Hurricane Maria (2005): Difference between revisions
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#redirect [[2005 Atlantic hurricane season#Hurricane Maria]] |
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{{short description|Category 3 Atlantic hurricane in 2005}} |
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{{about|the Atlantic hurricane of 2005|the 2017 hurricane that hit Puerto Rico and other Caribbean islands|Hurricane Maria}} |
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{{Other hurricanes|List of storms named Maria}} |
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{{Infobox weather event |
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| name = Hurricane Maria |
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| image = Maria Sept 5 2005 1430Z.jpg |
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| caption = Hurricane Maria near peak intensity on September 5 |
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| formed = September 1, 2005 |
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| extratropical = September 10, 2005 |
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| dissipated = September 14, 2005 |
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}}{{Infobox weather event/NWS |
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| winds = 100 |
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| pressure = 962 |
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}}{{Infobox weather event/Effects |
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| year = 2005 |
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| fatalities = 1 direct <small>(with [[Hurricane Nate (2005)|Hurricane Nate]])</small>, 3 indirect |
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| damage = 3100000 |
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| areas = [[New Jersey]], [[Iceland]], [[Scotland]], [[Norway]] |
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| refs = |
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}}{{Infobox weather event/Footer |
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| season = [[2005 Atlantic hurricane season]] |
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}} |
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{{redirect from merge}} |
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'''Hurricane Maria''' was an [[North Atlantic tropical cyclone|Atlantic hurricane]] which formed in September 2005 during the [[2005 Atlantic hurricane season|annual hurricane season]]. Maria was the thirteenth named storm, sixth hurricane, and fourth major hurricane of the record-breaking season. Maria formed in the central [[Atlantic]] on September 1 and tracked to the northwest, strengthening as it moved over warm waters. The storm reached its peak intensity on September 5 east of [[Bermuda]] and gradually weakened before becoming [[extratropical]] on September 10. Maria did not affect any land as a tropical cyclone, but Maria brought tropical storm-force winds to [[Iceland]] as an extratropical cyclone and produced heavy rain and three fatalities in Norway. |
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==Meteorological history== |
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{{storm path|Maria 2005 track.png}} |
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A powerful [[tropical wave]] moved off the coast of Africa on August 27. As it moved west into the [[Atlantic]], it became more organized and the system developed into Tropical Depression Fourteen about midway between [[Cape Verde]] and the [[Lesser Antilles]] on September 1.<ref name="MariaTCR">{{cite web|author=National Hurricane Center|title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Maria|publisher=NOAA|access-date=May 7, 2006|format=PDF|url={{NHC TCR url|id=AL142005_Maria}}}}</ref> Shear from an upper-level low to the southwest slowed the development of the storm and caused uncertainties in the [[National Hurricane Center]]'s forecasts, as some models indicated that the depression would dissipate and others that it would become a hurricane.<ref name="NHC-disc1">{{cite web|author=National Hurricane Center|title=Discussion for Tropical Depression Fourteen, 11:00 a.m. EDT, September 1, 2005|publisher=NOAA|access-date=May 7, 2006|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/dis/al142005.discus.001.shtml}}</ref> The depression gradually strengthened as it moved to the northwest across the open Atlantic Ocean, becoming Tropical Storm Maria on September 2 and reaching hurricane strength on September 4.<ref name="MariaTCR"/> |
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In the central Atlantic, Hurricane Maria continued to strengthen in favorable conditions, and on September 5 briefly became a [[Saffir-Simpson hurricane scale|Category 3]] hurricane with {{convert|115|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} winds while {{convert|480|mi|km}} east of [[Bermuda]]. Increasing shear and cooler waters caused the storm to rapidly weaken to a minimal hurricane on September 7. Operationally, the NHC believed that Maria had briefly weakened further into a tropical storm, but post-season analysis confirmed this did not occur.<ref name="NHC-disc23">{{cite web|author=National Hurricane Center|title=Discussion for Tropical Storm Maria, 11:00 p.m. EDT, September 6, 2005|publisher=NOAA|access-date=May 7, 2006|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/dis/al142005.discus.023.shtml}}</ref> |
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As Hurricane Maria moved to the northeast the official forecasts called for the storm to continue to weaken slowly but an interaction with an upper-level trough caused Maria to strengthen again. It was also predicted that the storm would rapidly become [[extratropical]], but Maria retained tropical characteristics for 48 hours longer than some forecasts indicated.<ref name="NHC-disc26">{{cite web|author=National Hurricane Center|title=Discussion for Hurricane Maria, 5:00 p.m. EDT, September 7, 2005|publisher=NOAA|access-date=May 7, 2006|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/dis/al142005.discus.026.shtml}}</ref> Maria weakened into a tropical storm on September 9 before finally becoming extratropical about midway between the [[Azores]] and [[Newfoundland (island)|Newfoundland]] early on September 10.<ref name="MariaTCR"/> |
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The extratropical system intensified considerably, achieving hurricane intensity once again on September 11 at about 52°N, with a minimum pressure of 962 [[Bar (unit)|mbar]] ([[Pascal (unit)|hPa]]) — equal to its minimum pressure as a tropical cyclone. It passed just to the south of [[Iceland]] on September 13 as a hurricane-strength extratropical system (although the center stayed offshore). As the storm approached Norway on September 14 it merged with another strong extratropical system.<ref name="MariaTCR"/> |
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==Impact and records== |
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{{See also|Hatlestad Slide}} |
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[[File:Hatlestad Terrasse, 2006.JPG|thumb|right|Damage from a landslide in [[Bergen, Norway]]]] |
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While Maria remained far from the [[East Coast of the United States|U.S. East Coast]], [[rip current]]s caused by the combined effects of the distant Maria and the closer [[Hurricane Nate (2005)|Hurricane Nate]] (which was near [[Bermuda]] at the time) killed one person and seriously injured another in [[New Jersey]].<ref name="natemaria">{{cite web|author=National Climatic Data Center|year=2005|title=Event Record Details for New Jersey|access-date=2006-05-31|url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~591538|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080618101826/http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~591538|archive-date=2008-06-18|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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Maria never approached any land areas while a tropical system, but tracked toward northern Europe after becoming an [[extratropical storm]] on September 10. The first land effects were felt in [[Iceland]] on September 12, where tropical storm-force winds were reported. The strongest winds were recorded in [[Vestmannaeyjar]] where sustained winds in excess of {{convert|67|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} were reported as well as a minimum pressure of 979 [[Bar (unit)|mbar]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wunderground.com/history/station/04048/2005/9/12/DailyHistory.html?req_city=NA&req_state=NA&req_statename=NA |title=History : Weather Underground |publisher=Wunderground.com |date=2005-09-12 |access-date=2009-05-31}}</ref> The storm then brushed the northernmost part of Scotland, with no reported damage there either.<ref name="MariaTCR"/> The extratropical Maria merged with another system and this storm made landfall in Norway. This storm brought tropical storm-force winds and heavy rainfall to that country, and caused [[flood]]ing and several [[mudslide]]s, particularly around [[Bergen, Norway|Bergen]], the most important of which [[Hatlestad Slide|occurred in Hatlestad]]. One person was killed immediately, at least nine others were injured, and numerous homes were destroyed. Marine interests were also affected, as a large number of [[ferry|ferries]] were docked in the [[Baltic Sea]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.terradaily.com/news/hurricane-05zzv.html |title=Weakened Hurricane Maria Leaves One Dead In Norway |publisher=Terradaily.com |access-date=2009-05-31}}</ref> On September 18, a woman died of injuries. Her daughter died on February 7, 2006, after having been kept alive in a respirator since the accident.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aftenposten.no/english/local/article1216890.ece |title=Child's life comes to an end - Aftenposten.no |publisher=Aftenposten.no<! |access-date=2009-05-31 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060214150431/http://www.aftenposten.no/english/local/article1216890.ece |archive-date=February 14, 2006 }}</ref> After the storm, kr18.8 million ([[Norwegian krone|2005 NOK]], $3.1 million in [[United States dollar|2005 USD]]) in compensation was given for the damage.<ref>{{cite web|author=Bergens Tidende |url=http://www.bt.no/lokalt/bergen/article321456.ece |title=Bergen får 18 millioner for uværskader - bt.no |publisher=bt.no<! |access-date=2009-05-31 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930014452/http://www.bt.no/lokalt/bergen/article321456.ece |archive-date=2007-09-30 }}</ref> |
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When Maria developed on September 2, it was the earliest ever in a season that the 13th named tropical storm developed, beating the previous record held by Hurricane Thirteen of the [[1933 Atlantic hurricane season|1933 season]] by six days. This record has since been broken by [[Hurricane Marco (2020)|Hurricane Marco]] in [[2020 Atlantic hurricane season|2020]]. |
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==See also== |
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{{Portal|Tropical cyclones}} |
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*[[Tropical cyclone effects in Europe]] |
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*[[Tropical Storm Maria|Other storms with the same name]] |
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*[[List of Category 3 Atlantic hurricanes]] |
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*[[List of New Jersey hurricanes]] |
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*[[Hurricane Kate (2003)]] |
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==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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==External links== |
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{{Commons category}} |
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{{wikinews| Hurricane Maria forms in Atlantic}} |
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* {{NHC TCR url|id=AL142005_Maria|title=NHC's Tropical Cyclone Report on Hurricane Maria}} |
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* [http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/refresh/MARIA+shtml/ NHC's archive on Hurricane Maria] |
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{{clear}} |
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{{2005 Atlantic hurricane season buttons}} |
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{{Category 3 Atlantic hurricanes}} |
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{{Good article}} |
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[[Category:2005 Atlantic hurricane season|Maria (2005)]] |
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[[Category:2005 in Norway]] |
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[[Category:2005 in Scotland]] |
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[[Category:Cape Verde hurricanes|Maria (2005)]] |
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[[Category:Category 3 Atlantic hurricanes|Maria (2005)]] |
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[[Category:Hurricanes in Europe|Maria (2005)]] |
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[[Category:September 2005 events in Europe]] |
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[[Category:Tropical cyclones in 2005|Maria]] |
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Latest revision as of 17:07, 30 August 2024
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