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{{Short description|British naturalist}}
{{EngvarB|date=August 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2017}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
|name = Philip Herbert Carpenter
|name = Philip Herbert Carpenter
|image = Philip Herbert Carpenter01.jpg
|image = Philip Herbert Carpenter01.jpg
|image_size =
|caption =
|caption =
|birth_date = {{Birth date|1852|02|06|df=yes}}
|birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1852|02|06}}
|birth_place = [[London]], [[England]]
|birth_place = London, England
|death_date = {{Death date and age|1891|10|21|1852|02|06|df=yes}}
|death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1891|10|21|1852|02|06}}
|death_place = [[Eton College]], England
|death_place = [[Eton College]], England
|death_cause = due to self-administration of chloroform during a bout of temporary insanity caused by chronic insomnia
|resting_place =
|resting_place =
|resting_place_coordinates = {{Coord|51.567|0.147|display=inline}}
|resting_place_coordinates = {{Coord|51.567|0.147|display=inline}}
|residence =
|nationality = [[English people|British]]
|known_for =
|known_for =
|alma_mater = {{Unbulleted list|[[University College London]]|[[Trinity College, Cambridge|Trinity College]], [[Cambridge]]}}
|alma_mater = {{Unbulleted list|[[University College London]]|[[Trinity College, Cambridge|Trinity College]], Cambridge}}
|occupation = British naturalist and [[crinoid]] authority
|occupation = naturalist and [[crinoid]] authority
|years_active = 1874–1891
|years_active = 1874–1891
|title = {{Unbulleted list|[[Master of Arts|Master of Arts - M.Sc]](1868)|[[Doctor of Science]](1874)|[[Fellow of the Royal Society|Fellow of the Royal Society - FRS]](1885)}}
|title = {{Unbulleted list|[[Master of Arts|Master of Arts – MSc]](1868)|[[Doctor of Science]](1874)|[[Fellow of the Royal Society|Fellow of the Royal Society – FRS]](1885)}}
|awards = [[Lyell Fund]] (1881)
|awards = [[Lyell Fund]] (1881)
|religion = [[Unitarianism|Unitarian]]
|spouse =
|spouse =
|children =
|children =
|parents = Dr [[William Benjamin Carpenter]],<br>Louisa Powell (1840-1885)
|parents = [[William Benjamin Carpenter]],<br>Louisa Powell (1840–1885)
|relations = [[Philip Pearsall Carpenter]] (uncle))<br> [[Russell Lant Carpenter]] (uncle)<br> [[Mary Carpenter]] (Aunt)
|relations = [[Philip Pearsall Carpenter]] (uncle))<br> [[Russell Lant Carpenter]] (uncle)<br> [[Mary Carpenter]] (Aunt)
|signature =
|signature =
}}
}}
'''Philip Herbert Carpenter''' (6 February 1852, [[London]] - 21 October 1891, [[Eton College]]),<ref>[http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayFulltext?type=1&fid=5378844&jid=GEO&volumeId=8&issueId=12&aid=5378840 Obituary]</ref> [[Master of Arts (postgraduate)|M.A.]], [[D.Sc.]], [[F.R.S.]], British naturalist and [[crinoid]] authority, was the fourth son of Dr. [[William Benjamin Carpenter]].{{sfn|Bonney|1901}}<ref>''The Publishers' Circular and Booksellers' Record of British and Foreign Literature'', Issue No. 1321, Oct. 24, 1891, p. 487.</ref>
'''Philip Herbert Carpenter''' (6 February 1852 – 21 October 1891),<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayFulltext?type=1&fid=5378844&jid=GEO&volumeId=8&issueId=12&aid=5378840|title=Philip Herbert Carpenter M.A., D.Sc. (Camb.) F.R.S., F.L.S.|journal=Geological Magazine |date=December 1891 |volume=8 |issue=12 |pages=573–575 |publisher=Cambridge University |doi=10.1017/S001675680018776X |last1=B |first1=F. A. |bibcode=1891GeoM....8..573. }}</ref> [[Fellow of the Royal Society|FRS]], British naturalist and [[crinoid]] authority, was the fourth son of [[William Benjamin Carpenter]].{{sfn|Bonney|1901}}<ref>''The Publishers' Circular and Booksellers' Record of British and Foreign Literature'', Issue No. 1321, 24 October 1891, p. 487.</ref>
He took his own life, by self-administration of chloroform during a bout of temporary insanity caused by chronic insomnia.<ref>"Sleeplessness and Suicide," ''Grey River Argus'' (New Zealand), Volume XXXII, Issue 7315, 9 March 1892, p. 4.</ref>


==Education & research==
==Education and research==
Dr. Carpenter was educated at [[University College School]], then at [[University College London|University College]], and afterwards became a Scholar of [[Trinity College, Cambridge|Trinity College]], [[Cambridge]], where he graduated in 1874.<ref>{{acad|id=CRPR871PH|name=Carpenter, Philip Henry}}</ref>
Carpenter was educated at [[University College School]], then at [[University College London|University College]], and afterwards became a Scholar of [[Trinity College, Cambridge|Trinity College]], Cambridge, where he graduated in 1874.<ref>{{acad|id=CRPR871PH|name=Carpenter, Philip Henry}}</ref> He was a member of the scientific staff of the deep-sea exploring expeditions of H.M.S. ''Lightning'' (1868) and ''Porcupine'' (1869–1870). In 1875, he was appointed assistant [[naturalist]] to [[HMS Valorous (1851)|H.M.S. ''Valorous'']] accompanying Admiral Sir [[George Strong Nares]]'s Arctic expedition to [[Disko Island]], and spent the summer sounding and dredging in [[Davis Strait]] and the North Atlantic.
Dr. Carpenter was a member of the scientific staff of the deep-sea exploring expeditions of H.M.S. ''Lightning'' (1868) and ''Porcupine'' (1869–1870).
In 1875, he was appointed assistant [[naturalist]] to H.M.S. ''Valorous'' accompanying Admiral Sir [[George Strong Nares]]'s Arctic expedition to [[Disco Island]], and spent the summer sounding and dredging in [[Davis Strait]] and the [[North Atlantic]].


==Career==
==Career==
After the 1872-1876 [[HMS Challenger (1858)|HMS Challenger]] expedition had returned, he was asked in January 1878 by Sir [[Wyville Thomson]] to describe the free-swimming Crinoids that had been collected.
After the 1872–1876 [[HMS Challenger (1858)|HMS Challenger]] expedition had returned, he was asked in January 1878 by Sir [[Wyville Thomson]] to describe the free-swimming Crinoids that had been collected.


Dr. Carpenter was an expert on the [[morphology (biology)|morphology]] of the [[echinoderm]]s, especially the crinoids, both contemporary and [[fossil]].
Carpenter was an expert on the [[morphology (biology)|morphology]] of the [[echinoderm]]s, especially the crinoids, both contemporary and [[fossil]].
In 1883, he was awarded the Lyell Fund<ref>''Award Winners Since 1831, Lyell Fund'', http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/gsl/society/history/page5539.html, accessed 31 Oct 2010.</ref> by the [[Geological Society of London]] in recognition of the scientific value of his work, and in 1885 was elected a [[Fellow of the Royal Society]].<ref>''Nature: A Weekly Illustrated Journal of Science'', Issue of October 29, 1891, pp. 628-629.</ref>
In 1883, he was awarded the Lyell Fund<ref>''Award Winners Since 1831, Lyell Fund'', http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/gsl/society/history/page5539.html. Retrieved 31 October 2010.</ref> by the [[Geological Society of London]] in recognition of the scientific value of his work, and in 1885 was elected a [[Fellow of the Royal Society]].<ref>''Nature: A Weekly Illustrated Journal of Science'', Issue of 29 October 1891, pp. 628–629.</ref>


==Publications==
==Publications==
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*1890. On certain points in the Anatomical Nomenclature of Echinoderms, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. vi. pp.&nbsp;1–23.
*1890. On certain points in the Anatomical Nomenclature of Echinoderms, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. vi. pp.&nbsp;1–23.
*1891. Some publications on American Carboniferous Echinoderms, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. viii. pp.&nbsp;94–100.
*1891. Some publications on American Carboniferous Echinoderms, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. viii. pp.&nbsp;94–100.
*1891. On certain points in the Morphology of the Cystidea, Journ. Linn. Soc. London (Zool.), vol. xxiv. pp.&nbsp;1–52, pi. i. Abstract in Rep. Brit. Assoc. for 1890, p.&nbsp;821; and in GEOL. MAG. Dec. III. Vol. VIH. p.&nbsp;135, March, 1891.
*1891. On certain points in the Morphology of the Cystidea, Journ. Linn. Soc. London (Zool.), vol. xxiv. pp.&nbsp;1–52, pi. i. Abstract in Rep. Brit. Assoc. for 1890, p.&nbsp;821; and in GEOL. MAG. Dec. III. Vol. VIH. p.&nbsp;135, March 1891.
*1891. Notes on some Arctic Comatulae, Journ. Linn. Soc. London (Zool.), vol. xxiv. pp.&nbsp;53–63, pi. ii.
*1891. Notes on some Arctic Comatulae, Journ. Linn. Soc. London (Zool.), vol. xxiv. pp.&nbsp;53–63, pi. ii.
*1891. Notes on some Crinoids from the Neighbourhood of Madeira, op. et torn. tit. pp.&nbsp;64–69.
*1891. Notes on some Crinoids from the Neighbourhood of Madeira, op. et torn. tit. pp.&nbsp;64–69.


He also contributed an account of the Echinoderms to [[Cassell (publisher)|Cassell]]'s ''Natural History'' (1883), and was the chief contributor for the section on the same group in [[Henry Alleyne Nicholson|Nicholson]] and [[Richard Lydekker|Lydekker]]'s ''A Manual of Palaeontology'' (1889).
He also contributed an account of the Echinoderms to [[Cassell (publisher)|Cassell]]'s ''Natural History'' (1883), and was the chief contributor for the section on the same group in [[Henry Alleyne Nicholson|Nicholson]] and [[Richard Lydekker|Lydekker]]'s ''A Manual of Palaeontology'' (1889).

==Family==
==Personal life==
On 19 April 1879, he married Caroline Emma Hale, daughter of Edward Hale, an assistant master at Eton, by whom he had five sons, all surviving him.{{sfn|Bonney|1901}}
On 19 April 1879, he married Caroline Emma Hale, daughter of Edward Hale, an assistant master at Eton, by whom he had five sons.{{sfn|Bonney|1901}} Carpenter died at Eton College where he was Science Master in 1891 after self-administrating [[chloroform]] during a bout of temporary insanity caused by chronic insomnia.<ref name="Argus">{{cite journal |title=Sleeplessness and Suicide |journal=Grey River Argus |date=9 March 1892 |volume=XXXII |issue=7315 |page=4|location=New Zealand |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/GRA18920309.2.22|via=PapersPast}}</ref>

==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

;Attribution
'''Attribution'''
*{{DNBSupp|wstitle=Carpenter, Philip Herbert|first=Thomas George|last=Bonney}}
*{{DNBSupp|wstitle=Carpenter, Philip Herbert|first=Thomas George|last=Bonney}}
*{{PD-old-text|title=Men and Women of the Time|year=1891|author=G. Washington Moon}}
*{{PD-old-text|title=Men and Women of the Time|year=1891|author=G. Washington Moon}}
{{Authority control|VIAF=62300581}}
{{Authority control}}


{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| NAME = Carpenter, Philip Herbert
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = British naturalist
| DATE OF BIRTH = 6 February 1852
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH = 21 October 1891
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Carpenter, Philip Herbert}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Carpenter, Philip Herbert}}
[[Category:People educated at Eton College]]
[[Category:1852 births]]
[[Category:1852 births]]
[[Category:1891 deaths]]
[[Category:1891 deaths]]
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[[Category:Alumni of University College London]]
[[Category:Alumni of University College London]]
[[Category:Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge]]
[[Category:Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge]]
[[Category:Drug-related suicides in England]]

Latest revision as of 21:06, 29 August 2024

Philip Herbert Carpenter
Born(1852-02-06)6 February 1852
London, England
Died21 October 1891(1891-10-21) (aged 39)
Eton College, England
Resting place51°34′01″N 0°08′49″E / 51.567°N 0.147°E / 51.567; 0.147
Alma mater
Occupation(s)naturalist and crinoid authority
Years active1874–1891
Title
Parent(s)William Benjamin Carpenter,
Louisa Powell (1840–1885)
RelativesPhilip Pearsall Carpenter (uncle))
Russell Lant Carpenter (uncle)
Mary Carpenter (Aunt)
AwardsLyell Fund (1881)

Philip Herbert Carpenter (6 February 1852 – 21 October 1891),[1] FRS, British naturalist and crinoid authority, was the fourth son of William Benjamin Carpenter.[2][3]

Education and research

[edit]

Carpenter was educated at University College School, then at University College, and afterwards became a Scholar of Trinity College, Cambridge, where he graduated in 1874.[4] He was a member of the scientific staff of the deep-sea exploring expeditions of H.M.S. Lightning (1868) and Porcupine (1869–1870). In 1875, he was appointed assistant naturalist to H.M.S. Valorous accompanying Admiral Sir George Strong Nares's Arctic expedition to Disko Island, and spent the summer sounding and dredging in Davis Strait and the North Atlantic.

Career

[edit]

After the 1872–1876 HMS Challenger expedition had returned, he was asked in January 1878 by Sir Wyville Thomson to describe the free-swimming Crinoids that had been collected.

Carpenter was an expert on the morphology of the echinoderms, especially the crinoids, both contemporary and fossil. In 1883, he was awarded the Lyell Fund[5] by the Geological Society of London in recognition of the scientific value of his work, and in 1885 was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society.[6]

Publications

[edit]

Carpenter published a large number of papers on Echinoderm and especially Crinoid morphology, in the Royal, Linnean, Geological, and Zoological Societies of London, the Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, the Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Zoologischer Anzeiger, and many other journals. He jointly authored the Catalogue of the Blastoidea in the British Museum with Mr. R. Etheridge, jun.

  • 1882. On the Relations of Hybocrinus, Baerocrinus, and Hybocystites, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. xxxviii. (No. 151), pp. 298–312, pi. xi.
  • 1886. Note on the Structure of Crotalocrinus, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. xviii. pp. 397–406.
  • 1887. Notes on Echinoderm Morphology, No. 11; on the Development of the Apical Plates in Amphiura squamata, Quart. Journ. Micr. Sci. vol. xxviii. pp. 303–317.
  • 1889. Report on the Comatulae of the Mergui Archipelago, etc., Journ. Linn. Soc. London (Zool.), vol. xxi. pp. 304–316, pis. xxvi. and xxvii.
  • 1890. Preliminary Report on the Crinoidea obtained in the Port Phillip Biological Survey, Proc. Roy. Soc. Victoria, new series, vol. ii. pp. 135–136.
  • 1890. On certain points in the Anatomical Nomenclature of Echinoderms, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. vi. pp. 1–23.
  • 1891. Some publications on American Carboniferous Echinoderms, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. viii. pp. 94–100.
  • 1891. On certain points in the Morphology of the Cystidea, Journ. Linn. Soc. London (Zool.), vol. xxiv. pp. 1–52, pi. i. Abstract in Rep. Brit. Assoc. for 1890, p. 821; and in GEOL. MAG. Dec. III. Vol. VIH. p. 135, March 1891.
  • 1891. Notes on some Arctic Comatulae, Journ. Linn. Soc. London (Zool.), vol. xxiv. pp. 53–63, pi. ii.
  • 1891. Notes on some Crinoids from the Neighbourhood of Madeira, op. et torn. tit. pp. 64–69.

He also contributed an account of the Echinoderms to Cassell's Natural History (1883), and was the chief contributor for the section on the same group in Nicholson and Lydekker's A Manual of Palaeontology (1889).

Personal life

[edit]

On 19 April 1879, he married Caroline Emma Hale, daughter of Edward Hale, an assistant master at Eton, by whom he had five sons.[2] Carpenter died at Eton College where he was Science Master in 1891 after self-administrating chloroform during a bout of temporary insanity caused by chronic insomnia.[7]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ B, F. A. (December 1891). "Philip Herbert Carpenter M.A., D.Sc. (Camb.) F.R.S., F.L.S." Geological Magazine. 8 (12). Cambridge University: 573–575. Bibcode:1891GeoM....8..573.. doi:10.1017/S001675680018776X.
  2. ^ a b Bonney 1901.
  3. ^ The Publishers' Circular and Booksellers' Record of British and Foreign Literature, Issue No. 1321, 24 October 1891, p. 487.
  4. ^ "Carpenter, Philip Henry (CRPR871PH)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  5. ^ Award Winners Since 1831, Lyell Fund, http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/gsl/society/history/page5539.html. Retrieved 31 October 2010.
  6. ^ Nature: A Weekly Illustrated Journal of Science, Issue of 29 October 1891, pp. 628–629.
  7. ^ "Sleeplessness and Suicide". Grey River Argus. XXXII (7315). New Zealand: 4. 9 March 1892 – via PapersPast.

Attribution

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