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{{Short description|Auto/passenger ferries operated by Washington State}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin|sclass=2
|infobox caption=Kwa-di Tabil class
}}
{{Infobox ship image
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=[[File:MV Chetzemoka at Keystone 2011.JPG|300px]]
| Ship image = MV Chetzemoka at Keystone 2011.JPG
|Ship caption={{MV|Chetzemoka}}, the first of the class, sailing into Keystone Harbor (2011)}}
| Ship caption = {{MV|Chetzemoka}}, the first of the class, sailing into Keystone Harbor (2011)
}}
{{Infobox ship class overview
{{Infobox ship class overview
|Builders=Todd Shipyards
| Builders = [[Todd Pacific Shipyards]], [[Seattle]], Washington
|Operators=2010 - future [[Washington State Ferries]]
| Operators = [[Washington State Ferries]]
|Class before=[[Steel Electric Class ferry]]
| Class before = {{sclass2|Steel Electric|ferry|4}}
|Class after=
| Class after =
|Subclasses=
| Subclasses =
|Built range=2009 - 2011
| Built range = 2009–2012
|In service range=2010 - present
| In service range = 2010–present
|Total ships planned=3
| Total ships planned = 3
|Total ships completed=3
| Total ships completed = 3
|Total ships cancelled=
| Total ships cancelled =
|Total ships active=3
| Total ships active = 3
|Total ships laid up=
| Total ships laid up =
|Total ships lost=
| Total ships lost =
|Total ships retired=
| Total ships retired =
|Total ships preserved=
| Total ships preserved =
}}
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
| Hide header =
|Header caption=
| Header caption =
|Ship type=auto/passenger ferry
| Ship type = Auto/passenger ferry
|Ship tonnage=4623
| Ship tonnage = 4,623
|Ship displacement=Not Available
| Ship displacement = {{Displacement|1,515|long|first=yes}}
|Ship length=273' 8"
| Ship length = {{convert|273|ft|8|in|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship beam=64'
| Ship beam = {{convert|64|ft|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship height=
| Ship height =
|Ship draught=
| Ship draught =
|Ship draft=11'
| Ship draft = {{convert|11|ft|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship depth=
| Ship depth =
|Ship decks=1 vehicle <br /> 2 passenger
| Ship decks = 7
|Ship deck clearance=15' 10" - 16' 1"
| Ship deck clearance = {{convert|16|ft|1|in|m|abbr=on|1}} max
|Ship ramps=
| Ship ramps =
|Ship ice class=
| Ship ice class =
|Ship sail plan=
| Ship sail plan =
|Ship power=2 x [[Diesel engine]]s<br /> 3,000 Horsepower each
| Ship power = {{convert|6000|hp|lk=in|abbr=on}} total from two EMD 710 [[diesel engine]]s
|Ship propulsion=
| Ship propulsion =
|Ship speed=12 Knots
| Ship speed = * {{convert|15|kn|lk=in}} max
|Ship capacity=750 passengers<br /> max. 64 vehicles
| Ship capacity =
* 748 passengers
⚫
|Ship crew=
* 64 vehicles (maximum)
|Ship notes=}}
| Ship crew = 10<ref>{{Cite web |title=Getting on and off Chetzemoka: Learning how to use state's newest ferry |url=https://www.ptleader.com/stories/getting-on-and-off-chetzemoka-learning-how-to-use-states-newest-ferry,53257 |access-date=2021-12-20 |website=Port Townsend Leader |language=en}}</ref>
⚫
| Ship notes =
}}
|}
|}


The '''Kwa-di Tabil''' (kwah DEE tah-bale)<ref>http://www.peninsuladailynews.com/article/20100119/news/301199996</ref> '''class ferries''', previously known as the '''100 Vehicle Class'''<ref>http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/NR/rdonlyres/7C44DC13-F887-4B42-8EF9-AD1FD9ADF2E3/0/PTKVesselPlanningStudyDec102007.pdf</ref> and later '''64 Vehicle Class''',<ref>http://www.leg.wa.gov/JTC/Documents/Ferries/SteelElectricsUpdate070808.pdf</ref><ref>http://legacy.sname.org/sections/pacific_northwest/images/R07302%20SNAME%20ISLAND%20HOME%20presentation.pdf</ref> were built by [[Washington State Ferries]] to replace the retired [[Steel Electric Class ferry|Steel Electric ferries]]. The new vessels are intended to serve lower traffic routes and will carry up to 64 vehicles. The [[Washington (U.S. state)|State of Washington]] has spent approximately $213 million to construct three ferries in this class.<ref name=st2012>{{cite news|title=New ferry Kennewick joining Washington fleet|url=http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2017172177_apwanewferry.html|accessdate=30 April 2012|newspaper=[[The Seattle Times]]|date=January 6, 2012}}</ref>
'''Kwa-di Tabil-class ferries'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwa-di Tabil: Students to be feted today for naming class of new state ferry |last=Chew |first=Jeff |work=Peninsula Daily News |url=http://www.peninsuladailynews.com/article/20100119/news/301199996 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324034808/http://www.peninsuladailynews.com/article/20100119/news/301199996 |archive-date=2012-03-24 |access-date=2011-07-01}}</ref> ({{respell|kwah|DEE|tah|BALE}}) were built for [[Washington State Ferries]] to replace the retired {{sclass2|Steel Electric|ferry|0}} ferries. The vessels serve lower-traffic routes and carry up to 64 vehicles. The [[Washington (U.S. state)|State of Washington]] spent approximately $213 million to construct the three ferries in this class.<ref name="st2012">{{Cite news |date=January 6, 2012 |title=New ferry Kennewick joining Washington fleet |work=[[The Seattle Times]] |url=http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2017172177_apwanewferry.html |access-date=30 April 2012}}</ref>


In the design stage, the class was called the '''100 Vehicle-class'''<ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=Vessel Planning Study |url=http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/NR/rdonlyres/7C44DC13-F887-4B42-8EF9-AD1FD9ADF2E3/0/PTKVesselPlanningStudyDec102007.pdf |website=Wsdot.wa.gov |format=PDF |access-date=27 July 2019}}</ref> and later '''64 Vehicle-class''' ferries.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Island Home Design |url=http://www.leg.wa.gov/JTC/Documents/Ferries/SteelElectricsUpdate070808.pdf |website=Leg.wa.gov |format=PDF |access-date=27 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tradition and Innovation: The Design of the Ferry Island Home |publisher=Elliott Bay Design Group |last=Wolff |first=Douglas |date=November 16, 2007 |url=http://legacy.sname.org/sections/pacific_northwest/images/R07302%20SNAME%20ISLAND%20HOME%20presentation.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111009175404/http://legacy.sname.org/sections/pacific_northwest/images/R07302%20SNAME%20ISLAND%20HOME%20presentation.pdf |archive-date=2011-10-09 |access-date=2011-07-27}}</ref>

==Ferries==
Ferries in this class include:
Ferries in this class include:
* {{MV|Chetzemoka}}
* {{MV|Chetzemoka}}
Line 53: Line 63:


==History==
==History==
In November 2007, [[Washington State Ferries]] removed the 80 year old [[Steel Electric Class ferry|Steel Electric ferries]] from service for safety reasons. Routine inspections revealed serious hull damage on two of the four old vessels. When the Steel Electrics were removed from service, there were no ferries able to carry vehicles on Port Townsend - Keystone route.<ref name="multiref1">[http://www.governor.wa.gov/news/news-view.asp?pressRelease=790&newsType=1 New Ferries press release]</ref>
In November 2007, [[Washington State Ferries]] made the decision to remove the 80-year-old {{sclass2|Steel Electric|ferry|0}} ferries from service over safety concerns. Routine inspections revealed serious hull corrosion damage on two of the four old vessels. When the Steel Electrics were removed from service, there were no ferries able to carry vehicles on [[Port Townsend-Coupeville ferry|Port Townsend-Coupeville]] route as no other vessel could be used in Coupeville's small, shallow Keystone Harbor.<ref name="multiref1">{{Cite web |title=News & Media &#124; Governor Jay Inslee |url=https://www.governor.wa.gov/news-media/news-media?pressRelease=790&newsType=1 |url-status=dead |website=Governor.wa.gov |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080312004852/http://www.governor.wa.gov/news/news-view.asp?pressRelease=790&newsType=1 |archivedate=March 12, 2008}}</ref>

Due to the vessel shortage created by the sudden retirement of the Steel Electric-class ferries, Washington State Ferries (WSF) decided to base the design of the Kwa-di Tabil-class ferries on an existing ferry, {{MV|Island Home||2}}, which runs between [[Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts]] and [[Woods Hole, Massachusetts]]. The [[Washington (state)|Washington]] State Legislature authorized and funded vessel construction in February 2008<ref name="multiref2">{{Cite web |title=SB 6794 |url=http://apps.leg.wa.gov/documents/billdocs/2007-08/Pdf/Bills/Senate%20Bills/6794-S.pdf |website=Apps.leg.wa.gov |format=PDF |access-date=27 July 2019}}</ref> and the first vessel was built on tight 18-month schedule by [[Todd Pacific Shipyards]] in [[Seattle]] (by state law all new WSF vessels are built in Washington).<ref name="multiref2" />


The first ferry, {{MV|Chetzemoka||2}}, was christened by Governor [[Christine Gregoire]] and began service November 14, 2010<ref>{{Cite news |last=Gilmore |first=Susan |date=14 November 2010 |title=Washington state's newest ferry, Chetzemoka, christened Sunday |work=The Seattle Times |url=http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2013435687_chetzy15m.html}}</ref> on the Port Townsend-Coupeville route. Two boat service returned to the route on July 1, 2011 with the delivery of the second ferry, {{MV|Salish||2}}.<ref name="salishstart">{{Cite web |title=New state ferry Salish enters service |url=http://www.komonews.com/news/local/124880604.html |website=Komonews.com |access-date=27 July 2019}}</ref> {{MV|Kennewick||2}} entered service on February 14, 2012 and was assigned to the Port Townsend-Coupeville route, allowing ''Chetzemoka'' to be reassigned to the [[Point Defiance–Tahlequah Ferry|Point Defiance–Tahlequah]] route and the 65-year-old ferry {{MV|Rhododendron||2}} to be retired.
The State Legislature authorized and funded vessel construction in February 2008.<ref name="multiref2">[http://apps.leg.wa.gov/documents/billdocs/2007-08/Pdf/Bills/Senate%20Bills/6794-S.pdf SB 6794]</ref> As required by law, all new [[Washington State Ferries]] vessels are built in [[Washington (U.S. state)|Washington]].<ref name="multiref2"/>


==Issues==
The first ferry, {{MV|Chetzemoka}}, was christened by Gov. Christine Gregoire and began service November 14, 2010<ref>{{cite news| url=http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2013435687_chetzy15m.html | work=The Seattle Times | first=Susan | last=Gilmore | title=Washington state's newest ferry, Chetzemoka, christened Sunday | date=14 November 2010}}</ref> on the Port Townsend - Coupeville route. The {{MV|Salish}} began serving the Port Townsend-Keystone (Coupeville) route alongside the ''Chetzemoka'' on July 1, 2011.<ref name="salishstart">[http://www.komonews.com/news/local/124880604.html New state ferry Salish enters service]</ref> The {{MV|Kennewick}} began service between [[Port Townsend, Washington|Port Townsend]] and [[Coupeville, Washington|Coupeville]] on February 14, 2012.
The Kwa-di Tabil-class ferries have had a number of problems since they were delivered. Most seriously, the non-symmetrical design of the ships caused them to [[List (watercraft)|list]] noticeably to one side. After a few months in service, [[ballast]] was added to one side of the vessels to correct the list.<ref name="Issues">{{Cite web |title=The Kwa-di Tabil Class |url=http://www.evergreenfleet.com/kwaditabil.html |website=Evergreenfleet.com |access-date=2015-04-16}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Elliott |first=Walt |date=2013-06-06 |title=A look at the issues regarding newest ferries |work=Kitsap Daily News |url=https://www.kitsapdailynews.com/life/a-look-at-the-issues-regarding-newest-ferries-ferry-fare/ |access-date=2021-12-20 }}</ref>


Despite promises that the Kwa-di Tabil-class ferries were designed to serve all routes and terminals in the WSF system, they have proven to be ill-suited for many routes.<ref name=Issues /> The narrow car decks on the ferries make it difficult to turn vehicles around<ref name=Issues /> (necessary on the inter-island route in the [[San Juan Islands]] and on the Fauntleroy / Vashon / Southworth route). During a December 2012 and January 2013 fleet emergency, ''Salish'' was pressed into service on the well-traveled Bremerton-Seattle run. It was at that time that it was discovered that the diesel fuel-hungry engines on the Kwa-di Tabil-class ferries struggled to make the {{convert|15.5|kn|lk=in}} speed for which they had been designed, and ''Salish'' averaged at best {{convert|13|kn}}.<ref name="Salish">{{Cite web |title=The Salish |url=http://www.evergreenfleet.com/salish.html |website=Evergreenfleet.com |access-date=2015-04-16}}</ref>
This class vessel (M/V Salish) was used as an emergency replacement vessel on the well traveled Bremerton-Seattle run, during this time it was observed the overpowered and Diesel fuel hungry engines couldn't make the 16 knot speed they were designed for and could do at best 12 knots (earning the nickname M/V slowish) resulting in major travel delays on top of the reduced capacity one would expect from this small vessel.


==References==
==References==
Line 65: Line 78:


== External links ==
== External links ==
*[http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/ferries/your_wsf/our_fleet/index.cfm?fuseaction=classes Washington State Ferries class information]
* [http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/ferries/your_wsf/our_fleet/index.cfm?fuseaction=classes Washington State Ferries class information]
*[http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/ferries/your_wsf/index.cfm?fuseaction=our_history Washington State Ferries class history]
* [http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/ferries/your_wsf/index.cfm?fuseaction=our_history Washington State Ferries class history] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121012062424/http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/Ferries/yourwsf/ |date=2012-10-12 }}
*[http://www.evergreenfleet.com/index.html Evergreen Fleet]
* [http://www.evergreenfleet.com/kwaditabil.html Evergreen Fleet]
*[http://www.evergreenfleet.com/thenewferries.html]


{{WSF Ferry Classes}}
{{WSF Ferry Classes}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:100 Vehicle Class Ferry}}
[[Category:Washington State Ferries vessel classes]]
[[Category:Washington State Ferries vessel classes]]
[[Category:Ferry classes]]
[[Category:Proposed transportation infrastructure in the United States]]

Latest revision as of 15:34, 8 September 2024

Kwa-di Tabil class
MV Chetzemoka, the first of the class, sailing into Keystone Harbor (2011)
Class overview
BuildersTodd Pacific Shipyards, Seattle, Washington
OperatorsWashington State Ferries
Preceded bySteel Electric class
Built2009–2012
In service2010–present
Planned3
Completed3
Active3
General characteristics
TypeAuto/passenger ferry
Tonnage4,623
Displacement1,515 long tons of displacement
Length273 ft 8 in (83.41 m)
Beam64 ft (20 m)
Draft11 ft (3.4 m)
Decks7
Deck clearance16 ft 1 in (4.9 m) max
Installed power6,000 hp (4,500 kW) total from two EMD 710 diesel engines
Speed15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph) max
Capacity
  • 748 passengers
  • 64 vehicles (maximum)
Crew10[1]

Kwa-di Tabil-class ferries[2] (kwah-DEE-tah-BALE) were built for Washington State Ferries to replace the retired Steel Electric-class ferries. The vessels serve lower-traffic routes and carry up to 64 vehicles. The State of Washington spent approximately $213 million to construct the three ferries in this class.[3]

In the design stage, the class was called the 100 Vehicle-class[4] and later 64 Vehicle-class ferries.[5][6]

Ferries

[edit]

Ferries in this class include:

History

[edit]

In November 2007, Washington State Ferries made the decision to remove the 80-year-old Steel Electric-class ferries from service over safety concerns. Routine inspections revealed serious hull corrosion damage on two of the four old vessels. When the Steel Electrics were removed from service, there were no ferries able to carry vehicles on Port Townsend-Coupeville route as no other vessel could be used in Coupeville's small, shallow Keystone Harbor.[7]

Due to the vessel shortage created by the sudden retirement of the Steel Electric-class ferries, Washington State Ferries (WSF) decided to base the design of the Kwa-di Tabil-class ferries on an existing ferry, Island Home, which runs between Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts and Woods Hole, Massachusetts. The Washington State Legislature authorized and funded vessel construction in February 2008[8] and the first vessel was built on tight 18-month schedule by Todd Pacific Shipyards in Seattle (by state law all new WSF vessels are built in Washington).[8]

The first ferry, Chetzemoka, was christened by Governor Christine Gregoire and began service November 14, 2010[9] on the Port Townsend-Coupeville route. Two boat service returned to the route on July 1, 2011 with the delivery of the second ferry, Salish.[10] Kennewick entered service on February 14, 2012 and was assigned to the Port Townsend-Coupeville route, allowing Chetzemoka to be reassigned to the Point Defiance–Tahlequah route and the 65-year-old ferry Rhododendron to be retired.

Issues

[edit]

The Kwa-di Tabil-class ferries have had a number of problems since they were delivered. Most seriously, the non-symmetrical design of the ships caused them to list noticeably to one side. After a few months in service, ballast was added to one side of the vessels to correct the list.[11][12]

Despite promises that the Kwa-di Tabil-class ferries were designed to serve all routes and terminals in the WSF system, they have proven to be ill-suited for many routes.[11] The narrow car decks on the ferries make it difficult to turn vehicles around[11] (necessary on the inter-island route in the San Juan Islands and on the Fauntleroy / Vashon / Southworth route). During a December 2012 and January 2013 fleet emergency, Salish was pressed into service on the well-traveled Bremerton-Seattle run. It was at that time that it was discovered that the diesel fuel-hungry engines on the Kwa-di Tabil-class ferries struggled to make the 15.5 knots (28.7 km/h; 17.8 mph) speed for which they had been designed, and Salish averaged at best 13 knots (24 km/h; 15 mph).[13]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Getting on and off Chetzemoka: Learning how to use state's newest ferry". Port Townsend Leader. Retrieved 2021-12-20.
  2. ^ Chew, Jeff. "Kwa-di Tabil: Students to be feted today for naming class of new state ferry". Peninsula Daily News. Archived from the original on 2012-03-24. Retrieved 2011-07-01.
  3. ^ "New ferry Kennewick joining Washington fleet". The Seattle Times. January 6, 2012. Retrieved 30 April 2012.
  4. ^ "Vessel Planning Study" (PDF). Wsdot.wa.gov. 2008. Retrieved 27 July 2019.
  5. ^ "Island Home Design" (PDF). Leg.wa.gov. Retrieved 27 July 2019.
  6. ^ Wolff, Douglas (November 16, 2007). "Tradition and Innovation: The Design of the Ferry Island Home" (PDF). Elliott Bay Design Group. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-10-09. Retrieved 2011-07-27.
  7. ^ "News & Media | Governor Jay Inslee". Governor.wa.gov. Archived from the original on March 12, 2008.
  8. ^ a b "SB 6794" (PDF). Apps.leg.wa.gov. Retrieved 27 July 2019.
  9. ^ Gilmore, Susan (14 November 2010). "Washington state's newest ferry, Chetzemoka, christened Sunday". The Seattle Times.
  10. ^ "New state ferry Salish enters service". Komonews.com. Retrieved 27 July 2019.
  11. ^ a b c "The Kwa-di Tabil Class". Evergreenfleet.com. Retrieved 2015-04-16.
  12. ^ Elliott, Walt (2013-06-06). "A look at the issues regarding newest ferries". Kitsap Daily News. Retrieved 2021-12-20.
  13. ^ "The Salish". Evergreenfleet.com. Retrieved 2015-04-16.
[edit]
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