E minor: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Minor scale based on E}} |
{{Short description|Minor scale based on E}} |
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{{Infobox musical scale |
{{Infobox musical scale |
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| name=E minor<br /><score> |
| name=E minor<br /><score>{ \magnifyStaff #3/2 \omit Score.TimeSignature \key e \minor s16 \clef F \key e \minor s^"" }</score> |
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| relative=[[G major]] |
| relative=[[G major]] |
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| parallel=[[E major]] |
| parallel=[[E major]] |
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| seventh_pitch=D |
| seventh_pitch=D |
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}} |
}} |
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'''E minor''' is a [[minor scale]] based on [[E (musical note)|E]], consisting of the pitches E, [[F♯ (musical note)|F{{Music|sharp}}]], [[G (musical note)|G]], [[A (musical note)|A]], [[B (musical note)|B]], [[C (musical note)|C]], and [[D (musical note)|D]]. Its [[key signature]] has one [[sharp (music)|sharp]]. Its [[relative key|relative major]] is [[G major]] and its [[parallel key|parallel major]] is [[E major]].<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/z6ch8xs/revision/4 "Notation"] ''BBC Bitesize''. Retrieved 2023-06-14.</ref> |
'''E minor''' is a [[minor scale]] based on [[E (musical note)|E]], consisting of the pitches E, [[F♯ (musical note)|F{{Music|sharp}}]], [[G (musical note)|G]], [[A (musical note)|A]], [[B (musical note)|B]], [[C (musical note)|C]], and [[D (musical note)|D]]. Its [[key signature]] has one [[sharp (music)|sharp]], on the F. Its [[relative key|relative major]] is [[G major]] and its [[parallel key|parallel major]] is [[E major]].<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/z6ch8xs/revision/4 "Notation"] ''BBC Bitesize''. Retrieved 2023-06-14.</ref> |
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The E [[natural minor scale]] is: |
The E [[natural minor scale]] is: |
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:<score sound="1"> { |
:<score sound="1"> { |
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\ |
\omit Score.TimeSignature \relative c' { |
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\key e \minor \time 7/4 e^"E natural minor scale" fis g a b c d e d c b a g fis e2 \clef F \key e \minor |
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\relative c' { |
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\clef treble \key e \minor \time 7/4 e4^\markup "E natural minor scale" fis g a b c d e d c b a g fis e2 \clef bass \key e \minor |
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} } |
} } |
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</score> |
</score> |
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:<score sound="1"> { |
:<score sound="1"> { |
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\ |
\omit Score.TimeSignature \relative c' { |
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\key e \minor \time 7/4 e^"E harmonic minor scale" fis g a b c dis e dis c b a g fis e2 |
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\relative c' { |
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\clef treble \key e \minor \time 7/4 |
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e4^\markup "E harmonic minor scale" fis g a b c dis e dis c b a g fis e2 |
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} } |
} } |
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</score> |
</score> |
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:<score sound="1"> { |
:<score sound="1"> { |
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\ |
\omit Score.TimeSignature \relative c' { |
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\key e \minor \time 7/4 e^"E melodic minor scale (ascending and descending)" fis g a b cis dis e d? c? b a g fis e2 |
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\relative c' { |
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\clef treble \key e \minor \time 7/4 |
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e4^\markup "E melodic minor scale (ascending and descending)" fis g a b cis dis e d! c! b a g fis e2 |
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} } |
} } |
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</score> |
</score> |
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Much of the [[classical guitar]] repertoire is in E minor, as this is a very natural key for the instrument. In standard tuning (E A D G B E), four of the instrument's six [[open string (music)|open]] (un[[fret]]ted) strings are part of the [[Tonic (music)|tonic]] chord. The key of E minor is also popular in [[heavy metal music]], as its tonic is the lowest note on a standard-tuned guitar. |
Much of the [[classical guitar]] repertoire is in E minor, as this is a very natural key for the instrument. In standard tuning (E A D G B E), four of the instrument's six [[open string (music)|open]] (un[[fret]]ted) strings are part of the [[Tonic (music)|tonic]] chord. The key of E minor is also popular in [[heavy metal music]], as its tonic is the lowest note on a standard-tuned guitar. |
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== |
==Scale degree chords== |
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The [[scale degree]] chords of E minor are: |
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* [[Tonic (music)|'''Tonic''']] – E minor |
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* '''[[Supertonic]]''' - [[Diminished triad|F-sharp diminished]] |
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* '''[[ |
* '''[[Supertonic]]''' – [[Diminished triad|F-sharp diminished]] |
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* '''[[ |
* '''[[Mediant]]''' – [[G major]] |
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* |
* '''[[Subdominant]]''' – [[A minor]] |
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* ''' |
* [[Dominant (music)|'''Dominant''']] – [[B minor]] |
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* '''[[ |
* '''[[Submediant]]''' – [[C major]] |
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* '''[[Subtonic]]''' – [[D major]] |
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==Notable compositions== |
==Notable compositions== |
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{{Div col|colwidth=25em}} |
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*[[Charles-Valentin Alkan]] |
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*[[George Frideric Handel]] |
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** ''[[Le festin d'Ésope]]'', Op. 39, No. 12, from 12 etudes in all the minor keys |
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**[[Messiah (Handel)|Messiah]] (overture) |
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*[[ |
*[[Johann Sebastian Bach]] |
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**[[Prelude and Fugue in E minor, BWV 548]] |
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**[[Symphony No. 44 (Haydn)|Symphony No. 44]] (''Trauer'') |
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** [[English_Suites_(Bach)|English Suite No. 5]], BWV 810 |
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*[[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] |
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** [[Partita for keyboard No. 6, BWV 830|Partita for keyboard in E minor, BWV 830]] |
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**[[Violin Sonata No. 21 (Mozart)|Violin Sonata No. 21]] |
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** [[Lute Suite in E minor, BWV 996|Suite in E minor for solo lute, BWV 996]] |
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** [[Die Alte (song)|Die Alte, K. 517]] |
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**[[Bourrée in E minor|Bourrée in E minor, BWV 996]] |
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*[[Ludwig van Beethoven]] |
*[[Ludwig van Beethoven]] |
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** [[String Quartet No. 8 (Beethoven)|String Quartet No. 8]] |
** [[String Quartet No. 8 (Beethoven)|String Quartet No. 8]] |
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** [[Piano Sonata No. 27 (Beethoven)|Piano Sonata No. 27]] |
** [[Piano Sonata No. 27 (Beethoven)|Piano Sonata No. 27]] |
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*[[ |
*[[Johannes Brahms]] |
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**[[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 4]] |
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**[[Concertino for Horn and Orchestra (Weber)|Horn Concertino]] |
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**[[Cello Sonata No. 1 (Brahms)|Cello Sonata No. 1]] |
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*[[Franz Danzi]] |
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**[[Fantasies, Op. 116]] (5th movement) |
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**[[Horn Sonata No. 2 (Danzi)|Horn Sonata Op. 44]] |
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**[[Four Pieces for Piano, Op. 119 (Brahms)|Four Pieces for Piano, Op. 119]] (2nd movement) |
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*[[Niccolò Paganini]] |
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**[[24 Caprices for Solo Violin (Paganini)|Caprice No. 3]] |
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**[[24 Caprices for Solo Violin (Paganini)|Caprice No. 15]] |
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*[[Karol Lipiński]] |
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**Violin Concerto No. 3, Op. 24 |
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*[[Franz Schubert]] |
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**[[Piano Sonata in E minor, D 566 (Schubert)|Piano Sonata in E minor, D. 566]] |
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**[[Piano Sonata in E minor, D 769A (Schubert)|Piano Sonata in E minor, D. 769A]] |
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**Fugue in E minor for four hands, D. 952 |
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*[[Felix Mendelssohn]] |
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**[[Violin Concerto (Mendelssohn)|Violin Concerto]] |
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*[[Frédéric Chopin]] |
*[[Frédéric Chopin]] |
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**[[Nocturne in E minor, Op. posth. 72 (Chopin)|Nocturne in E minor]] |
**[[Nocturne in E minor, Op. posth. 72 (Chopin)|Nocturne in E minor]] |
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**[[Étude Op. 25, No. 5 (Chopin)|Étude Op. 25, No. 5 "Wrong Note"]] |
**[[Étude Op. 25, No. 5 (Chopin)|Étude Op. 25, No. 5 "Wrong Note"]] |
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**[[Prelude, Op. 28, No. 4 (Chopin)|Prelude Op. 28, No. 4 "Suffocation"]] |
**[[Prelude, Op. 28, No. 4 (Chopin)|Prelude Op. 28, No. 4 "Suffocation"]] |
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*[[ |
*[[Franz Danzi]] |
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**[[Horn Sonata No. 2 (Danzi)|Horn Sonata Op. 44]] |
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** ''[[Le festin d'Ésope]]'', Op. 39, No. 12, from 12 etudes in all the minor keys |
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*[[ |
*[[Gaetano Donizetti]] |
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**String Quartet No. 18 |
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**[[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 4]] |
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**[[Cello Sonata No. 1 (Brahms)|Cello Sonata No. 1]] |
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**[[Fantasies, Op. 116]] (5th movement) |
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**[[Four Pieces for Piano, Op. 119 (Brahms)|Four Pieces for Piano, Op. 119]] (2nd movement) |
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*[[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky]] |
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**[[Symphony No. 5 (Tchaikovsky)|Symphony No. 5]] |
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*[[Antonín Dvořák]] |
*[[Antonín Dvořák]] |
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**[[Symphony No. 9 (Dvořák)|Symphony No. 9]] (''From the New World'')<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/3VvpyGscqK0djZbfTvjSQRH/symphony-no-9-in-e-minor-from-the-new-world-largo-by-antonin-dvo-ak "Symphony No. 9 in E minor, 'From the New World’ – Largo by Antonín Dvořák"] ''BBC''. Retrieved 2023-06-14.</ref> |
**[[Symphony No. 9 (Dvořák)|Symphony No. 9]] (''From the New World'')<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/3VvpyGscqK0djZbfTvjSQRH/symphony-no-9-in-e-minor-from-the-new-world-largo-by-antonin-dvo-ak "Symphony No. 9 in E minor, 'From the New World’ – Largo by Antonín Dvořák"] ''BBC''. Retrieved 2023-06-14.</ref> |
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**[[Piano Trio No. 4 (Dvořák)|Piano Trio Op. 90]] |
**[[Piano Trio No. 4 (Dvořák)|Piano Trio Op. 90]] |
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**[[String Quartet No. 4 (Dvořák)|String Quartet No. 4]] |
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**[[Slavonic Dances|Slavonic Dance No. 2]], Op. 46 |
**[[Slavonic Dances|Slavonic Dance No. 2]], Op. 46 |
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**[[Slavonic Dances|Slavonic Dance No. 2]], Op. 72 |
**[[Slavonic Dances|Slavonic Dance No. 2]], Op. 72 |
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*[[Edvard Grieg]] |
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**[[Piano Sonata (Grieg)|Piano Sonata]] |
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*[[Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov]] |
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**''[[Scheherazade (Rimsky-Korsakov)|Scheherazade]]'' |
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*[[Gaetano Donizetti]] |
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**String Quartet No. 18 |
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*[[Giuseppe Verdi]] |
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**[[String Quartet (Verdi)|String Quartet]] |
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*[[Edward Elgar]] |
*[[Edward Elgar]] |
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**[[Cello Concerto (Elgar)|Cello Concerto]] |
**[[Cello Concerto (Elgar)|Cello Concerto]] |
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**[[String Quartet (Elgar)|String Quartet]] |
**[[String Quartet (Elgar)|String Quartet]] |
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**[[Violin Sonata (Elgar)|Violin Sonata]] |
**[[Violin Sonata (Elgar)|Violin Sonata]] |
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*[[Louise Farrenc]] |
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**Piano Trio in E minor, Op. 45 |
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*[[Edvard Grieg]] |
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**[[Piano Sonata (Grieg)|Piano Sonata]] |
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*[[George Frideric Handel]] |
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**[[Messiah (Handel)|Messiah]] (overture) |
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*[[Joseph Haydn]] |
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**[[Symphony No. 44 (Haydn)|Symphony No. 44]] (''Trauer'') |
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*[[Ignaz Holzbauer]] |
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**Flute Concerto in E minor |
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*[[Margaret Ruthven Lang]] |
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**Rhapsody in E minor, Op. 24 |
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*[[Karol Lipiński]] |
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**Violin Concerto No. 3, Op. 24 |
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*[[Franz Liszt]] |
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**Malédiction, S. 121 |
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*[[Felix Mendelssohn]] |
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**[[Preludes and Fugues, Op. 35 (Mendelssohn)|Preludes and Fugues, Op. 35]] (first pair) |
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**[[Violin Concerto (Mendelssohn)|Violin Concerto]] |
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** [[String symphonies (Mendelssohn)|String Symphony No. 3 in E minor]], MWV N 3 |
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** [[String Quartet No. 4 (Mendelssohn)|String Quartet in E minor]], Op. 44 |
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**Fugue in E minor, MWV W24 |
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**Albumblatt, Op. 117 |
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*[[Franz Xaver Wolfgang Mozart]] |
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**Rondo for Flute and Piano |
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*[[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] |
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**[[Violin Sonata No. 21 (Mozart)|Violin Sonata No. 21]] |
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** [[Die Alte (song)|Die Alte, K. 517]] |
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*[[Pietro Nardini]] |
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**Sonata No. 6 for two violins and bass |
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*[[Niccolò Paganini]] |
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**[[24 Caprices for Solo Violin (Paganini)|Caprice No. 3]] |
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**[[24 Caprices for Solo Violin (Paganini)|Caprice No. 15]] |
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*[[Sergei Prokofiev]] |
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**''[[Montagues and Capulets]]'' |
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*[[Franz Schubert]] |
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**[[Piano Sonata in E minor, D 566 (Schubert)|Piano Sonata in E minor, D. 566]] |
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**[[Piano Sonata in E minor, D 769A (Schubert)|Piano Sonata in E minor, D. 769A]] |
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**Fugue in E minor for four hands, D. 952 |
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*[[Dmitri Shostakovich]] |
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**[[Piano Trio No. 2 (Shostakovich)|Piano Trio No. 2]] |
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**[[Symphony No. 10 (Shostakovich)|Symphony No. 10]] |
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*[[Jean Sibelius]] |
*[[Jean Sibelius]] |
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**[[Symphony No. 1 (Sibelius)|Symphony No. 1]], Op. 39 |
**[[Symphony No. 1 (Sibelius)|Symphony No. 1]], Op. 39 |
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*[[Bedřich Smetana]] |
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*[[Ralph Vaughan Williams]] |
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** [[Die Moldau]] |
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**[[Symphony No. 6 (Vaughan Williams)|Symphony No. 6]] |
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**[[ |
** [[String Quartet No. 1 (Smetana)|String Quartet No. 1]] |
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<!-- see talk page**''[[The Lark Ascending]]''--> |
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*[[Sergei Rachmaninoff]] |
*[[Sergei Rachmaninoff]] |
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**''[[Six moments musicaux (Rachmaninoff)#4. Presto, E minor|Moments musicaux]]'', Op. 16, No. 4 |
**''[[Six moments musicaux (Rachmaninoff)#4. Presto, E minor|Moments musicaux]]'', Op. 16, No. 4 |
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*[[Maurice Ravel]] |
*[[Maurice Ravel]] |
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**''[[Le tombeau de Couperin]]'' |
**''[[Le tombeau de Couperin]]'' |
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*[[ |
*[[Franz Xaver Richter]] |
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**Flute Concerto in E minor |
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**''[[Montagues and Capulets]]'' |
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*[[ |
*[[Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov]] |
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**''[[Scheherazade (Rimsky-Korsakov)|Scheherazade]]'' |
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**[[Piano Trio No. 2 (Shostakovich)|Piano Trio No. 2]] |
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*[[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky]] |
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**[[Symphony No. 10 (Shostakovich)|Symphony No. 10]] |
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**[[Symphony No. 5 (Tchaikovsky)|Symphony No. 5]] |
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*[[Johann Sebastian Bach]] |
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*[[Ralph Vaughan Williams]] |
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**[[Prelude and Fugue in E minor, BWV 548]] |
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** |
**[[Symphony No. 6 (Vaughan Williams)|Symphony No. 6]] |
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**[[Symphony No. 9 (Vaughan Williams)|Symphony No. 9]] |
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** [[Partita for keyboard No. 6, BWV 830|Partita for keyboard in E minor, BWV 830]] |
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<!-- see talk page**''[[The Lark Ascending]]''--> |
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** [[Lute Suite in E minor, BWV 996|Suite in E minor for solo lute, BWV 996]] |
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*[[Giuseppe Verdi]] |
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***[[Bourrée in E minor|Bourrée in E minor, BWV 996]] |
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**[[String Quartet (Verdi)|String Quartet]] |
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*[[Bedřich Smetana]] |
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* |
*[[Carl Maria von Weber]] |
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**[[Concertino for Horn and Orchestra (Weber)|Horn Concertino]] |
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{{Div col end}} |
{{Div col end}} |
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<!--Please do not add a "list of notable songs in this key" section; see the discussion page for the article "C major".--> |
<!--Please do not add a "list of notable songs in this key" section; see the discussion page for the article "C major".--> |
Latest revision as of 19:18, 9 September 2024
Relative key | G major |
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Parallel key | E major |
Dominant key | B minor |
Subdominant | A minor |
Component pitches | |
E, F♯, G, A, B, C, D |
E minor is a minor scale based on E, consisting of the pitches E, F♯, G, A, B, C, and D. Its key signature has one sharp, on the F. Its relative major is G major and its parallel major is E major.[1]
The E natural minor scale is:
Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The E harmonic minor and melodic minor scales are:
Much of the classical guitar repertoire is in E minor, as this is a very natural key for the instrument. In standard tuning (E A D G B E), four of the instrument's six open (unfretted) strings are part of the tonic chord. The key of E minor is also popular in heavy metal music, as its tonic is the lowest note on a standard-tuned guitar.
Scale degree chords
[edit]The scale degree chords of E minor are:
- Tonic – E minor
- Supertonic – F-sharp diminished
- Mediant – G major
- Subdominant – A minor
- Dominant – B minor
- Submediant – C major
- Subtonic – D major
Notable compositions
[edit]- Charles-Valentin Alkan
- Le festin d'Ésope, Op. 39, No. 12, from 12 etudes in all the minor keys
- Johann Sebastian Bach
- Ludwig van Beethoven
- Johannes Brahms
- Symphony No. 4
- Cello Sonata No. 1
- Fantasies, Op. 116 (5th movement)
- Four Pieces for Piano, Op. 119 (2nd movement)
- Frédéric Chopin
- Franz Danzi
- Gaetano Donizetti
- String Quartet No. 18
- Antonín Dvořák
- Symphony No. 9 (From the New World)[2]
- Piano Trio Op. 90
- String Quartet No. 4
- Slavonic Dance No. 2, Op. 46
- Slavonic Dance No. 2, Op. 72
- Edward Elgar
- Louise Farrenc
- Piano Trio in E minor, Op. 45
- Edvard Grieg
- George Frideric Handel
- Messiah (overture)
- Joseph Haydn
- Symphony No. 44 (Trauer)
- Ignaz Holzbauer
- Flute Concerto in E minor
- Margaret Ruthven Lang
- Rhapsody in E minor, Op. 24
- Karol Lipiński
- Violin Concerto No. 3, Op. 24
- Franz Liszt
- Malédiction, S. 121
- Felix Mendelssohn
- Preludes and Fugues, Op. 35 (first pair)
- Violin Concerto
- String Symphony No. 3 in E minor, MWV N 3
- String Quartet in E minor, Op. 44
- Fugue in E minor, MWV W24
- Albumblatt, Op. 117
- Franz Xaver Wolfgang Mozart
- Rondo for Flute and Piano
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
- Pietro Nardini
- Sonata No. 6 for two violins and bass
- Niccolò Paganini
- Sergei Prokofiev
- Franz Schubert
- Piano Sonata in E minor, D. 566
- Piano Sonata in E minor, D. 769A
- Fugue in E minor for four hands, D. 952
- Dmitri Shostakovich
- Jean Sibelius
- Symphony No. 1, Op. 39
- Bedřich Smetana
- Sergei Rachmaninoff
- Moments musicaux, Op. 16, No. 4
- Symphony No. 2
- Vocalise, Op. 34, No. 14
- Maurice Ravel
- Franz Xaver Richter
- Flute Concerto in E minor
- Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov
- Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
- Ralph Vaughan Williams
- Giuseppe Verdi
- Carl Maria von Weber
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Notation" BBC Bitesize. Retrieved 2023-06-14.
- ^ "Symphony No. 9 in E minor, 'From the New World’ – Largo by Antonín Dvořák" BBC. Retrieved 2023-06-14.
External links
[edit]- Media related to E minor at Wikimedia Commons