric convection|convection]] increased.<ref name="TCR">{{Cite web|author=Richard D. Knabb|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=November 24, 2005|accessdate=June 22, 2010|title=Hurricane Adrian Tropical Cyclone Report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TCR-EP012005_Adrian.pdf|format=[[PDF]]}}</ref> Around 11:00&nbsp;am [[Pacific time zone|PDT]] (1800&nbsp;[[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]) on May&nbsp;17, the [[National Hurricane Center]] (NHC) estimated that the system developed into a tropical depression, the first of the [[2005 Pacific hurricane season]]. Upon forming, the depression was situated just south of [[10th parallel north|10°N]], making it the 40th known [[tropical cyclone]] to do so since 1949.<ref name="TCR"/><ref>Tropical cyclone records in the Eastern Pacific are available as far back as 1949.</ref> Unlike most storms in the eastern Pacific, Tropical Depression One-E tracked towards the northwest in response to a [[Trough (meteorology)|trough]] over [[Mexico]]. [[Tropical cyclone forecast model]]s at the time anticipated intensification as conditions ahead of the system favored [[Tropical cyclogenesis|tropical cyclone development]].<ref>{{Cite web|author=Richard D. Knabb and Stacey Stewart|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=May 17, 2005|accessdate=June 22, 2010|title=Tropical Depression One-E Discussion One|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/dis/ep012005.discus.001.shtml?}}</ref> Initially, the system moved at a slow pace of {{convert|5|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}; however this later increased to {{convert|9|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}. Within six hours of being declared a depression, the cyclone was classified as Tropical Storm Adrian.<ref name="TCR"/>
Hurricane Adrian originated from a [[tropical wave]] that moved off the western coast of Africa, near the [[Cape Verde Islands]] in early May 2005. Between May&nbsp;10 and 14, several areas of disturbed weather moved across Central America, contributing to the development of a broad [[Low-pressure area|area of low pressure]] about 520&nbsp;mi (835&nbsp;km) south-southeast of [[Acapulco]], Mexico. On May&nbsp;15, another tropical wave interacted with the low, resulting in the consolidation of the system. The following day, the developing low was nearly stationary as [[Atmospheric convection|convection]] increased.<ref name="TCR">{{Cite web|author=Richard D. Knabb|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=November 24, 2005|access-date=June 22, 2010|title=Hurricane Adrian Tropical Cyclone Report|url={{NHC TCR url|id=EP012005_Adrian}}|format=[[PDF]]}}</ref> Around 11:00&nbsp;am [[Pacific time zone|PDT]] (1800&nbsp;[[UTC]]) on May&nbsp;17, the [[National Hurricane Center]] (NHC) estimated that the system developed into a tropical depression, the first of the [[2005 Pacific hurricane season]]. Upon forming, the depression was situated just south of [[10th parallel north|10°N]], making it the 40th known [[tropical cyclone]] to do so since 1949.<ref name="TCR"/><ref>Tropical cyclone records in the Eastern Pacific are available as far back as 1949.</ref> Unlike most storms in the eastern Pacific, Tropical Depression One-E tracked towards the northwest in response to a [[Trough (meteorology)|trough]] over Mexico. [[Tropical cyclone forecast model]]s at the time anticipated intensification as conditions ahead of the system favored [[Tropical cyclogenesis|tropical cyclone development]].<ref>{{Cite web|author=Richard D. Knabb and Stacey Stewart|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=May 17, 2005|access-date=June 22, 2010|title=Tropical Depression One-E Discussion One|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/dis/ep012005.discus.001.shtml?}}</ref> Initially, the system moved at a slow pace of {{convert|5|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}; however this later increased to {{convert|9|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}. Within six hours of being declared a depression, the cyclone was classified as Tropical Storm Adrian.<ref name="TCR"/>


Over the following days, gradual strengthening took place as Adrian moved through a region of moderate [[wind shear]].<ref name="TCR"/> By May&nbsp;18, deep convection consolidated around the center of circulation and [[Rainband|feeder bands]] developed along the periphery of the storm. Warm waters, around {{convert|30|C|F|abbr=on}}, ahead of the storm would allow for further strengthening despite wind shear and interaction with the high terrain of Central America. Additionally, some forecasts predicted that Adrian would survive the passage of Central America and enter the [[Caribbean Sea]],<ref>{{Cite web|author=Lixion A. Avila|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=May 18, 2005|accessdate=June 22, 2010|title=Tropical Storm Adrian Discussion Three|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/dis/ep012005.discus.003.shtml?}}</ref> possibly becoming the third known storm to cross from the eastern Pacific into the [[North Atlantic tropical cyclone|Atlantic basin]].<ref>{{Cite web|author=Hurricane Research Division|publisher=National Hurricane Center|year=2010|accessdate=June 22, 2010|title=Easy-To-Read HURDAT: 1851-2009|url=http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/easyread-2009.html}}</ref> By May&nbsp;19, the storm became relatively disorganized and Adrian only maintained a small area of convection around its center.<ref>{{Cite web|author=James L. Franklin|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=May 19, 2005|accessdate=June 22, 2010|title=Tropical Storm Adrian Discussion Seven|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/dis/ep012005.discus.007.shtml?}}</ref> However, within hours of this disorganization, the system rapidly consolidated and satellite imagery depicted the precursor to an [[Eye (cyclone)|eye]] forming.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Richard D. Knabb and Lixion A. Avila|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=May 19, 2005|accessdate=June 22, 2010|title=Tropical Storm Adrian Discussion Eight|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/dis/ep012005.discus.008.shtml?}}</ref> Following this, Adrian intensified to a minimal hurricane before attaining its peak intensity around 10:00&nbsp;am PDT (1700&nbsp;UTC) on May&nbsp;19. At this time, the storm was situated about 85&nbsp;mi (140&nbsp;km) and had sustained winds of 80&nbsp;mph (130&nbsp;km/h) and a [[barometric pressure]] of 982&nbsp;mbar (hPa; 29&nbsp;inHg).<ref name="TCR"/>
Over the following days, gradual strengthening took place as Adrian moved through a region of moderate [[wind shear]].<ref name="TCR"/> By May&nbsp;18, deep convection consolidated around the center of circulation and [[Rainband|feeder bands]] developed along the periphery of the storm. Warm waters, around {{convert|30|C|F|abbr=on}}, ahead of the storm would allow for further strengthening despite wind shear and interaction with the high terrain of Central America. Additionally, some forecasts predicted that Adrian would survive the passage of Central America and enter the Caribbean,<ref>{{Cite web|author=Lixion A. Avila|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=May 18, 2005|access-date=June 22, 2010|title=Tropical Storm Adrian Discussion Three|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/dis/ep012005.discus.003.shtml?}}</ref> possibly becoming the third known storm to cross from the eastern Pacific into the [[North Atlantic tropical cyclone|Atlantic basin]].<ref>{{Cite web|author=Hurricane Research Division|publisher=National Hurricane Center|year=2010|access-date=June 22, 2010|title=Easy-To-Read HURDAT: 1851-2009|url=http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/easyread-2009.html}}</ref> By May&nbsp;19, the storm became relatively disorganized and Adrian only maintained a small area of convection around its center.<ref>{{Cite web|author=James L. Franklin|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=May 19, 2005|access-date=June 22, 2010|title=Tropical Storm Adrian Discussion Seven|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/dis/ep012005.discus.007.shtml?}}</ref> However, within hours of this disorganization, the system rapidly consolidated and [[satellite imagery]] depicted the precursor to an [[Eye (cyclone)|eye]] forming.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Richard D. Knabb and Lixion A. Avila|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=May 19, 2005|access-date=June 22, 2010|title=Tropical Storm Adrian Discussion Eight|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/dis/ep012005.discus.008.shtml?}}</ref> Following this, Adrian intensified to a minimal hurricane before attaining its peak intensity around 10:00&nbsp;am PDT (1700&nbsp;UTC) on May&nbsp;19. At this time, the storm was situated about 85&nbsp;mi (140&nbsp;km) and had sustained winds of 80&nbsp;mph (130&nbsp;km/h) and a [[barometric pressure]] of 982&nbsp;mbar (hPa; 29&nbsp;inHg).<ref name="TCR"/>


⚫
Not long after becoming a hurricane, Adrian suddenly succumbed to persistent wind shear off the coast of [[El Salvador]]. Operationally, this weakening was not noticed by the NHC, leading to their assessment of the storm making [[landfall]] in El Salvador around 11:00&nbsp;pm PDT (0600&nbsp;UTC on May&nbsp;20) as a [[Category&nbsp;1 hurricane]] on the [[Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale]]. In post-storm analysis, it was determined that the center of Adrian never actually crossed the coastline of El Salvador. Rather, convection associated with the system was sheared northward away from the center of circulation. Meteorologists at the NHC stated that Adrian's near-parallel track along the coast of El Salvador contributed to its rapid weakening as well as keeping the low offshore. Later on May&nbsp;20, the system weakened to a tropical depression and made landfall in [[Honduras]], along the pacific coast, around 1:00&nbsp;pm PDT (2100&nbsp;UTC) with winds of 25&nbsp;mph (35&nbsp;km/h). Several hours later, Adrian dissipated over the mountains of Central America.<ref name="TCR"/>
⚫
[[File:Tropical Depression Adrian May 20 1545 UTC.jpg|thumb|left|Tropical Depression Adrian several hours before making landfall in Honduras]]
⚫
Not long after becoming a hurricane, Adrian suddenly succumbed to persistent wind shear off the coast of [[El Salvador]]. Operationally, this weakening was not noticed by the NHC, leading to their assessment of the storm making [[Landfall (meteorology)|landfall]] in El Salvador around 11:00&nbsp;pm PDT (0600&nbsp;UTC on May&nbsp;20) as a [[SSHS#Category 1|Category&nbsp;1 hurricane]] on the [[Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale]]. In post-storm analysis, it was determined that the center of Adrian never actually crossed the coastline of El Salvador. Rather, convection associated with the system was sheared northward away from the center of circulation. Meteorologists at the NHC stated that Adrian's near-parallel track along the coast of El Salvador contributed to its rapid weakening as well as keeping the low offshore. Later on May&nbsp;20, the system weakened to a tropical depression and made landfall in [[Honduras]], along the [[Gulf of Fonseca]], around 1:00&nbsp;pm PDT (2100&nbsp;UTC) with winds of 25&nbsp;mph (35&nbsp;km/h). Several hours later, Adrian dissipated over the mountains of Central America.<ref name="TCR"/>


==Preparations==
==Preparations==
⚫
[[File:Adrian 2005 landfall.jpg|thumb|right|Tropical Depression Adrian several hours before landfall in [[Honduras]] on May 20]]
In response to the approaching hurricane, officials in [[El Salvador]] initiated the evacuations of about 3,500 families throughout 13 municipalities.<ref name="Adrian Damage summary">{{es icon}} {{Cite web|title=Informe De Perdidas y Daños Ocurridos Por Huracan Adrian|date=2005-06-08|publisher=National Service of Territorial Studies|accessdate=2008-11-08|url=http://www.snet.gob.sv/Documentos/perdidasAdrian.pdf|format=PDF}}</ref> Public facilities, as precautionary measures, were closed. The local governments and citizens were mindful of the damages caused to the region by other hurricanes, namely the 9,000 deaths caused by [[Hurricane Mitch]] in 1998.<ref name="BBC">{{Cite web|title=Hurricane Adrian hits El Salvador|date=May 20, 2005|publisher=BBC|accessdate=November 8, 2008|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4565643.stm}}</ref> According to [[President of El Salvador|President]] [[Antonio Saca]], roughly 23,000 people evacuated by the storm's arrival.<ref name="AP1">{{Cite web|author=Diego Mendez|publisher=Associated Press|date=May 20, 2005|accessdate=June 22, 2010|title=Hurricane Adrian fizzles in Central American coast |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-108943662.html}}</ref> In fears of significant damage, a [[state of emergency]] was declared for the entire country, home to roughly 6.5&nbsp;million people.<ref name="AP2">{{Cite web|author=Diego Mendez|publisher=Associated Press|date=May 20, 2005|accessdate=June 22, 2010|title=Hurricane Adrian Threatens El Salvador |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-108912061.html}}</ref>
In response to the approaching hurricane, officials in [[El Salvador]] initiated the evacuations of about 3,500 families throughout 13 municipalities.<ref name="Adrian Damage summary">{{Cite web|title=Informe De Perdidas y Daños Ocurridos Por Huracan Adrian|date=2005-06-08|publisher=National Service of Territorial Studies|access-date=2008-11-08|url=http://www.snet.gob.sv/Documentos/perdidasAdrian.pdf|language=es}}</ref> Public facilities, as precautionary measures, were closed. The local governments and citizens were mindful of the damages caused to the region by other hurricanes, namely the 9,000 deaths caused by [[Hurricane Mitch]] in 1998.<ref name="BBC">{{Cite web|title=Hurricane Adrian hits El Salvador|date=May 20, 2005|publisher=BBC|access-date=November 8, 2008|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4565643.stm}}</ref> According to [[President of El Salvador|President]] [[Antonio Saca]], roughly 23,000 people evacuated by the storm's arrival.<ref name="AP1">{{Cite web|author=Diego Mendez|agency=Associated Press|date=May 20, 2005|access-date=June 22, 2010|title=Hurricane Adrian fizzles in Central American coast |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-108943662.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104070137/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-108943662.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 4, 2012}}</ref> In fears of significant damage, a [[state of emergency]] was declared for the entire country, home to roughly 6.5&nbsp;million people.<ref name="AP2">{{Cite web|author=Diego Mendez|agency=Associated Press|date=May 20, 2005|access-date=June 22, 2010|title=Hurricane Adrian Threatens El Salvador |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-108912061.html}}{{dead link|date=February 2019|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>


In nearby Honduras, officials closed schools and public workers were given a half day as a precautionary measure. Small-scale evacuations also took place in parts of Guatemala and Nicaragua.<ref name="AP1"/> Guatemala also declared a state of maximum alert as heavy rains from Adrian were expected to trigger flooding.<ref name="AP2"/> Shelters were set up across the country to house roughly 400,000 people at-risk from the storm.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Joel Roberts|work=Associated Press|publisher=CBS News|date=May 18, 2005|accessdate=June 22, 2010|title=Central America In Eye Of Storm|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2005/05/18/world/main696265.shtml}}</ref>
In nearby Honduras, officials closed schools and public workers were given a half day as a precautionary measure. Small-scale evacuations also took place in parts of Guatemala and Nicaragua.<ref name="AP1"/> Guatemala also declared a state of maximum alert as heavy rains from Adrian were expected to trigger flooding.<ref name="AP2"/> Shelters were set up across the country to house roughly 400,000 people at-risk from the storm.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Joel Roberts|agency=Associated Press|publisher=CBS News|date=May 18, 2005|access-date=June 22, 2010|title=Central America In Eye Of Storm|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/central-america-in-eye-of-storm/}}</ref>


==Impact==
==Impact==
Adrian had minor effects in Honduras, only a few poorly constructed building were destroyed and minor floods were reported and there were no known fatalities associated with the storm.<ref name="Adrian USAT">{{Cite web|author=Associated Press|title= Hurricane Adrian whacks El Salvador, then fizzles|date=May 20, 2005|publisher=USA Today|accessdate=November 29, 2008|url=http://www.usatoday.com/weather/stormcenter/2005-05-19-evacuations-adrian_x.htm}}</ref>
Adrian had minor effects in Honduras; only a few poorly constructed building were destroyed and minor floods were reported and there were no known fatalities associated with the storm.<ref name="Adrian USAT">{{Cite web|agency=Associated Press|title= Hurricane Adrian whacks El Salvador, then fizzles|date=May 20, 2005|work=USA Today|access-date=November 29, 2008|url=https://www.usatoday.com/weather/stormcenter/2005-05-19-evacuations-adrian_x.htm}}</ref>


In [[El Salvador]], rains from Adrian led to numerous landslides and flash floods, mainly along coastal areas. Fallen trees were reported throughout the country.<ref name="Adrian Damage summary">{{es icon}} {{Cite web|title=Informe De Perdidas y Daños Ocurridos Por Huracan Adrian|date=June 8, 2005|publisher=National Service of Territorial Studies|accessdate=November 29, 2008|url=http://www.snet.gob.sv/Documentos/perdidasAdrian.pdf|format=PDF}}</ref> The floods prompted officials to shut down roads to keep people out of harms way.<ref name="Adrian Road Close">{{es icon}} {{Cite web|author=El Diario de Hoy|title=Cierran calles peligrosas|date=May 19, 2005|publisher=Nationales|accessdate=November 28, 2008|url=http://www.elsalvador.com/noticias/2005/05/19/nacional/nac36.asp}}</ref> Heavy rains up to 16.4&nbsp;[[inch]]es (418.6&nbsp;[[millimetre|mm]]) caused several landslides that damaged roads.<ref name="Adrian Rainfall Summery">{{es icon}} {{Cite web|title=Report of Landslides generated by Hurricane Adrian, El Salvador|year=2005|publisher=National Service of Territorial Studies|accessdate=November 28, 2005|url=http://www.snet.gob.sv/Geologia/Deslizamientos/Deslizamientos-Adrian.pdf|format=PDF}}</ref> Two people were also killed in a mudslide.<ref name="Adrian mudslide deaths">{{Cite web|author=Alberto Barrera|title=Central America Storm Fades, Mudslides Feared|date=May 23, 2005|publisher=Reuters|accessdate=November 29, 2008|url=http://www.planetark.com/dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/30923/story.htm}}</ref> Two more deaths took place, one due to a plane crash caused by strong winds, the other caused by flooding.<ref name="Adrian El Salvador deaths">{{Cite web|title=El Salvador, Honduras escape hurricane's wrath|date=May 21, 2005|publisher=CBC News|accessdate=November 29, 2005|url=http://www.cbc.ca/world/story/2005/05/20/hurricaneadrian0520.html}}</ref> In all, damages in El Salvador totaled to $12&nbsp;million (2005 [[United States Dollar|USD]]; $13.2&nbsp;million 2008 USD).<ref name="Adrian Damage Cost">{{es icon}} {{Cite web|author=El Diario de Hoy|title=Estiman $12 millones en pérdidas por Adrián|date=May 21, 2005|publisher=Nationales|accessdate=November 29, 2008|url=http://www.elsalvador.com/noticias/2005/05/21/nacional/nac1.asp}}</ref>
In [[El Salvador]], rains from Adrian led to numerous landslides and flash floods, mainly along coastal areas. Fallen trees were reported throughout the country.<ref name="Adrian Damage summary" /> The floods prompted officials to shut down roads to keep people out of harm's way.<ref name="Adrian Road Close">{{Cite web|work=El Diario de Hoy|title=Cierran calles peligrosas|date=May 19, 2005|publisher=Nationales|access-date=November 28, 2008|url=http://www.elsalvador.com/noticias/2005/05/19/nacional/nac36.asp|language=es}}</ref> Heavy rains up to 16.4&nbsp;[[inch]]es (418.6&nbsp;[[millimetre|mm]]) caused several landslides that damaged roads.<ref name="Adrian Rainfall Summery">{{Cite web|title=Report of Landslides generated by Hurricane Adrian, El Salvador|year=2005|publisher=National Service of Territorial Studies|access-date=November 28, 2005|url=http://www.snet.gob.sv/Geologia/Deslizamientos/Deslizamientos-Adrian.pdf|language=es}}</ref> Two deaths took place, one due to a plane crash caused by strong winds, the other caused by flooding.<ref name="Adrian El Salvador deaths">{{Cite web|title=El Salvador, Honduras escape hurricane's wrath|date=May 21, 2005|publisher=CBC News|access-date=November 29, 2005|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/el-salvador-honduras-escape-hurricane-s-wrath-1.550008}}</ref> In all, damages in El Salvador totaled to $12&nbsp;million (2005 [[United States dollar|USD]]; ${{Formatprice|{{Inflation|US|12000000|2005|r=2}}}} {{Inflation-year|US}} USD).<ref name="Adrian Damage Cost">{{Cite web|author=El Diario de Hoy|title=Estiman $12 millones en pérdidas por Adrián|date=May 21, 2005|publisher=Nationales|access-date=November 29, 2008|url=http://www.elsalvador.com/noticias/2005/05/21/nacional/nac1.asp|language=es}}</ref>


In [[Guatemala]], two people were killed after rains ahead of Adrian caused a ditch to cave in on them.<ref name="Adrian Guatemala deaths">{{Cite web|author=Diego Mendez|title=El Salvador awaits Hurricane Adrian's arrival|date=May 20, 2005|publisher=Independent Online|accessdate=November 29, 2008|url=http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=122&art_id=qw1116564124171R131}}</ref> One person was killed due to flooding in Nicaragua.<ref name="TCR"/>
In [[Guatemala]], two people were killed after rains ahead of Adrian caused a ditch to cave in on them.<ref name="Adrian Guatemala deaths">{{Cite web|author=Diego Mendez|title=El Salvador awaits Hurricane Adrian's arrival|date=May 20, 2005|work=Independent Online|access-date=November 29, 2008|url=http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=122&art_id=qw1116564124171R131}}</ref> One person was killed due to flooding in Nicaragua.<ref name="TCR"/>


==See also==
==See also==
{{Portal|Tropical cyclones}}
{{Portal|Tropical cyclones}}
*[[Tropical cyclone]]
*[[List of tropical cyclones]]
* [[Timeline of the 2005 Pacific hurricane season]]
* [[Timeline of the 2005 Pacific hurricane season]]


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==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category|Hurricane Adrian (2005)}}
{{Commons category|Hurricane Adrian (2005)}}
⚫
{{wikinews| Hurricane Adrian strikes Central America Thursday night| Adrian dissipates, producing heavy rains and mudslides}}
{{Wikinewshas|related news|
*{{NHC TCR url|id=EP012005_Adrian|title=NHC Tropical Cyclone Report}}
⚫
*[[n:Hurricane Adrian strikes Central America Thursday night|Hurricane Adrian strikes Central America Thursday night]]
*[[n:Adrian dissipates, producing heavy rains and mudslides|Adrian dissipates, producing heavy rains and mudslides]]}}
*[http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TCR-EP012005_Adrian.pdf NHC Tropical Cyclone Report]
*[http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/refresh/ADRIAN+shtml/? NHC's public advisory archive on Hurricane Adrian]
*[http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/refresh/ADRIAN+shtml/? NHC's public advisory archive on Hurricane Adrian]
*[http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/tws/MIATWSEP_may.shtml? NHC's Monthly Tropical Weather Summary for May 2005]
*[http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/tws/MIATWSEP_may.shtml? NHC's Monthly Tropical Weather Summary for May 2005]
*[http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2005/05/19/world/main696630.shtml Photos]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20050521023150/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2005/05/19/world/main696630.shtml Photos]


{{2005 Pacific hurricane season buttons}}
{{2005 Pacific hurricane season buttons}}
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[[Category:Hurricanes in Guatemala]]
[[Category:Hurricanes in Guatemala]]
[[Category:Hurricanes in Honduras]]
[[Category:Hurricanes in Honduras]]
[[Category:Hurricanes in Central America]]
[[Category:2005 in El Salvador]]
[[Category:2005 in El Salvador]]
[[Category:Tropical cyclones in 2005]]

Latest revision as of 18:50, 29 August 2024

For other storms of the same name, see List of storms named Adrian.
Hurricane Adrian
Adrian near peak intensity on May 19
Meteorological history
FormedMay 17, 2005
DissipatedMay 21, 2005
Category 1 hurricane
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/NWS)
Highest winds80 mph (130 km/h)
Lowest pressure982 mbar (hPa); 29.00 inHg
Overall effects
Fatalities5
Damage$12 million
Areas affectedGuatemala, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Honduras
IBTrACSEdit this at Wikidata
Part of the 2005 Pacific hurricane season

Hurricane Adrian was an early season hurricane which took an unusual southwest to northeast track, bringing it closer to El Salvador than any other hurricane since reliable records began in 1949. The first storm of the 2005 Pacific hurricane season, Adrian developed on May 17, just two days after the official start of the season, several hundred miles south-southeast of Mexico. Tracking in an atypical northwestward direction, the storm gradually intensified. On May 19, the storm reached its peak strength as a minimal hurricane with winds of 80 mph (130 km/h). Not long after reaching this intensity, the storm abruptly weakened. By the morning of May 20, the system had weakened to a minimal tropical storm and turned due west. Later that day, the storm made landfall along the Gulf of Fonseca in Honduras before dissipating several hours later.

Meteorological history

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Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

Hurricane Adrian originated from a tropical wave that moved off the western coast of Africa, near the Cape Verde Islands in early May 2005. Between May 10 and 14, several areas of disturbed weather moved across Central America, contributing to the development of a broad area of low pressure about 520 mi (835 km) south-southeast of Acapulco, Mexico. On May 15, another tropical wave interacted with the low, resulting in the consolidation of the system. The following day, the developing low was nearly stationary as convection increased.[1] Around 11:00 am PDT (1800 UTC) on May 17, the National Hurricane Center (NHC) estimated that the system developed into a tropical depression, the first of the 2005 Pacific hurricane season. Upon forming, the depression was situated just south of 10°N, making it the 40th known tropical cyclone to do so since 1949.[1][2] Unlike most storms in the eastern Pacific, Tropical Depression One-E tracked towards the northwest in response to a trough over Mexico. Tropical cyclone forecast models at the time anticipated intensification as conditions ahead of the system favored tropical cyclone development.[3] Initially, the system moved at a slow pace of 5 mph (8.0 km/h); however this later increased to 9 mph (14 km/h). Within six hours of being declared a depression, the cyclone was classified as Tropical Storm Adrian.[1]

Over the following days, gradual strengthening took place as Adrian moved through a region of moderate wind shear.[1] By May 18, deep convection consolidated around the center of circulation and feeder bands developed along the periphery of the storm. Warm waters, around 30 °C (86 °F), ahead of the storm would allow for further strengthening despite wind shear and interaction with the high terrain of Central America. Additionally, some forecasts predicted that Adrian would survive the passage of Central America and enter the Caribbean,[4] possibly becoming the third known storm to cross from the eastern Pacific into the Atlantic basin.[5] By May 19, the storm became relatively disorganized and Adrian only maintained a small area of convection around its center.[6] However, within hours of this disorganization, the system rapidly consolidated and satellite imagery depicted the precursor to an eye forming.[7] Following this, Adrian intensified to a minimal hurricane before attaining its peak intensity around 10:00 am PDT (1700 UTC) on May 19. At this time, the storm was situated about 85 mi (140 km) and had sustained winds of 80 mph (130 km/h) and a barometric pressure of 982 mbar (hPa; 29 inHg).[1]

Not long after becoming a hurricane, Adrian suddenly succumbed to persistent wind shear off the coast of El Salvador. Operationally, this weakening was not noticed by the NHC, leading to their assessment of the storm making landfall in El Salvador around 11:00 pm PDT (0600 UTC on May 20) as a Category 1 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale. In post-storm analysis, it was determined that the center of Adrian never actually crossed the coastline of El Salvador. Rather, convection associated with the system was sheared northward away from the center of circulation. Meteorologists at the NHC stated that Adrian's near-parallel track along the coast of El Salvador contributed to its rapid weakening as well as keeping the low offshore. Later on May 20, the system weakened to a tropical depression and made landfall in Honduras, along the pacific coast, around 1:00 pm PDT (2100 UTC) with winds of 25 mph (35 km/h). Several hours later, Adrian dissipated over the mountains of Central America.[1]

Preparations

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Tropical Depression Adrian several hours before landfall in Honduras on May 20

In response to the approaching hurricane, officials in El Salvador initiated the evacuations of about 3,500 families throughout 13 municipalities.[8] Public facilities, as precautionary measures, were closed. The local governments and citizens were mindful of the damages caused to the region by other hurricanes, namely the 9,000 deaths caused by Hurricane Mitch in 1998.[9] According to President Antonio Saca, roughly 23,000 people evacuated by the storm's arrival.[10] In fears of significant damage, a state of emergency was declared for the entire country, home to roughly 6.5 million people.[11]

In nearby Honduras, officials closed schools and public workers were given a half day as a precautionary measure. Small-scale evacuations also took place in parts of Guatemala and Nicaragua.[10] Guatemala also declared a state of maximum alert as heavy rains from Adrian were expected to trigger flooding.[11] Shelters were set up across the country to house roughly 400,000 people at-risk from the storm.[12]

Impact

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Adrian had minor effects in Honduras; only a few poorly constructed building were destroyed and minor floods were reported and there were no known fatalities associated with the storm.[13]

In El Salvador, rains from Adrian led to numerous landslides and flash floods, mainly along coastal areas. Fallen trees were reported throughout the country.[8] The floods prompted officials to shut down roads to keep people out of harm's way.[14] Heavy rains up to 16.4 inches (418.6 mm) caused several landslides that damaged roads.[15] Two deaths took place, one due to a plane crash caused by strong winds, the other caused by flooding.[16] In all, damages in El Salvador totaled to $12 million (2005 USD; $18.7 million 2023 USD).[17]

In Guatemala, two people were killed after rains ahead of Adrian caused a ditch to cave in on them.[18] One person was killed due to flooding in Nicaragua.[1]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g Richard D. Knabb (November 24, 2005). "Hurricane Adrian Tropical Cyclone Report" (PDF). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 22, 2010.
  2. ^ Tropical cyclone records in the Eastern Pacific are available as far back as 1949.
  3. ^ Richard D. Knabb and Stacey Stewart (May 17, 2005). "Tropical Depression One-E Discussion One". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 22, 2010.
  4. ^ Lixion A. Avila (May 18, 2005). "Tropical Storm Adrian Discussion Three". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 22, 2010.
  5. ^ Hurricane Research Division (2010). "Easy-To-Read HURDAT: 1851-2009". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 22, 2010.
  6. ^ James L. Franklin (May 19, 2005). "Tropical Storm Adrian Discussion Seven". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 22, 2010.
  7. ^ Richard D. Knabb and Lixion A. Avila (May 19, 2005). "Tropical Storm Adrian Discussion Eight". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 22, 2010.
  8. ^ a b "Informe De Perdidas y Daños Ocurridos Por Huracan Adrian" (PDF) (in Spanish). National Service of Territorial Studies. 2005-06-08. Retrieved 2008-11-08.
  9. ^ "Hurricane Adrian hits El Salvador". BBC. May 20, 2005. Retrieved November 8, 2008.
  10. ^ a b Diego Mendez (May 20, 2005). "Hurricane Adrian fizzles in Central American coast". Associated Press. Archived from the original on November 4, 2012. Retrieved June 22, 2010.
  11. ^ a b Diego Mendez (May 20, 2005). "Hurricane Adrian Threatens El Salvador". Associated Press. Retrieved June 22, 2010.[dead link‍]
  12. ^ Joel Roberts (May 18, 2005). "Central America In Eye Of Storm". CBS News. Associated Press. Retrieved June 22, 2010.
  13. ^ "Hurricane Adrian whacks El Salvador, then fizzles". USA Today. Associated Press. May 20, 2005. Retrieved November 29, 2008.
  14. ^ "Cierran calles peligrosas". El Diario de Hoy (in Spanish). Nationales. May 19, 2005. Retrieved November 28, 2008.
  15. ^ "Report of Landslides generated by Hurricane Adrian, El Salvador" (PDF) (in Spanish). National Service of Territorial Studies. 2005. Retrieved November 28, 2005.
  16. ^ "El Salvador, Honduras escape hurricane's wrath". CBC News. May 21, 2005. Retrieved November 29, 2005.
  17. ^ El Diario de Hoy (May 21, 2005). "Estiman $12 millones en pérdidas por Adrián" (in Spanish). Nationales. Retrieved November 29, 2008.
  18. ^ Diego Mendez (May 20, 2005). "El Salvador awaits Hurricane Adrian's arrival". Independent Online. Retrieved November 29, 2008.
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