Road curve: Difference between revisions

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Road curves are irregular bends in roads to bring a gradual change of direction. Similar curves are on railways and canals.

Curves provided in the horizontal plane are known as horizontal curves and are generally circular or parabolic. Curves provided in the vertical plane are known as vertical curve.

Five types of horizontal curves on roads and railways:

Simple curve
Compound curve
Transition curve
Reverse curve
Deviation curve

Two types of vertical curves on roads:

Valley curve
Summit curve

Horizontal Curve

Simple curve

A simple curve has the same radius throughout and is a single arc of a circle, with two tangents meeting at the intersection (B in this diagram).

Compound curve

A compound curve has two or more simple curves with different radii that bend the same way and are on the same side of a common tangent. In this diagram, MN is the common tangent.

Reverse curve

Also called a serpentine curve, it is the reverse of a compound curve, and two simple curves bent in opposite directions are on opposite sides of the common tangent.

Deviation curve

A deviation curve is simply a combination of two reverse curves. It is used when it is necessary to deviate from a given straight path to avoid intervening obstructions such as a building, a body of water, or other significant site.

Transition curve

Is a curve with a gradual change in elevation on the outside of the curve to help drivers comfortably take turns at faster speeds

Vertical road

Valley curve

Also called a sag curve, this curve dips down and then rises back up. These are placed in the base of hills. The opposite of summit curve.

Summit curve

Also called the crest curve, this curve rises and then dips down. At the peak of hills. The opposite of valley curve.

References

Kobryń, Andrzej (2017), "Sample Applications of Transition Curves in Vertical Alignment", Transition Curves for Highway Geometric Design, Springer Tracts on Transportation and Traffic, vol. 14, Springer International Publishing, pp. 109–131, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-53727-6_9, ISBN 9783319537269

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+{{Short description|A section of pathway that changes direction}}
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+{{More references|date=November 2019}}
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+[[File:CR833 Snake Road Aerial (30872325991) (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|Curvy road in through swamps in Florida]]
-Curves are regular bends provided in the lines of communication like [[roads]], [[railways]] etc. and also in [[canals]] to bring gradual change of direction. Curves provided in the horizontal plane are known as Horizontal Curves. They may be circular or parabolic.
+'''Road curves''' are irregular bends in [[roads]] to bring a gradual change of direction. Similar curves are on [[railways]] and [[canals]].
-Circular Curves provided on roads are classfied into 4 types:
-* Simple Curve
-* Compound Curve
-* Reverse or Serpentine Curve
-* Deviation Curve
+Curves provided in the horizontal plane are known as horizontal curves and are generally circular or parabolic. Curves provided in the vertical plane are known as vertical curve.
-==Simple Curve==
-[[File:Curve 2014-08-18 12-57.jpg|thumb|Simple road curve]]
-A curve is said to be simple when it has same radius throughout and consists of single [[arc]] of [[circle]] with two tangents meeting at actual point of intersection of roads. In the diagram shown '''B''' is the actual point of intersection of roads.
-<ref>surveying volume 1 by Dr B.c Punmia</ref>
+Five types of horizontal curves on roads and railways:
-==Compound Curve==
+* Simple curve
-[[File:Road curve 2014-08-18 12-16.jpg|thumb|Compound Curve diagram]]
+* Compound curve
-A compound Curve Consists of two or more simple curves having different radii but bending in same direction and lying on same side of common tangent. In the diagram shown MN is the commom tangent.
+* Transition curve
+* Reverse curve
+* Deviation curve
+Two types of vertical curves on roads:
-==Reverse Curve==
-{{main|Reverse curve}}
-[[File:Curve 2014-08-18 12-52.jpg|thumb|Reverse Curve]]
-It is also called as serpentine curve and is just reverse of compound curve. In this type of curve, two simple curves bent in opposite directions on different sides of common tangent.
+* Valley curve
-==Deviation Curve==
+* Summit curve
-[[File:Curve 2014-08-18 12-19.jpg|thumb|Deviation curve diagram]]
-Deviation curve is simply combination of two reverse curves. It is used when it becomes necessary to deviate from given straight path in order to avoid intervening obstructions such as building, places of worship, river etc.
+== Horizontal Curve ==
-<ref>text book of surveying by prof.  C.L KOCHHER for diploma</ref>
+===Simple curve===
+[[File:Curve 2014-08-18 12-57.jpg|thumb|Diagram of simple curve]]
+A simple curve has the same [[radius]] throughout and is a single [[arc (geometry)|arc]] of a [[circle]], with two [[tangent]]s meeting at the intersection (B in this diagram).
+===Compound curve===
+[[File:Road curve 2014-08-18 12-16.jpg|thumb|Diagram of compound curve]]
+A compound curve has two or more simple curves with different radii that bend the same way and are on the same side of a common tangent. In this diagram, MN is the common tangent.
+===Reverse curve===
+{{main article|Reverse curve}}
+[[File:Curve 2014-08-18 12-52.jpg|thumb|Diagram of reverse curve]]
+Also called a serpentine curve, it is the reverse of a compound curve, and two simple curves bent in opposite directions are on opposite sides of the common tangent.
+===Deviation curve===
+[[File:Curve 2014-08-18 12-19.jpg|thumb|Diagram of deviation curve]]
+A deviation curve is simply a combination of two reverse curves. It is used when it is necessary to deviate from a given straight path to avoid intervening obstructions such as a building, a body of water, or other significant site.
+=== Transition curve ===
+Is a curve with a gradual change in elevation on the outside of the curve to help drivers comfortably take turns at faster speeds
+== Vertical road ==
+=== Valley curve ===
+Also called a sag curve, this curve dips down and then rises back up. These are placed in the base of hills. The opposite of summit curve.
+=== Summit curve ===
+Also called the crest curve, this curve rises and then dips down. At the peak of hills. The opposite of valley curve.
 ==See also==
+{{div col|colwidth=23em}}
+* [[Geometric design of roads]]
+* [[Hairpin turn]]
 * [[Ranging rod]]s
-* [[Tape (surveying)]]
 * [[Survey camp]]
+* [[Tape (surveying)]]
+* [[Transition curve]]
+{{div col end}}
 ==References==
 <references />
+* {{Citation|last=Kobryń|first=Andrzej|title=Sample Applications of Transition Curves in Vertical Alignment |date=2017|doi=10.1007/978-3-319-53727-6_9|work=Transition Curves for Highway Geometric Design|series=Springer Tracts on Transportation and Traffic |volume=14 |pages=109–131|publisher=Springer International Publishing|isbn=9783319537269}}
-<!--- After listing your sources please cite them using inline citations and place them after the information they cite. Please see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:REFB for instructions on how to add citations. --->
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-<!--- STOP! Be warned that by using this process instead of Articles for Creation, this article is subject to scrutiny. As an article in "mainspace", it will be DELETED if there are problems, not just declined. If you wish to use AfC, please return to the Wizard and continue from there. --->
 [[Category:Surveying]]
 [[Category:Civil engineering]]
+{{road-stub}}