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{{short description|Periodic comet with 8 year orbit}}
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{{short description|Periodic comet with 8 year orbit}}
{{Short description|Periodic comet with 8 year orbit}}
{{Infobox comet
{{Infobox comet
| name=14P/Wolf
| name=14P/Wolf
| image= Comet Wolf u65z3002r.fits.gz sci.jpg
| image=
| caption = Comet 14P/Wolf on 17 September 2000 by Hubble Space Telescope
| discoverer=[[Max Wolf]]
| discoverer=[[Max Wolf]]
| discovery_date=September 17, 1884
| discovery_date=September 17, 1884
Line 13: Line 14:
| period=8.74 [[Julian year (astronomy)|a]]
| period=8.74 [[Julian year (astronomy)|a]]
| inclination=27.52°
| inclination=27.52°
| last_p=December 1, 2017<ref name="imcce">{{cite web
| last_p=December 1, 2017
⚫
|date=2010-02-12
|title=Note number : 0110 P/Wolf : 14P
|publisher=[[Institut de mécanique céleste et de calcul des éphémérides]]
|author=Patrick Rocher
|url=http://www.imcce.fr/en/ephemerides/donnees/comets/FICH/CIF0110.php
⚫
|accessdate=2012-02-19}}</ref>
| next_p=2026-Sept-19<ref name=MPC>{{mpc|14p}}</ref>
| next_p=2026-Sept-19<ref name=MPC>{{mpc|14p}}</ref>
| dimensions=4.7 km<ref name=jpldata/>
| dimensions=4.7 km<ref name=jpldata/>
}}
}}

{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center; font-size:11px; float:right; margin:2px"
|- bgcolor= style="font-size: smaller;"
| colspan="8" style="text-align:center;"|'''Perihelion distance<br/>at different epochs'''<ref name="Kinoshita"/>
|-
! [[Epoch (astronomy)|Epoch]] !! [[Perihelion]]<br/>([[Astronomical unit|AU]])
|-
| 1869 || 2.74
|-
| 1878 || 1.57
|-
| 1925 || 2.44
|-bgcolor=#c2c2c2
| 2009 || 2.72
|-
| 2044 || 2.44
|-
| 2068 || 2.62
|}


'''14P/Wolf''' is a periodic [[comet]] in the [[Solar System]].
'''14P/Wolf''' is a periodic [[comet]] in the [[Solar System]].


[[Max Wolf]] ([[Heidelberg]], [[Germany]]) discovered the comet on September&nbsp;17, 1884. It was later discovered, but not credited to, [[Ralph Copeland]] ([[Dun Echt Observatory]], [[Aberdeen]], [[Scotland]]) on September&nbsp;23.{{citation needed|date=February 2016}}
[[Max Wolf]] ([[Heidelberg]], [[Germany]]) discovered the comet on September&nbsp;17, 1884 ({{time interval|1884-09-17|1884-10-02|show=d}}) before it passed 0.8 AU from Earth. It was later rediscovered by, but not credited to, [[Ralph Copeland]] ([[Dun Echt Observatory]], [[Aberdeen]], [[Scotland]]) on September&nbsp;23.{{citation needed|date=February 2016}}


Previously, the comet had a perihelion of 2.74&nbsp;AU and an orbital period of 8.84 a; this changed to a perihelion of 2.43&nbsp;AU and an orbital period of 8.28 a due to passing 0.125&nbsp;AU from [[Jupiter]] on September&nbsp;27, 1922. The current values have been from when the comet passed Jupiter again on August&nbsp;13, 2005. Another close approach to Jupiter on March&nbsp;10, 2041 will return the comet to parameters similar to the period 1925–2000.<ref name=kronk>{{Cite web
Before approaching Jupiter in 1875, the comet had a perihelion of 2.74&nbsp;AU and an orbital period of 8.84 years, and the approach dropped perihelion to 1.57 AU.<ref name="Kinoshita"/> An approach to Jupiter in September 1922 lifted perihelion to 2.43&nbsp;AU. The current perihelion of 2.7 AU is from when the comet passed Jupiter on August&nbsp;13, 2005. Another close approach to Jupiter on March&nbsp;10, 2041 will return the comet to parameters similar to the period 1925–2000.<ref name=kronk/>

The [[comet nucleus]] is estimated to be 4.7&nbsp;kilometers in diameter.<ref name=jpldata/> Its rotational period is estimated to be 9.02 ± 0.01 hours.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kokotanekova |first1=R. |last2=Snodgrass |first2=C. |last3=Lacerda |first3=P. |last4=Green |first4=S. F. |last5=Lowry |first5=S. C. |last6=Fernández |first6=Y. R. |last7=Tubiana |first7=C. |last8=Fitzsimmons |first8=A. |last9=Hsieh |first9=H. H. |title=Rotation of cometary nuclei: new light curves and an update of the ensemble properties of Jupiter-family comets |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |date=November 2017 |volume=471 |issue=3 |pages=2974–3007 |doi=10.1093/mnras/stx1716|doi-access=free |arxiv=1707.02133 }}</ref>

⚫
== References ==
⚫
{{Reflist|refs=

<ref name=jpldata>{{cite web
⚫
|type=2021-02-24 last obs
⚫
|title=JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 14P/Wolf
⚫
|url=https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/tools/sbdb_lookup.html#/?sstr=14P&view=OPC
⚫
|publisher=[[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]]
⚫
|access-date=2010-02-25}}</ref>

<ref name=kronk>{{Cite web
|first=Gary W. |last=Kronk
|first=Gary W. |last=Kronk
|authorlink=Gary W. Kronk
|author-link=Gary W. Kronk
|title=14P/Wolf
|title=14P/Wolf
|url=http://cometography.com/pcomets/014p.html
|url=http://cometography.com/pcomets/014p.html
|accessdate=2018-02-26}} ([http://cometography.com Cometography Home Page])</ref>
|access-date=2018-02-26}} ([http://cometography.com Cometography Home Page])</ref>


<ref name="Kinoshita">{{cite web
The [[comet nucleus]] is estimated to be 4.7&nbsp;kilometers in diameter.<ref name=jpldata>{{cite web
|title=14P/Wolf past, present and future orbital elements
⚫
|type=2009-11-23 last obs
|url=http://jcometobs.web.fc2.com/pcmtn/0014p.htm
⚫
|title=JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 14P/Wolf
|work=Comet Orbit
⚫
|url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=14P
|first=Kazuo |last=Kinoshita
⚫
|publisher=[[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]]
⚫
|date=2018-07-07
⚫
|accessdate=2010-02-25}}</ref>
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110520032122/http://jcometobs.web.fc2.com/pcmtn/0014p.htm
|archive-date=2011-05-20
|url-status=live
⚫
|access-date=2023-07-27}}</ref>


}} <!-- end of reflist-->
⚫
== References ==
⚫
{{Reflist}}


== External links ==
== External links ==
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* [http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=14P;orb=1;view=Far Orbital simulation] from JPL (Java) / [http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons.cgi?find_body=1&body_group=sb&sstr=14P Horizons Ephemeris]
* [http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=14P;orb=1;view=Far Orbital simulation] from JPL (Java) / [http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons.cgi?find_body=1&body_group=sb&sstr=14P Horizons Ephemeris]


⚫
{{Comets}}
{{PeriodicComets Navigator|13P/Olbers|15P/Finlay}}
{{PeriodicComets Navigator|13P/Olbers|15P/Finlay}}
⚫
{{Comets}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Wolf, 014P}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Wolf, 014P}}
[[Category:Periodic comets]]
[[Category:Periodic comets]]
[[Category:Numbered comets|0014]]
[[Category:Comets in 2017]]
[[Category:Comets in 2017]]
[[Category:Astronomical objects discovered in 1884|18840917]]
[[Category:Astronomical objects discovered in 1884|18840917]]

Latest revision as of 05:00, 2 September 2024

14P/Wolf
Comet 14P/Wolf on 17 September 2000 by Hubble Space Telescope
Discovery
Discovered byMax Wolf
Discovery dateSeptember 17, 1884
Designations
1884 S1; 1884 III;
1884c; 1891 J1;
1891 II; 1891b;
1898 IV; 1898f;
1912 I; 1911a;
1918 V; 1918b;
1925 X; 1925e;
1934 I; 1933e;
1942 VI; 1950 VI;
1950c; 1959 II;
1958c; 1967 XII;
1967j; 1976 II;
1975f; 1984 IX;
1983m; 1992 XXII;
1992m
Orbital characteristics
EpochDecember 2, 2000 (JD 2451880.5)
Aphelion5.73 AU
Perihelion2.72 AU
Semi-major axis4.07 AU
Eccentricity0.407
Orbital period8.74 a
Inclination27.52°
Last perihelionDecember 1, 2017
Next perihelion2026-Sept-19[1]
Physical characteristics
Dimensions4.7 km[2]
Perihelion distance
at different epochs[3]
Epoch Perihelion
(AU)
1869 2.74
1878 1.57
1925 2.44
2009 2.72
2044 2.44
2068 2.62

14P/Wolf is a periodic comet in the Solar System.

Max Wolf (Heidelberg, Germany) discovered the comet on September 17, 1884 (15 days) before it passed 0.8 AU from Earth. It was later rediscovered by, but not credited to, Ralph Copeland (Dun Echt Observatory, Aberdeen, Scotland) on September 23.[citation needed]

Before approaching Jupiter in 1875, the comet had a perihelion of 2.74 AU and an orbital period of 8.84 years, and the approach dropped perihelion to 1.57 AU.[3] An approach to Jupiter in September 1922 lifted perihelion to 2.43 AU. The current perihelion of 2.7 AU is from when the comet passed Jupiter on August 13, 2005. Another close approach to Jupiter on March 10, 2041 will return the comet to parameters similar to the period 1925–2000.[4]

The comet nucleus is estimated to be 4.7 kilometers in diameter.[2] Its rotational period is estimated to be 9.02 ± 0.01 hours.[5]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ MPC
  2. ^ a b "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 14P/Wolf" (2021-02-24 last obs). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 2010-02-25.
  3. ^ a b Kinoshita, Kazuo (2018-07-07). "14P/Wolf past, present and future orbital elements". Comet Orbit. Archived from the original on 2011-05-20. Retrieved 2023-07-27.
  4. ^ Kronk, Gary W. "14P/Wolf". Retrieved 2018-02-26. (Cometography Home Page)
  5. ^ Kokotanekova, R.; Snodgrass, C.; Lacerda, P.; Green, S. F.; Lowry, S. C.; Fernández, Y. R.; Tubiana, C.; Fitzsimmons, A.; Hsieh, H. H. (November 2017). "Rotation of cometary nuclei: new light curves and an update of the ensemble properties of Jupiter-family comets". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 471 (3): 2974–3007. arXiv:1707.02133. doi:10.1093/mnras/stx1716.
[edit]


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