Road curve: Difference between revisions

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Road curves are irregular bends in roads to bring a gradual change of direction. Similar curves are on railways and canals.

Curves provided in the horizontal plane are known as horizontal curves and are generally circular or parabolic. Curves provided in the vertical plane are known as vertical curve.

Five types of horizontal curves on roads and railways:

Simple curve
Compound curve
Transition curve
Reverse curve
Deviation curve

Two types of vertical curves on roads:

Valley curve
Summit curve

Horizontal Curve

Simple curve

A simple curve has the same radius throughout and is a single arc of a circle, with two tangents meeting at the intersection (B in this diagram).

Compound curve

A compound curve has two or more simple curves with different radii that bend the same way and are on the same side of a common tangent. In this diagram, MN is the common tangent.

Reverse curve

Also called a serpentine curve, it is the reverse of a compound curve, and two simple curves bent in opposite directions are on opposite sides of the common tangent.

Deviation curve

A deviation curve is simply a combination of two reverse curves. It is used when it is necessary to deviate from a given straight path to avoid intervening obstructions such as a building, a body of water, or other significant site.

Transition curve

Is a curve with a gradual change in elevation on the outside of the curve to help drivers comfortably take turns at faster speeds

Vertical road

Valley curve

Also called a sag curve, this curve dips down and then rises back up. These are placed in the base of hills. The opposite of summit curve.

Summit curve

Also called the crest curve, this curve rises and then dips down. At the peak of hills. The opposite of valley curve.

References

Kobryń, Andrzej (2017), "Sample Applications of Transition Curves in Vertical Alignment", Transition Curves for Highway Geometric Design, Springer Tracts on Transportation and Traffic, vol. 14, Springer International Publishing, pp. 109–131, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-53727-6_9, ISBN 9783319537269

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+{{Short description|A section of pathway that changes direction}}
-'''Road curves''' are regular bends in [[roads]] to bring a gradual change of direction. Similar curves are on [[railways]] and [[canals]].
+{{More references|date=November 2019}}
+[[File:CR833 Snake Road Aerial (30872325991) (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|Curvy road in through swamps in Florida]]
+'''Road curves''' are irregular bends in [[roads]] to bring a gradual change of direction. Similar curves are on [[railways]] and [[canals]].
-Curves provided in the horizontal plane are known as horizontal curves and are circular or parabolic.
+Curves provided in the horizontal plane are known as horizontal curves and are generally circular or parabolic. Curves provided in the vertical plane are known as vertical curve.
-Four types of circular curves are on roads:
+Five types of horizontal curves on roads and railways:
 * Simple curve
 * Compound curve
-* Reverse or serpentine curve
+* Transition curve
+* Reverse curve
 * Deviation curve
+Two types of vertical curves on roads:
-==Simple curve==
-[[File:Curve 2014-08-18 12-57.jpg|thumb|Diagram]]
-A simple curve has the same radius throughout and is a single [[arc (geometry)|arc]] of [[circle]], with two tangents meeting at the intersection (B in this diagram).
-==Compound curve==
+* Valley curve
+* Summit curve
-[[File:Road curve 2014-08-18 12-16.jpg|thumb|Diagram]]
+== Horizontal Curve ==
+===Simple curve===
+[[File:Curve 2014-08-18 12-57.jpg|thumb|Diagram of simple curve]]
+A simple curve has the same [[radius]] throughout and is a single [[arc (geometry)|arc]] of a [[circle]], with two [[tangent]]s meeting at the intersection (B in this diagram).
+===Compound curve===
+[[File:Road curve 2014-08-18 12-16.jpg|thumb|Diagram of compound curve]]
 A compound curve has two or more simple curves with different radii that bend the same way and are on the same side of a common tangent. In this diagram, MN is the common tangent.
-==Reverse curve==
+===Reverse curve===
 {{main article|Reverse curve}}
-[[File:Curve 2014-08-18 12-52.jpg|thumb|Reverse curve]]
+[[File:Curve 2014-08-18 12-52.jpg|thumb|Diagram of reverse curve]]
 Also called a serpentine curve, it is the reverse of a compound curve, and two simple curves bent in opposite directions are on opposite sides of the common tangent.
-==Deviation curve==
+===Deviation curve===
-[[File:Curve 2014-08-18 12-19.jpg|thumb|Diagram]]
+[[File:Curve 2014-08-18 12-19.jpg|thumb|Diagram of deviation curve]]
-A deviation curve is simply a combination of two reverse curves. It is used when it is necessary to deviate from given straight path to avoid intervening obstructions such as a building, and place of worship, or river.
+A deviation curve is simply a combination of two reverse curves. It is used when it is necessary to deviate from a given straight path to avoid intervening obstructions such as a building, a body of water, or other significant site.
+=== Transition curve ===
+Is a curve with a gradual change in elevation on the outside of the curve to help drivers comfortably take turns at faster speeds
+== Vertical road ==
+=== Valley curve ===
+Also called a sag curve, this curve dips down and then rises back up. These are placed in the base of hills. The opposite of summit curve.
+=== Summit curve ===
+Also called the crest curve, this curve rises and then dips down. At the peak of hills. The opposite of valley curve.
 ==See also==
+{{div col|colwidth=23em}}
+* [[Geometric design of roads]]
+* [[Hairpin turn]]
 * [[Ranging rod]]s
-* [[Tape (surveying)]]
 * [[Survey camp]]
+* [[Tape (surveying)]]
-* [[Switchback]]{{dn|date=June 2018}}
+* [[Transition curve]]
+{{div col end}}
+==References==
+<references />
+* {{Citation|last=Kobryń|first=Andrzej|title=Sample Applications of Transition Curves in Vertical Alignment |date=2017|doi=10.1007/978-3-319-53727-6_9|work=Transition Curves for Highway Geometric Design|series=Springer Tracts on Transportation and Traffic |volume=14 |pages=109–131|publisher=Springer International Publishing|isbn=9783319537269}}
-<!--- STOP! Be warned that by using this process instead of Articles for Creation, this article is subject to scrutiny. As an article in "mainspace", it will be DELETED if there are problems, not just declined. If you wish to use AfC, please return to the Wizard and continue from there. --->
 [[Category:Surveying]]
 [[Category:Civil engineering]]
+{{road-stub}}