Whites Only Scholarship: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Parody scholarship}} |
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{{notability|Companies|date=May 2014}} |
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{{Cleanup|date=May 2010}} |
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The '''Whites Only Scholarship''' was founded in 2004<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.cnn.com/2004/EDUCATION/02/18/whites.only.scholars/ | work=CNN | title=Whites-only scholarship generates controversy | date=February 18, 2004}}</ref> by [[Jason Mattera]], a Hispanic [[Roger Williams University]] student and member of the school [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]]. The [[scholarship]] was a proposal to parody and highlight what Mattera perceives as inequity and unfairness of racial preferences at his school and other educational institutions in America. While a parody, it was still executed. The winner, architecture major Tony Capriccio, was awarded a cash award.<ref>{{ |
The '''Whites Only Scholarship''' was founded in 2004<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.cnn.com/2004/EDUCATION/02/18/whites.only.scholars/ | work=CNN | title=Whites-only scholarship generates controversy | date=February 18, 2004}}</ref> by [[Jason Mattera]], a Hispanic [[Roger Williams University]] student and member of the school [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]]. The [[scholarship]] was a proposal to [[parody]] and highlight what Mattera perceives as inequity and unfairness of racial preferences at his school and other educational institutions in America. While a parody, it was still executed. The winner, architecture major Tony Capriccio, was awarded a cash award.<ref>{{YouTube|y9qbhSuzHzs|Jason Mattera on CNN, November 27, 2006}}</ref> Mattera himself is of Puerto Rican descent and received a $5,000 scholarship open only to a minority group.<ref name="Scholarship Created">{{cite news |
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| title=New Scholarship Created for Whites Only |
| title=New Scholarship Created for Whites Only |
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| date=February 16, 2004 |
| date=February 16, 2004 |
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| publisher=[[CNN]] |
| publisher=[[CNN]] |
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| url=http://www.cnn.com/2004/EDUCATION/02/15/whites.only.ap/ |
| url=http://www.cnn.com/2004/EDUCATION/02/15/whites.only.ap/ |
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| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060619114949/http://edition.cnn.com/2004/EDUCATION/02/15/whites.only.ap/ | archivedate=June 19, 2006 | |
| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060619114949/http://edition.cnn.com/2004/EDUCATION/02/15/whites.only.ap/ | archivedate=June 19, 2006 |url-status=dead |
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}}</ref><ref name="Daily Texan">{{cite news |
}}</ref><ref name="Daily Texan">{{cite news |
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| title=Roger Williams U. Group Offers Whites-Only Scholarship |
| title=Roger Williams U. Group Offers Whites-Only Scholarship |
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| work=[[The Daily Texan]] |
| work=[[The Daily Texan]] |
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| url=http://www.dailytexanonline.com/media/paper410/news/2004/02/17/University/Roger.Williams.U.Group.Offers.WhitesOnly.Scholarship-609215.shtml |
| url=http://www.dailytexanonline.com/media/paper410/news/2004/02/17/University/Roger.Williams.U.Group.Offers.WhitesOnly.Scholarship-609215.shtml |
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| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930220903/http://www.dailytexanonline.com/media/paper410/news/2004/02/17/University/Roger.Williams.U.Group.Offers.WhitesOnly.Scholarship-609215.shtml | archivedate=September 30, 2007 | |
| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930220903/http://www.dailytexanonline.com/media/paper410/news/2004/02/17/University/Roger.Williams.U.Group.Offers.WhitesOnly.Scholarship-609215.shtml | archivedate=September 30, 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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==Reasons== |
==Reasons== |
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===KOPSES=== |
===KOPSES=== |
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A similar scholarship was offered two months later at the [[University of Missouri]] by Colin Kerr,<ref>{{cite news |
A similar scholarship was offered two months later at the [[University of Missouri]] by Colin Kerr,<ref>{{cite news |
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| title=Duo creates |
| title=Duo creates 'White Scholarship' as protest |
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| date=April 15, 2004 |
| date=April 15, 2004 |
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| work=[[Columbia Missourian]] |
| work=[[Columbia Missourian]] |
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| url=http://www.columbiamissourian.com/stories/2004/04/15/duo-creates-white-scholarship-as-protest/ |
| url=http://www.columbiamissourian.com/stories/2004/04/15/duo-creates-white-scholarship-as-protest/ |
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| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208105206/https://www.columbiamissourian.com/stories/2004/04/15/duo-creates-white-scholarship-as-protest/ | archivedate= February 8, 2012| |
| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208105206/https://www.columbiamissourian.com/stories/2004/04/15/duo-creates-white-scholarship-as-protest/ | archivedate= February 8, 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> a sophomore. While Kerr consulted with Mattera before the release of the scholarship, he maintains it was an independent project planned months before the release of scholarship at Roger Williams. Under the auspices of a group called the Kerr-Otis Partnership for Socio-Economic Scholarships (KOPSES), Kerr echoed similar arguments to that of Mattera, though his scholarship eligibility requirement of 1/8 European-American descent mirrored that of the [[University of Missouri]]'s criteria for minority status.<ref>{{cite news |
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|title = Guest Column: Editorial Missed the Point of White Scholarship |
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|date = April 27, 2004 |
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|author = Colin Kerr and Dirk Otis |
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|work = [[The Maneater]] |
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|url = http://www.themaneater.com/article.php?id=18903 |
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|archive-url = https://archive.today/20120913013808/http://www.themaneater.com/article.php?id=18903 |
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|url-status = dead |
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|archive-date = September 13, 2012 |
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}}</ref> |
}}</ref> |
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===CARS=== |
===CARS=== |
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The trend in more sophisticated race-based scholarship protests continued when a white scholarship was offered at [[Boston University]], known as the Caucasian Achievement and Recognition Scholarship. Similar to the KOPSES scholarship, the CARS scholarship required applicants to have at least 1/4 Caucasian heritage and although it required a photograph, did not specify that the photograph would be used as proof of race (since partially Caucasian applicants can apply). |
The trend in more sophisticated race-based scholarship protests continued when a white scholarship was offered at [[Boston University]], known as the Caucasian Achievement and Recognition Scholarship. Similar to the KOPSES scholarship, the CARS scholarship required applicants to have at least 1/4 Caucasian heritage and although it required a photograph, did not specify that the photograph would be used as proof of race (since partially Caucasian applicants can apply). {{cn|date=May 2019}} |
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== |
=== Columbia === |
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In 2013, a court affidavit filed by [[JPMorgan Chase]] revealed a graduate-student scholarship fund at [[Columbia University]] given only to persons of the [[Caucasian race]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2013/05/columbia-white-scholarship/315166/|title=How Columbia's 'Illegal' White-Only Scholarship Disappeared|last=Trotter|first=J.K.|date=2013-05-16|work=The Atlantic|access-date=2018-07-16|language=en-US}}</ref> This scholarship, which was established in 1920, has been reportedly awarding aid for 77 years and was valued at $840,000.<ref name=":0" /> The university has temporarily stopped it, hence the JPMorgan Chase affidavit, requesting it to be struck down. According to school administrators, they willfully overlooked racial restrictions when awarding the scholarship but did not specify if the scholarship was ever given to a person of color.<ref name=":0" /> Recipients were also unaware of the race requirements. |
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'''1994 The first Court Ordered White Only Scholarships was created at Historically Black Colleges in Alabama''' |
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The Knight litigation commenced on January 15, 1981, when John F. Knight, Jr., and a class of other alumni, students, and faculty members of [[Alabama State University]] (ASU) filed suit in the Middle District of Alabama to attack alleged vestiges of segregation in public higher education. Knight v. Alabama, 900 F. Supp. 272, .280 (N.D. Ala. 1995) ("Knight II")[4]. The "other-race" scholarships created at ASU pursuant to the Court's 1995 Decree in Knight II violate their rights under the [[Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution|Fourteenth Amendment]] and {{UnitedStatesCode|42|1981}}, {{UnitedStatesCodeSec|42|1983}}, and {{UnitedStatesCodeSec|42|2000d}}. |
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In [[Tompkins v. Alabama State University]], 97-M-1482-S (N.D. Ala. 1998). lead plaintiff Jessie Tompkins filed this original action Pro Se, he was influence by ''[[Hopwood v. Texas]]'', 78 F.3d 932 (5th Cir. 1996), Hopwood was the first successful legal challenge to a university's affirmative action policy in student admissions since ''[[Regents of the University of California v. Bakke]]'', 438 U.S. 265 (1978).The case was filed in the [[U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Alabama]] before [[Myron Herbert Thompson]]. Tompkins alleged that he was denied equal protection of the laws under the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution and the rights guaranteed them by 42 U. S. C. Sections 2000d, 1981 and 1983 of the Civil Rights Act to participate in ASU’s All-White Scholarship Program and to eliminate the race requirements. 40% of Alabama State University academic grants went to whites.<ref name="WSJ-Kronholz">{{cite web | url=https://www.cir-usa.org/1997/12/double-reverse/ | title=Double Reverse Scholarship program for whites becomes a test of preferences | publisher=[[The Center for Individual Rights]] | work=[[Wall Street Journal]] | date=December 23, 1997 | accessdate=October 10, 2017 | author=Kronholz, June| authorlink = June Kronholz}}</ref> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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{{More footnotes|date=May 2010}}<!-- these references should be inline and in the context of the article. --> |
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* {{cite news |
* {{cite news |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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* {{ |
* {{YouTube|mjmL2bF8kvc|ASU Protest Jessie Tompkins interview}} |
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* {{ |
* {{YouTube|mKqaS6E0xb8|ABC News Interview/ DC Trip Jessie Tompkins}} |
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* {{ |
* {{YouTube|uy8YIDVe83k|NBC News Settlement Interview with Jessie Tompkins}} |
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* {{ |
* {{YouTube|Hn3ANVpIs1w|ABC News Settlement Interview with Jessie Tompkins}} |
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* {{ |
* {{YouTube|tQ_wny8mFo4|Jessie Tompkins NBC News Poll Results}} |
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* [https://www.eojas.in/2021/03/gujarat-high-court-recruitment-2021.html]{{Dead link|date=April 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} District Court Order |
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* [https://docs.google.com/gview?a=v&q=cache:hbEfpTzaoBUJ:www.cir-usa.org/legal_docs/tompkins_v_alabama_district.pdf+www.cir-usa.org/legal_docs/tompkins_v_alabama_district.pdf&hl=en&gl=us] District Court Order |
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* [https://opportunitiesinfo.com Study Abroad on Scholarship] [https://opportunitiesinfo.com] |
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* [https://docs.google.com/gview?a=v&q=cache:O-NDo8kmxH8J:www.cir-usa.org/legal_docs/tompkins_v_alabama_cert.pdf+jessie+tompkins+and+cir+legal+briefs&hl=en&gl=us] Writ Of Certiorari to U.S. Supreme Court |
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* [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3626/is_200407/ai_n9468078/pg_4/?tag=content;col1], findarticles.com, EVENTS AFTER THE KNIGHT DECISION. |
* [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3626/is_200407/ai_n9468078/pg_4/?tag=content;col1], findarticles.com, EVENTS AFTER THE KNIGHT DECISION. |
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[[Category:Identity politics in the United States]] |
[[Category:Identity politics in the United States]] |
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[[Category:Protests in the United States]] |
[[Category:Protests in the United States]] |
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[[Category:Scholarships]] |
[[Category:Scholarships in the United States]] |
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[[Category:White Americans]] |
[[Category:White Americans]] |
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Latest revision as of 16:10, 14 September 2024
The Whites Only Scholarship was founded in 2004[1] by Jason Mattera, a Hispanic Roger Williams University student and member of the school Republican Party. The scholarship was a proposal to parody and highlight what Mattera perceives as inequity and unfairness of racial preferences at his school and other educational institutions in America. While a parody, it was still executed. The winner, architecture major Tony Capriccio, was awarded a cash award.[2] Mattera himself is of Puerto Rican descent and received a $5,000 scholarship open only to a minority group.[3][4]
Reasons
[edit]Mattera argues that he supports private organizations such as the Hispanic College Fund, The United Negro College Fund, and other groups that are privately funded and ethnically-based that award scholarships to members of their own communities, a position he claims is fully in line with freedom of association. However, he is opposed to federally subsidized institutions creating two classes of persons by imposing different standards on them. Either such universities should compile race-based scholarships for all students, or they should award scholarships on the basis of merit alone, he writes.[5]
Roger Williams University chapter of the College Republicans (RWUCR) was condemned by Rhode Island's Republican Party and were no longer allowed to use a capital "R" in their name.[5] The group still used the "R" in defiance. The student who won the scholarship donated the prize money to those affected by the 2003 Station Nightclub Fire.
Similar scholarships
[edit]KOPSES
[edit]A similar scholarship was offered two months later at the University of Missouri by Colin Kerr,[6] a sophomore. While Kerr consulted with Mattera before the release of the scholarship, he maintains it was an independent project planned months before the release of scholarship at Roger Williams. Under the auspices of a group called the Kerr-Otis Partnership for Socio-Economic Scholarships (KOPSES), Kerr echoed similar arguments to that of Mattera, though his scholarship eligibility requirement of 1/8 European-American descent mirrored that of the University of Missouri's criteria for minority status.[7]
Furthermore, before the announcement of the scholarship Kerr brokered a deal between both the leaders of the liberal and conservative campus publications to remain neutral in their coverage. The essay contest asked students to describe "how their European-American heritage affected their view of race-based scholarships." An Asian-American student, whose essay detailed a history of discrimination by his Asian relatives for being partially Caucasian, was awarded the scholarship.
Kerr's KOPSES organization eventually received wide multi-party support and later morphed into the American-Coalition for Socio-Economic Scholarships (ACSES), a short-lived national awareness group that lasted for over a year until its original funding ran short of its operating costs.
CARS
[edit]The trend in more sophisticated race-based scholarship protests continued when a white scholarship was offered at Boston University, known as the Caucasian Achievement and Recognition Scholarship. Similar to the KOPSES scholarship, the CARS scholarship required applicants to have at least 1/4 Caucasian heritage and although it required a photograph, did not specify that the photograph would be used as proof of race (since partially Caucasian applicants can apply). [citation needed]
Columbia
[edit]In 2013, a court affidavit filed by JPMorgan Chase revealed a graduate-student scholarship fund at Columbia University given only to persons of the Caucasian race.[8] This scholarship, which was established in 1920, has been reportedly awarding aid for 77 years and was valued at $840,000.[8] The university has temporarily stopped it, hence the JPMorgan Chase affidavit, requesting it to be struck down. According to school administrators, they willfully overlooked racial restrictions when awarding the scholarship but did not specify if the scholarship was ever given to a person of color.[8] Recipients were also unaware of the race requirements.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Whites-only scholarship generates controversy". CNN. February 18, 2004.
- ^ Jason Mattera on CNN, November 27, 2006 on YouTube
- ^ "New Scholarship Created for Whites Only". CNN. February 16, 2004. Archived from the original on June 19, 2006.
- ^ "Roger Williams U. Group Offers Whites-Only Scholarship". The Daily Texan. February 17, 2004. Archived from the original on September 30, 2007.
- ^ a b "Whites-Only Scholarship Revisited". Lewrockwell.com. March 4, 2004.[dead link]
- ^ "Duo creates 'White Scholarship' as protest". Columbia Missourian. April 15, 2004. Archived from the original on February 8, 2012.
- ^ Colin Kerr and Dirk Otis (April 27, 2004). "Guest Column: Editorial Missed the Point of White Scholarship". The Maneater. Archived from the original on September 13, 2012.
- ^ a b c Trotter, J.K. (2013-05-16). "How Columbia's 'Illegal' White-Only Scholarship Disappeared". The Atlantic. Retrieved 2018-07-16.
- "Asian Student Awarded White Scholarship". Equitas. March 2004.
External links
[edit]- ASU Protest Jessie Tompkins interview on YouTube
- ABC News Interview/ DC Trip Jessie Tompkins on YouTube
- NBC News Settlement Interview with Jessie Tompkins on YouTube
- ABC News Settlement Interview with Jessie Tompkins on YouTube
- Jessie Tompkins NBC News Poll Results on YouTube
- [1][permanent dead link] District Court Order
- Study Abroad on Scholarship [2]
- [3], findarticles.com, EVENTS AFTER THE KNIGHT DECISION.