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{{Short description|Marketing Consultant}}
{{Advert|date=September 2010}}
{{Infobox scientist
{{Infobox person
| name = Clotaire Rapaille
| name = G. Clotaire Rapaille
| image =
| image =
| alt =
| caption = On August 5, 2006 in Tuxedo Park, NY.
| caption = Rapaille (2005)
| birth_date = {{birth date|1941|8|5|df=y}}
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1941|8|5}}
| birth_place = [[Paris]], France
| birth_place =
| death_date = <!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} or {{Death-date and age|death date†|birth date†}} -->
| citizenship =
| death_place =
| nationality = [[France|French]]
| nationality = French
| fields = [[Medical anthropology]]
| occupation = [[Marketing]]
| known_for =
| spouse = *Missy de Bellis<ref>{{cite web|url=http://issuu.com/palmbeachtodayinternational/docs/feb6__2013|title=Palm Beach Today International Feb. 6, 2013|date=6 February 2013 |publisher=}}</ref> who also goes by the name Missy de Bellis Rapaille de St. Roch<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.palmbeachdailynews.com/news/lifestyles/home/beyond-the-hedges-getting-to-the-root-of-a-palm-be/nP37Y/|title=Beyond the Hedges: Getting to the root of a Palm Beach sale|publisher=}}</ref><br />
*Patricia Fitoussi Rapaille of [[Boca Raton, Florida]] <small>(ex-wife)</small>
| known_for =
}}
}}
'''Gilbert Clotaire Rapaille''', known as '''G. Clotaire Rapaille''', is a French marketing consultant and the CEO and Founder of Archetype Discoveries Worldwide.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.archetypediscoveries.com/who-we-are/|title=Who We Are - Archetype Discoveries Worldwide|publisher=|access-date=2015-05-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150530200217/http://www.archetypediscoveries.com/who-we-are/|archive-date=2015-05-30|url-status=dead}}</ref> Rapaille is also an author, who has published on topics in psychology, marketing, sociology and cultural anthropology.
'''G Clotaire Rapaille''', or Gilbert Clotaire Rapaille, is a marketing specialist. Born in France, he has a doctorate from La Sorbonne. He moved to the United States in the early 80s. Rapaille is also the CEO and Founder of Archetype Discoveries Worldwide, located in [[Palm Beach, Florida]].


==Early life and education==
According to archived versions of his website, "Dr. Rapaille's technique for market research has grown out of his work in the areas of psychiatry, psychology, and cultural anthropology" and he "received a Masters of Political Science, a Masters of Psychology, and a Doctorate of Medical Anthropology from the Universite De Paris - Sorbonne."<ref>{{Wayback |date=20080216031945 |url=http://www.archetypediscoveriesworldwide.com |title=Version of www.archetypediscoveriesworldwide.com }}</ref>
Rapaille was born in France and immigrated to the United States in the early 80s.


Rapaille attended [[Sciences Po|The Paris Institute of Political Sciences]] for a degree in Political and Social Sciences and later went on to receive a PhD in Social Psychology from [[Paris-Sorbonne University]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.archetypediscoveries.com/biography/|title=Dr. Rapaille's Biography - Archetype Discoveries Worldwide|publisher=|access-date=2015-05-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150530200126/http://www.archetypediscoveries.com/biography/|archive-date=2015-05-30|url-status=dead}}</ref>
However, several elements of his biography, including his client list and the field of his doctorate, were challenged in an investigation conducted by the newspaper [[Le Soleil (Quebec)|Le Soleil]] in March 2010, following the award of a controversial contract to Rapaille by the city of [[Quebec City|Quebec]].<ref>[http://www.cyberpresse.ca/le-soleil/dossiers/quebec-et-son-image/201003/27/01-4264884-clotaire-rapaille-decrypte-un-homme-et-sa-legende.php Clotaire Rapaille décrypté: un homme et sa légende], Le Soleil, March 27, 2010. Quote: "But the incongruities are not limited to his childhood. It is enough to look at his biography to discover several contradictions. Beginning with his doctorate. In the United States, he describes himself as a doctor of medical anthropology. However, in his books ''La relation créatrice'' and ''Je t'aime je ne t'aime pas'', published in France in 1973 and 1974, he held himself out instead as a doctor of psychology."</ref><ref>[http://www.cyberpresse.ca/le-soleil/dossiers/quebec-et-son-image/201003/27/01-4264886-premier-contrat-dans-le-public-pour-rapaille.php Premier contrat dans le public pour Rapaille], Le Soleil, March 27, 2010.</ref> Though the inaccuracies in his résumé may have been publicly cited as a reason to cancel his contract, it more likely had to do with the conclusions of his research.<ref>[http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/quebecs-psychic-profile-a-sadomasochist-with-a-reptilian-core/article1210203/], The Globe and Mail, March 11, 2010.</ref>


==Career==
In addition to his books, he is known for advising politicians and advertisers on how to influence people's unconscious decision making. Rapaille's work identifies the unstated needs and wants of people in a certain culture or country as cultural archetypes.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://buffalo.bizjournals.com/buffalo/stories/2000/05/08/story2.html | first=Tom | last=Hartley | title=Cruisin' for the right look | date=2000-05-08}}</ref>
In addition to his books, he is known for advising politicians and advertisers on how to influence people's unconscious decision making. Rapaille's work identifies the unstated needs and wants of people in a certain culture or country as cultural archetypes.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://buffalo.bizjournals.com/buffalo/stories/2000/05/08/story2.html | first=Tom | last=Hartley | title=Cruisin' for the right look | date=2000-05-08}}</ref>


Rapaille developed his theory on the brain after working as a psychologist for autistic children and studying [[Konrad Lorenz]] theory of [[Imprint (trade name)|Imprint]]s and [[John Bowlby]] theory of [[Attachment theory|attachment]].<ref name="web.archive.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.randomhouse.com/broadway/culturecode/influences.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060715203023/http://www.randomhouse.com/broadway/culturecode/influences.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=15 July 2006|title=The Culture Code, by Clotaire Rapaille|date=15 July 2006|publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news| url=https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2002/03/18/319875/index.htm | work=CNN | title=Car Shrinks Forget rear-seat legroom. Automakers have decided that the key to higher sales lies in meeting your deepest emotional needs. Here come the | first=Phil | last=Patton | date=2002-03-18}}</ref> This work led him to believe that while children learn a given word and the idea connected with it, they associate it with certain emotions. He called that primal emotional association an imprint. This imprint determines our attitude towards a particular thing. These pooled individual imprints make up a collective cultural unconscious, which unconsciously pre-organize and influence the behavior of a culture.<ref name="assets.browardpalmbeach.com">{{cite web|url=http://assets.browardpalmbeach.com/content/printVersion/131254|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130118140004/http://assets.browardpalmbeach.com/content/printVersion/131254|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 18, 2013|title=Getting Sleeeepy…|first=Bob|last=Whitby|date=14 September 2000|publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.archetypediscoveriesworldwide.com/learn.html |title=Learn About ADW |access-date=2010-07-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100129033001/http://www.archetypediscoveriesworldwide.com/learn.html |archive-date=2010-01-29 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
==Personal life==
His wife (Patricia Rapaille) owns a house in [[Boca Raton, Florida]] which is for sale{{When|date=May 2011}} for about 12.5 million dollars. But this house was also owned by Dr. Rapaille until 2003.


Rapaille subscribes to the [[triune brain]] theory of [[Paul D. MacLean]], which describes three distinct brains: the [[neocortex|cortex]], [[limbic]], and reptilian. Beneath the cortex, the seat of logic and reason, is the limbic, which houses emotions. Camouflaged underneath those is Rapaille's theorized brain—the reptilian.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fastcompany.com/magazine/104/rapaille.html|title=Crack This Code|date=1 April 2006|publisher=}}</ref>
==Early career==
Rapaille has a master's degree in political science and psychology and a doctorate in medical anthropology from the University of Paris–Sorbonne, and a Doctorate in Psychology.


Rapaille believes that buying decisions are strongly influenced by the reptilian brain, which is made up of the [[brain stem]] and the [[cerebellum]]. Only accessible via the subconscious, the reptilian brain is the home of our intrinsic instincts. It programs us for two major things: survival and reproduction. Rapaille proposes that in a three-way battle between the cortical, the limbic (home of emotion) and the reptilian areas, the reptilian always wins, because survival comes first. This theory has become the basis for his thoughts on what a product means to consumers on the most fundamental level.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.forbes.com/global/2003/0901/034a.html | work=Forbes | title=Mind Games | date=2003-01-09 | first=Melanie | last=Wells}}</ref>
==Theories==


His theory that culture gets imprinted into the "Reptilian Brain" during early childhood<ref name=CultCode>{{cite book |last=Rapaille |first=Clotaire |year=2007 |title=Culture Code |publisher=Broadway |isbn=978-0-76-792057-5}}</ref> has been heavily contradicted by scientific evidence.<ref name=CultStrat>{{cite book |last1=Holt |first1=Douglas|last2=Cameron |first2=Douglas |year=2010 |title=Cultural Strategy |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-958740-7}}</ref> His practice of leading managers into regression sessions to tap into their unconscious in an attempt to discover a "code" word, has also been cited as "primitive" and has been heavily contradicted by scientific evidence.<ref name=CultStrat />
===Imprints===
Dr. Rapaille developed his theory on the brain after working as a psychologist for autistic children and studying [[Konrad Lorenz]] theory of [[Imprints]] and [[John Bowlby]] theory of [[Attachment theory|attachment]].<ref name="web.archive.org">http://web.archive.org/web/20060715203023/www.randomhouse.com/broadway/culturecode/influences.html</ref><ref>{{Cite news| url=http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2002/03/18/319875/index.htm | work=CNN | title=Car Shrinks Forget rear-seat legroom. Automakers have decided that the key to higher sales lies in meeting your deepest emotional needs. Here come the | first=Phil | last=Patton | date=2002-03-18}}</ref> This work led him to believe that while children learn a given word and the idea connected with it, they associate it with certain emotions. He called that primal emotional association an imprint. This imprint determines our attitude towards a particular thing. These pooled individual imprints make up a collective cultural unconscious, which unconsciously pre-organize and influence the behavior of a culture.<ref name="assets.browardpalmbeach.com">http://assets.browardpalmbeach.com/content/printVersion/131254</ref><ref>http://www.archetypediscoveriesworldwide.com/learn.html</ref>


In the opening of his book, 7 Secrets of Marketing, he says, "Cultures, like individuals, have an unconscious. This unconscious is active in each of us, making us do things we might not be aware of."<ref>G. Clotaire Rapaille, 7 Secrets of Marketing, 9.</ref> This collective cultural unconscious can be further defined as a pool of shared imprinting experiences that unconsciously pre-organize and influence the behavior of a culture.<ref name="promenadespeakers.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.promenadespeakers.com/page8.html |title=Promenade Speakers Bureau LLC - Clotaire Rapaille - Archetype Speaker, Author of Culture Code |accessdate=2010-06-09 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715122858/http://www.promenadespeakers.com/page8.html |archivedate=2011-07-15 }}</ref>
===Reptilian Brain===
Rapaille subscribes to the [[triune brain]] theory of [[Paul D. MacLean]], which describes three distinct brains: the [[neocortex|cortex]], [[limbic]], and reptilian. Beneath the cortex, the seat of logic and reason, is the limbic, which houses emotions. Camouflaged underneath those is Rapaille's theorized brain—the reptilian.<ref>http://www.fastcompany.com/magazine/104/rapaille.html</ref>


Rapaille's claim of technique of "archetype discovery" stems from the psychoanalytic methods pioneered by the Viennese psychologist [[Ernest Dichter]]. This technique doesn't ask what people want, but why they want it.<ref name="creativityatwork.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.creativityatwork.com/Newsletters/Aug00ReptilianBrain.html|title=The Reptilian brain always wins in the marketplace|date=10 August 2000|publisher=}}</ref> These research methods focus on finding what he calls the “code”, the unconscious meaning people give to a particular product, service or relationship.<ref>Rapaille. "Marketing to the Reptilian Brain." Forbes 03 July 2006: 44. Business Source Premier. EBSCO. Web. 15 June 2010.</ref> Rapaille posits that sublimated emotional memories occupy a place between each individual's unconscious ([[Freud]]) and the collective unconscious of the entire human race ([[Jung]]).<ref name="creativityatwork.com"/>
Rapaille believes that buying decisions are strongly influenced by the reptilian brain, which is made up of the [[brain stem]] and the [[cerebellum]]. Only accessible via the subconscious, the reptilian brain is the home of our intrinsic instincts. It programs us for two major things: survival and reproduction. Rapaille proposes that in a three-way battle between the cortical, the limbic (home of emotion) and the reptilian areas, the reptilian always wins, because survival comes first. This theory has become the basis for his thoughts on what a product means to consumers on the most fundamental level.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.forbes.com/global/2003/0901/034a.html | work=Forbes | title=Mind Games | date=2003-01-09 | first=Melanie | last=Wells}}</ref>


Rapaille appeared in a ''[[Frontline (U.S. TV series)|Frontline]]'' [[List of Frontline (PBS) episodes#Season 22|episode]] about [[marketing]] entitled "The Persuaders", which first aired on November 9, 2004 on [[PBS]] in the United States.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/persuaders/view/|title=The Persuaders|website=[[PBS]]|publisher=}}</ref>
His theory that culture get imprinted into the "Reptilian Brain" during early childhood<ref name=CultCode>{{cite book |last=Rapaille |first=Clotaire |year=2007 |title=Culture Code |publisher=Broadway |isbn=978-0-76-792057-5}}</ref> has been heavily contradicted by scientific evidence.<ref name=CultStrat>{{cite book |last=Holt |last=Cameron |first=Douglas |year=2010 |title=Cultural Strategy |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-958740-7}}</ref> His practice of leading managers into regression sessions to tap into their unconscious in an attempt to discover a "code" word, has also been cited as "primitive" and has been heavily contradicted by scientific evidence.<ref name=CultStrat />


==Published works==
===Collective Cultural Unconscious===
* "The Global Code: How a New Culture of Universal Values Is Reshaping Business and Marketing", 2015
His consumer research seeks to understand what Dr. Rapaille has identified as the "collective cultural unconscious".<ref name="promenadespeakers.com">http://www.promenadespeakers.com/page8.html</ref>
* "Move UP", English edition, Penguin UK, 2015
In the opening of his book, 7 Secrets of Marketing, he says, "Cultures, like individuals, have an unconscious. This unconscious is active in each of us, making us do things we might not be aware of." <ref>G. Clotaire Rapaille, 7 Secrets of Marketing, 9.</ref> This collective cultural unconscious can be further defined as a pool of shared imprinting experiences that unconsciously pre-organize and influence the behavior of a culture.<ref name="promenadespeakers.com"/>
* "El Verbo De Las Culturas" Taurus, 2015

* ''The Culture Code'', Crown Publishing, 2007
==Research Methods==
* ''Seven Secrets of Marketing in a Multi*Cultural World'' First Edition. Executive Excellence, Utah 2001, in English; Second Edition. Tuxedo Productions, New York 2004 in English<ref>{{Cite book|title=7 Secrets of Marketing in a Multi-Cultural World|first=Clotaire|last=Rapaille|date=1 February 2001|publisher=Executive Excellence Publishing|isbn=978-1890009748|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/7secretsofmarket00gclo}}</ref>
Rapaille's claim of technique of "archetype discovery" stems from the psychoanalytic methods pioneered by the Viennese psychologist [[Ernest Dichter]]. This technique doesn't ask what people want, but why.<ref name="creativityatwork.com">http://www.creativityatwork.com/Newsletters/Aug00ReptilianBrain.html</ref> These research methods focus on finding what he calls the “code”, the unconscious meaning people give to a particular product, service or relationship.<ref>Rapaille. "Marketing to the Reptilian Brain." Forbes 03 July 2006: 44. Business Source Premier. EBSCO. Web. 15 June 2010.</ref> Rapaille posits that sublimated emotional memories occupy a place between each individual's unconscious ([[Freud]]) and the collective unconscious of the entire human race ([[Jung]]).<ref name="creativityatwork.com"/>
* ''Social Cancer (the code for Terrorism)'' Tuxedo Productions, New York 2003, in English<ref>{{cite book |isbn=978-0974016825}}</ref>

* ''Versteh' Deine Eltern'', Bucher, Munich 1984, in German
==Controversy==
* ''Comprendre Ses Parents Et Ses Grands Parents'' Marabout, Paris 1982, in French

Rapaille was hired in February 2010, at the approximate cost of $300,000, by [[Quebec City]]'s mayor Régis Labeaume to analyze the city's image on an international level.
But an article published by Pierre-André Normandin in [[Le Soleil (Quebec)|Le Soleil de Québec]] revealed that Rapaille's client list and CV contained several falsehoods and exaggerations.<ref>[http://www.cyberpresse.ca/le-soleil/dossiers/quebec-et-son-image/201003/27/01-4264886-premier-contrat-dans-le-public-pour-rapaille.php Premier contrat dans le public pour Rapaille], Le Soleil, March 27, 2010.
Quote: "At the beginning of February, the Frenchman and naturalized American went before the Quebec City press to try to quiet the controversy surrounding his $250,000 contract (plus $20,000 in expenses). In the meeting, he explained that he'd worked for several big cities, ranging from Singapore to Dubai (United Arab Emirates) to Macao (China), not to mention Paris (France) and Venice (Italy). [...] Except that no cities appear in his client list, available on his website. An omission which is easy to explain: 'It wasn't for the mayor, it was for clients,' he admitted in an interview with Le Soleil while he was in Quebec City this week. 'Working directly for the mayor, yes, it's the first time.' In fact, his work for a group of companies was not so much to improve the cities' images as to break the 'codes' of the city-states of Hong Kong and Macao, in China, Dubai in the United Arab Emirates, and Singapore. Of all the clients named by Clotaire Rapaille on his website, there is only one government: that of French president Georges Pompidou. But how could his company, which was founded in 1976, have been hired by a statesman who died in 1974? Asked this, Clotaire Rapaille admitted that he did not work for the government, but instead for the foundation created in 1970 by the president's wife Claude Pompidou. [...] Clotaire Rapaille's client list contains more than 75 company names, including AT&T, Boeing, Pepsi, IBM, GM and Procter & Gamble, to name but a few. Though it was not possible to verify these companies individually, a former executive at Chrysler told Le Soleil how Rapaille had managed to put together an address book like that. [...] In fact, here is how the Frenchman by birth was able to obtain such an impressive list of clients. Rather than hiring him directly, 'non-competing' companies would come together to decipher some code."
</ref> Following those revelations his contract with [[Quebec City]] was terminated. The mayor terminated his contract early on March 29, 2010. Although he did not deliver, he negotiated with the city and got paid almost the entire sum.

Rapaille stated during his investigation he said that the city of Quebec has a masochistic side to it. He also claimed his mother listened to [[Félix Leclerc]] during WW2, before Felix Leclerc (a French-Canadian singer-songwriter and political activist) recorded his first album in 1951.<ref>[http://www.montrealgazette.com/business/Quebec+mayor+sacks+French+marketing+whiz+being+failure/2741831/story.html Quebec's mayor sacks French marketing whiz for being 'a failure'], ''[[The Montreal Gazette]]'', March 30, 2010. [http://phylliscartersjournal.blogspot.com/2010/03/psychic-rapaille-rip-off-no-surprise.html] "It was claims about himself that proved to be problematic, including about his war record.
The Quebec City daily Le Soleil checked his claims and found discrepancies.
In his first meeting with Quebec City reporters in February, Rapaille said his attachment to the province dates back to his wartime years in France.
His father and grandfather were taken away by the Nazis, he recalled, and he listened to the records of Quebec singer Felix Leclerc, who became his spiritual father.
But Rapaille was only four in 1945 when the war ended and Leclerc only became known in France after 1950.
He has given varying accounts of the Liberation of France in 1944, when he was three, telling different interviewers that he rode an American tank in Normandy.
In another version, he got his first taste of chocolate – which he still remembers – from a American G.I., as U.S. soldiers were known in the Second World War.
In an alternate version, a G.I. gave him his first taste of chewing gum.
And in a third version, Rapaille dedicated his 2006 book Culture Codes 'to that G.I., leaning from his tank, who gave me chocolate and chewing gum two weeks after the invasion.'
Trouble is, Rapaille also admits that at the time he was living in Paris, which was liberated onl two months later."</ref>

==Rapaille and the tobacco industry==

Rapaille Associates worked on [[Altria Group|Philip Morris]]'s Archetype Project, an effort to study the emotional reasons why people smoke, presumably so the company could better leverage these emotions in advertising and promotions. Rapaille noted that typically peoples' first experience with smoking involved seeing an admired adult do it, and having feeling that that they were excluded from the activity and strongly wanting to be included. Rapaille ultimately linked smoking with adult initiation rituals, risk taking, bonding with peers and the need for kids to feel like they belong to a group and can partake in an "adult activity." His study states,

:"The first imprinting of smoking is that adults do it, and I'm excluded...A critical element at this stage is the fact that the individual is on the 'outside,' excluded..."

Rapaille's report recommended to PM's marketing department the following findings:

Recommendations based on the Archetype:

*Stress that smoking is for adults only
*Make it difficult for minors to obtain cigarettes
*Continue having smoking perceived as a legitimate, albeit morally ambiguous adult activity. Smoking should occupy the middle ground between activities that everyone can partake in vs. activities that only the fringe of society embraces.
*Stress that smoking is dangerous. Smoking is for people who like to take risks, who are not afraid of taboos, who take life as an adventure to prove themselves.
*Emphasize the ritualistic elements of smoking, particularly fire and smoke.
*Emphasize the individualism/conformity dichotomy Stress the popularity of a brand, that choosing it will reinforce your identity AND your integration into the group.

Rapaille's recommendations explain why PM supports—and advertises widely that it supports—restricting sales cigarette sales to minors and moving cigarettes out of reach of kids.<ref>[http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/vlx52c00]</ref>

==Published Works==
* ''Culture Codes'', published the 9th of April 2008<ref>[http://www.amazon.fr/Culture-Codes-Clotaire-Rapaille/dp/2709629038 Culture Codes]</ref>
* ''Seven Secrets of Marketing in a Multi*Cultural World''First Edition. Executive Excellence, Utah 2001 in English; Second Edition. Tuxedo Productions, New York 2004 in English<ref>http://www.amazon.com/7-Secrets-Marketing-Multi-Cultural-World/dp/1890009741/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1338396339&sr=1-1</ref>
* ''Social Cancer (the code for Terrorism)''Tuxedo Productions, New York 2003, in English<ref>http://www.amazon.com/Social-Cancer-Decoding-Archetype-Terrorism/dp/0974016829/ref=sr_1_fkmr0_2?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1338487345&sr=1-2-fkmr0</ref>
* ''Versteh' Deine ElternBucher'', Munich, 1984, in German
* ''Comprendre Ses Parents Et Ses Grands Parents''Marabout, Paris, 1982 in French
* ''Escuchelo: Es Su HijoPomaire'', Colección Libre, Barcelona 1981, in Spanish
* ''Escuchelo: Es Su HijoPomaire'', Colección Libre, Barcelona 1981, in Spanish
* ''Le Trouple'' Editions Menges, Paris, 1980, in French
* ''Le Trouple'' Editions Menges, Paris 1980, in French
* ''Si Vous Ecoutiez Vos Enfants'' Editions Menges, Paris, 1978, in French
* ''Si Vous Ecoutiez Vos Enfants'' Editions Menges, Paris 1978, in French
* ''La Communication Créatrice'' Editions Dialogues, Paris, 1976, in French
* ''La Communication Créatrice'' Editions Dialogues, Paris 1976, in French
* ''Wisdom Of Madness'' Thomas Jefferson State College, Michigan State University, manuscript, 1975, in English
* ''Wisdom Of Madness'' Thomas Jefferson State College, Michigan State University, manuscript, 1975, in English
* ''La Relation Creatrice'' Editions Universitaires, Paris, 1973, in French
* ''La Relation Creatrice'' Editions Universitaires, Paris 1973, in French
* ''La Relazione Créatrice'' Cittadella Editrice,1975, in Italian
* ''La Relazione Créatrice'' Cittadella Editrice, 1975, in Italian
* ''Laing'' Editions Universitaires, Paris, 1972 in French
* ''Laing'' Editions Universitaires, Paris 1972, in French
* ''Analyse des Pratiques Medicales et des Croyances Liées a la Maladie et aux Soins Dans Quinze Communautes Cicaraguayennes'' Thesis Paris, Sorbonne, 1969 (220 pages) in French<ref>http://www.archetypediscoveriesworldwide.com/en/books</ref>
* ''Analyse des Pratiques Medicales et des Croyances Liées a la Maladie et aux Soins Dans Quinze Communautes Cicaraguayennes'' Thesis Paris, Sorbonne, 1969 (220 pages) in French<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.archetypediscoveriesworldwide.com/en/books |title=Archetype Discoveries Worldwide |access-date=2013-02-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602094600/http://www.archetypediscoveriesworldwide.com/en/books |archive-date=2013-06-02 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==See also==
* 2004 [[List of Frontline (PBS) episodes|Frontline episode]] "The Persuaders"


==References==
==References==
<references/>
<references/>
* [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/persuaders/interviews/rapaille.html PBS Interview]
* [http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2005/07/05/60II/main706417.shtml Interview on cbsnews.com]
* [http://lejournaldequebec.canoe.ca/journaldequebec/actualites/quebec/archives/2010/03/20100329-164859.html]


==External links==
==External links==
* [https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/persuaders/interviews/rapaille.html Interview] for "The Persuaders", PBS ''Frontline'', November 9, 2004
* [http://www.archetypediscoveriesworldwide.com/ Clotaire Rapaille's Home Page]
* Rebecca Leung, [https://www.cbsnews.com/news/cracking-open-your-wallet/ Cracking Your Wallet: A Psychologist Demonstrates a Feel for the Market], July 5, 2005, cbsnews.com
*{{official website|http://www.archetypediscoveries.com}} ( Archetype Discoveries Worldwide )
*{{youTube|user=DrClotaireRapaille| Clotaire Rapaille}}
{{Authority control}}


{{Authority control|VIAF=64335737}}

{{Persondata
| NAME = Rapaille, Clotair
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = American writer
| DATE OF BIRTH = August 5, 1941
| PLACE OF BIRTH = Paris, France
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rapaille, Clotair}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rapaille, Clotair}}
[[Category:French emigrants to the United States]]
[[Category:French emigrants to the United States]]
[[Category:American non-fiction writers]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1941 births]]
[[Category:1941 births]]
[[Category:People from Orange County, New York]]
[[Category:People from Palm Beach, Florida]]
[[Category:People from Los Angeles County, California]]
[[Category:Market researchers]]
[[Category:Marketing speakers]]
[[Category:People from Hobe Sound, Florida]]

Latest revision as of 15:32, 31 August 2024

G. Clotaire Rapaille
Born (1941-08-05) August 5, 1941 (age 83)
NationalityFrench
OccupationMarketing
Spouses
  • Missy de Bellis[1] who also goes by the name Missy de Bellis Rapaille de St. Roch[2]
  • Patricia Fitoussi Rapaille of Boca Raton, Florida (ex-wife)

Gilbert Clotaire Rapaille, known as G. Clotaire Rapaille, is a French marketing consultant and the CEO and Founder of Archetype Discoveries Worldwide.[3] Rapaille is also an author, who has published on topics in psychology, marketing, sociology and cultural anthropology.

Early life and education

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Rapaille was born in France and immigrated to the United States in the early 80s.

Rapaille attended The Paris Institute of Political Sciences for a degree in Political and Social Sciences and later went on to receive a PhD in Social Psychology from Paris-Sorbonne University.[4]

Career

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In addition to his books, he is known for advising politicians and advertisers on how to influence people's unconscious decision making. Rapaille's work identifies the unstated needs and wants of people in a certain culture or country as cultural archetypes.[5]

Rapaille developed his theory on the brain after working as a psychologist for autistic children and studying Konrad Lorenz theory of Imprints and John Bowlby theory of attachment.[6][7] This work led him to believe that while children learn a given word and the idea connected with it, they associate it with certain emotions. He called that primal emotional association an imprint. This imprint determines our attitude towards a particular thing. These pooled individual imprints make up a collective cultural unconscious, which unconsciously pre-organize and influence the behavior of a culture.[8][9]

Rapaille subscribes to the triune brain theory of Paul D. MacLean, which describes three distinct brains: the cortex, limbic, and reptilian. Beneath the cortex, the seat of logic and reason, is the limbic, which houses emotions. Camouflaged underneath those is Rapaille's theorized brain—the reptilian.[10]

Rapaille believes that buying decisions are strongly influenced by the reptilian brain, which is made up of the brain stem and the cerebellum. Only accessible via the subconscious, the reptilian brain is the home of our intrinsic instincts. It programs us for two major things: survival and reproduction. Rapaille proposes that in a three-way battle between the cortical, the limbic (home of emotion) and the reptilian areas, the reptilian always wins, because survival comes first. This theory has become the basis for his thoughts on what a product means to consumers on the most fundamental level.[11]

His theory that culture gets imprinted into the "Reptilian Brain" during early childhood[12] has been heavily contradicted by scientific evidence.[13] His practice of leading managers into regression sessions to tap into their unconscious in an attempt to discover a "code" word, has also been cited as "primitive" and has been heavily contradicted by scientific evidence.[13]

In the opening of his book, 7 Secrets of Marketing, he says, "Cultures, like individuals, have an unconscious. This unconscious is active in each of us, making us do things we might not be aware of."[14] This collective cultural unconscious can be further defined as a pool of shared imprinting experiences that unconsciously pre-organize and influence the behavior of a culture.[15]

Rapaille's claim of technique of "archetype discovery" stems from the psychoanalytic methods pioneered by the Viennese psychologist Ernest Dichter. This technique doesn't ask what people want, but why they want it.[16] These research methods focus on finding what he calls the “code”, the unconscious meaning people give to a particular product, service or relationship.[17] Rapaille posits that sublimated emotional memories occupy a place between each individual's unconscious (Freud) and the collective unconscious of the entire human race (Jung).[16]

Rapaille appeared in a Frontline episode about marketing entitled "The Persuaders", which first aired on November 9, 2004 on PBS in the United States.[18]

Published works

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  • "The Global Code: How a New Culture of Universal Values Is Reshaping Business and Marketing", 2015
  • "Move UP", English edition, Penguin UK, 2015
  • "El Verbo De Las Culturas" Taurus, 2015
  • The Culture Code, Crown Publishing, 2007
  • Seven Secrets of Marketing in a Multi*Cultural World First Edition. Executive Excellence, Utah 2001, in English; Second Edition. Tuxedo Productions, New York 2004 in English[19]
  • Social Cancer (the code for Terrorism) Tuxedo Productions, New York 2003, in English[20]
  • Versteh' Deine Eltern, Bucher, Munich 1984, in German
  • Comprendre Ses Parents Et Ses Grands Parents Marabout, Paris 1982, in French
  • Escuchelo: Es Su HijoPomaire, Colección Libre, Barcelona 1981, in Spanish
  • Le Trouple Editions Menges, Paris 1980, in French
  • Si Vous Ecoutiez Vos Enfants Editions Menges, Paris 1978, in French
  • La Communication Créatrice Editions Dialogues, Paris 1976, in French
  • Wisdom Of Madness Thomas Jefferson State College, Michigan State University, manuscript, 1975, in English
  • La Relation Creatrice Editions Universitaires, Paris 1973, in French
  • La Relazione Créatrice Cittadella Editrice, 1975, in Italian
  • Laing Editions Universitaires, Paris 1972, in French
  • Analyse des Pratiques Medicales et des Croyances Liées a la Maladie et aux Soins Dans Quinze Communautes Cicaraguayennes Thesis Paris, Sorbonne, 1969 (220 pages) in French[21]

References

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  1. ^ "Palm Beach Today International Feb. 6, 2013". 6 February 2013.
  2. ^ "Beyond the Hedges: Getting to the root of a Palm Beach sale".
  3. ^ "Who We Are - Archetype Discoveries Worldwide". Archived from the original on 2015-05-30. Retrieved 2015-05-21.
  4. ^ "Dr. Rapaille's Biography - Archetype Discoveries Worldwide". Archived from the original on 2015-05-30. Retrieved 2015-05-21.
  5. ^ Hartley, Tom (2000-05-08). "Cruisin' for the right look".
  6. ^ "The Culture Code, by Clotaire Rapaille". 15 July 2006. Archived from the original on 15 July 2006.
  7. ^ Patton, Phil (2002-03-18). "Car Shrinks Forget rear-seat legroom. Automakers have decided that the key to higher sales lies in meeting your deepest emotional needs. Here come the". CNN.
  8. ^ Whitby, Bob (14 September 2000). "Getting Sleeeepy…". Archived from the original on January 18, 2013.
  9. ^ "Learn About ADW". Archived from the original on 2010-01-29. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
  10. ^ "Crack This Code". 1 April 2006.
  11. ^ Wells, Melanie (2003-01-09). "Mind Games". Forbes.
  12. ^ Rapaille, Clotaire (2007). Culture Code. Broadway. ISBN 978-0-76-792057-5.
  13. ^ a b Holt, Douglas; Cameron, Douglas (2010). Cultural Strategy. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-958740-7.
  14. ^ G. Clotaire Rapaille, 7 Secrets of Marketing, 9.
  15. ^ "Promenade Speakers Bureau LLC - Clotaire Rapaille - Archetype Speaker, Author of Culture Code". Archived from the original on 2011-07-15. Retrieved 2010-06-09.
  16. ^ a b "The Reptilian brain always wins in the marketplace". 10 August 2000.
  17. ^ Rapaille. "Marketing to the Reptilian Brain." Forbes 03 July 2006: 44. Business Source Premier. EBSCO. Web. 15 June 2010.
  18. ^ "The Persuaders". PBS.
  19. ^ Rapaille, Clotaire (1 February 2001). 7 Secrets of Marketing in a Multi-Cultural World. Executive Excellence Publishing. ISBN 978-1890009748.
  20. ^ . ISBN 978-0974016825. {{cite book}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  21. ^ "Archetype Discoveries Worldwide". Archived from the original on 2013-06-02. Retrieved 2013-02-13.
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