Bristol Titan: Difference between revisions

Titan
	The Bristol Titan
Type	Piston aero engine
Manufacturer	Bristol Aeroplane Company
Designer	Roy Fedden
First run	c.1928
Major applications	Avro 504N; Bristol Primary Trainer
Developed into	Bristol Neptune

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The Bristol Titan was a British five-cylinder air-cooled radial engine, designed and built by the Bristol Aeroplane Company in the late 1920s. It had the same size cylinders as the earlier Bristol Mercury engine, 5.75 in × 6.5 in (146 mm × 165 mm) (displacing 844 cu in (13.83 L)), and produced between 200–240 hp (150–180 kW). Later versions of the Bristol Titan also used a Farman-style reduction gear produced by Gnome-Rhône.

Design and development

The engine was designed as a five-cylinder radial, to use as many parts of the Bristol Jupiter as possible. Cylinders, pistons, articulated connecting rods, crankshaft and other minor parts were interchangeable with the Jupiter.^[1]

The major significance of the Titan was that it was licensed to Gnome-Rhône and became the pattern for the Gnome-Rhône 5B and 5K. In 1927 Gnome-Rhône was looking for ways out of its licence agreement with Bristol for the Jupiter engine of 1920 and began to produce the Gnome-Rhône 5B and 5K without royalties.

Gnome-Rhône was not satisfied with simply producing Bristol designs under licence, and started a major design effort based around the mechanics of the Titan engine. The results were introduced in 1927 as the K-series, spanning the 260 hp (190 kW) Gnome-Rhône 5K Titan, the seven-cylinder 370 hp (280 kW) Gnome-Rhône 7K Titan Major, and the nine-cylinder 550 hp (410 kW) Gnome-Rhône 9K Mistral. With the introduction of the K-series, Gnome-Rhône finally ended royalty payments to Bristol, the Gnome-Rhône 5K being built in much greater numbers than the original Bristol Titan. By 1930 they had delivered 6,000 Jupiters, Mistrals and Titans, making them the largest engine company in France.

Variants

Titan I: (1928) - 205 hp (153 kW)
Titan IIF: Modified valve gear.
Titan II (Special)
Titan IV: (1928) - 205 hp (153 kW), 0.5:1 reduction gear from Bristol Jupiter.
Gnome et Rhône 5B
Gnome et Rhône 5Ba
Gnome et Rhône 5Bc
Gnome et Rhône 5K Titan: licence-built Titan II, 230 hp (170 kW)
Gnome et Rhône 7K Titan Major: enlarged seven-cylinder Titan with many detail improvements, produced by Gnome-Rhône without licence.

Applications

Specifications (Titan I)

Data from Lumsden.^[2]

General characteristics

Type: five-cylinder air-cooled radial engine.
Bore: 5.75 in (146 mm)
Stroke: 6.5 in (165 mm)
Displacement: 844 in³ (13.8 L)
Diameter: 48.4 in (1,229 mm)
Dry weight: 500 lb (227 kg)

Components

Valvetrain: Overhead valve, 4 valves per cylinder
Cooling system: Air-cooled
Reduction gear: None, direct drive, left hand tractor

Performance

Power output: 210 hp (157 kW) at 1,800 rpm
Specific power: 0.25 hp/in³ (11.4 kW/L)
Compression ratio: 5:1
Power-to-weight ratio: 0.42 hp/lb (0.7 kW/kg)

References

Notes

^ Flight International 5 July 1928
^ Lumsden 2003, p.102.

Bibliography

Lumsden, Alec. British Piston Engines and their Aircraft. Marlborough, Wiltshire: Airlife Publishing, 2003. ISBN 1-85310-294-6.

[1] Flight International 5 July 1928

[2] Lumsden 2003, p.102.

[1]

[2]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Refimprove|date=April 2018}}
+{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2016}}
+{{Use British English|date=December 2016}}
 <!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. -->
 {|{{Infobox Aircraft Begin
  |name=Titan
- |image=File:BristolTitan.JPG
+ |image=BristolTitan.JPG
  |caption=The Bristol Titan
 }}{{Infobox Aircraft Engine
- |type=[[Piston]] [[aircraft engine]]
+  |type=[[Reciprocating engine|Piston]] [[Aircraft engine|aero engine]]
  |manufacturer=[[Bristol Aeroplane Company]]
+ |designer=[[Roy Fedden]]
- |first run=1928
+ |first run=c.1928
  |major applications=[[Avro 504|Avro 504N]]<br>[[Bristol Primary Trainer]]
+ |number built =
+ |program cost =
+ |unit cost =
+ |developed from =
+ |developed into = [[Bristol Neptune]]
+ |variants with their own articles =
 }}
 |}
-The '''Bristol Titan''' was a five cylinder air cooled [[radial engine]]. It had the same size cylinders as the earlier [[Bristol Mercury]] engine, 5.75 in  x 6.5 in (844 cu in/13.8 L) and produced between 200-240hp.  Later versions of the Bristol Titan also used a [[Farman]] style reduction gear produced by Gnome-Rhône.
+The '''Bristol Titan''' was a British five-cylinder air-cooled [[radial engine]], designed and built by the [[Bristol Aeroplane Company]] in the late 1920s. It had the same size cylinders as the earlier [[Bristol Mercury]] engine, {{cvt|5.75|x|6.5|in|mm}} (displacing {{cvt|844|cuin|L}}), and produced between {{cvt|200|-|240|hp}}.  Later versions of the Bristol Titan also used a [[Farman]]-style reduction gear produced by Gnome-Rhône.
 ==Design and development==
-The engine was designed as a five-cylinder radial to use as many parts of the [[Bristol Jupiter]] as possible, cylinders, pistons, articulated connecting rods, crankshaft and other minor parts were interchangeable with the Jupiter.<ref>[http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1928/1928%20-%200630.html Flight International 5 July 1928]</ref>
+The engine was designed as a five-cylinder radial, to use as many parts of the [[Bristol Jupiter]] as possible. Cylinders, pistons, articulated connecting rods, crankshaft and other minor parts were interchangeable with the Jupiter.<ref>[http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1928/1928%20-%200630.html Flight International 5 July 1928]</ref>
-The major significance of the Titan was that it was licensed to [[Gnome-Rhône]] and became the pattern for the ''Gnome-Rhône 5K''. In 1927 Gnome-Rhône was looking for ways out of its license agreement with Bristol for the [[Bristol Jupiter|Jupiter]] engine of 1920 and began to produce the Gnome-Rhône 5K without royalties.
+The major significance of the Titan was that it was licensed to [[Gnome-Rhône]] and became the pattern for the ''Gnome-Rhône 5B and 5K''. In 1927 Gnome-Rhône was looking for ways out of its licence agreement with Bristol for the [[Bristol Jupiter|Jupiter]] engine of 1920 and began to produce the Gnome-Rhône 5B and 5K without royalties.
-The Gnome-Rhône 5K was built in much greater numbers than the original Bristol Titan.  Gnome-Rhône was not satisfied with simply producing Bristol designs under license, and started a major design effort based around the mechanicals of the Titan engine. The results were introduced in 1927 as the K-series, spanning the 260 hp (190 kW) Gnome-Rhône 5K Titan, the 7-cylinder 370 hp (270 kW) the [[Gnome-Rhône 7K]] Titan Major, and the 9-cylinder 550 hp (405 kW) [[Gnome-Rhône 9K]] Mistral.  With the introduction of the K-series, Gnome-Rhône finally ended royalty payments to Bristol. By 1930 they had delivered 6,000 Jupiters, Mistrals and Titans, making them the largest engine company in France.
+Gnome-Rhône was not satisfied with simply producing Bristol designs under licence, and started a major design effort based around the mechanics of the Titan engine. The results were introduced in 1927 as the K-series, spanning the {{cvt|260|hp}} Gnome-Rhône 5K Titan, the seven-cylinder {{cvt|370|hp}} [[Gnome-Rhône 7K]] Titan Major, and the nine-cylinder {{cvt|550|hp}} [[Gnome-Rhône 9K]] Mistral.  With the introduction of the K-series, Gnome-Rhône finally ended royalty payments to Bristol, the Gnome-Rhône 5K being built in much greater numbers than the original Bristol Titan. By 1930 they had delivered 6,000 Jupiters, Mistrals and Titans, making them the largest engine company in France.
+==Variants==
+;Titan I:(1928) - {{cvt|205|hp}}
+;Titan IIF :Modified valve gear.
+;Titan II (Special):
+;Titan IV:(1928) - {{cvt|205|hp}}, 0.5:1 reduction gear from Bristol Jupiter.
+;Gnome et Rhône 5B:
+;Gnome et Rhône 5Ba:
+;Gnome et Rhône 5Bc:
+;Gnome et Rhône 5K Titan:licence-built Titan II, {{cvt|230|hp}}
+;Gnome et Rhône 7K Titan Major:enlarged seven-cylinder Titan with many detail improvements, produced by Gnome-Rhône without licence.
+==Applications==
+*[[Avro 504|Avro 504N]]
+*[[Bristol Primary Trainer]]
+*[[Bristol Type 110A]]
 ==Specifications (Titan I)==
 {{pistonspecs|
 <!-- If you do not understand how to use this template, please ask at [[Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Aircraft]] -->
-<!-- Please include units where appropriate (main comes first, alt in parentheses). If data are missing, leave the parameter blank (do not delete it). For additional lines, end your alt units with )</li> and start a new, fully-formatted line with <li> -->
+<!-- Please include units where appropriate (main comes first, alt in parentheses). If data are missing, leave the parameter blank (do not delete it). For additional lines, end your alt units with )</li> and start a new, fully formatted line with <li> -->
-|ref=<ref>Lumsden 2003, p.102.</ref>
+|ref=''Lumsden''.<ref>Lumsden 2003, p.102.</ref>
-|type=Five cylinder air cooled [[radial engine]].
+|type=five-cylinder air-cooled [[radial engine]].
 |bore=5.75 in (146 mm)
 |stroke=6.5 in (165 mm)
-|displacement=844 cu in (13.8 L)
+|displacement=844 in<sup>3</sup> (13.8 L)
 |length=
-|diameter=48.4 in (1229.3 mm)
+|diameter=48.4 in (1,229 mm)
 |width=
 |height=
 |weight=500 lb (227 kg)
-|valvetrain=Overhead valve
+|valvetrain=Overhead valve, 4 valves per cylinder
 |supercharger=
 |turbocharger=
@@ Line 41: / Line 68: @@
 |fueltype=
 |oilsystem=
-|coolingsystem=Air cooled
+|coolingsystem=Air-cooled
-|power=210 hp at 1,800 rpm
+|power=210 hp (157 kW) at 1,800 rpm
-|specpower=
+|specpower= 0.25 hp/in<sup>3</sup> (11.4 kW/L)
 |compression=5:1
 |fuelcon=
 |specfuelcon=
 |oilcon=
-|power/weight=0.42 hp/lb
+|power/weight=0.42 hp/lb (0.7 kW/kg)
+|reduction_gear=None, direct drive, left hand tractor
-|designer=[[Roy Fedden]]
-|reduction_gear=Direct drive, left hand tractor
 |general_other=
 |components_other=
@@ Line 75: / Line 101: @@
 <!-- For aircraft engine articles.  Engines that are of similar to this design: -->
 |similar engines=
+*[[Armstrong Siddeley Mongoose]]
-*[[Warner Scarab]]
 <!-- See [[WP:Air/PC]] for more explanation of these fields. -->
 }}
 == References ==
 ===Notes===
 {{reflist}}
 ===Bibliography===
 {{refbegin}}
-* Lumsden, Alec. ''British Piston Engines and their Aircraft''. Marlborough, Wiltshire: Airlife Publishing, 2003. ISBN 1-85310-294-6.
+* Lumsden, Alec. ''British Piston Engines and their Aircraft''. Marlborough, Wiltshire: Airlife Publishing, 2003. {{ISBN|1-85310-294-6}}.
 {{refend}}
 {{BristolAeroengines}}
 {{Gnome-Rhône aeroengines}}
-{{Aviation lists}}
-[[Category:Aircraft piston engines]]
+[[Category:Aircraft air-cooled radial piston engines]]
-[[Category:Radial engines]]
 [[Category:Bristol aircraft engines|Titan]]
+[[Category:1920s aircraft piston engines]]
-[[it:Gnome-Rhône 5K]]

v t e Gnome-Rhône aircraft engines
Gnome rotary engines	1906 25hp rotary 1907 50hp rotary 34hp 5-cyl rotary 60hp 7-cyl rotary 123hp 14-cyl rotary Delta Delta-Delta Gamma Gamma-Gamma Monosoupape 7 Type A Monosoupape 9 Type B-2 Monosoupape 9 Type N Omega Omega-Omega Lambda Lambda-Lambda Sigma
Le Rhône rotary engines	7 7A 7B 7B2 9C 9J 9R 9Z 11F 14D 18E 1912 18E 1917 28E K L M P R
Gnome et Rhône radial engines	5B 5K 7K 9A 9K 14K 14M 14N 14P 14R 18L 18R