G-14: Difference between revisions

G-14
Successor	ECA
Formation	1998–2008
Type	Sports organization

Browse history interactively

← Previous edit

Content deleted Content added

VisualWikitext

Inline

Latest revision as of 09:13, 16 September 2024

The G-14 was an organisation of European football clubs that existed between 1998 and 2008. It consisted of 14 European top class teams initially, later expanded to 18. It was disbanded in 2008 and was replaced by the European Club Association representing over 100 clubs, in a deal reached with UEFA and FIFA.^[1]

Composition

The G-14 clubs were spread across seven countries, and had won around 250 national league titles (although some of the member teams, Bayer Leverkusen for example, had actually never won top league title throughout their history). Three came from the top division of Italy; two from each of Spain, France, Germany, the Netherlands, and England; and one came from Portugal. G-14 members had won the European Cup/Champions League 41 times out of 51 seasons.

The 2004 Champions League final was the first in that competition since 1992 in which one of the finalists was not a G-14 member; the 2004 final featured member FC Porto and non-member AS Monaco, with Porto winning the final. There have been only four Champions League or European Cup finals where both teams were non-members of G-14 (1970, 1979, 1980, 2021).

History

The G-14 was founded on 14 October in 1998 by 14 leading clubs to provide a unified voice in negotiations with UEFA and FIFA. New members could join by invitation only.

Italian company Media Partners had planned a European breakaway league for the G-14 teams, forcing UEFA to expand the Champions League from 16 to 32 clubs for the 1999–2000 season.

In August 2002, four more clubs joined, taking the membership to 18, although the organisation retained its original name.

The idea of a breakaway league similar to the basketball ULEB Euroleague re-emerged in December 2003 when a group of Spanish businessmen, headed by entrepreneur Carlos Garcia Pardo, said that they are aiming to establish a 16-team competition called the "European Golden Cup" as a rival to UEFA Champions League.

During that time the G-14 group were reportedly unhappy that UEFA has opted to cut the second phase of the Champions League from the 2003–04 season: a move that reduced each club's number of potential European matches by four. As a result, G-14 were reported to be considering for a European superleague to begin in the season 2006–07, when the latest television deal for the Champions League would end.

As the leading clubs in European Football, their power on the world stage was best demonstrated during the 2006 FIFA World Cup, where they provided 22% of participating players.^{[citation needed]} This supported their assertion that national associations should pay players' wages whilst on international duty and provide compensation in the case of injuries. In April 2004, G-14 initiated a preliminary investigation into FIFA by the Swiss Competition Commission, when they complained of FIFA's requiring their players to be available for FIFA international competitions without compensating the clubs. FIFA president Sepp Blatter refused to negotiate with the G-14 on the matter.^{[citation needed]}

On 5 September 2005, the G-14 clubs decided to take FIFA to court over paying players for internationals after the Belgian club Charleroi lost Abdelmajid Oulmers in November for eight months when he was injured playing for Morocco.^{[citation needed]}

Prior to the 2006 World Cup, the G-14 members demanded a "fair percentage" of receipts from tournaments, such as the World Cup, to compensate for the clubs releasing players to compete in these tournaments.^[2]

The last president of the group was Olympique Lyonnais chairman Jean-Michel Aulas, who replaced David Dein, who stepped down after six months of a two-year presidency after leaving Arsenal. Aulas was elected president on 16 May 2007, after securing unanimous agreement from member clubs to the principle of expanding the G-14's membership. Aulas announced his intention to consider inviting a further 16 teams to join, stating that he wanted the G14 "to expand geographically and be strengthened by other clubs".^[3]^[4] In October 2007, 22 additional European clubs were invited to participate in talks towards expansion.^[5]

On 28 May 2007, at an extraordinary meeting of the UEFA Congress in Zürich, UEFA President Michel Platini called upon G-14 to disband, declaring that they were "elitist" and that club grievances could be aired through a new UEFA body, the Professional Football Strategy Council.^[6]

On 15 January 2008, the G-14 and UEFA came to an agreement. FIFA and UEFA would pay compensation for international injuries and selection after a World Cup or European Championship and, in return, the G-14 agreed to disband on 15 February 2008. However a new European Club Association, created in that year by a merge between the G-14 and the European Club Forum,^[7] a task force created by the confederation in 2002 and composed by 103 clubs from then 53 nations affiliated to UEFA^[7] (at least one team from each country), including all G-14 clubs, was set up in its place.^[8]

Members

Founding members, 1998

Real Madrid (Spain)
Barcelona (Spain)
Manchester United (England)
Liverpool (England)
Internazionale (Italy)
Juventus (Italy)
Milan (Italy)
Marseille (France)
Paris Saint-Germain (France)
Bayern Munich (Germany)
Borussia Dortmund (Germany)
Ajax (Netherlands)
PSV Eindhoven (Netherlands)
Porto (Portugal)

New members, 2002

Arsenal (England)
Bayer Leverkusen (Germany)
Lyon (France)
Valencia (Spain)

References

^ Bose, Mihir. "Cash windfall for clubs as G14 disbands". Retrieved 24 August 2014.
^ Nisbet, John (23 March 2006). "G14 clubs demand share of World Cup gate receipts". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 15 October 2007. Retrieved 24 May 2007.
^ Esplin, Ronnie (17 May 2007). "New G-14 boss may swell lobby group to 32". ESPNsoccernet. Archived from the original on 18 October 2007. Retrieved 24 May 2007.
^ "G14 looks set to expand". RTÉ Sport. 16 May 2007. Archived from the original on 15 October 2007. Retrieved 7 August 2007.
^ "Celts get G14 slot but Gers snubbed". Evening Times. 31 October 2007. Retrieved 31 October 2007.
^ "Platini calls for disbandment of 'Elitist' G14". ESPNsoccernet. 28 May 2007. Archived from the original on 31 May 2007. Retrieved 29 May 2007.
^ ^a ^b "The European Club Forum gives way to the European Club Association" (PDF). UEFA direct. No. 71. Nyon: Union des Associations Européennes de Football. February 2008. pp. 8–9.
^ "G14 to disband after compromise". BBC Sport. 15 January 2008. Retrieved 15 January 2008.

Sources

G-14 considering Super league (2003)

External links

Official website

[1] Bose, Mihir. "Cash windfall for clubs as G14 disbands". Retrieved 24 August 2014.

[2] Nisbet, John (23 March 2006). "G14 clubs demand share of World Cup gate receipts". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 15 October 2007. Retrieved 24 May 2007.

[3] Esplin, Ronnie (17 May 2007). "New G-14 boss may swell lobby group to 32". ESPNsoccernet. Archived from the original on 18 October 2007. Retrieved 24 May 2007.

[4] "G14 looks set to expand". RTÉ Sport. 16 May 2007. Archived from the original on 15 October 2007. Retrieved 7 August 2007.

[5] "Celts get G14 slot but Gers snubbed". Evening Times. 31 October 2007. Retrieved 31 October 2007.

[6] "Platini calls for disbandment of 'Elitist' G14". ESPNsoccernet. 28 May 2007. Archived from the original on 31 May 2007. Retrieved 29 May 2007.

[UEFADIRECT-7] "The European Club Forum gives way to the European Club Association" (PDF). UEFA direct. No. 71. Nyon: Union des Associations Européennes de Football. February 2008. pp. 8–9.

[8] "G14 to disband after compromise". BBC Sport. 15 January 2008. Retrieved 15 January 2008.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{short description|Defunct organisation of European football clubs}}
 {{Other uses}}
-{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2013}}
+{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2023}}
 {{update|date=November 2010}}
 {{Infobox organization
@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
 |type          = Sports organization
 |membership    =
-|formation     = 2000–2008
+|formation     = 1998–2008
 |successor     = [[European Club Association|ECA]]
-|affiliations  = [[UEFA]]
+|affiliations  =
 |headquarters  =
 |leader_title  = [[Chairman]]
@@ Line 18: / Line 18: @@
 |website       =
 }}
-The '''G-14''' was an organisation of [[Europe]]an [[association football|football]] clubs that existed between 2000 and 2008. It consisted of 14 European top class teams initially, later expanded to 18. It was disbanded in 2008 and was replaced by the [[European Club Association]] representing over 100 clubs, in a deal reached with [[UEFA]] and [[FIFA]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Bose |first=Mihir |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/legacy/thereporters/mihirbose/2008/01/cash_windfall_for_clubs_as_g14.html |title=Cash windfall for clubs as G14 disbands |accessdate=24 August 2014}}</ref>
+The '''G-14''' was an organisation of [[Europe]]an [[association football|football]] clubs that existed between 1998 and 2008. It consisted of 14 European top class teams initially, later expanded to 18. It was disbanded in 2008 and was replaced by the [[European Club Association]] representing over 100 clubs, in a deal reached with [[UEFA]] and [[FIFA]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Bose |first=Mihir |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/thereporters/mihirbose/2008/01/cash_windfall_for_clubs_as_g14.html |title=Cash windfall for clubs as G14 disbands |access-date=24 August 2014}}</ref>
 ==Composition==
 The G-14 clubs were spread across seven countries, and had won around 250 national league titles (although some of the member teams, Bayer Leverkusen for example, had actually never won top league title throughout their history). Three came from the [[Serie A|top division]] of [[Italy]]; two from each of Spain, France, Germany, the [[Netherlands]], and England; and one came from [[Portugal]]. G-14 members had won the [[UEFA Champions League|European Cup/Champions League]] 41 times out of 51 seasons.
-The [[2004 UEFA Champions League Final|2004 Champions League final]] was the first in that competition since [[1992 European Cup Final|1992]] in which one of the finalists was not a G-14 member; the 2004 final featured member [[F.C. Porto|FC Porto]] and non-member [[AS Monaco FC|AS Monaco]], with Porto winning the final. There have been only four Champions League or European Cup finals where both teams were non-members of G-14 ([[1970 European Cup Final|1970]], [[1979 European Cup Final|1979]], [[1980 European Cup Final|1980]]).
+The [[2004 UEFA Champions League Final|2004 Champions League final]] was the first in that competition since [[1992 European Cup Final|1992]] in which one of the finalists was not a G-14 member; the 2004 final featured member [[F.C. Porto|FC Porto]] and non-member [[AS Monaco FC|AS Monaco]], with Porto winning the final. There have been only four Champions League or European Cup finals where both teams were non-members of G-14 ([[1970 European Cup Final|1970]], [[1979 European Cup Final|1979]], [[1980 European Cup final|1980]], [[2021 UEFA Champions League final|2021]]).
 ==History==
-The G-14 was founded in September 2000 by 14 leading clubs to provide a unified voice in negotiations with [[UEFA]] and [[FIFA]]. New members could join by invitation only. In August 2002, four more clubs joined, taking the membership to 18, although the organisation retained its original name.
+The G-14 was founded on 14 October in 1998 by 14 leading clubs to provide a unified voice in negotiations with [[UEFA]] and [[FIFA]]. New members could join by invitation only.
+Italian company Media Partners had planned a European breakaway league for the G-14 teams, forcing [[UEFA]] to expand the [[UEFA Champions League|Champions League]] from 16 to 32 clubs for the 1999–2000 season.
+In August 2002, four more clubs joined, taking the membership to 18, although the organisation retained its original name.
+The idea of a breakaway league similar to the basketball [[ULEB Euroleague]] re-emerged in December 2003 when a group of Spanish businessmen, headed by entrepreneur Carlos Garcia Pardo, said that they are aiming to establish a 16-team competition called the "European Golden Cup" as a rival to [[UEFA Champions League]].
+During that time the G-14 group were reportedly unhappy that UEFA has opted to cut the second phase of the Champions League from the 2003–04 season: a move that reduced each club's number of potential European matches by four. As a result, G-14 were reported to be considering for a European superleague to begin in the season 2006–07, when the latest television deal for the Champions League would end.
 As the leading clubs in European Football, their power on the world stage was best demonstrated during the [[2006 FIFA World Cup]], where they provided 22% of participating players.{{Citation needed|date=January 2008}} This supported their assertion that national associations should pay players' wages whilst on international duty and provide compensation in the case of injuries. In April 2004, G-14 initiated a preliminary investigation into FIFA by the Swiss Competition Commission, when they complained of FIFA's requiring their players to be available for FIFA international competitions without compensating the clubs. FIFA president [[Sepp Blatter]] refused to negotiate with the G-14 on the matter.{{Citation needed|date=January 2008}}
@@ Line 32: / Line 40: @@
 On 5 September 2005, the G-14 clubs decided to take FIFA to court over paying players for internationals after the [[Belgium|Belgian]] club [[R. Charleroi S.C.|Charleroi]] lost [[Abdelmajid Oulmers]] in November for eight months when he was injured playing for [[Morocco national football team|Morocco]].{{Citation needed|date=January 2008}}
-Prior to the 2006 World Cup, the G-14 members demanded a "fair percentage" of receipts from tournaments, such as the World Cup, to compensate for the clubs releasing players to compete in these tournaments.<ref>{{cite news |last=Nisbet |first=John |url=http://sport.independent.co.uk/football/news/article353005.ece |title=G14 clubs demand share of World Cup gate receipts |work=The Independent |date=23 March 2006  |access-date=2007-05-24  |url-status=dead  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071015113711/http://sport.independent.co.uk/football/news/article353005.ece  |archive-date=15 October 2007 |df=dmy}}</ref>
+Prior to the 2006 World Cup, the G-14 members demanded a "fair percentage" of receipts from tournaments, such as the World Cup, to compensate for the clubs releasing players to compete in these tournaments.<ref>{{cite news |last=Nisbet |first=John |url=http://sport.independent.co.uk/football/news/article353005.ece |title=G14 clubs demand share of World Cup gate receipts |work=The Independent|location=London |date=23 March 2006  |access-date=2007-05-24  |url-status=dead  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071015113711/http://sport.independent.co.uk/football/news/article353005.ece  |archive-date=15 October 2007}}</ref>
-The last president of the group was [[Olympique Lyonnais]] chairman [[Jean-Michel Aulas]], who replaced [[David Dein]], who stepped down after six months of a two-year presidency after leaving [[Arsenal F.C.|Arsenal]]. Aulas was elected president on 16 May 2007, after securing unanimous agreement from member clubs to the principle of expanding the G-14's membership. Aulas announced his intention to consider inviting a further 16 teams to join, stating that he wanted the G14 "to expand geographically and be strengthened by other clubs".<ref>{{cite news |last=Esplin |first=Ronnie |url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story?id=430900&cc=3436 |title=New G-14 boss may swell lobby group to 32 |work=ESPNsoccernet |date=17 May 2007 |accessdate=2007-05-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.rte.ie/sport/soccer/2007/0516/g14.html |title=G14 looks set to expand |publisher=[[Raidió Teilifís Éireann|RTÉ Sport]] |date=16 May 2007 |access-date  = 2007-08-07 |url-status     = dead |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20071015104957/http://rte.ie/sport/soccer/2007/0516/g14.html |archive-date = 15 October 2007 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> In October 2007, 22 additional European clubs were invited to participate in talks towards expansion.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.eveningtimes.co.uk/sport/display.var.1798438.0.celts_get_g14_slot_but_gers_snubbed.php |title=Celts get G14 slot but Gers snubbed |work=Evening Times |date=31 October 2007 |accessdate=2007-10-31}}</ref>
+The last president of the group was [[Olympique Lyonnais]] chairman [[Jean-Michel Aulas]], who replaced [[David Dein]], who stepped down after six months of a two-year presidency after leaving [[Arsenal F.C.|Arsenal]]. Aulas was elected president on 16 May 2007, after securing unanimous agreement from member clubs to the principle of expanding the G-14's membership. Aulas announced his intention to consider inviting a further 16 teams to join, stating that he wanted the G14 "to expand geographically and be strengthened by other clubs".<ref>{{cite news |last=Esplin |first=Ronnie |url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story?id=430900&cc=3436 |title=New G-14 boss may swell lobby group to 32 |work=ESPNsoccernet |date=17 May 2007 |access-date=2007-05-24 |archive-date=18 October 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071018082811/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story?id=430900&cc=3436 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.rte.ie/sport/soccer/2007/0516/g14.html |title=G14 looks set to expand |publisher=[[RTÉ Sport]] |date=16 May 2007 |access-date  = 2007-08-07 |url-status     = dead |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20071015104957/http://rte.ie/sport/soccer/2007/0516/g14.html |archive-date = 15 October 2007}}</ref> In October 2007, 22 additional European clubs were invited to participate in talks towards expansion.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.eveningtimes.co.uk/sport/display.var.1798438.0.celts_get_g14_slot_but_gers_snubbed.php |title=Celts get G14 slot but Gers snubbed |work=Evening Times |date=31 October 2007 |access-date=2007-10-31}}</ref>
-On 28 May 2007, at an extraordinary meeting of the [[UEFA Congress]] in [[Zürich]], UEFA President [[Michel Platini]] called upon G-14 to disband, declaring that they were "elitist" and that club grievances could be aired through a new UEFA body, the Professional Football Strategy Council.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story?id=434567&cc=4716 |title=Platini calls for disbandment of 'Elitist' G14 |publisher=ESPNsoccernet |date=28 May 2007 |accessdate=2007-05-29}}</ref>
+On 28 May 2007, at an extraordinary meeting of the [[UEFA Congress]] in [[Zürich]], UEFA President [[Michel Platini]] called upon G-14 to disband, declaring that they were "elitist" and that club grievances could be aired through a new UEFA body, the Professional Football Strategy Council.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story?id=434567&cc=4716 |title=Platini calls for disbandment of 'Elitist' G14 |publisher=ESPNsoccernet |date=28 May 2007 |access-date=2007-05-29 |archive-date=31 May 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070531201416/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story?id=434567&cc=4716 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
-On 15 January 2008, the G-14 and UEFA came to an agreement. FIFA and UEFA would pay compensation for international injuries and selection after a World Cup or European Championship and, in return, the G-14 agreed to disband on 15 February 2008. However a new [[European Club Association]], which would later feature 103 teams from all 53 UEFA nations, with at least one team from each country, was set up in its place.<ref>{{cite news |title=G14 to disband after compromise |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/europe/7190186.stm |publisher=BBC Sport |date=15 January 2008 |accessdate=2008-01-15}}</ref>
+On 15 January 2008, the G-14 and UEFA came to an agreement. FIFA and UEFA would pay compensation for international injuries and selection after a World Cup or European Championship and, in return, the G-14 agreed to disband on 15 February 2008. However a new [[European Club Association]], created in that year by a merge between the G-14 and the European Club Forum,<ref name=UEFADIRECT>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.uefa.com/multimediafiles/download/publications/uefa/uefamedia/66/58/26/665826_download.pdf|title=The European Club Forum gives way to the European Club Association|magazine=UEFA direct|issue=71|publisher=Union des Associations Européennes de Football|location=Nyon|date=February 2008|pages=8–9}}</ref> a [[task force]] created by the confederation in 2002 and composed by 103 clubs from then 53 nations affiliated to UEFA<ref name=UEFADIRECT/> (at least one team from each country), including all G-14 clubs, was set up in its place.<ref>{{cite news |title=G14 to disband after compromise |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/europe/7190186.stm |publisher=BBC Sport |date=15 January 2008 |access-date=2008-01-15}}</ref>
 ==Members==
-;Founding members, 2000
+;Founding members, 1998
 *{{flagicon|ESP}} [[Real Madrid C.F.|Real Madrid]] (Spain)
 *{{flagicon|ESP}} [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]] (Spain)
@@ Line 47: / Line 55: @@
 *{{flagicon|ENG}} [[Liverpool F.C.|Liverpool]] (England)
 *{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Inter Milan|Internazionale]] (Italy)
-*{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Juventus F.C.|Juventus]] (Italy)
+*{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Juventus FC|Juventus]] (Italy)
 *{{flagicon|ITA}} [[A.C. Milan|Milan]] (Italy)
 *{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Olympique de Marseille|Marseille]] (France)
@@ Line 64: / Line 72: @@
 ==See also==
+* [[Proposals for a European Super League in association football]] – A project for a sole pan-European Football League in which G-14 has been involved
-*[[European Club Association]]
 ==References==
 {{More citations needed|date=May 2007}}
 {{Reflist}}
+==Sources ==
+*[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2003/feb/04/newsstory.sport17 G-14 considering Super league (2003)]
 ==External links==
@@ Line 78: / Line 89: @@
 [[Category:Association football organizations]]
 [[Category:International sports organizations]]
-[[Category:Sports organizations established in 2000]]
+[[Category:Sports organizations established in 1998]]
 [[Category:Organizations disestablished in 2008]]
 [[Category:Defunct association football governing bodies]]

v t e Former members of the G-14 (1998–2008)
1998–2008	Ajax Barcelona Bayern Munich Borussia Dortmund Inter Milan Juventus Liverpool Manchester United Marseille AC Milan Paris Saint-Germain Porto PSV Eindhoven Real Madrid
2002–2008	Arsenal Bayer Leverkusen Lyon Valencia