1891 in Germany: Difference between revisions

Cameroon (Kamerun) – from 7 August Bruno von Schuckmann (acting governor)
German East Africa (Deutsch-Ostafrika) – Hermann Wissmann (commissioner) (1st term) to 21 February, then Julius Freiherr von Soden (with ... Rüdiger, acting governor)
German New Guinea (Deutsch-Neuguinea) – Fritz Rose (commissioner)
German South-West Africa (Deutsch-Südwestafrika) – Louis Nels (acting commissioner) to March, then Curt von François (commissioner)
Togoland – Eugen von Zimmerer (commissioner) to 14 April, then vacant

Events

23–24 January – 1891 European Figure Skating Championships in Hamburg

Undated

German company Dr. Oetker is founded in Bielefeld.^[1]
Robert Koch Institute is founded in Berlin.
International Electrotechnical Exhibition in Frankfurt am Main
The modern taximeter is invented by German Friedrich Wilhelm Gustav Bruhn.^[2]
The Fischer projection is devised by Hermann Emil Fischer.
August Thyssen and Joseph Thyssen found German steel company Thyssen.

Births

8 January – Walther Bothe, German physicist (died 1957)
22 January – Bruno Loerzer, German aviator and air force general (died 1960)
24 January – Walter Model, German field marshal (died 1945)
27 January – Wilhelm Morgner, German painter (died 1917)
31 January – Kurt von Plettenberg, German forester (died 1945)
14 February – Erich Engel, film and theatre director (died 1966)
15 February – Josef Wintrich, German judge (died 1958)
17 February – Abraham Fraenkel, Israeli mathematician and Zionist (died 1965)
3 March – Fritz Rumey, German World War I fighter ace (died 1918)
11 March – Gertrud Wolle, German film actress (died 1952)
12 March – Hermann Stenner, German painter (died 1914)
24 March – Rudolf Berthold, German fighter pilot (died 1920)
28 March – Peter Suhrkamp, German publisher (died 1959)
2 April – Max Ernst, German painter (died 1976)
10 May – Anton Dostler, German general (died 1945)
13 May – Fritz Rasp, German actor (died 1976)
13 May – Wilhelm Weskamm, German bishop of Roman Catholic Church (died 1956)
16 May – Adolf Ritter von Tutschek, German fighter ace (died 1918)
18 May – Rudolf Carnap, German philosopher (died 1970)
22 May – Johannes R. Becher, German politician, poet and novelist (died 1958)
21 June - Hermann Scherchen, German conductor (died 1966)
14 July – Fritz Kampers, German actor (died 1950)
14 July – Werner Rittberger, German figure skater (died 1975)
29 July – Bernhard Zondek, Israeli gynecologist, developer of first reliable pregnancy test (died 1966)
7 August – Johannes Joseph van der Velden, German bishop of Roman Catholic Church (died 1954)
4 September – Fritz Todt, German engineer (died 1942)
16 September – Karl Dönitz, German admiral who played a major role in the naval history of World War II (died 1980)
22 September – Hans Albers, German actor (died 1960)
9 October – Kurt von Tippelskirch, German general (died 1957)
22 October – Carl-Hans Graf von Hardenberg, German politician and landowner (died 1958)
25 October – Karl Elmendorff, German conductor (died 1962)
14 November – Josef Magnus Wehner, German poet and playwright (died 1973)
15 November – Erwin Rommel, German field marshal (died 1944)
16 November – Julius Leber, German politician (died 1945)
2 December – Otto Dix, German painter and forced Volkssturm conscript (died 1969)
6 December – Gotthard Sachsenberg, German World War I naval aviator and fighter ace (died 1961)
10 December – Nelly Sachs, German poet and playwright (died 1970)
17 December – Karl Emil Schäfer, German World War I fighter ace (died 1917)

Deaths

26 January – Nicolaus Otto, German engineer and inventor (born 1832)
27 February – Karl Eduard Heusner, German admiral (born 1843)
14 March – Ludwig Windthorst, German politician (born 1812)
24 April – Helmuth von Moltke the Elder, German field marshal, chief of staff of the Prussian Army for thirty years (born 1800)
22 May – Ernst Julius Hähnel, German sculptor (born 1811)
23 June – Wilhelm Eduard Weber, chemist (born 1804)
21 June – Paul Bronsart von Schellendorff, general (born 1832)
6 October – Charles I, King of Württemberg (born 1823)
14 December – Ferdinand von Roemer, German geologist (born 1818)
29 December – Leopold Kronecker, German mathematician (born 1823)

References

^ Freedman, Paul (2007). Food: The History of Taste. University of California Press. p. 242. ISBN 978-0-520-25476-3.
^ McArdle, Megan (2012-05-01). "Why You Can't Get a Taxi". The Atlantic. Retrieved 2015-10-02.

[1] Freedman, Paul (2007). Food: The History of Taste. University of California Press. p. 242. ISBN 978-0-520-25476-3.

[2] McArdle, Megan (2012-05-01). "Why You Can't Get a Taxi". The Atlantic. Retrieved 2015-10-02.

[1]

[2]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive -->
-{{unreferenced|date=April 2015}}
+{{pp-sock|small=yes}}
-{{Year in Germany|1891}}
+{{RefImprove|date=September 2023}}{{Year in Germany|1891}}
 Events in the year '''1891 in [[Germany]]'''.
@@ Line 12: / Line 13: @@
 ====Kingdoms====
-* [[King of Bavaria]] – [[Otto of Bavaria]]
+* [[King of Bavaria]] – [[Otto, King of Bavaria|Otto]]
-* [[List of rulers of Prussia|King of Prussia]] – Kaiser Wilhelm II
+* [[List of rulers of Prussia|King of Prussia]] – Wilhelm II
-* [[King of Saxony]] – [[Albert of Saxony]]
+* [[King of Saxony]] – [[Albert, King of Saxony|Albert]]
-* [[King of Württemberg]] – [[Charles I of Württemberg]] to 6 October, then [[William II of Württemberg]]
+* [[King of Württemberg]] – [[Charles I of Württemberg|Charles]] to 6 October, then [[William II of Württemberg|William II]]
 ====Grand Duchies====
@@ Line 51: / Line 52: @@
 * [[23 January|23]]–[[24 January]] – [[1891 European Figure Skating Championships]] in Hamburg
-===Date unknown===
+===Undated===
+* German company [[Dr. Oetker]] is founded in Bielefeld.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Freedman |first=Paul |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0tWMtRLaZOEC |title=Food: The History of Taste |date=2007 |publisher=University of California Press |isbn=978-0-520-25476-3 |pages=242 |language=en}}</ref>
-* German company [[Dr. Oetker]] is founded in Bielefeld.
 * [[Robert Koch Institute]] is founded in Berlin.
 * [[International Electrotechnical Exhibition]] in [[Frankfurt am Main]]
-* The modern [[taximeter]] is invented by German [[Friedrich Wilhelm Gustav Bruhn]].
+* The modern [[taximeter]] is invented by German [[Friedrich Wilhelm Gustav Bruhn]].<ref>{{cite magazine |last=McArdle |first=Megan |date=2012-05-01 |title=Why You Can't Get a Taxi |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2012/05/why-you-can-8217-t-get-a-taxi/8942/# |magazine=[[The Atlantic]] |accessdate=2015-10-02}}</ref>
 * The [[Fischer projection]] is devised by [[Hermann Emil Fischer]].
+* [[August Thyssen]] and [[Joseph Thyssen]] found German steel company [[Thyssen AG|Thyssen]].
 ==Births==
-{{Expand section|date=July 2011}}
 {{Div col|colwidth=30em}}
 * [[8 January]] – [[Walther Bothe]], German physicist (died [[1957 in Germany|1957]])
+* [[22 January]] – [[Bruno Loerzer]], German aviator and air force general (died [[1960 in Germany|1960]])
 * [[24 January]] – [[Walter Model]], German field marshal (died [[1945 in Germany|1945]])
 * [[27 January]] – [[Wilhelm Morgner]], German painter (died [[1917 in Germany|1917]])
-* [[31 January]] – [[Kurt von Plettenberg]], German forrester (died [[1945 in Germany|1945]])
+* [[31 January]] – [[Kurt von Plettenberg]], German forester (died [[1945 in Germany|1945]])
 * [[14 February]] – [[Erich Engel]], film and theatre director (died [[1966 in Germany|1966]])
 * [[15 February]] – [[Josef Wintrich]], German judge (died [[1958 in Germany|1958]])
 * [[17 February]] – [[Abraham Fraenkel]], [[Israel]]i mathematician and Zionist (died [[1965 in Israel|1965]])
+* [[3 March]] – [[Fritz Rumey]], German World War I fighter ace (died [[1918 in France|1918]])
 * [[11 March]] – [[Gertrud Wolle]], German film actress (died [[1952 in Germany|1952]])
 * [[12 March]] – [[Hermann Stenner]], German painter (died [[1914 in Poland|1914]])
+* [[24 March]] – [[Rudolf Berthold]], German fighter pilot (died [[1920 in Germany|1920]])
 * [[28 March]] – [[Peter Suhrkamp]], German publisher (died [[1959 in Germany|1959]])
 * [[2 April]] – [[Max Ernst]], German painter (died [[1976 in Germany|1976]])
+* [[10 May]] – [[Anton Dostler]], German general (died [[1945 in Germany|1945]])
 * [[13 May]] – [[Fritz Rasp]], German actor (died [[1976 in Germany|1976]])
-* [[13 May]] – [[Wilhelm Weskamm]], German bishop of Roman-Catholic Church (died [[1956 in Germany|1956]])
+* [[13 May]] – [[Wilhelm Weskamm]], German bishop of Roman Catholic Church (died [[1956 in Germany|1956]])
+* [[16 May]] – [[Adolf Ritter von Tutschek]], German fighter ace (died [[1918 in France|1918]])
+* [[18 May]] – [[Rudolf Carnap]], German philosopher (died [[1970 in the United States|1970]])
 * [[22 May]] – [[Johannes R. Becher]], German politician, poet and novelist (died [[1958 in Germany|1958]])
 * [[21 June]] - [[Hermann Scherchen]], German conductor (died [[1966 in Germany|1966]])
@@ Line 80: / Line 86: @@
 * [[14 July]] – [[Werner Rittberger]], German figure skater (died [[1975 in Germany|1975]])
 * [[29 July]] – [[Bernhard Zondek]], [[Israel]]i gynecologist, developer of first reliable pregnancy test (died [[1966 in Israel|1966]])
-* [[7 August]] – [[Johannes Joseph van der Velden]], German bishop of Roman-Catholic Church (died [[1954 in Germany|1954]])
+* [[7 August]] – [[Johannes Joseph van der Velden]], German bishop of Roman Catholic Church (died [[1954 in Germany|1954]])
 * [[4 September]] – [[Fritz Todt]], German engineer (died [[1942 in Germany|1942]])
-* [[16 September]] – [[Karl Dönitz]] , German admiral who played a major role in the naval history of World War II (died [[1980 in Germany|1980]])
+* [[16 September]] – [[Karl Dönitz]], German admiral who played a major role in the naval history of World War II (died [[1980 in Germany|1980]])
 * [[22 September]] – [[Hans Albers]], German actor (died [[1960 in Germany|1960]])
 * [[9 October]] – [[Kurt von Tippelskirch]], German general (died [[1957 in Germany|1957]])
@@ Line 88: / Line 94: @@
 * [[25 October]] – [[Karl Elmendorff]], German conductor (died [[1962 in Germany|1962]])
 * [[14 November]] – [[Josef Magnus Wehner]], German poet and playwright (died [[1973 in Germany|1973]])
-* [[15 November]] – [[Erwin Rommel]], German Field Marshal (died [[1944 in Germany|1944]])
+* [[15 November]] – [[Erwin Rommel]], German field marshal (died [[1944 in Germany|1944]])
 * [[16 November]] – [[Julius Leber]], German politician (died [[1945 in Germany|1945]])
 * [[2 December]] – [[Otto Dix]], German painter and forced [[Volkssturm]] conscript (died [[1969 in Germany|1969]])
+* [[6 December]] – [[Gotthard Sachsenberg]], German World War I naval aviator and fighter ace (died [[1961 in Germany|1961]])
 * [[10 December]] – [[Nelly Sachs]], German poet and playwright (died [[1970 in Sweden|1970]])
+* [[17 December]] – [[Karl Emil Schäfer]], German World War I fighter ace (died [[1917 in Belgium|1917]])
 {{div col end}}
@@ Line 97: / Line 105: @@
 {{Expand section|date=July 2011}}
 {{Div col|colwidth=30em}}
-* [[26 January]] – [[Nikolaus Otto]], German engineer and inventor (born [[1832 in Germany|1832]])
+* [[26 January]] – [[Nicolaus Otto]], German engineer and inventor (born [[1832 in Germany|1832]])
-* [[27 February]] - [[Karl Eduard Heusner]], German admiral (born [[1843 in Germany|1843]])
+* [[27 February]] – [[Karl Eduard Heusner]], German admiral (born [[1843 in Germany|1843]])
 * [[14 March]] – [[Ludwig Windthorst]], German politician (born [[1812 in Germany|1812]])
-* [[24 April]] – [[Helmuth von Moltke the Elder]], German Field Marshal, chief of staff of the Prussian Army for thirty years (born [[1800 in Germany|1800]])
+* [[24 April]] – [[Helmuth von Moltke the Elder]], German field marshal, chief of staff of the Prussian Army for thirty years (born [[1800 in Germany|1800]])
 * [[22 May]] – [[Ernst Julius Hähnel]], German sculptor (born [[1811 in Germany|1811]])
 * [[23 June]] – [[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]], chemist (born [[1804 in Germany|1804]])
-* [[23 June]] - [[Paul Bronsart von Schellendorff]], Prussian general (born [[1832 in Germany|1832]])
+* [[21 June]] – [[Paul Bronsart von Schellendorff]], general (born [[1832 in Germany|1832]])
-* [[21 June]] - [[Paul Bronsart von Schellendorff]], general (born [[1832 in Germany|1832]])
 * [[6 October]] – [[Charles I of Württemberg|Charles I]], [[King]] [[King of Württemberg|of Württemberg]] (born [[1823 in Germany|1823]])
 * [[14 December]] – [[Ferdinand von Roemer]], German geologist (born [[1818 in Germany|1818]])
@@ Line 116: / Line 123: @@
 {{Year in Europe|1891}}
-[[Category:1891 in Germany]]
+[[Category:1891 in Germany| ]]
 [[Category:Years of the 19th century in Germany]]
-[[Category:1891 by country]]
+[[Category:1891 by country|Germany]]
-[[Category:1891 in Europe]]
+[[Category:1891 in Europe|Germany]]

v t e Years in Germany (1871–present)
19th century	Pre-1871 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900
20th century	1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
21st century	2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025

v t e 1891 in Europe
Sovereign states	Andorra Austria-Hungary Baden Belgium Bulgaria Denmark France Germany Greece Italy Liechtenstein Luxembourg Monaco Montenegro Netherlands Norway Ottoman Empire Portugal Prussia Romania Russia San Marino Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom
Dependencies, colonies and other territories	Cyprus Gibraltar Guernsey Isle of Man Jersey Malta