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{{Short description|Romanian communist politician and historian}}
{{Infobox officeholder
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Petre Constantinescu-Iași
| name = Petre Constantinescu-Iași
| native_name_lang =
| native_name_lang =
| image =
| image = Petre Constantinescu-Iasi1.jpg
| imagesize =
| imagesize =
| caption =
| caption =
| office1 = Minster of Information
| office1 = Minister of Information
| primeminister1 = [[Petru Groza]]
| primeminister1 = [[Petru Groza]]
| term_start1 = 6 March 1945
| term_start1 = 6 March 1945
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| successor1 =
| successor1 =
| birth_date = {{birth date|1892|11|25|df=y}}
| birth_date = {{birth date|1892|11|25|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Iaşi]], [[Kingdom of Romania]]
| birth_place = [[Iași]], [[Kingdom of Romania]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1977|12|01|1892|11|25|df=y}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|1977|12|01|1892|11|25|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Bucharest]], [[Romania]]
| death_place = [[Bucharest]], [[Romania]]
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| occupation = Historian
| occupation = Historian
}}
}}
'''Petre Constantinescu-Iași''' (25 November 1892 – 1 December 1977) was a Romanian historian, academic and communist politician.
'''Petre Constantinescu-Iași''' (25 November 1892 – 1 December 1977) was a [[Romania]]n historian, academic and communist politician.


== Biography ==
== Biography ==


=== Early life and education ===
=== Early life and education ===
Petre Constantinescu was born in the city of Iași, in a modest family of teachers. He completed his elementary studies in his hometown, where he also attended the National High School, from which he graduated in 1911. He then studied at the Faculty of Letters and Philosophy of the [[Alexandru Ioan Cuza University|University of Iași]].
Petre Constantinescu was born in the city of [[Iași]], in a modest family of teachers. He completed his elementary studies in his hometown, where he also attended the [[National College (Iași)|National High School]], from which he graduated in 1911. He then studied at the Faculty of Letters and Philosophy of the [[Alexandru Ioan Cuza University|University of Iași]].


Initiated in socialist ideas from high school, Constantinescu-Iași joined the [[Social Democratic Party of Romania (1910–1918)|Social Democratic Party]], the local organization in Iași, in 1910. Between the years 1914-1916, he actively participated in the actions of PSD and trade unions in Romania. In 1921, he became a founding member of the [[Romanian Communist Party]] (PCR). During the interwar period he was part of the leadership of some legal mass organizations, created and led by the PCR.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=AGERPRES |title=O PERSONALITATE PE ZI: Petre Constantinescu-Iași, istoric și om politic |url=http://www.agerpres.ro/documentare/2019/11/25/o-personalitate-pe-zi-petre-constantinescu-iasi-istoric-si-om-politic--409008 |access-date=2022-11-12 |website=www.agerpres.ro |language=ro}}</ref>
Initiated in socialist ideas from high school, Constantinescu-Iași joined the [[Social Democratic Party of Romania (1910–1918)|Social Democratic Party]], the local organization in Iași, in 1910. Between the years 1914–1916, he actively participated in the actions of PSD and trade unions in Romania. In 1921, he became a founding member of the [[Romanian Communist Party]] (PCR). During the interwar period he was part of the leadership of some legal mass organizations, created and led by the PCR.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |work=[[Agerpres]] |title=O personalitate pe zi: Petre Constantinescu-Iași, istoric și om politic |url=http://www.agerpres.ro/documentare/2019/11/25/o-personalitate-pe-zi-petre-constantinescu-iasi-istoric-si-om-politic--409008 |date=November 25, 2019 |access-date=May 29, 2023 |language=ro}}</ref>


After graduating from university, he worked as a secondary teacher at the high schools in Iași, Huși and Bârlad and professor at the [[University of Iași]].
After graduating from university, he worked as a secondary teacher at high schools in Iași, Huși, and Bârlad and as a professor at the University of Iași.


=== Interwar activism ===
=== Interwar activism ===
Constantinescu-Iași took part in the establishment of the National Anti-Fascist Committee in 1933 and other legal organizations to fight against the growing fascist movement. Because of his anti-fascist activity, starting in 1936 he was arrested and tried several times, being imprisoned for several years in the prisons of Doftana, Miercurea Ciuc and Târgu Jiu.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Pena |first=Cătălin |title=Azi era ziua unui comunist român din 1921, conducător al Uniunii Patrioților |url=https://evenimentulistoric.ro/azi-era-ziua-unui-comunist-roman-din-1921-conducator-al-uniunii-patriotilor.html |access-date=2022-11-12 |website=www.evenimentulistoric.ro |language=ro-RO}}</ref>
Constantinescu-Iași took part in the establishment of the National Anti-Fascist Committee in 1933 and other legal organizations to fight against the growing fascist movement. Because of his anti-fascist activity, starting in 1936 he was arrested and tried several times, being imprisoned for several years in the prisons of [[Doftana prison|Doftana]], Miercurea Ciuc, and [[Târgu Jiu internment camp|Târgu Jiu]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Pena |first=Cătălin |title=Azi era ziua unui comunist român din 1921, conducător al Uniunii Patrioților |url=https://evenimentulistoric.ro/azi-era-ziua-unui-comunist-roman-din-1921-conducator-al-uniunii-patriotilor.html |access-date=2022-11-12 |website=www.evenimentulistoric.ro |language=ro-RO}}</ref>


He was a founding member of the [[Amicii URSS|Friends of the USSR association]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Adrian Cioroianu: Pe umerii lui Marx |url=https://atelier.liternet.ro/articol/3431/Adrian-Cioroianu/Pe-umerii-lui-Marx.html |access-date=2022-11-12 |website=LiterNet |language=ro}}</ref> He also carried out an intense publicity activity in the service of the PCR policy, campaigning for the takeover of power by the communists. During the [[Ion Antonescu|Antonescu]] regime, Constantinescu-Iași was involved in the achievement of the unity of the anti-fascist forces, actively participating in the preparation of the [[1944 Romanian coup d'état|coup d'état of 23 August 1944]].
He was a founding member of the [[Amicii URSS|Friends of the USSR association]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Adrian Cioroianu: Pe umerii lui Marx |url=https://atelier.liternet.ro/articol/3431/Adrian-Cioroianu/Pe-umerii-lui-Marx.html |access-date=2022-11-12 |website=LiterNet |language=ro}}</ref> He also carried out an intense publicity activity in the service of the PCR policy, campaigning for the takeover of power by the communists. During the [[Ion Antonescu|Antonescu]] regime, Constantinescu-Iași was involved in the achievement of the unity of the anti-fascist forces, actively participating in the preparation of the [[1944 Romanian coup d'état|coup d'état of 23 August 1944]].
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After the takeover of power by the Romanian Communist Party, he held positions of great importance for the establishment and consolidation of the communist regime in Romania. First, he was Minister of Propaganda (from 5 March 1946, Minister of Information) in the Government of [[First Groza cabinet|first government]] of [[Petru Groza]] from 6 March 1945 to 30 November 1946.<ref name=":0" />
After the takeover of power by the Romanian Communist Party, he held positions of great importance for the establishment and consolidation of the communist regime in Romania. First, he was Minister of Propaganda (from 5 March 1946, Minister of Information) in the Government of [[First Groza cabinet|first government]] of [[Petru Groza]] from 6 March 1945 to 30 November 1946.<ref name=":0" />


In 1948 he was elected as vice-president of the first Presidium of the [[Great National Assembly]]. As a deputy, he was president of the Romanian Group of the Interparliamentary Union; member of the World Interparliamentary Council; member of the National Antifascist Committee and vice-president of the same committee in Romania.
In 1948 he was elected as vice-president of the first Presidium of the [[Great National Assembly (Socialist Republic of Romania)|Great National Assembly]]. As a deputy, he was president of the Romanian Group of the Interparliamentary Union; member of the World Interparliamentary Council; member of the National Antifascist Committee and vice-president of the same committee in Romania.


In 1948 he was also elected a member of the [[Romanian Academy]]. He was also elected a member of the Academy of Social and Political Sciences of the RSR, as well as a corresponding member of the [[Bulgarian Academy of Sciences]].<ref name=":0" />
In 1948 he was also elected a member of the [[Romanian Academy]]. He was also elected a member of the Academy of Social and Political Sciences of the RSR, as well as a corresponding member of the [[Bulgarian Academy of Sciences]].<ref name=":0" />


Between January 28, 1953 and March 19, 1957, Constantinescu-Iași held the position of Minister of Religions in the governments of [[Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej]] and [[Chivu Stoica]].
Between January 28, 1953, and March 19, 1957, Constantinescu-Iași held the position of Minister of Religions in the governments of [[Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej]] and [[Chivu Stoica]].


For his political and cultural activity, he was awarded the titles of "Hero of the Socialist Republic of Romania", "Hero of Socialist Labor" and other distinctions.<ref name=":2" />
For his political and cultural activity, he was awarded the titles of "Hero of the Socialist Republic of Romania", "Hero of Socialist Labor" and other distinctions.<ref name=":2" />


== Works ==
== Works ==
As a specialist in the modern and contemporary history of Romania, he made numerous contributions in the history of Romanian art and the Balkan peoples, in the study of the cultural and political relations of the Romanian people with neighboring peoples, as well as in the history of the labor movement and the history of the PCR, especially in the period 1933-1937. His studies ushered in research on the mass organizations led by the PCR, creating the basis for works on the history of the labor and socialist movements.
As a specialist in the modern and contemporary history of Romania, he made numerous contributions in the history of Romanian art and the Balkan peoples, in the study of the cultural and political relations of the Romanian people with neighboring peoples, as well as in the history of the labor movement and the history of the PCR, especially in the period 1933–1937. His studies ushered in research on the mass organizations led by the PCR, creating the basis for works on the history of the labor and socialist movements.


Petre Constantinescu-Iași is the author of over 100 scientific works published in the field of Romanian history, among which we mention the following:
Petre Constantinescu-Iași is the author of over 100 scientific works published in the field of Romanian history, among which we mention the following:
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{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Constantinescu-Iași, Petre}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Constantinescu-Iași, Petre}}
[[Category:1892 births]]
[[Category:1892 births]]
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[[Category:Romanian Marxists]]
[[Category:Romanian Marxists]]
[[Category:Romanian Marxist historians]]
[[Category:Romanian Marxist historians]]
[[Category:Romanian communists]]
[[Category:Titular members of the Romanian Academy]]
[[Category:Members of the Romanian Academy]]
[[Category:Social Democratic Party of Romania (1910–1918) politicians]]
[[Category:Social Democratic Party of Romania (1910–1918) politicians]]
[[Category:Moscow State University faculty]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Moscow State University]]
[[Category:Alexandru Ioan Cuza University faculty]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Alexandru Ioan Cuza University]]
[[Category:Romanian art historians]]
[[Category:Inmates of Doftana prison]]
[[Category:Romanian prisoners and detainees]]

Latest revision as of 06:46, 31 August 2024

Petre Constantinescu-Iași
Minister of Information
In office
6 March 1945 – 30 November 1946
Prime MinisterPetru Groza
Minister of Cults
In office
28 January 1952 – 19 March 1957
Prime MinisterGheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej
Personal details
Born(1892-11-25)25 November 1892
Iași, Kingdom of Romania
Died1 December 1977(1977-12-01) (aged 85)
Bucharest, Romania
Political partyRomanian Communist Party
Other political
affiliations		Social Democratic Party of Romania
National Popular Party
OccupationHistorian

Petre Constantinescu-Iași (25 November 1892 – 1 December 1977) was a Romanian historian, academic and communist politician.

Biography

[edit]

Early life and education

[edit]

Petre Constantinescu was born in the city of Iași, in a modest family of teachers. He completed his elementary studies in his hometown, where he also attended the National High School, from which he graduated in 1911. He then studied at the Faculty of Letters and Philosophy of the University of Iași.

Initiated in socialist ideas from high school, Constantinescu-Iași joined the Social Democratic Party, the local organization in Iași, in 1910. Between the years 1914–1916, he actively participated in the actions of PSD and trade unions in Romania. In 1921, he became a founding member of the Romanian Communist Party (PCR). During the interwar period he was part of the leadership of some legal mass organizations, created and led by the PCR.[1]

After graduating from university, he worked as a secondary teacher at high schools in Iași, Huși, and Bârlad and as a professor at the University of Iași.

Interwar activism

[edit]

Constantinescu-Iași took part in the establishment of the National Anti-Fascist Committee in 1933 and other legal organizations to fight against the growing fascist movement. Because of his anti-fascist activity, starting in 1936 he was arrested and tried several times, being imprisoned for several years in the prisons of Doftana, Miercurea Ciuc, and Târgu Jiu.[2]

He was a founding member of the Friends of the USSR association.[3] He also carried out an intense publicity activity in the service of the PCR policy, campaigning for the takeover of power by the communists. During the Antonescu regime, Constantinescu-Iași was involved in the achievement of the unity of the anti-fascist forces, actively participating in the preparation of the coup d'état of 23 August 1944.

Government official

[edit]

After the takeover of power by the Romanian Communist Party, he held positions of great importance for the establishment and consolidation of the communist regime in Romania. First, he was Minister of Propaganda (from 5 March 1946, Minister of Information) in the Government of first government of Petru Groza from 6 March 1945 to 30 November 1946.[1]

In 1948 he was elected as vice-president of the first Presidium of the Great National Assembly. As a deputy, he was president of the Romanian Group of the Interparliamentary Union; member of the World Interparliamentary Council; member of the National Antifascist Committee and vice-president of the same committee in Romania.

In 1948 he was also elected a member of the Romanian Academy. He was also elected a member of the Academy of Social and Political Sciences of the RSR, as well as a corresponding member of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences.[1]

Between January 28, 1953, and March 19, 1957, Constantinescu-Iași held the position of Minister of Religions in the governments of Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej and Chivu Stoica.

For his political and cultural activity, he was awarded the titles of "Hero of the Socialist Republic of Romania", "Hero of Socialist Labor" and other distinctions.[2]

Works

[edit]

As a specialist in the modern and contemporary history of Romania, he made numerous contributions in the history of Romanian art and the Balkan peoples, in the study of the cultural and political relations of the Romanian people with neighboring peoples, as well as in the history of the labor movement and the history of the PCR, especially in the period 1933–1937. His studies ushered in research on the mass organizations led by the PCR, creating the basis for works on the history of the labor and socialist movements.

Petre Constantinescu-Iași is the author of over 100 scientific works published in the field of Romanian history, among which we mention the following:

  • Rolul României în epoca de regenerare a Bulgariei (1919)
  • Unde duce colaborarea. Pagini de istorie contemporană (1921)
  • Istoria artei bizantine (1927)
  • Evoluția stilului moldovenesc (1927)
  • Istoria artei creștine din apus (1929)
  • Tipărituri vechi românești necunoscute (1931)
  • Românii și bulgarii (1945)
  • Intelectualii și revoluția de la 1848 în Principatele Române (1948)
  • Organizații de masă legale conduse de Partidul Comunist în anii 1932 - 1938 (1952)
  • Relații culturale româno-ruse din trecut (1954)
  • Studii istorice româno-bulgare (1956)
  • Unirea țărilor române în artele plastice (1959)
  • Lucrări și publicații din România despre Revoluția Socialistă din Octombrie (1967)
  • Lupta pentru formarea Frontului Popular în România (1968)
  • Pagini de luptă din trecut. 1914-1936 (1972)
  • De la eliberare la socialism. 1944-1955 (1973)
  • În anii socialismului victorios (1976)

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c "O personalitate pe zi: Petre Constantinescu-Iași, istoric și om politic". Agerpres (in Romanian). November 25, 2019. Retrieved May 29, 2023.
  2. ^ a b Pena, Cătălin. "Azi era ziua unui comunist român din 1921, conducător al Uniunii Patrioților". www.evenimentulistoric.ro (in Romanian). Retrieved 2022-11-12.
  3. ^ "Adrian Cioroianu: Pe umerii lui Marx". LiterNet (in Romanian). Retrieved 2022-11-12.
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