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Political egalitarianism describes an inclusive and fair allocation of political power or influence, fair processes, and fair treatment of all regardless of characteristics like race, religion, age, wealth or intelligence.^[1]^[2] Political egalitarianism, and its close cousin political equality, are key founding principles and sources of legitimacy for many democracies.^[1] Related principles include one person, one vote and equality before the law.^[3]

Discussion

Egalitarianism

Egalitarianism denotes the belief that all people are of equal fundamental worth and should have equal status.^[2] Egalitarians tend to focus more on process and treating people as social equals than on the raw distribution of power.^[4]

Political equality

Political equality is only achieved when the norms, rules and procedures that govern the community afford equal consideration to all.^[4] Robert Dahl believes that the ideal of democracy assumes that political equality is desirable.^[5] He goes on to argue that political equality and democracy are supported by the inherent intrinsic equal worth of every person (intrinsic equality) and the tendency of concentrated power to corrupt.^[6]

Equality before the law

Equality before law means that the law applies to all peoples equally and without exceptions. For example, the freedom of speech should apply the same to all members of a society. Laws can sometimes be designed to help minimize unequal application.^[7] Well-designed constitutions, for example, can help protect political rights in functioning democracies.^[8]^[9]

References

^ ^a ^b Peter, Fabienne (2007-08-01). "The Political Egalitarian's Dilemma". Ethical Theory and Moral Practice. 10 (4): 373–387. doi:10.1007/s10677-006-9057-z. ISSN 1572-8447. S2CID 144836352.
^ ^a ^b Arneson, Richard (2013), "Egalitarianism", in Zalta, Edward N. (ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2013 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, retrieved 2023-11-05
^ Verba, Sydney (January 2001). "Political Equality: What Is It? Why Do We Want It?". Russell Sage Foundation. p. 19.
^ ^a ^b Beramendi, P., Besley, T. and Levi, M. (2022), ‘Political equality: what is it and why does it matter?’, IFS Deaton Review of Inequalities
^ Dahl, Robert Alan (2006). On Political Equality. New Haven (Conn.): Yale University Press. p. 2. ISBN 978-0-300-11607-6.
^ Dahl, Robert Alan (2006). On Political Equality. New Haven, Conn.: Yale Univ. Press. p. 4. ISBN 978-0-300-11607-6.
^ Lucy, William (2011). "Equality under and before the law". The University of Toronto Law Journal. 61 (3): 411–465. doi:10.3138/utlj.61.3.411. JSTOR 23018555. S2CID 144874942.
^ Jessica Bulman-Pozen & Miriam Seifter, The Democracy Principle in State Constitutions, 119Mich. L. Rev. 859 (2021).
^ Lepore, Jill (2021-03-22). "When Constitutions Took Over the World". The New Yorker. ISSN 0028-792X. Retrieved 2023-07-01.

External links

"Political egalitarianism" search on Open Library
Political equality provisions in U.S. State constitutions by TheDemocracyPrinciple.law.wisc.edu

[:1-1] Peter, Fabienne (2007-08-01). "The Political Egalitarian's Dilemma". Ethical Theory and Moral Practice. 10 (4): 373–387. doi:10.1007/s10677-006-9057-z. ISSN 1572-8447. S2CID 144836352.

[:2-2] Arneson, Richard (2013), "Egalitarianism", in Zalta, Edward N. (ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2013 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, retrieved 2023-11-05

[3] Verba, Sydney (January 2001). "Political Equality: What Is It? Why Do We Want It?". Russell Sage Foundation. p. 19.

[:0-4] Beramendi, P., Besley, T. and Levi, M. (2022), ‘Political equality: what is it and why does it matter?’, IFS Deaton Review of Inequalities

[5] Dahl, Robert Alan (2006). On Political Equality. New Haven (Conn.): Yale University Press. p. 2. ISBN 978-0-300-11607-6.

[6] Dahl, Robert Alan (2006). On Political Equality. New Haven, Conn.: Yale Univ. Press. p. 4. ISBN 978-0-300-11607-6.

[7] Lucy, William (2011). "Equality under and before the law". The University of Toronto Law Journal. 61 (3): 411–465. doi:10.3138/utlj.61.3.411. JSTOR 23018555. S2CID 144874942.

[8] Jessica Bulman-Pozen & Miriam Seifter, The Democracy Principle in State Constitutions, 119Mich. L. Rev. 859 (2021).

[9] Lepore, Jill (2021-03-22). "When Constitutions Took Over the World". The New Yorker. ISSN 0028-792X. Retrieved 2023-07-01.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|When everyone has equal political power or influence}}
-{{refimprove|date=December 2018}}
+{{Democracy}}
-'''Political equality''' occurs when everyone has equal political power or influence.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/egalitarianism/|title=Egalitarianism|year=2013 |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University }}</ref> A founding principle of various forms of [[democracy]], political [[egalitarianism]] also suggests all citizens of a place must be treated equally and fairly regardless of characteristics like their race, religion, wealth or intelligence. This is expressed in such principles as [[one person, one vote]], [[equality before the law]], and equal rights of [[free speech]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Verba |first=Sydney |date=January 2001 |title=Political Equality: What Is It? Why Do We Want It? |url=https://www.russellsage.org/research/reports/political-equality |website=[[Russell Sage Foundation]] |page=19}}</ref>
+{{Basic forms of government}}
+[[File:Egalitarian and equality logo.svg|thumb|Egalitarian symbol]]
+'''Political egalitarianism''' describes an inclusive and fair allocation of political power or influence, fair processes, and fair treatment of all regardless of characteristics like race, religion, age, wealth or intelligence.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Peter |first=Fabienne |date=2007-08-01 |title=The Political Egalitarian's Dilemma |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s10677-006-9057-z |journal=[[Ethical Theory and Moral Practice]] |language=en |volume=10 |issue=4 |pages=373–387 |doi=10.1007/s10677-006-9057-z |s2cid=144836352 |issn=1572-8447}}</ref><ref name=":2" /> Political egalitarianism, and its close cousin political equality, are key founding principles and sources of [[legitimacy (political)|legitimacy]] for many [[democracy|democracies]].<ref name=":1" /> Related principles include [[one person, one vote]] and [[equality before the law]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Verba |first=Sydney |date=January 2001 |title=Political Equality: What Is It? Why Do We Want It? |url=https://www.russellsage.org/research/reports/political-equality |website=[[Russell Sage Foundation]] |page=19}}</ref>
-== Equality before law ==
+== Discussion ==
+=== Egalitarianism ===
+[[Egalitarianism]] denotes the belief that all people are of equal fundamental worth and should have equal status.<ref name=":2">{{Citation |last=Arneson |first=Richard |title=Egalitarianism |date=2013 |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2013/entries/egalitarianism/ |encyclopedia=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |editor-last=Zalta |editor-first=Edward N. |access-date=2023-11-05 |edition=Summer 2013 |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University}}</ref> Egalitarians tend to focus more on process and treating people as social equals than on the raw distribution of power.<ref name=":0" />
+=== Political equality ===
+Political equality is only achieved when the norms, rules and procedures that govern the community afford equal consideration to all.<ref name=":0">Beramendi, P., [[Tim Besley|Besley, T.]] and [[Margaret Levi|Levi, M.]] (2022), [https://ifs.org.uk/inequality/political-equality-what-is-it-and-why-does-it-matter/ ‘Political equality: what is it and why does it matter?’], IFS Deaton Review of Inequalities</ref> [[Robert Dahl]] believes that the ideal of democracy assumes that political equality is desirable.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Dahl |first=Robert Alan |url=https://archive.org/details/onpoliticalequal0000dahl/page/n20/mode/1up?_autoReadAloud=show&view=theater |title=On Political Equality |date=2006 |publisher=[[Yale University Press]] |isbn=978-0-300-11607-6 |location=New Haven (Conn.) |pages=2 |author-link=Robert Dahl}}</ref> He goes on to argue that political equality and democracy are supported by the inherent intrinsic equal worth of every person (intrinsic equality) and the tendency of concentrated power to corrupt.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Dahl |first=Robert Alan |url=https://archive.org/details/onpoliticalequal0000dahl/page/4/mode/1up?_autoReadAloud=show&view=theater |title=On Political Equality |date=2006 |publisher=[[Yale Univ. Press]] |isbn=978-0-300-11607-6 |location=New Haven, Conn. |pages=4 |author-link=Robert Dahl}}</ref>
+=== Equality before the law ===
 {{main articles|Equality before the law}}
-Equality before law means that the law applies to all peoples equally and without exceptions. Laws can sometimes be designed to help minimize unequal application.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Equality under and before the law|journal = The University of Toronto Law Journal|volume = 61|issue = 3|pages = 411–465|jstor = 23018555|last1 = Lucy|first1 = William|year = 2011|doi = 10.3138/utlj.61.3.411}}</ref>
+Equality before law means that the law applies to all peoples equally and without exceptions. For example, the [[freedom of speech]] should apply the same to all members of a society. Laws can sometimes be designed to help minimize unequal application.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Equality under and before the law|journal = The University of Toronto Law Journal|volume = 61|issue = 3|pages = 411–465|jstor = 23018555|last1 = Lucy|first1 = William|year = 2011|doi = 10.3138/utlj.61.3.411| s2cid=144874942 }}</ref> Well-designed constitutions, for example, can help protect political rights in functioning democracies.<ref>Jessica Bulman-Pozen & Miriam Seifter, ''[https://scholarship.law.columbia.edu/faculty_scholarship/2654 The Democracy Principle in State Constitutions]'', 119Mich. L. Rev. 859 (2021).</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Lepore |first=Jill |date=2021-03-22 |title=When Constitutions Took Over the World |language=en-US |magazine=The New Yorker |url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2021/03/29/when-constitutions-took-over-the-world |access-date=2023-07-01 |issn=0028-792X}}</ref>
 == See also ==
+* "[[All men are created equal]]"
-* [[Democracy]]
-* [[Egalitarianism]]
+* [[Deliberative democracy]]
+* [[Democratization]]
 * [[Human rights]]
+* [[Money in politics]]
-* [[One Person One Vote|One person, one vote]]
+* [[Political freedom]]
+* [[Positive liberty]]
+* [[Sortition]]
 * [[Universal suffrage]]
 == References ==
 {{reflist}}
+== External links ==
+* [https://openlibrary.org/search/inside?q=%22+political+egalitarianism%22 "Political egalitarianism"] search on [[Open Library]]
+* [https://democracyprinciple.law.wisc.edu/category?c=pe Political equality provisions in U.S. State constitutions] by TheDemocracyPrinciple.law.wisc.edu
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Political Egalitarianism}}
 [[Category:Political terminology]]
 [[Category:Egalitarianism]]
+[[Category:Democracy]]
-{{Poli-term-stub}}
+[[Category:Concepts in political philosophy]]