Jump to content

Òmnium Cultural: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 41°23′30″N 2°10′09″E / 41.39167°N 2.16917°E / 41.39167; 2.16917
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
Tomclarke (talk | contribs)
163 edits
Removed unsourced (inaccurate) claim about Cuixart organizing the referendum.
 
(36 intermediate revisions by 22 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|Catalan cultural association}}
{{More citations needed|date=September 2013}}
⚫
{{Infobox non-profit
⚫
| Non-profit_name = Òmnium Cultural
⚫
| Non-profit_logo = Omnium Cultural Logo.gif
⚫
| caption =
⚫
| founder = Lluís Carulla, Joan Baptista Cendrós,<br>Fèlix Millet, Joan Vallvé, Pau Riera
⚫
| Non-profit_type = Cultural institution
⚫
| tax_id =
⚫
| founded_date = {{Start date|1961|07|11|df=y}}
⚫
| location = 276 pral. Diputació<br>08009 [[Barcelona]]
⚫
| coordinates = {{Coord|41|23|30|N|2|10|09|E|type:landmark_region:ES|display=inline,title}}
⚫
| origins =
⚫
| area_served = [[Catalonia]]
⚫
| endowment =
⚫
| num_volunteers =
⚫
| num_employees =
⚫
| num_members = 180,557<ref name="members_counter">{{Cite web|url=https://www.omnium.cat/en/|title=Òmnium Cultural|access-date=3 January 2020}}</ref>
| motto = ''Llengua, cultura, país''<br>("Language, culture, country")
⚫
| homepage = {{URL|omnium.cat}}
⚫
| footnotes =
⚫
|leader_name=[[Jordi Cuixart]]}}
⚫
'''Òmnium Cultural''' ({{IPA-ca|ˈɔmni.um kultuˈɾal}})<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.omnium.cat|title=Òmnium Cultural|work=Òmnium Cultural|accessdate=23 September 2015}}</ref> is a Catalan association based in [[Barcelona]], [[Catalonia]], [[Spain]]. It was originally created in the 1960s to promote the [[Catalan language]] and spread Catalan culture.


⚫
{{Infobox organization
⚫
Over the years it has increased its involvement in broader social issues; in 2012 it committed itself to [[Catalan independence]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ccaa.elpais.com/ccaa/2012/10/30/catalunya/1351555256_662849.html|title=Òmnium adapta su ideario al secesionismo|author=Ediciones El País|work=EL PAÍS|accessdate=23 September 2015}}</ref> specifically demanding the right of [[self-determination]] for Catalonia.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.omnium.cat/whats-going-catalonia|title=What's going on in Catalonia?|work=Òmnium Cultural|accessdate=23 September 2015}}</ref>
⚫
| name = Òmnium Cultural
⚫
| logo = [[File:Omnium Cultural Logo.gif|300x300px]]
⚫
| caption =
⚫
| founder = Lluís Carulla, Joan Baptista Cendrós,<br>Fèlix Millet, Joan Vallvé, Pau Riera
⚫
| type = Cultural institution
⚫
| vat_id =
⚫
| founded_date = {{Start date|1961|07|11|df=y}}
⚫
| location = 276 pral. Diputació<br>08009 [[Barcelona]]
⚫
| coordinates = {{Coord|41|23|30|N|2|10|09|E|type:landmark_region:ES|display=inline,title}}
⚫
| origins =
⚫
| area_served = [[Catalonia]]
⚫
| endowment =
⚫
| num_volunteers =
⚫
| num_employees =
⚫
| num_members = 190,000 <ref name="members_counter">{{Cite web|url=https://www.omnium.cat/en/|title=Òmnium Cultural|access-date=3 March 2022}}</ref>
⚫
| homepage = {{URL|omnium.cat}}
⚫
| footnotes =
⚫
| leader_name = [[Xavier Antich]]
}}
⚫
'''Òmnium Cultural''' ({{IPA|ca|ˈɔmni.um kultuˈɾal}})<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.omnium.cat|title=Òmnium Cultural|accessdate=23 September 2015}}</ref> is a Spanish association based in [[Barcelona]], [[Catalonia]]. It was originally created in the 1960s to promote the [[Catalan language]] and spread Catalan culture.


⚫
Over the years it has increased its involvement in broader political issues; in 2012 it committed itself to [[Catalan independence]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://ccaa.elpais.com/ccaa/2012/10/30/catalunya/1351555256_662849.html|title=Òmnium adapta su ideario al secesionismo|author=Ediciones El País|work=EL PAÍS|date=30 October 2012|accessdate=23 September 2015}}</ref> specifically demanding the right of [[self-determination]] for Catalonia.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.omnium.cat/whats-going-catalonia|title=What's going on in Catalonia?|work=Òmnium Cultural|accessdate=23 September 2015|archive-date=25 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925052135/https://www.omnium.cat/whats-going-catalonia|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Jordi Cuixart]], then president of Òmnium, was jailed for his involvement in protests preceding the 2017 [[Catalan independence referendum, 2017|Catalan independence referendum]].
⚫
Currently Òmnium has more than 145,000 members organised in 40 regional offices besides the headquarters in Barcelona.<ref name="members_counter" /><ref name="seus-territorials">{{cite web|url=https://www.omnium.cat/qui-som/seus-territorials|title=Òmnium Cultural - Seus territorials|accessdate=25 July 2017}}</ref>

⚫
Currently Òmnium claims more than 190,000 members organised in 52 regional offices besides the headquarters in Barcelona.<ref name="members_counter" /><ref name="seus-territorials">{{cite web|url=https://www.omnium.cat/qui-som/seus-territorials|title=Òmnium Cultural - Seus territorials|accessdate=25 July 2017}}</ref>


== History ==
== History ==
Òmnium Cultural was created on 11 July 1961 in the context of [[Francoist Spain]] when the institutional use of Catalan was forbidden. In 1963 the Francoist authorities closed down the association. Òmnium had to continue to exist as a clandestine association between 1963–1967. In 1967, after a long [[legal case]] before the Francoist courts, the association won its right to exist and was once again authorised.
Òmnium Cultural was created on 11 July 1961 in the context of [[Francoist Spain]] when the institutional use of Catalan was forbidden. In 1963 the Francoist authorities closed down the association. Òmnium had to continue to exist as a clandestine association between 1963–1967. In 1967, after a long [[legal case]] before the Francoist courts, the association won its right to exist and was once again authorised.


In order to promote Catalan culture within the many limits of Francoism, Òmnium was the main creator and sponsor of various [[award]]s and [[literary award|literary contests]] for works published in Catalan, such as the ''Premi d'Honor de les Lletres Catalanes'' (1969). In the early 1970s it established the ''Nit de Santa Llúcia'' a festival of [[Catalan literature]] where three prizes are awarded: the ''Premi Sant Jordi'' ([[novel]]), the ''Premi [[Mercè Rodoreda]]'' ([[short story]]) and the ''Premi Carles Riba'' (poetry).
In order to promote Catalan culture within the many limits of Francoism, Òmnium was the main creator and sponsor of various [[award]]s and [[literary award|literary contests]] for works published in Catalan, such as the ''Premi d'Honor de les Lletres Catalanes'' (1969). In the early 1970s it established the ''Nit de Santa Llúcia'' a festival of [[Catalan literature]] where three prizes are awarded: the ''[[Premi Sant Jordi de novel·la|Premi Sant Jordi]]'' ([[novel]]), the ''[[Mercè Rodoreda Award|Premi Mercè Rodoreda]]'' ([[short story]]) and the ''Premi Carles Riba'' (poetry).


After the Francoist dictatorship ended in 1975, Òmnium continued its work promoting Catalan language and culture. Once democracy was restored, Òmnium supported and defended Catalan self-government.
After the Francoist dictatorship ended in 1975, Òmnium continued its work promoting Catalan language and culture. Once democracy was restored, Òmnium supported and defended Catalan self-government.


It was awarded the [[Creu de Sant Jordi]] by the [[Generalitat de Catalunya|Catalan government]] (Generalitat) in 1984 and named a [[public interest]] body in 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dogc.gencat.cat/ca/pdogc_canals_interns/pdogc_resultats_fitxa/?action=fitxa&documentId=242713|title=Resultats i fitxa|website=Diari Oficial de la Generalitat de Catalunya}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title = Muriel Casals releva a Jordi Porta al frente de Òmnium|url = http://elpais.com/diario/2010/03/21/catalunya/1269137245_850215.html|accessdate = 2015-06-23}}</ref>
It was awarded the [[Creu de Sant Jordi]] by the [[Generalitat de Catalunya|Catalan government]] (Generalitat) in 1984 and named a [[public interest]] body in 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dogc.gencat.cat/ca/pdogc_canals_interns/pdogc_resultats_fitxa/?action=fitxa&documentId=242713|title=Resultats i fitxa|website=Diari Oficial de la Generalitat de Catalunya}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Muriel Casals releva a Jordi Porta al frente de Òmnium |url=http://elpais.com/diario/2010/03/21/catalunya/1269137245_850215.html |work=El País |date=21 March 2010 |accessdate=2015-06-23|last1=Serra |first1=Catalina }}</ref>

⚫
After the Spanish Constitutional Court's rejection of the new [[Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia]] in 2010, one million people marched in Barcelona calling for national self-determination in a [[2010 Catalan autonomy protest]] organised by Òmnium.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.catalannewsagency.com/politics/item/the-constitutional-court-rejects-the-exclusion-of-its-president-requested-by-the-catalan-government|title=Catalan News Agency - The Constitutional Court rejects the exclusion of its President requested by the Catalan Government|author=Gaspar Pericay Coll|work=catalannewsagency.com|accessdate=23 September 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite av media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L0_J48VVurw&list=PL5u49XPks3PkEXpEB32tKn4GYBDbVGGjY&index=6|title=Catalan citizens protest for greater self-government (10-J)|date=13 July 2010|work=YouTube|accessdate=23 September 2015}}</ref>


⚫
After the Spanish Constitutional Court's rejection of the new [[Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia]] in 2010, one million people marched in Barcelona calling for national self-determination in a [[2010 Catalan autonomy protest]] organised by Òmnium.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.catalannewsagency.com/politics/item/the-constitutional-court-rejects-the-exclusion-of-its-president-requested-by-the-catalan-government|title=Catalan News Agency - The Constitutional Court rejects the exclusion of its President requested by the Catalan Government|author=Gaspar Pericay Coll|work=catalannewsagency.com|accessdate=23 September 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L0_J48VVurw&list=PL5u49XPks3PkEXpEB32tKn4GYBDbVGGjY&index=6 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211219/L0_J48VVurw |archive-date=2021-12-19 |url-status=live|title=Catalan citizens protest for greater self-government (10-J)|date=13 July 2010|work=YouTube|accessdate=23 September 2015}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
In December 2015, [[Jordi Cuixart]] was elected president by a large majority, in elections in which 5,719 members participated out of a total of 50,000.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Jordi Cuixart és proclamat nou president d'Òmnium | url = https://www.omnium.cat/noticia/jordi-cuixart-es-proclamat-nou-president-domnium|accessdate = 2017-07-25}}</ref>


In December 2015, [[Jordi Cuixart]] was elected president by a large majority.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jordi Cuixart és proclamat nou president d'Òmnium |url=https://www.omnium.cat/noticia/jordi-cuixart-es-proclamat-nou-president-domnium |website=Òmnium Cultural |accessdate=2017-07-25}}</ref> He was then re-elected in 2018. During Cuixart's arrest, the most visible member of the association was its spokesman [[Marcel Mauri]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.omnium.cat/ca/el-portaveu-domnium-cultural-marcel-mauri-fa-una-crida-a-la-mobilitzacio-dissabte-per-exigir-la-llibertat-de-jordi-cuixart-i-jordi-sanchez/|title=El portaveu d'Òmnium Cultural, Marcel Mauri, fa una crida a la mobilització dissabte per exigir la llibertat de Jordi Cuixart i Jordi Sànchez|date=17 October 2017|work=Òmnium Cultural|access-date=6 December 2018|language=ca}}</ref> In 2022 [[Xavier Antich]] won the association's presidency with the 21,758 votes cast in an election where Antich was the sole candidate.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.revistarambla.com/cuixart-pasa-el-relevo-a-antich-al-frente-de-omnium-cultural/|title=Cuixart pasa el relevo a Antich al frente de Òmnium Cultural|work=Revista Rambla|access-date=10 April 2022|language=es}}</ref>
⚫
Òmnium was one of the main organisations, together with [[Assemblea Nacional Catalana]], supporting the [[Catalan self-determination referendum]] in 2017. After [[Operation Anubis]], both the president of Òmnium, Jordi Cuixart, and the president of ANC, [[Jordi Sànchez]], were sent to jail.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20171017/432132340676/sanchez-cuixart-soto-del-real-prision-anc-omnium.html|title=Sànchez y Cuixart se disponen a pasar su primera noche en prisión|last=|first=|date=17 October 2017|work=La Vanguardia|access-date=6 December 2018|language=es}}</ref> Since then, several organizations including [[Amnesty International]], the [[Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights]], [[PEN International]], the [[World Organisation Against Torture]], [[Front Line Defenders]] and the [[International Association of Democratic Lawyers]] have asked for their release.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/eur41/7308/2017/en/|title=Spain: charges for sedition and pre-trial detention against Jordi Cuixart and Jordi Sànchez are excessive|work=Amnesty International|access-date=2017-10-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.es.amnesty.org/en-que-estamos/noticias/noticia/articulo/actualizacion-de-la-situacion-en-cataluna/|title=Actualización de la situación en Cataluña|last=|first=|date=1 October 2018|work=Amnesty International|access-date=23 November 2018|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=High Commissioner’s global update of human rights concerns |url=http://www.ohchr.org/en/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=22772&LangID=E |work=OHCHR |date=2018-03-07 |access-date=2018-03-08 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://pen-international.org/news/statement-following-pen-internationals-visit-to-imprisoned-catalan-civil-society-leaders|title=Statement following PEN International’s visit to imprisoned Catalan civil society leaders|last=|first=|date=8 August 2018|work=PEN International|access-date=9 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.omct.org/monitoring-protection-mechanisms/urgent-interventions/spain/2018/11/d25127/|title=Spain: Open Letter: End the arbitrary pre-trial detention of social leader Mr. Jordi Cuixart|last=|first=|date=22 November 2018|work=World Organisation Against Torture|access-date=22 November 2018|publication-place=Geneva}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.frontlinedefenders.org/en/case/jordi-cuixart-pre-trial-detention|title=Human rights defender in pre-trial detention for over a year|last=|first=|date=23 November 2018|work=Front Line Defenders|access-date=23 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.frontlinedefenders.org/sites/default/files/urgent_appeal_spain_human_rights_defender_in_pre-trial_detention_for_over_a_year.pdf|title=Spain: Human rights defender in pre-trial detention for over a year|date=23 November 2018|website=Front Line Defenders|access-date=23 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://iadllaw.org/2018/12/iadl-calls-for-release-of-catalan-political-prisoners/|title=IADL calls for release of Catalan political prisoners|date=3 December 2018|website=International Association of Democratic Lawyers|access-date=30 December 2018}}</ref>


⚫
Òmnium was one of the main organisations, together with [[Assemblea Nacional Catalana]], supporting the [[Catalan self-determination referendum]] in 2017. After [[Operation Anubis]], both the president of Òmnium, Jordi Cuixart, and the president of ANC, [[Jordi Sànchez]], were sent to jail.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20171017/432132340676/sanchez-cuixart-soto-del-real-prision-anc-omnium.html|title=Sànchez y Cuixart se disponen a pasar su primera noche en prisión|date=17 October 2017|work=La Vanguardia|access-date=6 December 2018|language=es}}</ref> Since then, several organizations including [[Amnesty International]], the [[Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights]], [[PEN International]], the [[World Organisation Against Torture]], [[Front Line Defenders]] and the [[International Association of Democratic Lawyers]] have asked for their release.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/eur41/7308/2017/en/|title=Spain: charges for sedition and pre-trial detention against Jordi Cuixart and Jordi Sànchez are excessive|work=Amnesty International|access-date=2017-10-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.es.amnesty.org/en-que-estamos/noticias/noticia/articulo/actualizacion-de-la-situacion-en-cataluna/|title=Actualización de la situación en Cataluña|date=1 October 2018|work=Amnesty International|access-date=23 November 2018|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=High Commissioner's global update of human rights concerns |url=http://www.ohchr.org/en/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=22772&LangID=E |work=OHCHR |date=2018-03-07 |access-date=2018-03-08 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://pen-international.org/news/statement-following-pen-internationals-visit-to-imprisoned-catalan-civil-society-leaders|title=Statement following PEN International's visit to imprisoned Catalan civil society leaders|date=8 August 2018|work=PEN International|access-date=9 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.omct.org/monitoring-protection-mechanisms/urgent-interventions/spain/2018/11/d25127/|title=Spain: Open Letter: End the arbitrary pre-trial detention of social leader Mr. Jordi Cuixart|date=22 November 2018|work=World Organisation Against Torture|access-date=22 November 2018|publication-place=Geneva}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.frontlinedefenders.org/en/case/jordi-cuixart-pre-trial-detention|title=Jordi Cuixart in pre-trial detention |date=23 November 2018|work=Front Line Defenders|access-date=31 July 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.frontlinedefenders.org/sites/default/files/urgent_appeal_spain_human_rights_defender_in_pre-trial_detention_for_over_a_year.pdf|title=Spain: Human rights defender in pre-trial detention for over a year|date=23 November 2018|website=Front Line Defenders|access-date=31 July 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://iadllaw.org/2018/12/iadl-calls-for-release-of-catalan-political-prisoners/|title=IADL calls for release of Catalan political prisoners|date=3 December 2018|website=International Association of Democratic Lawyers|access-date=30 December 2018}}</ref>
After Cuixart's arrest, the most important public figure of Òmnium has been the spokesman [[Marcel Mauri]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.omnium.cat/ca/el-portaveu-domnium-cultural-marcel-mauri-fa-una-crida-a-la-mobilitzacio-dissabte-per-exigir-la-llibertat-de-jordi-cuixart-i-jordi-sanchez/|title=El portaveu d’Òmnium Cultural, Marcel Mauri, fa una crida a la mobilització dissabte per exigir la llibertat de Jordi Cuixart i Jordi Sànchez|last=|first=|date=17 October 2017|work=Òmnium Cultural|access-date=6 December 2018|language=ca}}</ref>


==Structure and funding==
==Structure and funding==
[[File:Seu Nacional d'Òmnium Cultural.jpg|thumb|Seu Nacional d'Òmnium Cultural]]
Òmnium Cultural is one of the biggest organizations in Catalonia with more than 145,000 members.<ref name="members_counter" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.dbalears.cat/horitzons/2019/02/26/324547/omnium-bat-record-supera-barca-nombre-socis-catalunya.html|title=Òmnium bat el rècord i supera el Barça en nombre de socis a Catalunya|last=|first=|date=26 February 2019|work=dBalears|access-date=28 February 2019|language=ca}}</ref> It's based in Barcelona with regional offices in 40 other municipalities.<ref name="seus-territorials" />
Òmnium Cultural is one of the biggest organizations in Catalonia, claiming more than 190,000 members.<ref name="members_counter" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.dbalears.cat/horitzons/2019/02/26/324547/omnium-bat-record-supera-barca-nombre-socis-catalunya.html|title=Òmnium bat el rècord i supera el Barça en nombre de socis a Catalunya|date=26 February 2019|work=dBalears|access-date=28 February 2019|language=ca}}</ref> It is based in Barcelona with regional offices in 52 other municipalities.<ref name="seus-territorials" />


Òmnium Cultural cooperates with other organizations that share similar goals in other [[Catalan Countries|Catalan-speaking territories]]: [[Acció Cultural del País Valencià]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.acpv.cat/web/|title=Portada - Acció Cultural del País Valencià - ACPV|work=acpv.cat|accessdate=23 September 2015}}</ref>(in the [[Valencian Community]]) and [[Obra Cultural Balear]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ocb.cat/|title=OCB.CAT|work=ocb.cat|accessdate=23 September 2015}}</ref> (in the [[Balearic Islands]]).
Òmnium Cultural cooperates with other organizations that share similar goals in other [[Catalan Countries|Catalan-speaking territories]]: [[Acció Cultural del País Valencià]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.acpv.cat/web/|title=Portada - Acció Cultural del País Valencià - ACPV|work=acpv.cat|accessdate=23 September 2015}}</ref> (in the [[Valencian Country]]) and [[Obra Cultural Balear]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ocb.cat/|title=OCB.CAT|accessdate=23 September 2015}}</ref> (in the [[Balearic Islands]]).


Between 2005 and 2012 the association received up to 13 million euros in different grants from the [[Generalitat de Catalunya|Catalan regional government]] (Generalitat).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.elconfidencial.com/espana/2012/04/06/la-soberanista-omnium-cultural-ha-ganado-13-millones-en-fondos-publicos-desde-2005-95699|title=La soberanista Òmnium Cultural ha ganado 13 millones en fondos públicos desde 2005|author=Antonio Fernández. Barcelona|date=6 April 2012|work=El Confidencial|accessdate=23 September 2015}}</ref> from which, 1.4 million were received in 2012 alone.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20120221/54258137724/govern-subvencion-omnium-cultural.html|title=El Govern hace pública una subvención de 1,4 millones a Òmnium Cultural|date=21 February 2012|work=LA VANGUARDIA|accessdate=23 September 2015}}</ref>
Between 2005 and 2012, the association received up to 13 million euros in grants from the [[Generalitat de Catalunya|Catalan regional government]] (Generalitat).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.elconfidencial.com/espana/2012-04-06/la-soberanista-omnium-cultural-ha-ganado-13-millones-en-fondos-publicos-desde-2005_226979/|title=La soberanista Òmnium Cultural ha ganado 13 millones en fondos públicos desde 2005|first=Antonio |last=Fernández |date=6 April 2012|work=El Confidencial|access-date=30 April 2022}}</ref> from which 1.4 million were received in 2012 alone.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20120221/54258137724/govern-subvencion-omnium-cultural.html|title=El Govern hace pública una subvención de 1,4 millones a Òmnium Cultural|date=21 February 2012|work=La Vanguardia |accessdate=23 September 2015}}</ref> In all, in the 2011–2016 period Òmnium could have received more than 20 million euros from the Generalitat (2.9m euros in 2011, 3.2m euros in 2012, 4.5m euros in 2013, 6.6m euros in 2014, 5.6m euros in 2015 and 4.4m euros in 2016).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20171010/431957368275/omnium-recibe-20-millones-en-ayudas-desde-2005-para-la-secesion-segun-abc.html|title=Òmnium recibe 20 millones en ayudas para la secesión, según ABC|date=10 October 2017|work=La Vanguardia|accessdate=15 January 2022|language=es}}</ref>


⚫
In 2013 the association announced that it would no longer receive funding from the Catalan government, but the organization does not publish its accounts. In 2016, different local authorities gave grants to Òmnium, basically for local cultural activities, for a value of €144,404.12, out of a total income in 2016 of €4.4 million.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.omnium.cat/sites/default/files/gestio/02_qui_som/04_entitat/05_balanc/6672_omnium_cultural_20161.pdf|title=Audited accounts of Òmnium Cultural 2016|author=Faura Casas, Auditors Consultors|date=16 June 2017|accessdate=25 July 2017|archive-date=20 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170920030928/https://www.omnium.cat/sites/default/files/gestio/02_qui_som/04_entitat/05_balanc/6672_omnium_cultural_20161.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
⚫
In November 2015 Òmnium was condemned by the [[Audiencia Nacional (Spain)|Audiencia Nacional]] for the unauthorised use and deficient custody of [[personal data]], after its data had been stolen by a hacker.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ara.cat/politica/Assemblea_Nacional_Catalana-ANC-Omnium_Cultural-atac-Estat-multa-sancio-9-N-gigaenquesta_0_1471053079.html|title=Cop de l'Estat també a l'ANC i Òmnium: multa de 440.000 euros per la 'gigaenquesta'|publisher=}}</ref> This led to a €200,000 sanction imposed by the Spanish agency responsible for [[data protection]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.elmundo.es/cataluna/2015/11/20/564eedcc268e3e8b058b45f3.html|title=Protección de Datos sanciona a la ANC y a Òmnium por la 'gigaencuesta'|publisher=}}</ref>


⚫
According to the Spanish [[Guardia Civil|Civil Guard]] in 2018, 98% of Òmnium Cultural's budget came from private contributions and it did not receive funding from the Catalan government in relation to the [[2017 Catalan independence referendum|2017 independence referendum]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://cat.elpais.com/cat/2018/11/30/actualidad/1543603159_742470.html|title=El Govern no va subvencionar Òmnium durant l'1-O, segons la Guàrdia Civil|date=30 November 2018|work=El País|access-date=28 February 2019|language=ca}}</ref>
⚫
In 2013 the association announced that it would no longer receive funding from the Catalan government. In 2016, different local authorities gave grants to Òmnium, basically for local cultural activities, for a value of €144,404.12, out of a total income in 2016 of €4.4 million.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.omnium.cat/sites/default/files/gestio/02_qui_som/04_entitat/05_balanc/6672_omnium_cultural_20161.pdf
|title=Audited accounts of Òmnium Cultural 2016|author=Faura Casas, Auditors Consultors|date=16 June 2017|accessdate=25 July 2017}}</ref>


⚫
In November 2015 Òmnium was condemned by the [[Audiencia Nacional (Spain)|Audiencia Nacional]] for the unauthorised use and deficient custody of [[personal data]], after its data had been stolen by a hacker.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ara.cat/politica/Assemblea_Nacional_Catalana-ANC-Omnium_Cultural-atac-Estat-multa-sancio-9-N-gigaenquesta_0_1471053079.html|title=Cop de l'Estat també a l'ANC i Òmnium: multa de 440.000 euros per la 'gigaenquesta'|date=20 November 2015}}</ref> This led to a €200,000 sanction imposed by the Spanish agency responsible for [[data protection]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.elmundo.es/cataluna/2015/11/20/564eedcc268e3e8b058b45f3.html|title=Protección de Datos sanciona a la ANC y a Òmnium por la 'gigaencuesta'|date=20 November 2015}}</ref>
⚫
According to Spanish Civil Guard in 2018, 98% of Òmnium Cultural's budget comes from private contributions and it didn't receive funding from the Catalan government in relation to the [[2017 Catalan independence referendum|2017 independence referendum]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://cat.elpais.com/cat/2018/11/30/actualidad/1543603159_742470.html|title=El Govern no va subvencionar Òmnium durant l’1-O, segons la Guàrdia Civil|last=|first=|date=30 November 2018|work=El País|access-date=28 February 2019|language=ca}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
Line 61: Line 60:


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
<references/>


== External links ==
== External links ==
Line 67: Line 66:


{{Catalan nationalism}}
{{Catalan nationalism}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Omnium Cultural}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Omnium Cultural}}
[[Category:Catalan advocacy organizations]]
[[Category:Catalan advocacy organizations]]
[[Category:Catalan culture]]
[[Category:Culture of Catalonia]]
[[Category:Cultural promotion organizations]]
[[Category:Cultural promotion organizations]]
[[Category:Organizations established in 1961]]
[[Category:Organizations established in 1961]]

Latest revision as of 08:45, 2 September 2024

Òmnium Cultural
Founded11 July 1961 (1961-07-11)
FounderLluís Carulla, Joan Baptista Cendrós,
Fèlix Millet, Joan Vallvé, Pau Riera
TypeCultural institution
Location
Coordinates41°23′30″N 2°10′09″E / 41.39167°N 2.16917°E / 41.39167; 2.16917
Area served
Catalonia
Members
190,000 [1]
LeaderXavier Antich
Websiteomnium.cat

Òmnium Cultural (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈɔmni.um kultuˈɾal])[2] is a Spanish association based in Barcelona, Catalonia. It was originally created in the 1960s to promote the Catalan language and spread Catalan culture.

Over the years it has increased its involvement in broader political issues; in 2012 it committed itself to Catalan independence,[3] specifically demanding the right of self-determination for Catalonia.[4] Jordi Cuixart, then president of Òmnium, was jailed for his involvement in protests preceding the 2017 Catalan independence referendum.

Currently Òmnium claims more than 190,000 members organised in 52 regional offices besides the headquarters in Barcelona.[1][5]

History

[edit]

Òmnium Cultural was created on 11 July 1961 in the context of Francoist Spain when the institutional use of Catalan was forbidden. In 1963 the Francoist authorities closed down the association. Òmnium had to continue to exist as a clandestine association between 1963–1967. In 1967, after a long legal case before the Francoist courts, the association won its right to exist and was once again authorised.

In order to promote Catalan culture within the many limits of Francoism, Òmnium was the main creator and sponsor of various awards and literary contests for works published in Catalan, such as the Premi d'Honor de les Lletres Catalanes (1969). In the early 1970s it established the Nit de Santa Llúcia a festival of Catalan literature where three prizes are awarded: the Premi Sant Jordi (novel), the Premi Mercè Rodoreda (short story) and the Premi Carles Riba (poetry).

After the Francoist dictatorship ended in 1975, Òmnium continued its work promoting Catalan language and culture. Once democracy was restored, Òmnium supported and defended Catalan self-government.

It was awarded the Creu de Sant Jordi by the Catalan government (Generalitat) in 1984 and named a public interest body in 2009.[6][7]

After the Spanish Constitutional Court's rejection of the new Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia in 2010, one million people marched in Barcelona calling for national self-determination in a 2010 Catalan autonomy protest organised by Òmnium.[8][9]

In December 2015, Jordi Cuixart was elected president by a large majority.[10] He was then re-elected in 2018. During Cuixart's arrest, the most visible member of the association was its spokesman Marcel Mauri.[11] In 2022 Xavier Antich won the association's presidency with the 21,758 votes cast in an election where Antich was the sole candidate.[12]

Òmnium was one of the main organisations, together with Assemblea Nacional Catalana, supporting the Catalan self-determination referendum in 2017. After Operation Anubis, both the president of Òmnium, Jordi Cuixart, and the president of ANC, Jordi Sànchez, were sent to jail.[13] Since then, several organizations including Amnesty International, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, PEN International, the World Organisation Against Torture, Front Line Defenders and the International Association of Democratic Lawyers have asked for their release.[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]

Structure and funding

[edit]
Seu Nacional d'Òmnium Cultural

Òmnium Cultural is one of the biggest organizations in Catalonia, claiming more than 190,000 members.[1][22] It is based in Barcelona with regional offices in 52 other municipalities.[5]

Òmnium Cultural cooperates with other organizations that share similar goals in other Catalan-speaking territories: Acció Cultural del País Valencià[23] (in the Valencian Country) and Obra Cultural Balear[24] (in the Balearic Islands).

Between 2005 and 2012, the association received up to 13 million euros in grants from the Catalan regional government (Generalitat).[25] from which 1.4 million were received in 2012 alone.[26] In all, in the 2011–2016 period Òmnium could have received more than 20 million euros from the Generalitat (2.9m euros in 2011, 3.2m euros in 2012, 4.5m euros in 2013, 6.6m euros in 2014, 5.6m euros in 2015 and 4.4m euros in 2016).[27]

In 2013 the association announced that it would no longer receive funding from the Catalan government, but the organization does not publish its accounts. In 2016, different local authorities gave grants to Òmnium, basically for local cultural activities, for a value of €144,404.12, out of a total income in 2016 of €4.4 million.[28]

According to the Spanish Civil Guard in 2018, 98% of Òmnium Cultural's budget came from private contributions and it did not receive funding from the Catalan government in relation to the 2017 independence referendum.[29]

In November 2015 Òmnium was condemned by the Audiencia Nacional for the unauthorised use and deficient custody of personal data, after its data had been stolen by a hacker.[30] This led to a €200,000 sanction imposed by the Spanish agency responsible for data protection.[31]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c "Òmnium Cultural". Retrieved 3 March 2022.
  2. ^ "Òmnium Cultural". Retrieved 23 September 2015.
  3. ^ Ediciones El País (30 October 2012). "Òmnium adapta su ideario al secesionismo". EL PAÍS. Retrieved 23 September 2015.
  4. ^ "What's going on in Catalonia?". Òmnium Cultural. Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 23 September 2015.
  5. ^ a b "Òmnium Cultural - Seus territorials". Retrieved 25 July 2017.
  6. ^ "Resultats i fitxa". Diari Oficial de la Generalitat de Catalunya.
  7. ^ Serra, Catalina (21 March 2010). "Muriel Casals releva a Jordi Porta al frente de Òmnium". El País. Retrieved 2015-06-23.
  8. ^ Gaspar Pericay Coll. "Catalan News Agency - The Constitutional Court rejects the exclusion of its President requested by the Catalan Government". catalannewsagency.com. Retrieved 23 September 2015.
  9. ^ Catalan citizens protest for greater self-government (10-J). YouTube. 13 July 2010. Archived from the original on 2021-12-19. Retrieved 23 September 2015.
  10. ^ "Jordi Cuixart és proclamat nou president d'Òmnium". Òmnium Cultural. Retrieved 2017-07-25.
  11. ^ "El portaveu d'Òmnium Cultural, Marcel Mauri, fa una crida a la mobilització dissabte per exigir la llibertat de Jordi Cuixart i Jordi Sànchez". Òmnium Cultural (in Catalan). 17 October 2017. Retrieved 6 December 2018.
  12. ^ "Cuixart pasa el relevo a Antich al frente de Òmnium Cultural". Revista Rambla (in Spanish). Retrieved 10 April 2022.
  13. ^ "Sànchez y Cuixart se disponen a pasar su primera noche en prisión". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). 17 October 2017. Retrieved 6 December 2018.
  14. ^ "Spain: charges for sedition and pre-trial detention against Jordi Cuixart and Jordi Sànchez are excessive". Amnesty International. Retrieved 2017-10-18.
  15. ^ "Actualización de la situación en Cataluña". Amnesty International (in Spanish). 1 October 2018. Retrieved 23 November 2018.
  16. ^ "High Commissioner's global update of human rights concerns". OHCHR. 2018-03-07. Retrieved 2018-03-08.
  17. ^ "Statement following PEN International's visit to imprisoned Catalan civil society leaders". PEN International. 8 August 2018. Retrieved 9 August 2018.
  18. ^ "Spain: Open Letter: End the arbitrary pre-trial detention of social leader Mr. Jordi Cuixart". World Organisation Against Torture. Geneva. 22 November 2018. Retrieved 22 November 2018.
  19. ^ "Jordi Cuixart in pre-trial detention". Front Line Defenders. 23 November 2018. Retrieved 31 July 2020.
  20. ^ "Spain: Human rights defender in pre-trial detention for over a year" (PDF). Front Line Defenders. 23 November 2018. Retrieved 31 July 2020.
  21. ^ "IADL calls for release of Catalan political prisoners". International Association of Democratic Lawyers. 3 December 2018. Retrieved 30 December 2018.
  22. ^ "Òmnium bat el rècord i supera el Barça en nombre de socis a Catalunya". dBalears (in Catalan). 26 February 2019. Retrieved 28 February 2019.
  23. ^ "Portada - Acció Cultural del País Valencià - ACPV". acpv.cat. Retrieved 23 September 2015.
  24. ^ "OCB.CAT". Retrieved 23 September 2015.
  25. ^ Fernández, Antonio (6 April 2012). "La soberanista Òmnium Cultural ha ganado 13 millones en fondos públicos desde 2005". El Confidencial. Retrieved 30 April 2022.
  26. ^ "El Govern hace pública una subvención de 1,4 millones a Òmnium Cultural". La Vanguardia. 21 February 2012. Retrieved 23 September 2015.
  27. ^ "Òmnium recibe 20 millones en ayudas para la secesión, según ABC". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). 10 October 2017. Retrieved 15 January 2022.
  28. ^ Faura Casas, Auditors Consultors (16 June 2017). "Audited accounts of Òmnium Cultural 2016" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 September 2017. Retrieved 25 July 2017.
  29. ^ "El Govern no va subvencionar Òmnium durant l'1-O, segons la Guàrdia Civil". El País (in Catalan). 30 November 2018. Retrieved 28 February 2019.
  30. ^ "Cop de l'Estat també a l'ANC i Òmnium: multa de 440.000 euros per la 'gigaenquesta'". 20 November 2015.
  31. ^ "Protección de Datos sanciona a la ANC y a Òmnium por la 'gigaencuesta'". 20 November 2015.
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Òmnium_Cultural&oldid=1243585875"