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{{short description|Japanese video game developer}}
{{Short description|Japanese video game developer}}
{{Infobox company
{{Infobox company
| name = Tose Co., Ltd. <br /> 株式会社トーセ
| name = Tose Co., Ltd.
| native_name = {{lang|ja|株式会社トーセ}}
| logo = File:Tose Software logo.svg
| logo = File:Tose Software logo.svg
| type = [[Kabushiki kaisha]] ([[Public company|public]])
| type = [[Public company|Public]] ([[Kabushiki kaisha|K.K]])
| fate =
| fate =
| successor =
| successor =
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| location_city = [[Kyoto]]
| location_city = [[Kyoto]]
| location_country = [[Japan]]
| location_country = [[Japan]]
| key_people = {{ubl|Shigeru Saito<br />(Chairman and CEO)|Yasuhito Watanabe<br />(President and COO)}}
| key_people = {{ubl|Shigeru Saito (Chairman & CEO)|Yasuhito Watanabe (President & COO)}}
| industry = [[Video game industry|Video games]]
| industry = [[Video game industry|Video games]]
| products = ''[[The Legendary Starfy|The Legendary Starfy series]]''<br>''[[Game & Watch Gallery series]]''
| products = ''[[The Legendary Starfy|The Legendary Starfy series]]''<br>''[[Game & Watch Gallery series]]''
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| operating_income =
| operating_income =
| net_income =
| net_income =
| num_employees = 630 (2022)<ref>https://contents.xj-storage.jp/xcontents/AS05083/cf5974be/2b52/4b6b/9a40/1b5bec4695ac/20220608171711383s.pdf</ref>
| num_employees = 657 (2024)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://contents.xj-storage.jp/xcontents/AS05083/cf5974be/2b52/4b6b/9a40/1b5bec4695ac/20220608171711383s.pdf|access-date=3 July 2024|website=Tose Co., Ltd
|title=Company profile|date=May 31, 2024}}</ref>
| parent =
| parent =
| homepage = https://www.tose.co.jp/en
| homepage = {{official website|https://www.tose.co.jp/en|tose.co.jp}}
| logo_size = 200px
| logo_size = 200px
| traded_as = {{tyo|4728}}
| traded_as = {{tyo|4728}}
}}
}}


{{Nihongo foot|'''Tose Co., Ltd.'''|株式会社トーセ|Kabushiki-gaisha Tōse|group=lower-alpha|lead=yes}} ({{Tyo|4728}}) (also called '''Tose Software''') is a Japanese [[video game]] development company based in [[Kyoto]]. It is mostly known for developing [[Nintendo]]'s [[Game & Watch ports and remakes#Game & Watch Gallery series|''Game & Watch Gallery'' series]], various ''[[Dragon Ball]]'' games, as well as other Nintendo products. Tose has developed or co-developed over 1,000 games since the company's inception in 1979, but is virtually never credited in the games themselves (an exception to this is ''[[Game & Watch Gallery 4]]'' and [[The Legendary Starfy (series)|''The Legendary Starfy'' series]], as Tose shares the [[copyright]] with Nintendo).<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/131105/interview_tose_game_development_.php | title=Tose: Game Development Ninjas | publisher=[[Gamasutra]] | access-date=2009-05-22 | date=2006-05-18 | first=Brandon | last=Sheffield}}</ref> "We're always behind the scenes," said Masa Agarida, Vice President of Tose's U.S. division. "Our policy is not to have a vision. Instead, we follow our customer's visions. Most of the time we refuse to put our name on the games, not even staff names." As such, Tose has gained a reputation for being a "ghost developer."<ref>{{cite web | url=http://gamasutra.com/features/20060420/cifaldi_01.shtml | title=The Connection is Made: Developer Highlights from Game Connection 2006 (Part Two) | publisher=[[Gamasutra]] | access-date=2009-05-22 | date=2006-04-20 | first=Frank | last=Cifaldi}}</ref>
{{Nihongo foot|'''Tose Co., Ltd.'''|株式会社トーセ|Kabushiki-gaisha Tōse|group=lower-alpha|lead=yes}} ({{Tyo|4728}}) (also called '''Tose Software''') is a Japanese [[video game]] development company based in [[Kyoto]]. It is mostly known for developing [[Nintendo]]'s [[Game & Watch ports and remakes#Game & Watch Gallery series|''Game & Watch Gallery'' series]], various ''[[Dragon Ball]]'' games, as well as other Nintendo products. Tose has developed or co-developed over 1,000 games since the company's inception in 1979, but is virtually never credited in the games themselves (an exception to this is ''[[Scarlet Nexus]]'' with [[Bandai Namco Entertainment|Bandai Namco]], ''[[Game & Watch Gallery 4]]'' and [[The Legendary Starfy (series)|''The Legendary Starfy'' series]], as Tose shares the [[copyright]] with Nintendo).<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.gamedeveloper.com/business/interview-tose-game-development-ninjas | title=Tose: Game Development Ninjas | publisher=[[Game Developer (website)|Game Developer]] | access-date=2023-10-18 | date=2006-05-18 | first=Brandon | last=Sheffield}}</ref> Tose maintains a policy of having no creative input into the work they do, going so far as to refuse to put their names in the credits for most of the games they work on. As such, Tose has gained a reputation for being a "ghost developer".<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.gamedeveloper.com/design/the-connection-is-made-developer-highlights-from-game-connection-2006-part-two- | title=The Connection is Made: Developer Highlights from Game Connection 2006 (Part Two) | publisher=[[Game Developer (website)|Game Developer]] | access-date=2023-10-18 | date=2006-04-20 | first=Frank | last=Cifaldi}}</ref>


==History==
==History==
⚫
Tose was established in November 1979 in [[Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto|Higashiyama-ku]], [[Kyoto]], as an independent entity from Toa Seiko Co. Ltd. It moved its head office to Otokuni-gun, Kyoto Prefecture in May 1986. In July 1988, Tose moved its head office to [[Yamazaki]], Kyoto. In May 1990, Tose began developing software for the [[Game Boy]] and the [[Super Famicom]].
{{Copy editing|date=August 2022|section}}
⚫
In November 1979, Tose was established in [[Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto|Higashiyama-ku]], [[Kyoto]] as an independent entity from Toa Seiko Co. Ltd. In April 1984, the company began developing [[Video game|video games]] and, a year later, [[educational software]]. Tose's head office was moved to Otokuni-gun, Kyoto Prefecture in May 1986. Software development began in April 1987. In July 1988, a new head office in [[Yamazaki]], Kyoto was completed. Starting in May 1990, Tose began developing software for [[Game Boy]] and [[Super Famicom]] (Super NES).


In August 1999, Tose was listed on the Osaka Securities Exchange 2nd Section and Kyoto Stock Exchange. In October of that year, the Kyoto Head office was opened at Shijo-Karasuma, which integrated the business of head office functions and the Karasuma CG Center. On 27 September 2000, Tose was listed on the [[Tokyo Stock Exchange]] 2nd Section.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20071027055016/http://www.tose.co.jp/jp/ir/2000/000927.html 東京証券取引所市場第二部への上場のお知らせ]</ref> In August 2001, it was listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange 1st Section and Osaka Securities Exchange 1st Section.
In August 1999, Tose was listed on the [[Osaka Exchange|Osaka Securities Exchange]] 2nd Section and the Kyoto Stock Exchange. In October of that year, Tose's Kyoto Head office was opened at Shijo-Karasuma, which integrated its head office functions with the Karasuma CG Center. On 27 September 2000, Tose was listed on the [[Tokyo Stock Exchange]] 2nd Section.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2007-10-27|title=TOSE Software-Japan-|url=http://www.tose.co.jp/jp/ir/2000/000927.html|access-date=2023-04-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071027055016/http://www.tose.co.jp/jp/ir/2000/000927.html |archive-date=2007-10-27 }}</ref> In August 2001, it was listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange 1st Section and Osaka Securities Exchange 1st Section.


On 18 December 2007, Tose announced the leakage of its business information onto the Internet discovered the day before. The leak included 10 pieces of information relating to customer names, development cases, development contents, development fees, and reception time.<ref>[http://www.tose.co.jp/jp/ir/pdf/20071218.pdf 業務情報の漏洩に関するお知らせ]{{Dead link|date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=no }}</ref>
On 18 December 2007, Tose announced the leakage of its business information onto the Internet, which was discovered the day before. The leak included 10 pieces of information relating to customer names, development cases, development contents, development fees, and reception time.<ref>[http://www.tose.co.jp/jp/ir/pdf/20071218.pdf 業務情報の漏洩に関するお知らせ]{{Dead link|date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=no }}</ref>


On September 1, 2011, Tose announced the separation of the amusement machine development business from the second game development department (ゲーム事業部開発２部) into a separate amusement machine developer (AM開発部).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111030210427/http://www.tose.co.jp/jp/ir/pdf/20110901.pdf 機構改革および人事異動についてのお知らせ]</ref>
On September 1, 2011, Tose announced the separation of its amusement machine development business from its second game development department (ゲーム事業部開発２部) into a separate amusement machine developer (AM開発部).<ref>{{Cite web|date=2011-10-30|title=Archived copy|url=http://www.tose.co.jp/jp/ir/pdf/20110901.pdf|access-date=2023-04-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111030210427/http://www.tose.co.jp/jp/ir/pdf/20110901.pdf |archive-date=2011-10-30 }}</ref>

In July 2024, it was reported that Tose was experiencing financial hardship due to a number of cancelled games from partners including [[Square Enix]] and [[Bandai Namco Holdings|Bandai Namco]]. For the period covering September 2023 to May 2024 the studio's net sales fell nearly 28%, leading to an operating loss of 599 million yen ($3.7 million).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Serin |first=Kaan |date=2024-07-04 |title=Prolific Japanese outsourcing studio that's quietly worked on Zelda, Final Fantasy, and Resident Evil for over 44 years is in trouble due to game cancellations |url=https://www.gamesradar.com/games/dragon-quest/prolific-japanese-outsourcing-studio-thats-quietly-worked-on-zelda-final-fantasy-and-resident-evil-for-over-44-years-is-in-trouble-due-to-game-cancellations/ |access-date=2024-07-04 |website=gamesradar |language=en}}</ref>


==List of games developed by Tose==
==List of games developed by Tose==
'''NOTE''': Some of these titles are merely ''believed'' or ''assumed'' to be developed by Tose, due to information compiled by various amateur and professional journalists. Most have not been officially confirmed as Tose-developed products by any of the games' publishers, co-developers, nor Tose itself. Many of the games released by [[Bandai]], [[Tomy Corporation]], [[Jaleco]], [[Taito]], [[Namco]], [[Tonkin House]] were developed by Tose.
'''NOTE''': Some of these titles are merely ''believed'' or ''assumed'' to be developed by Tose, due to information compiled by various amateur and professional journalists. Most have not been officially confirmed as Tose-developed products by any of the games' publishers, co-developers, nor Tose itself. Many of the games released by [[Bandai]], [[Tomy Corporation]], [[Jaleco]], [[Taito]], [[Namco]], [[Tonkin House]] were developed by Tose.
:''See also [[:Category:Tose (company) games]]''
:''See also [[:Category:Tose (company) games]]''
{{Expand list|date=October 2011}}
{{Incomplete list|date=October 2011}}


===Arcade===
===Arcade===
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*''[[Mappy-Land]]'' (1986)
*''[[Mappy-Land]]'' (1986)
*''[[Choplifter]]'' (1986)
*''[[Choplifter]]'' (1986)
*''[[List_of_Dragon_Ball_video_games#1980s|Dragon Power]]'' (1986)
*''[[List of Dragon Ball video games#1980s|Dragon Power]]'' (1986)
*''[[Ninja Kid]]'' (1986)
*''[[Ninja Kid]]'' (1986)
*''[[Urusei Yatsura: Lum no Wedding Bell]]'' (1986)
*''[[Urusei Yatsura: Lum no Wedding Bell]]'' (1986)
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*''[[Racket Attack]]'' (1988)
*''[[Racket Attack]]'' (1988)
*''[[Demon Sword]]'' (1988)
*''[[Demon Sword]]'' (1988)
*''[[List_of_Dragon_Ball_video_games#1980s|Dragon Ball: Daimaou Fukkatsu]]'' (1988)
*''[[List of Dragon Ball video games#1980s|Dragon Ball: Daimaou Fukkatsu]]'' (1988)
*''[[Pinball Quest]]'' (1989)
*''[[Pinball Quest]]'' (1989)
*''[[Oishinbo|Oishinbo: Kyukyoku no Menu 3bon Syoubu]]'' (1989)
*''[[Oishinbo|Oishinbo: Kyukyoku no Menu 3bon Syoubu]]'' (1989)
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*''[[J. League Super Top Players]]'' (1994)
*''[[J. League Super Top Players]]'' (1994)


=== Famicom Disk System ===
=== Family Computer Disk System ===


* ''[[Famicom Tantei Club: Kieta Kōkeisha]]'' (1988)
* ''[[Famicom Tantei Club: Kieta Kōkeisha]]'' (1988)
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*''Takeda Nobuhiro no Super League Soccer'' (1994)
*''Takeda Nobuhiro no Super League Soccer'' (1994)
*''[[Super Bases Loaded 3]]'' (1994)
*''[[Super Bases Loaded 3]]'' (1994)
*''[[List of Tetris variants#Official games|Tetris 2]]'' (1994)
*''[[Gon (video game)|Gon]]'' (1994)
*''[[Gon (video game)|Gon]]'' (1994)
*''[[Natsuki Crisis Battle]]'' (1995)
*''[[Natsuki Crisis Battle]]'' (1995)
*''[[Sterling Sharpe: End 2 End]]'' (1995, Super NES only)
*''[[Sterling Sharpe: End 2 End]]'' (1995, Super NES only)
*''[[List_of_Dragon_Ball_video_games#1990s|Dragon Ball Z: Super Saiya Densetsu]]'' (1992)
*''[[List of Dragon Ball video games#1990s|Dragon Ball Z: Super Saiya Densetsu]]'' (1992)
*''[[List_of_Dragon_Ball_video_games#1990s|Dragon Ball Z: Super Butouden]]'' (1993)
*''[[Dragon_Ball_Z:_Super_Butōden|Dragon Ball Z: Super Butouden]]'' (1993)
*''[[List_of_Dragon_Ball_video_games#1990s|Dragon Ball Z: Super Butouden 2]]'' (1993)
*''[[Dragon_Ball_Z:_Super_Butōden_2|Dragon Ball Z: Super Butouden 2]]'' (1993)
*''[[List_of_Dragon_Ball_video_games#1990s|Dragon Ball Z: Super Butouden 3]]'' (1994)
*''[[Dragon_Ball_Z:_Super_Butōden_3|Dragon Ball Z: Super Butouden 3]]'' (1994)
*''[[Pro Sport Hockey]]'' (1994)
*''[[Pro Sport Hockey]]'' (1994)
*''[[List_of_Dragon_Ball_video_games#1990s|Dragon Ball Z: Chou Gokuu Den: Kakusei-hen]]'' (1995)
*''[[List of Dragon Ball video games#1990s|Dragon Ball Z: Chou Gokuu Den: Kakusei-hen]]'' (1995)
*''[[List_of_Dragon_Ball_video_games#1990s|Dragon Ball Z: Chou Gokuu Den: Totsugeki-hen]]'' (1995)
*''[[List of Dragon Ball video games#1990s|Dragon Ball Z: Chou Gokuu Den: Totsugeki-hen]]'' (1995)
*''[[List_of_Dragon_Ball_video_games#1990s|Dragon Ball Z: Hyper Dimension]]'' (1996)
*''[[List of Dragon Ball video games#1990s|Dragon Ball Z: Hyper Dimension]]'' (1996)


===Game Boy===
===Game Boy===
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===Game Boy Color===
===Game Boy Color===
*''[[Dragon Warrior Monsters]]'' (1998)<ref name="1UPdirty">{{cite web |last=Kennedy |first=Sam |date=2007-01-24 |title=Tose: Gaming's Dirty Little Secret |url=http://www.1up.com/do/feature?cId=3156447 |access-date=2009-05-22 |publisher=[[1UP.com]]}}</ref>
*''[[Dragon Warrior Monsters]]'' (1998)<ref name="1UPdirty">{{cite web |last=Kennedy |first=Sam |date=2007-01-24 |title=Tose: Gaming's Dirty Little Secret |url=http://www.1up.com/do/feature?cId=3156447 |access-date=2009-05-22 |publisher=[[1UP.com]] |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120716084224/http://www.1up.com/features/gaming-dirty-secret |archive-date=2012-07-16 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
*''[[Game & Watch Gallery 2]]'' (1998)<ref name="1UPdirty" />
*''[[Game & Watch Gallery 2]]'' (1998)<ref name="1UPdirty" />
*''[[Game & Watch Gallery 3]]'' (1999)<ref name="1UPdirty" />
*''[[Game & Watch Gallery 3]]'' (1999)<ref name="1UPdirty" />
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===Game Boy Advance===
===Game Boy Advance===
*''[[Densetsu no Stafy (video game)|Densetsu no Stafy]]'' (2002)<ref name="1UPdirty" /><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20071026212117/http://www.tose.co.jp/jp/ir/2002/020906.html 任天堂より発売のゲームボーイ アドバンス用ソフト「伝説のスタフィー」は、任天堂とトーセが共同開発いたしました。]</ref>
*''[[Densetsu no Stafy (video game)|Densetsu no Stafy]]'' (2002)<ref name="1UPdirty" /><ref>{{Cite web|date=2007-10-26|title=TOSE Software-Japan-|url=http://www.tose.co.jp/jp/ir/2002/020906.html|access-date=2023-04-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071026212117/http://www.tose.co.jp/jp/ir/2002/020906.html |archive-date=2007-10-26 }}</ref>
*''[[Shrek: Hassle at the Castle]]'' (2002)
*''[[Shrek: Hassle at the Castle]]'' (2002)
*''[[Game & Watch Gallery series#Game & Watch Gallery 4|Game & Watch Gallery 4]]'' (2002)<ref name="1UPdirty" />
*''[[Game & Watch Gallery series#Game & Watch Gallery 4|Game & Watch Gallery 4]]'' (2002)<ref name="1UPdirty" />
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*''[[Dragon Quest Monsters: Caravan Heart]]'' (2003)
*''[[Dragon Quest Monsters: Caravan Heart]]'' (2003)
*''[[Shrek video games|Shrek: Reekin' Havoc]]'' (2003)
*''[[Shrek video games|Shrek: Reekin' Havoc]]'' (2003)
*''[[Slime MoriMori Dragon Quest: Shōgeki no Shippo Dan]]'' (2003)
*''[[Slime Mori Mori Dragon Quest]]'' (2003)
*''[[Densetsu no Stafy 3]]'' (2004)<ref name="1UPdirty" />
*''[[Densetsu no Stafy 3]]'' (2004)<ref name="1UPdirty" />
*''[[The Nightmare Before Christmas: The Pumpkin King]]'' (2005)<ref name="1UPdirty" />
*''[[The Nightmare Before Christmas: The Pumpkin King]]'' (2005)<ref name="1UPdirty" />
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=== Virtual Boy ===
=== Virtual Boy ===
*''[[Mario's Tennis]]'' (1995)
*''[[Mario's Tennis]]'' (1995)

===Sega Mega Drive/Genesis===
*''[[Dangerous Seed]]'' (1990)
*''[[Sangokushi Retsuden: Ransei no Eiyuutachi]]'' (1991)
*''[[Marvel Land]]'' (1991)
*''[[Taiheiki]]'' (1991)
*''[[NHK Taiga Drama: Taiheiki]]'' (1991)
*''[[Dragon Ball Z: Buyuu Retsuden]]'' (1994)

===Sega Mega CD/Sega CD===
*''[[Pro Yakyuu Super League CD]]'' (1992)

===Sega Saturn===
*''[[Bakushou!! All Yoshimoto Quiz Ou Ketteisen DX]]'' (1995)
*''[[Dragon Ball Z: Shin Butōden]]'' (1995)
*''[[Shinobi Legions]]'' (1995)
*''[[Funky Fantasy]]'' (1996)
*''[[Gegege no Kitarou: Gentou Kaikitan]]'' (1996)
*''[[Matsukata Hiroki no World Fishing]]'' (1996)
*''[[Funky Head Boxers]]'' (1997)
*''[[RayStorm|Layer Section II]]'' (1997)
*''[[Shin Theme Park]]'' (1997)
*''[[Kidou Senshi Z Gundam: Zenpen Zeta no Kodou]]'' (1997)
*''[[Moon Cradle]]'' (1997)
*''[[Kidou Senshi Z Gundam: Kouhen Sora o Kakeru]]'' (1997)
*''[[Digital Monster Ver. S Digimon Tamers]]'' (1998)
*''[[Nihon Daihyou Team no Kantoku ni Narou! Sekaihatsu, Soccer RPG]]'' (1998)


===PlayStation===
===PlayStation===
*''[[Dragon Ball Z: Ultimate Battle 22]]'' (1995)
⚫
*''[[Theme Aquarium]]'' (1998)<ref>{{cite web |last1=Rose |first1=Mike |title=What the heck is Bullfrog's Theme Aquarium? |url=https://www.gamasutra.com/blogs/MikeRose/20130501/191551/What_the_heck_is_Bullfrogs_Theme_Aquarium.php |website=[[Gamasutra]] |publisher=[[UBM Technology Group]] |access-date=January 7, 2019 |date=May 1, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Aquarium (1998) PlayStation release dates |url=https://www.mobygames.com/game/aquarium/release-info |website=[[MobyGames]] |publisher=Blue Flame Labs |access-date=7 January 2019}}</ref>
*''[[Dragon Ball GT: Final Bout]]'' (1997)
⚫
*''[[Theme Aquarium]]'' (1998)<ref>{{cite web |last1=Rose |first1=Mike |title=What the heck is Bullfrog's Theme Aquarium? |url=https://www.gamedeveloper.com/business/what-the-heck-is-bullfrog-s-theme-aquarium- |website=[[Gamasutra]] |publisher=[[UBM Technology Group]] |access-date=2024-02-25 |date=May 1, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Aquarium (1998) PlayStation release dates |url=https://www.mobygames.com/game/aquarium/release-info |website=[[MobyGames]] |publisher=Blue Flame Labs |access-date=7 January 2019}}</ref>
*''[[Thousand Arms]]'' (1998)<ref>{{cite web | author=Hill, Doug | date=October 14, 1999 | title=Tose to develop for Playstation 2 | url=http://www.rpgamer.com/news/Q4-1999/101499c.html | work=RPGamer.com | access-date=2009-08-16 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120930194147/http://www.rpgamer.com/news/Q4-1999/101499c.html | archive-date=2012-09-30 | url-status=dead}}</ref>
*''[[Thousand Arms]]'' (1998)<ref>{{cite web | author=Hill, Doug | date=October 14, 1999 | title=Tose to develop for Playstation 2 | url=http://www.rpgamer.com/news/Q4-1999/101499c.html | work=RPGamer.com | access-date=2009-08-16 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120930194147/http://www.rpgamer.com/news/Q4-1999/101499c.html | archive-date=2012-09-30 | url-status=dead}}</ref>
*''[[Shin Megami Tensei: Devil Summoner: Soul Hackers]]'' (1998) <ref>{{cite web | author=Caoili, Eric | date=December 29, 2010 | title=Devil Summoner: Soul Hackers' Fan-Translation Trailer | url=http://www.gamesetwatch.com/2010/12/devil_summoner_soul_hackers_fa.php | work=GameSetWatch | access-date=2015-05-13}}</ref>
*''[[Shin Megami Tensei: Devil Summoner: Soul Hackers]]'' (1998)<ref>{{cite web | author=Caoili, Eric | date=December 29, 2010 | title=Devil Summoner: Soul Hackers' Fan-Translation Trailer | url=http://www.gamesetwatch.com/2010/12/devil_summoner_soul_hackers_fa.php | work=GameSetWatch | access-date=2015-05-13}}{{dead link|date=February 2024 |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>
*''[[Resident Evil Survivor]]'' (2000)
*''[[Resident Evil Survivor]]'' (2000)
*''[[Bass Landing]]'' (2000)
*''[[Bass Landing]]'' (2000)
*''Bass Landing 2'' (2001)
*''Bass Landing 2'' (2001)

⚫
=== Dreamcast ===
⚫
*''[[Resident Evil – Code: Veronica]]'' (2000)
*''[[Sega GT: Homologation Special]]'' (2000)
*''[[Jikkyou Powerful Pro Yakyuu Dreamcast Edition]]'' (2000)


===PlayStation 2===
===PlayStation 2===
*''[[The King of Route 66]]'' (co-developed with [[Sega-AM2]], 2003)<ref name="1UPdirty" />
*''[[The King of Route 66]]'' (co-developed with [[Sega-AM2]], 2003)<ref name="1UPdirty" />
*''[[The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge]]'' (2005)
*''Code of the Samurai'' (co-developed with [[Red Entertainment]])
*''Code of the Samurai'' (co-developed with [[Red Entertainment]])


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*''[[Dragon Quest Monsters: Joker 2]]'' (2010)
*''[[Dragon Quest Monsters: Joker 2]]'' (2010)
*''[[Planes (film)#Video game|Planes]]'' (2013)
*''[[Planes (film)#Video game|Planes]]'' (2013)
*''Tetris DS'' (unreleased)
*''[[Tetris DS]]'' (unreleased)

===Wii===
*''[[Pac-Man Party]]'' (2010)
*''[[Fortune Street]]'' (2011)


===Nintendo 3DS===
===Nintendo 3DS===
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*''[[Famicom Detective Club |Famicom Detective Club: The Missing Heir (Remake)]]'' (2021)
*''[[Famicom Detective Club |Famicom Detective Club: The Missing Heir (Remake)]]'' (2021)
*''[[WarioWare: Get It Together!]]'' (Co-developed with Intelligent Systems, 2021)
*''[[WarioWare: Get It Together!]]'' (Co-developed with Intelligent Systems, 2021)
*''[[Dragon Quest Treasures]]'' (Co-developed with Square Enix, 2022)
*''[[Dragon Quest Treasures]]'' (Co-developed with [[Square Enix]], 2022)
*''[[Crisis Core: Final Fantasy VII|Crisis Core: Final Fantasy VII Reunion]]'' (co-developed with [[Square Enix]], 2022)
*''[[Crisis Core: Final Fantasy VII|Crisis Core: Final Fantasy VII Reunion]]'' (co-developed with Square Enix, 2022)
*''[[Dragon Quest Monsters: The Dark Prince]]'' (Co-developed with Square Enix, 2023)<ref>{{Cite web |title=3rd Quarter of Fiscal Year Ending August 31, 2023 |url=https://contents.xj-storage.jp/xcontents/AS05083/4219fa62/4b7f/4161/b7f7/c8025accdc77/20230707142738394s.pdf |publisher=Tose Co, Ltd.}}</ref>

*''[[Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door#Remake|Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door]]'' (2024)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tose.co.jp/en/workslist.html |title=Works {{!}} TOSE CO., LTD. |access-date=July 14, 2024 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240705093709/https://www.tose.co.jp/en/workslist.html |archive-date = July 5, 2024}}</ref>
⚫
=== Dreamcast ===
⚫
*''[[Resident Evil – Code: Veronica]]'' (2000)


===PC===
===PC===
Line 258: Line 298:


* ''Fight League'' (2017)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Supported the development of smartphone app, "Fight League（TM）". {{!}} News {{!}} TOSE CO., LTD. |url=https://tose.co.jp/en/news/2017706000331.html |access-date=2022-08-13 |website=www.tose.co.jp}}</ref>
* ''Fight League'' (2017)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Supported the development of smartphone app, "Fight League（TM）". {{!}} News {{!}} TOSE CO., LTD. |url=https://tose.co.jp/en/news/2017706000331.html |access-date=2022-08-13 |website=www.tose.co.jp}}</ref>
* ''Nijigasaki High School Idol Club TOKIMEKI RunRuns'' (2022)<ref>{{Cite web |title=TOSE group developed "Nijigasaki High School idol club TOKIMEKI RunRuns",one of LOVE LIVE! series. {{!}} News {{!}} TOSE CO., LTD. |url=http://www.tose.co.jp/en/news/2022622000518.html |access-date=2022-08-13 |website=www.tose.co.jp}}</ref>
* ''Nijigasaki High School Idol Club TOKIMEKI RunRuns'' (2022)<ref>{{Cite web |title=TOSE group developed "Nijigasaki High School idol club TOKIMEKI RunRuns", one of LOVE LIVE! series. {{!}} News {{!}} TOSE CO., LTD. |url=http://www.tose.co.jp/en/news/2022622000518.html |access-date=2022-08-13 |website=www.tose.co.jp}}</ref>
=== 3DO Interactive Multiplayer ===

*''[[Pretty Soldier Sailor Moon S (3DO game)|Pretty Soldier Sailor Moon S]]''


== Games ported by Tose ==
== Games ported by Tose ==
Tose has [[Porting|ported]] a few games, including [[Square (video game company)|Square]] and [[Enix]] games for the [[Nintendo Entertainment System]] and [[Super Nintendo Entertainment System|Super NES]].
Tose has [[Porting|ported]] a few games, including [[Square (video game company)|Square]] and [[Enix]] games for the [[Nintendo Entertainment System]] and [[Super Nintendo Entertainment System|Super NES]].


*''[[Chrono Trigger]]'' ([[PlayStation (console)|PlayStation]], Nintendo DS)<ref name="npct">{{Cite news| year=2008 |title=Nintendo Power Holiday 2008 |periodical=Nintendo Power |volume=236 |page=82}}</ref>
*''[[Chrono Trigger]]'' ([[PlayStation (console)|PlayStation]], Nintendo DS)<ref name="npct">{{Cite magazine| year=2008 |title=Nintendo Power Holiday 2008 |magazine=Nintendo Power |volume=236 |page=82}}</ref>
* ''[[Front Mission (video game)|Front Mission]]'' ([[Nintendo DS]])
* ''[[Front Mission (video game)|Front Mission]]'' ([[Nintendo DS]])
*''[[Final Fantasy I and II (compilations)|Final Fantasy Origins]]'' and ''[[Final Fantasy I and II (compilations)|Final Fantasy I & II: Dawn of Souls]]'' (ports of ''Final Fantasy I & II'' for the PlayStation and [[Game Boy Advance]], respectively)<ref name="1UPdirty" />
*''[[Final Fantasy I and II (compilations)|Final Fantasy Origins]]'' and ''[[Final Fantasy I and II (compilations)|Final Fantasy I & II: Dawn of Souls]]'' (ports of ''Final Fantasy I & II'' for the PlayStation and [[Game Boy Advance]], respectively)<ref name="1UPdirty" />
Line 275: Line 318:
*''[[Resident Evil Revelations HD]]'' ([[Windows]], [[PlayStation 3]], [[Wii U]], [[Xbox 360]])
*''[[Resident Evil Revelations HD]]'' ([[Windows]], [[PlayStation 3]], [[Wii U]], [[Xbox 360]])
*''[[Ōkami]]'' ([[Wii]], co-developed with [[Ready At Dawn]])
*''[[Ōkami]]'' ([[Wii]], co-developed with [[Ready At Dawn]])
*''[[2002 FIFA World Cup (video game)|2002 FIFA World Cup]]'' ([[GameCube]], co-developed with [[EA Canada]], [[Software Creations (UK)|Acclaim Studios Manchester]], and [[Intelligent Games]])
*''[[2002 FIFA World Cup (video game)|2002 FIFA World Cup]]'' ([[GameCube]], co-developed with [[EA Canada]], [[Acclaim Studios Manchester|Creations]], and [[Intelligent Games]])
*''[[Metal Gear Solid]]'' ([[Windows]] port)
*''[[Metal Gear Solid]]'' ([[Windows]] port)
*''[[Dead Rising: Chop Till You Drop]]'' (port of [[Dead Rising (video game)|''Dead Rising'']] for [[Wii]])
*[[The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild]] ([[Nintendo Switch]] port) <ref>{{Citation |title=Zelda Breath Of The Wild Playthrough - Credits |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E5_gUVmlVd4 |language=en |access-date=2022-12-13}}</ref>
*''[[The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild]]'' ([[Nintendo Switch]] port) <ref>{{Citation |title=Zelda Breath Of The Wild Playthrough - Credits | date=7 March 2017 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E5_gUVmlVd4 |language=en |access-date=2022-12-13}}</ref>


==Notes==
==Notes==
Line 284: Line 328:
==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Official website|https://www.tose.co.jp/en/}}


[[Category:Amusement companies of Japan]]
[[Category:Amusement companies of Japan]]
[[Category:Companies based in Kyoto]]
[[Category:Companies based in Kyoto]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Nintendo divisions and subsidiaries]]
[[Category:Video game companies of Japan]]
[[Category:Video game companies of Japan]]
[[Category:Video game development companies]]
[[Category:Video game development companies]]

Latest revision as of 05:22, 14 September 2024

Tose Co., Ltd.
Native name
株式会社トーセ
Company typePublic (K.K)
TYO: 4728
IndustryVideo games
FoundedNovember 1979; 45 years ago (1979-11)
Headquarters
Kyoto
,
Japan
Key people
  • Shigeru Saito (Chairman & CEO)
  • Yasuhito Watanabe (President & COO)
ProductsThe Legendary Starfy series
Game & Watch Gallery series
Number of employees
657 (2024)[1]
Websitetose.co.jp

Tose Co., Ltd.[a] (TYO: 4728) (also called Tose Software) is a Japanese video game development company based in Kyoto. It is mostly known for developing Nintendo's Game & Watch Gallery series, various Dragon Ball games, as well as other Nintendo products. Tose has developed or co-developed over 1,000 games since the company's inception in 1979, but is virtually never credited in the games themselves (an exception to this is Scarlet Nexus with Bandai Namco, Game & Watch Gallery 4 and The Legendary Starfy series, as Tose shares the copyright with Nintendo).[2] Tose maintains a policy of having no creative input into the work they do, going so far as to refuse to put their names in the credits for most of the games they work on. As such, Tose has gained a reputation for being a "ghost developer".[3]

History

[edit]

Tose was established in November 1979 in Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto, as an independent entity from Toa Seiko Co. Ltd. It moved its head office to Otokuni-gun, Kyoto Prefecture in May 1986. In July 1988, Tose moved its head office to Yamazaki, Kyoto. In May 1990, Tose began developing software for the Game Boy and the Super Famicom.

In August 1999, Tose was listed on the Osaka Securities Exchange 2nd Section and the Kyoto Stock Exchange. In October of that year, Tose's Kyoto Head office was opened at Shijo-Karasuma, which integrated its head office functions with the Karasuma CG Center. On 27 September 2000, Tose was listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange 2nd Section.[4] In August 2001, it was listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange 1st Section and Osaka Securities Exchange 1st Section.

On 18 December 2007, Tose announced the leakage of its business information onto the Internet, which was discovered the day before. The leak included 10 pieces of information relating to customer names, development cases, development contents, development fees, and reception time.[5]

On September 1, 2011, Tose announced the separation of its amusement machine development business from its second game development department (ゲーム事業部開発２部) into a separate amusement machine developer (AM開発部).[6]

In July 2024, it was reported that Tose was experiencing financial hardship due to a number of cancelled games from partners including Square Enix and Bandai Namco. For the period covering September 2023 to May 2024 the studio's net sales fell nearly 28%, leading to an operating loss of 599 million yen ($3.7 million).[7]

List of games developed by Tose

[edit]

NOTE: Some of these titles are merely believed or assumed to be developed by Tose, due to information compiled by various amateur and professional journalists. Most have not been officially confirmed as Tose-developed products by any of the games' publishers, co-developers, nor Tose itself. Many of the games released by Bandai, Tomy Corporation, Jaleco, Taito, Namco, Tonkin House were developed by Tose.

See also Category:Tose (company) games

Arcade

[edit]

Family Computer/Nintendo Entertainment System

[edit]

Family Computer Disk System

[edit]

Super Famicom/Super NES

[edit]

Game Boy

[edit]

Game Boy Color

[edit]

Game Boy Advance

[edit]

Virtual Boy

[edit]

Sega Mega Drive/Genesis

[edit]

Sega Mega CD/Sega CD

[edit]

Sega Saturn

[edit]

PlayStation

[edit]

Dreamcast

[edit]

PlayStation 2

[edit]

GameCube

[edit]

PlayStation 3

[edit]

PlayStation 4

[edit]

PlayStation 5

[edit]

PlayStation Portable

[edit]

PlayStation Vita

[edit]

Nintendo DS

[edit]

Wii

[edit]

Nintendo 3DS

[edit]

Wii U

[edit]

Nintendo Switch

[edit]

PC

[edit]

Android, iOS

[edit]
  • Fight League (2017)[18]
  • Nijigasaki High School Idol Club TOKIMEKI RunRuns (2022)[19]

3DO Interactive Multiplayer

[edit]

Games ported by Tose

[edit]

Tose has ported a few games, including Square and Enix games for the Nintendo Entertainment System and Super NES.

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Japanese: 株式会社トーセ, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Tōse

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Company profile" (PDF). Tose Co., Ltd. May 31, 2024. Retrieved 3 July 2024.
  2. ^ Sheffield, Brandon (2006-05-18). "Tose: Game Development Ninjas". Game Developer. Retrieved 2023-10-18.
  3. ^ Cifaldi, Frank (2006-04-20). "The Connection is Made: Developer Highlights from Game Connection 2006 (Part Two)". Game Developer. Retrieved 2023-10-18.
  4. ^ "TOSE Software-Japan-". 2007-10-27. Archived from the original on 2007-10-27. Retrieved 2023-04-19.
  5. ^ 業務情報の漏洩に関するお知らせ[permanent dead link‍]
  6. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). 2011-10-30. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-10-30. Retrieved 2023-04-19.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  7. ^ Serin, Kaan (2024-07-04). "Prolific Japanese outsourcing studio that's quietly worked on Zelda, Final Fantasy, and Resident Evil for over 44 years is in trouble due to game cancellations". gamesradar. Retrieved 2024-07-04.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Kennedy, Sam (2007-01-24). "Tose: Gaming's Dirty Little Secret". 1UP.com. Archived from the original on 2012-07-16. Retrieved 2009-05-22.
  9. ^ "TOSE Software-Japan-". 2007-10-26. Archived from the original on 2007-10-26. Retrieved 2023-04-19.
  10. ^ Rose, Mike (May 1, 2013). "What the heck is Bullfrog's Theme Aquarium?". Gamasutra. UBM Technology Group. Retrieved 2024-02-25.
  11. ^ "Aquarium (1998) PlayStation release dates". MobyGames. Blue Flame Labs. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
  12. ^ Hill, Doug (October 14, 1999). "Tose to develop for Playstation 2". RPGamer.com. Archived from the original on 2012-09-30. Retrieved 2009-08-16.
  13. ^ Caoili, Eric (December 29, 2010). "Devil Summoner: Soul Hackers' Fan-Translation Trailer". GameSetWatch. Retrieved 2015-05-13.[permanent dead link‍]
  14. ^ Seedhouse, Alex (May 25, 2019). "Star Ocean: First Departure R Announced For Nintendo Switch". Nintendo Insider. Retrieved September 12, 2019.
  15. ^ "Supported the development of "Splatoon2" for Nintendo Switch (TM). | News | TOSE CO., LTD". www.tose.co.jp. Retrieved 2022-08-13.
  16. ^ "3rd Quarter of Fiscal Year Ending August 31, 2023" (PDF). Tose Co, Ltd.
  17. ^ "Works | TOSE CO., LTD". Archived from the original on July 5, 2024. Retrieved July 14, 2024.
  18. ^ "Supported the development of smartphone app, "Fight League（TM）". | News | TOSE CO., LTD". www.tose.co.jp. Retrieved 2022-08-13.
  19. ^ "TOSE group developed "Nijigasaki High School idol club TOKIMEKI RunRuns", one of LOVE LIVE! series. | News | TOSE CO., LTD". www.tose.co.jp. Retrieved 2022-08-13.
  20. ^ "Nintendo Power Holiday 2008". Nintendo Power. Vol. 236. 2008. p. 82.
  21. ^ Zelda Breath Of The Wild Playthrough - Credits, 7 March 2017, retrieved 2022-12-13
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