Morbilliform: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Skin rash resembling measles}} |
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The term '''morbilliform''' refers to a [[rash]] that looks like [[measles]]. The rash consists of [[Macule|macular]] [[lesion]]s that are red and usually 2–10 mm in diameter but may be confluent in places.<ref>[http://www.pediatrics.wisc.edu/education/derm/tutc/morbilliform.html Primary Care Dermatology Module. Nomenclature of Skin Lesions] The [[University of Wisconsin]]. Department of Pediatrics. Retrieved on Nov 30, 2009</ref> |
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{{Infobox medical condition |
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| name = Morbilliform |
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| image =Morbillivirus measles infection.jpg |
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| field = [[Dermatology]] |
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The term '''morbilliform''' refers to a [[rash]] that looks like [[measles]].<ref name=Haber2022>{{cite journal |last1=Haber |first1=Jessica S. |last2=Cipriano |first2=Sarah D. |last3=Oza |first3=Vikash S. |title=Morbilliform Eruptions in the Hospitalized Child |journal=Dermatologic Clinics |date=April 2022 |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=191–202 |doi=10.1016/j.det.2021.12.006 |pmid=35366972 |pmc=8896762 |issn=0733-8635}}</ref><ref name=Morris10>{{cite book |last1=Morris-Jones|first1=Rachel|editor1-last=Morris-Jones |editor1-first=Rachael |title=ABC of Dermatology |date=2019 |publisher=Wiley Blackwell |location=Hoboken |isbn=978-1-119-48899-6 |pages=75–77 |edition=7th |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Lm2fDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA75 |language=en |chapter=10. The skin and systemic disease}}</ref> The rash consists of [[Macule|macular]] [[lesion]]s that are red and usually 2–10 mm in diameter but may be confluent in places.<ref>[http://www.pediatrics.wisc.edu/education/derm/tutc/morbilliform.html Primary Care Dermatology Module. Nomenclature of Skin Lesions] The [[University of Wisconsin]]. Department of Pediatrics. Retrieved on Nov 30, 2009</ref> A morbilliform rash is a rose-red flat ([[macular]]) or slightly elevated ([[maculopapular]]) eruption, showing circular or elliptical lesions varying in diameter from 1 to 3 mm, with healthy-looking skin intervening.{{cn|date=August 2022}} |
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Patients with measles will have the rash but there are other syndromes and infections that will display the same symptom such as patients with [[Kawasaki disease]],<ref name=thefreedict/> [[meningococcal]] [[petechiae]] or [[Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome]],<ref name=thefreedict/> congenital |
Patients with measles will have the rash but there are other syndromes and infections that will display the same symptom such as patients with [[Kawasaki disease]],<ref name=thefreedict/> [[meningococcal]] [[petechiae]] or [[Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome]],<ref name=thefreedict/> [[Dengue]], [[Roseola]], congenital syphilis,<ref name="AFP">American Family Physician Sept 1st 2012 Vol 86 No 5 pp381-482 Syphilis: A re-emerging infection.</ref> [[rubella]],<ref name=thefreedict/> [[echovirus|Echovirus 9]],<ref name=thefreedict>[http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/morbilliform+rash thefreedictionary.com > morbilliform rash] Retrieved on Nov 30, 2009</ref> drug hypersensitivity reactions (in particular with certain classes of [[antiretroviral drug]]s, such as [[abacavir]] and [[nevirapine]], and also the antiepileptic drug [[phenytoin]]), or other conditions may also have a morbilliform rash. It has also been mentioned as a possible manifestation of onset or recovery from [[COVID-19]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dermnetnz.org/topics/covid-19/|title = COVID-19 | DermNet NZ}}</ref> |
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One cause of morbilliform rash is an allergic reaction to transfused blood/blood components. In such a case, the skin lesions would develop within a few hours (Approx. 4hours) of transfusion along with pruritus. The condition may even present with other symptoms, such as conjunctival oedema, oedema in the lips and tongue, and even localised angioedema. On rare occasions, the condition may even escalate to anaphylactic shock where pulmonary restrictions are seen. The associated cause for this is a reaction against an allergen that is seldom identified during testing. Transfusing products with anti-IgA antibodies to IgA-deficient patients has also been a suspected cause for such reactions. Management usually relates to the stoppage of transfusion for around 30minutes, until given antihistamines take effect. Transfusion may even be continued after, if no further progression is seen. |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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== External links == |
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[[Category:Dermatologic terminology]] |
[[Category:Dermatologic terminology]] |
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[[Category:Pediatrics]] |
[[Category:Pediatrics]] |
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[[Category:Measles]] |
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{{dermatology-stub}} |
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Latest revision as of 17:51, 8 September 2024
| Morbilliform | |
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| Specialty | Dermatology |
The term morbilliform refers to a rash that looks like measles.[1][2] The rash consists of macular lesions that are red and usually 2–10 mm in diameter but may be confluent in places.[3] A morbilliform rash is a rose-red flat (macular) or slightly elevated (maculopapular) eruption, showing circular or elliptical lesions varying in diameter from 1 to 3 mm, with healthy-looking skin intervening.[citation needed]
Patients with measles will have the rash but there are other syndromes and infections that will display the same symptom such as patients with Kawasaki disease,[4] meningococcal petechiae or Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome,[4] Dengue, Roseola, congenital syphilis,[5] rubella,[4] Echovirus 9,[4] drug hypersensitivity reactions (in particular with certain classes of antiretroviral drugs, such as abacavir and nevirapine, and also the antiepileptic drug phenytoin), or other conditions may also have a morbilliform rash. It has also been mentioned as a possible manifestation of onset or recovery from COVID-19.[6]
One cause of morbilliform rash is an allergic reaction to transfused blood/blood components. In such a case, the skin lesions would develop within a few hours (Approx. 4hours) of transfusion along with pruritus. The condition may even present with other symptoms, such as conjunctival oedema, oedema in the lips and tongue, and even localised angioedema. On rare occasions, the condition may even escalate to anaphylactic shock where pulmonary restrictions are seen. The associated cause for this is a reaction against an allergen that is seldom identified during testing. Transfusing products with anti-IgA antibodies to IgA-deficient patients has also been a suspected cause for such reactions. Management usually relates to the stoppage of transfusion for around 30minutes, until given antihistamines take effect. Transfusion may even be continued after, if no further progression is seen.
References
[edit]- ^ Haber, Jessica S.; Cipriano, Sarah D.; Oza, Vikash S. (April 2022). "Morbilliform Eruptions in the Hospitalized Child". Dermatologic Clinics. 40 (2): 191–202. doi:10.1016/j.det.2021.12.006. ISSN 0733-8635. PMC 8896762. PMID 35366972.
- ^ Morris-Jones, Rachel (2019). "10. The skin and systemic disease". In Morris-Jones, Rachael (ed.). ABC of Dermatology (7th ed.). Hoboken: Wiley Blackwell. pp. 75–77. ISBN 978-1-119-48899-6.
- ^ Primary Care Dermatology Module. Nomenclature of Skin Lesions The University of Wisconsin. Department of Pediatrics. Retrieved on Nov 30, 2009
- ^ a b c d thefreedictionary.com > morbilliform rash Retrieved on Nov 30, 2009
- ^ American Family Physician Sept 1st 2012 Vol 86 No 5 pp381-482 Syphilis: A re-emerging infection.
- ^ "COVID-19 | DermNet NZ".