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{{AFC submission|d|essay|declinets=20130614143011|decliner=MatthewVanitas|ts=20130609065402|u=Ayepee99|ns=5}}
*{{afc comment|1=The topic is very much notable, we certainly should have an article about this boat. However, this draft is not at all written in the style of a Wikipedia article, but is written more like a magazine article. Phrases like "has been synonymous with adventure" and "The Cape had lived up to its reputation of being the “Cape of Storms”!" are simply not neutral, objective writing.

My suggestions:
* See the standardised ship guidelines at [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Ships/Guidelines]]
* Take a look at [[Wikipedia:WikiProject_Ships#Featured_articles]] and get a feel for how a very good ship article is written (and you can always ask for advice at [[Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Ships]])
* Carefully review your phrasing and language, and make sure every sentence is precise and concise, not "building a scene" or "adding emotion". An encyclopedia article is not an adventure tale, it's a simple and straightforward description of facts
* Make sure you have a proper [[WP:Lead section]]. As it is right now you have more than a paragraph before you ever mention the ship, while a Wiki article has to specifically mention the topic in the ''first few words'' of an article.

I'm declining the ''current'' draft, but with the above changes made this will be a very valuable addition to both our coverage of Indian military history and of sailing ships. [[User:MatthewVanitas|MatthewVanitas]] ([[User talk:MatthewVanitas|talk]]) 14:30, 14 June 2013 (UTC)}}
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'''''Trishna''''' is a [[yacht]] which was sailed around the world during the years 1985 to 1987 by the [[Indian Army Corps of Engineers|Corps of Engineers]] of the Indian Army]], a first of its kind achievement by any Indian crew.
<ref>http://en.academic.ru/dic.nsf/enwiki/218418</ref><ref name="telegraphindia">http://www.telegraphindia.com/1051029/asp/atleisure/story_5410344.asp</ref>
==Prelude==
The [[Indian Army Corps of Engineers]] has been synonymous with adventure since their very inception a few centuries ago. The nature of their tasks in the battlefield as well as that in peacetime, and a traditionally strong backing to encourage such activities from the highest levels within the Corps, further encourages this trait. The credit for encouraging a number of sports and adventure activities in the country goes to the [[Sappers]] – [[Mountaineering]], [[sailing]], [[gliding]] and [[hang gliding]] are some of the sports. They have always been in the forefront in activities like the [[Himalayan Car Rally]] and the [[Indian Antarctic Program]]. The activities are coordinated by the [[Sapper Adventure Foundation]], which was registered in 1979.

The Corps added another milestone to its record when the '''First Indian Sailing Expedition Around the World'''<ref name="sakaaltimes">http://www.sakaaltimes.com/NewsDetails.aspx?NewsId=5331756095609410105&SectionId=5351696313519115080&SectionName=State&NewsDate=20120111&NewsTitle=Trishna%20Magellans%20celebrate%20silver%20jubilee</ref> was launched on 28 Sept 1985 on ''Trishna'' from Mumbai by the Late [[Gen AS Vadiya]], then [[Chief of the Army Staff]]. It was a culmination of years of training and hard work by the team for a venture that is the cherished dream of every sailor – to sail around the world.

== The Team ==

The team consisted of ten members, with six on the boat at any one time, of which four were permanent crew. These were Maj (now Retd. as Lt Gen) KS Rao, SC, SM, the Skipper; Maj (now Retd) AK Singh, KC, SM; Capt (now Col) S Shekhar, SC and Capt (now Brig) C Bharti, SC. Capt (now Maj Gen) R Bassi, SM sailed from Mumbai to Trinidad; Maj (now Retd. as Brig) AP Singh, SM(Bar), VSM sailed from Mumbai to Panama<ref>http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/2001/06/02/stories/0702115p.htm</ref>; Lt (now Brig) N Ahuja, SM sailed from Trinidad to New Zealand; Col (now retd. as Brig) TPS Chowdhary, AVSM, the Team Manager, sailed from Panama to Sydney; Maj (now Retd as Lt Col) A Bhattacharya, SM and Maj (now Retd) SN Mathur, SM sailed from New Zealand and Sydney back to Mumbai respectively. All the team members were accomplished sailors who had participated in many National/International Regattas and ocean cruising ventures. Col TPS Chowdhury, Maj KS Rao, Maj AP Singh, Maj AK Singh, Capt S Shekhar, Capt C Bharti and Capt MS Pillai had earlier sailed ''Trishna'' from the [[Gosport]], UK to [[Mumbai]], India after its purchase there – the first occasion for any Indian to successfully make a truly trans-oceanic passage in a yacht.

Maj AK Singh, a permanent member of the Expedition, was handicapped. His leg was amputated above the knee, and is the first handicapped sailor in the World to circumnavigate the globe in a yacht<ref name="telegraphindia" />.

== Around the World ==

The sailing expedition commenced from Mumbai, India on 28 Sept 1985. Right from the time ''Trishna'' left harbour, she ran into the low pressure weather system of the receding monsoons. This was compounded by rough weather till [[Male]] and [[Mauritius]], on account of the disastrous Andhra Pradesh cyclone which formed in the [[Bay of Bengal]] at the same time. The boat was hit by gales several times on 29 – 30 Sept, 01 – 12 Oct and 13 – 14 Oct 1985 which damaged the VHF and HF radio aerials and electrical systems on board. The crew resorted to makeshift repairs at sea to restore the communication and the navigation systems.

The journey from [[Mauritius]] to [[St Helena]] ([[South Atlantic Ocean]]) around the [[Cape of Good Hope]] was very rough and the longest non-stop voyage, taking 33 days. On 05 – 06 Nov and 12 – 13 Nov 85, when the boat was south of [[Madagascar]] off the South African coast, the boat was hit by severe gales. Towering waves repeatedly hit the stern of the boat, making steering of the boat extremely dangerous due to chances of broaching and a capsize. On one occasion a monostrous wave broke over ''Trishna'' from the stern swamping her completely. In the ensuing struggle to regain control, the horseshoe buoy and Dan buoy were lost at sea. To ensure that the crew members on watch were not washed off the deck, they had to be secured to the boat with the help of safety harness and lifelines. The worst weather was encountered while rounding the dreaded [[Cape of Good Hope]], when ''Trishna'' was hit by gales with wind speeds exceeding 65 knots (120 kmph) – the wind instrument on board could record only up to 65 knots. Wave heights encountered were 45 to 55 feet – the height of our mast was 54 feet. She lost her safety equipment on board including the second horseshoe buoys despite their having been lashed securely. The radio set was damaged and the aerial broke. Communication with Mumbai and other ports was cut-off. The Cape had lived up to its reputation of being the “Cape of Storms”!

The sail across the [[South Atlantic Ocean]] thereafter was relatively peaceful till the [[Caribbean Sea]]. For a large part of this sail the wind was South-Easterly and hence from the stern. But this leg was not without its moments of anxiety. On one occasion all of a sudden the crew on duty spotted a whale lying on the surface of the water about 25 to 30 meters ahead of the boat. Since the boat was heading directly for it, there was panic stations on board and the spinnaker boom could be quickly removed and the yacht jibed around just in time avoid a collision. By the time the crew recovered from the maneuver and fetch their cameras, only the giant tail was visible lazily flapping for the last time before the whale disappeared underwater with water spouting from its nostrils.

It was only at [[St Helena]] that message of our having survived the crossing the Cape could be conveyed to anxious relatives and the Army Headquarters back in India. Since no repair facilities or spares were available at either [[St Helena]] or [[Ascension Island]], our next short halt, we had to make do the best within our own resources and ingenuity till we reached [[Brazil]]. The first port of call on the continent of South America was at the coastal town of [[Natal]]. The crew ushered in the New Year of 1986 here with their hosts, the [[Brazilian Navy]]. From there, the sail was along the coast and then up the [[Para River]] in [[Brazil]], to the port of [[Belem]]. ''Trishna'' had to sail upstream on this tributary of the mighty [[Amazon River]] for 70 nautical miles against a strong current, keeping an eye for huge logs which floated down the river. This was a dangerous exercise, especially at night.

The next halt was at the port of [[Paramaribo]], [[Suriname]]. The country has a large population of Indian origin and one heard [[Hindi]] programs on the local radio station. A short hop then to [[Georgetown]], [[Guyana]]. The crew again received a enthusiastic reception from the large Indian-origin population. The Guyana Defence Force arranged a visit to the world-famous [[Kaieteur Falls]] during the short stay. ''Trishna'' then proceeded to the [[Caribbean]] Sea with the first halt at [[Port of Spain]], Republic of [[Trinidad and Tobago]] for the first crew change of the voyage. Capt R Bassi left the boat here and was replaced by Lt Navin Ahuja. The boat then sailed to [[Bridgetown]], [[Barbados]] and to [[Kingstown]], [[Jamaica]]. The boat encountered occasional rough weather in the Caribbean Sea with winds in excess of 30 knots. The crossing of the [[Panama Canal]], through its numerous locks in the company of huge ships, was a novel experience for the crew. The canal history also revealed that it had been dug mostly using Indian laborers.

At [[Panama City]], the boat was taken out of the water and overhauled at the local US Naval Base. Minor repairs were carried out, barnacles removed and the hull was given a fresh coat of anti-fouling paint. The voyage in the northern [[Pacific Ocean]] was relatively calm. With good winds ''Trishna'' sailed the 3,200 nautical miles – from [[Galapagos]] to [[Marquesas Islands]] non-stop in 23 days. This was her fastest passage so far. [[Galapagos]] is amongst the most beautiful islands in the world with a plethora of sea and animal life. The crew saw many sea-lions, marine and land iguanas, whale, small penguins, giant tortoises, blue and red-footed boobies, pink flamingos, frigates, pelicans and birds of different species.

''Trishna'' encountered rough weather again from [[Tahiti]] onwards and was hit by gales till it reached [[Raratonga]] and then beyond to [[Suva]], [[Fiji]]. The weather remained adverse on the leg from [[Fiji]] to [[Auckland]] with winds blowing over 60 knots (100 k mph) with 30 to 40 foot waves. During this stormy leg, both the main and jib sails were ripped apart. The spare sails that were hoisted were also ripped apart by the strong winds. The crew had to resort to hand stitching the sails on two occasions to enable them to reach [[Auckland]]. Winter had already set in the Southern Hemisphere by this time and the sail was extremely punishing for the crew in the wet and cold conditions, with big waves continuously breaking over the boat.

''Trishna'' again had a perilous encounter with some whales between [[Raratonga]] and [[Fiji]]. On three occasions whales came within 10 to 15 meters of the yacht, dived underneath and swam around flipping their huge tails.

One of the worst journeys of the voyage was the passage from [[Auckland]] to [[Sydney]] across the [[Tasman Sea]]. This crossing in winter has a reputation rivaling that of the [[Bay of Biscay]] and the [[Cape of Good Hope]]. This leg was sailed from 03 to 17 Aug 1986 – in peak southern winter. ''Trishna'' was hit by a gale for five days continuously, with winds over 60 knots and 40 foot waves. The sails got ripped off again and for the first time in the whole expedition the ‘hove-to’ drill was carried out to save the boat from major damage. No progress was made for two days till the time the storm was weathered. The same storm meanwhile struck [[Sydney]], causing the worst inundation of the city in the century. The crew were fully exhausted by the time the boat limped into [[Sydney]] harbour.

The leg from [[Sydney]] to [[Brisbane]] also encountered rough weather, as was expected in winter. Winds up to 50 knots raged during this leg. Bad weather continued from [[Brisbane]] to [[Cairns]] and then to [[Thursday Island]] making these legs also very difficult – though spectacular – owing to the sail along the [[Great Barrier Reef]]. Navigation was critical while sailing through numerous reefs in the area and on one occasion the boat ran aground on a moving sandbar. Luckily there was no damage and the crew had to wait till the next high tide to sail off. This was the only such incident during the whole voyage. The sail through [[Torres Straits]] again caused some anxious moments. At places the Strait is only about a mile wide and was a challenge navigating through this narrow passage. From [[Thursday Island]] to [[Darwin]] was a pleasant sail and the crew finally got some respite from adverse weather conditions. This gave the crew opportunity to catch fish and work on the communications to re-establish radio communications with India on the radio through the [[HAM]] network.
''Trishna'' left [[Darwin]] in North Australia on 13 Oct 1986 for [[Kupang]] in [[Timor]]. The weather was bad for the initial three days the weather, thereafter it was a calm sail and the crew could enjoy observing sea life. From [[Kupang]] the boat sailed to [[Waingapu]] in [[Sumba]], and then to [[Bali]]. En-route the crew got their largest catch of a eight-kilogram [[Tuna]] fish. Good ‘following’ winds helped ''Trishna'' reach [[Bali]] on 22 Oct. [[Bali]] has many [[Hindu temples]], with dances being enacted based on the [[Ramayana]] and [[Mahabharata]]. The boat had arrived at the appropriate time and the crew celebrated one of the main [[Hindu]] festivals [[Diwali]], the festival of lights, with the locals. The atmosphere was nostalgic as this was the third Diwali away from home – and the country!

The yacht set sail from [[Bali]] on 02 Nov 1986, reaching [[Jakarta]] on 09 Nov, and then via [[Singapore]], [[Penang]], the ''Trishna'' made it's first landfall on Indian shores at [[Campbell Bay]], [[Nicobar]] in Dec 1986. It was a momentous occasion and was celebrated with gusto with the whole crew being present on the occasion. To add to the celebrations, the Maj KS Rao, the Skipper, received his long delayed promotion to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel here.

The home run via [[Colombo]] was uneventful, except for a scare given by Capt Bharti when ''Trishna'' was off the [[Malabar]] coast. He had been running high fever of over 105 degrees for a few days. All the ‘medical’ knowledge on board was unable to lessen the temperature, even despite expert medical advice on the radio. Finally he had to be treated by a Naval ship which was called in. He had apparently caught malaria at Nicobar. ''Trishna'' received a rousing welcome at the [[Gateway of India]], [[Mumbai]] on her arrival there on 10 Jan 1987 where she was received by [[General K Sundarji]], The Chief of the Army Staff. A commemorative postage stamp was also released by [[India Post]] on the occasion<ref>http://www.indianpost.com/viewstamp.php/Alpha/Y/YACHT%20TRISHNA%20AND%20ROUTE%20MAP</ref>.

== Flora and Fauna ==

Sea-life was observed in plenty during the voyage. One of the prettiest sights at sea was the flocks of [[dolphins]] and [[porpoises]] following the boat for hours, and giving their display of acrobatics in water and out of it. On occasions it appeared that the whole sea was covered with them till the horizon.

[[Flying-fish]] were also observed in their hundreds, skimming over the surface of the water. At night they were attracted to the yacht by its lights. This resulted in their landing on deck and hitting the duty crew on occasions. They made delicious dishes.

The Expedition was a experience of a lifetime. There were many joyous as well as anxious and dangerous moments when the crews were close to the jaws of death. One of the major factors responsible in their being able to overcome these hazardous moments was the discipline and determination instilled within them by virtue of their training and Service background. The various sea and land life were sheer wonder; as also was their meeting with many different people across the world. It would be a mistake to underestimate the contribution of the sacrifices made by the family members of the crew during their long absences in such unpredictable circumstances, without any news till the next port. Success in such a venture cannot be achieved without this support.

Ten officers of the [[Indian Army Corps of Engineers]] in a sailboat girdled the globe – 30,000 nautical miles – in less than 16 months creating Indian maritime history<ref name="telegraphindia" />. They are the first Indians to circumnavigate the globe in a yacht. No words can describe the hazards faced by the intrepid sailors on board the ''Trishna'', so that they may fulfill the ‘thirst’ – which is the [[Sanskrit]] meaning of ''Trishna'' – of sailing around the world.



'''''Trishna''''' is a [[Swan 37]] [[yacht]] belonging to the [[Indian Army Corps of Engineers|Corps of Engineers]] of the [[Indian Army]]. The name ''Trishna'' means “to thirst for” in the Sanskrit language.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-01-10|title=An Epic Circumnavigation by Sail Comes to an End|url=https://transportationhistory.org/2019/01/10/an-epic-circumnavigation-by-sail-comes-to-an-end/|access-date=2021-01-12|website=Transportation History|language=en}}</ref> The 1970-vintage boat, earlier known as ''Guinevere of Sussex'', was purchased in 1984 from the United Kingdom. The yacht has since been used for long distance ocean sailing and training. The first of the yachts' journeys after it was acquired was its voyage from [[Gosport]] to [[Mumbai]], India. Subsequently, the yacht embarked on its most notable voyage, the [[circumnavigation]] of the globe from 1985 to 1987. This was the first such achievement by an Indian crew.<ref name="telegraphindia">{{cite web|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1051029/asp/atleisure/story_5410344.asp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060603103427/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1051029/asp/atleisure/story_5410344.asp|url-status=dead|archive-date=June 3, 2006|title=An epic voyage|author=Banerjee-Bey, Yana|work=The Telegraph|date=29 October 2005}}</ref> In subsequent years, the yacht has been used for international cruises primarily in the Indian Ocean region . The Yacht currently is decommissioned and is displayed as an exhibit at the [[College of Military Engineering, Pune]] Museum.
<blockquote>''The sea is a great mistress; she is really a magnificent lady of great stature. But as I have found out, you must treat her with enormous respect; for, she is incline, if you do not do so, to suddenly smack you with a back-hander – if ever you get too familiar with her – which can be quite disastrous.''
''You must now be crossing the Pacific, and that would be your greatest hurdle, for that ocean can be imperious and very unrelenting. It is quite an uncharitable bit of water but I am quite sure, the whole world will be watching you and praying for you, and so you must come through.''</blockquote>


==Background==
:::Admiral [[RL Pereira]]
The [[Indian Army Corps of Engineers|Indian Army Engineers]] have been in the forefront of adventure activities in the Country, whether on land, sea or air. They have been the pioneers in Ocean Cruising in India.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmTempSimple.aspx?MnId=z5nm1CMRAJjQxAEMzETrpQ==&ParentID=MM5cIt9VfvKPe3mnZ4iKrA== |title=Corps of Engineers - Adventure Activities |work=Official website of the Indian Army }}</ref>
:::Former Chief of the Naval Staff in a letter to a crew member, from Bangalore; dated 18 March 1986


The '''Sapper Adventure Foundation''' had sponsored a sailing expedition from [[Bombay]] to [[Bandar Abbas]], Iran in 1977<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/TehranJournal01Dec1977/Tehran%20Journal_01%20Dec%201977#page/n0/mode/2up |title=35 days in an open boat |date=1 December 1977 |work=Tehran Journal |location=Tehran}}</ref> in an 20-foot 1909-vintage wooden [[Seabird Half Rater|Seabird]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bombaysailing.com/seabirds.htm |title=Bombay Sailing Association |publisher=Bombaysailing.com |access-date=2013-08-24}}</ref> Class sailboat '''Albatross''' to test the sailing capabilities of the sailors of the [[Indian Army Corps of Engineers|Corps of Engineers]] and a precursor to the circumnavigation of the globe by the [[Sappers]] on ''Trishna''. The 68-day 7,000&nbsp;km voyage to [[Bandar Abbas]] was one of the early major ventures by the Corps.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://salute.co.in/albatross-the-seabird-that-conquered-the-seas |title=Albatross – The Seabird which Conquered the Seas |date=16 March 2021 |work=Salute |location=New Delhi}}</ref>
== Honours and Awards ==
''Trishna'' was given the singular honour of thereafter being transported to [[New Delhi]] and displayed on a tableau as pert of the [[Republic Day Parade]], 1987 along the Raj Path<ref name="telegraphindia" />. This in itself was a herculean effort as the boat had reached Mumbai on 10 Jan 1987 itself and to participate in the [[Republic Day Parade]] on 26th, the boat had to be transported to New Delhi, the tableau to be fabricated to the exacting standards of the Ministry of Defence and cleared by their internal committee well before the rehearsals commenced. It seemed a impossible task, but with the concerted efforts of all those involved, the [[Indian Railways]] provided the carriage, [[Naval Dockyard]] Mumbai fabricated the boat stand on the railway carriage overnight and then again the Railways moved it at express speed, literally, to New Delhi. The [[Bengal Engineer Group]] Roorkee sent their team and achieved the impossible of fabricating the float at [[Vijay Chowk]] itself since the boat with its 54 ft high mast could not be transported anywhere else in the capital.


==Purchase of boat and sail from Gosport, England to Bombay, India==
The crew of ''Trishna'' was also honoured with the '''Order of Merit''' by the [[Ocean Cruising Club]] which recognised the voyage as the first circumnavigation by an Indian yacht<ref>http://www.oceancruisingclub.org/index.php/publications/occ-first-50-years/1758-</ref> (''at Ser. 182'')
<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/PatriotNewDelhi21Feb1985/Patriot%20New%20Delhi_21%20Feb%201985#page/n0/mode/1up |title='Sappers' cruise round-the-world |date=21 February 1985 |work=The Patriot |location=New Delhi}}</ref>
The planning for the circumnavigation commenced in early 1980s and finally took off in 1984 when a team of officers from the Corps of Engineers flew to the U.K. to buy a boat and sail it back to India. Limited funds dictated the Sapper Adventure Foundation to opt for the purchase of a second-hand sailboat for the venture. After an extensive survey of the second-hand boat market in the U.K., the 1970-vintage '''[[Nautor's Swan|Swan]] 37''' boat ''Guinevere of Sussex'' was shortlisted, which was based at [[Brighton]].<ref name="Sappersto1985">{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/MaharashtraHerald07Feb1985/Maharashtra%20Herald_07%20Feb%201985#page/n0/mode/2up |title=Sappers to go on World cruise |date=7 February 1985 |work=Maharashtra Herald |location=Bombay}}</ref> After purchase of the yacht, it was sailed by the crew to the Joint Services Sailing Center, [[Gosport]], U.K., now known as the Joint Services Adventure Sail Training Center,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/JSASTC/ |title=JSASTC|website=[[Facebook]] }}</ref> where it underwent minor repairs and partial essential re-fit to make it sail-worthy for the voyage back to India. The crew also underwent sail training, which was organised under the aegis of the [[Royal Engineers]]<nowiki>. Major Ron Gravels, ex-Royal Engineers, was engaged and he undertook a month-long sail training program for the crew on the Solent, English Channel crossings to Cherbourg culminating in a sail to the ports of </nowiki>[[Guernsey]] and [[Alderney]] in the [[Channel Islands]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/IndiaWeeklyLondon11Oct1984/India%20Weekly%20London_11%20Oct%201984#page/n0/mode/1up |title=Indian Army team sails around the World |date=11 October 1984 |work=India Weekly |location=London}}</ref>
[[File:Trishna - The First Indian Circumnavigation 23.jpg|thumb|Trishna entering [[Gibraltar]] harbour]]
''Trishna'' set off on her first long distance voyage from the Joint Services Sailing Center, [[Gosport]], U.K. on 12 October 1984. With the onset of winter, the crew had a rough passage, especially in the [[Bay of Biscay]], [[Mediterranean Sea]] and the [[Red Sea]]. With halts at [[Alderney]] (14 October), [[A Coruña]] (20 October), [[Lisbon]] (26 October), [[Gibraltar]] (1 November), [[Ibiza]] (7 November), [[Malta]] (17 November), [[Iraklion]] (24 November), [[Port Said]] (1 December) through the [[Suez Canal]] to [[Port Suez]] (7 December),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/TheEgyptianGazetteCairo20Dec84 |title=The Egyptian Gazette 20 Dec 1984 |publisher=The Egyptian Gazette |date=1984-12-07}}</ref> [[Port Sudan]] (15 December), [[Aden]] (30 December), [[Salalah]] (10 January 1985), [[Muscat, Oman]] (19 January) and [[Bombay]] (1 February 1985).<ref>{{cite news |url=https://archive.org/details/Blitz09Feb85
|title=Unique sailing experience |date=9 February 1985 |work=Blitz |location=Bombay }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://archive.org/details/EveningNewsDelhi15Feb85 |title=A big yachting adventure |date=15 February 1985 |work=Evening News |location=New Delhi }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://archive.org/details/FreePressJournalBombay02Feb85 |title=Rousing reception to yacht Trishna |date=2 February 1985 |work=Free Press Journal |location=Bombay }}</ref>


===Team===
Celebrated author, [[Dom Moraes]] volunteered to write an account of the historic voyage and the book named '''''Trishna''''' was published by Perennial Press Mumbai in 1987<ref>{{Cite journal | url = http://books.google.com/?id=svpWAAAAMAAJ | title = Trishna | author1 = Moraes | first1 = Dom | year = 1987}}</ref>.
The team to sail the boat back from [[Gosport]], [[United Kingdom]] to [[Bombay]], [[India]] consisted of the following members:<ref name="Sappersto1985" />


* Maj K. S. Rao, SC, SM, - '''Skipper'''
The Government acknowledged the singular achievement by declaring awards to the whole crew on [[Republic Day]], 1987<ref>http://mod.nic.in/samachar/nov1-03/html/ch5.htm</ref>.
* Maj Amreshwar Pratap Singh, SM (Bar), VSM
* Maj A. K. Singh, KC, SM
* Capt Sanjeev Shekhar, SC
* Capt Chandrahas Bharti, SC
* Col T. P. S. Chowdhary, AVSM, '''Team Manager''' - sailed from [[Gosport]] to [[Port Said]]
* Capt M.S. Pillai, SM - sailed from [[Port Said]] to [[Mumbai]]


Maj A. K. Singh was handicapped. His leg had been amputated above the knee after a hang gliding accident in 1981.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/SunMumbaiMar1985/Sun%20Mumbai_Mar%201985#page/n0/mode/1up |title=On a global feat |date=March 1985 |work=The Sun |location=Bombay}}</ref>
Maj AK Singh became the first disabled sailor to circumnavigate the world in a sail boat and this was recorded in the Limca Book of Records<ref>http://www.prideofindia.net/world.html</ref>(under topic: ''WR: First Circumnavigation By Disabled Sailor'')


==Voyages by Trishna==
== Voyages by Trishna<ref>http://cdapdmeerut.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmTemp4P11C.aspx?MnId=EuPReO4qzsiwUkSXSm8rDw ==
{{see also|First Indian circumnavigation}}
* [[Gosport]]-[[Alderney]]-[[A Coruña]]-[[Lisbon]]-[[Gibraltar]]-[[Ibiza]]-[[Malta]]-[[Crete]]-[[Port Said]]-[[Suez Canal]]-[[Port Suez]]-[[Port Sudan]]-[[Aden]]-[[Salalah]]-[[Muscat, Oman|Muscat]]-[[Bombay]] in September 1984 to February 1985<ref name="The Call of the Sea">{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/DelhiRecorderMar1985/Delhi%20Recorder_Mar%201985#page/n1/mode/2up |title=The Call of the Sea |work=Delhi Recorder |page=43 |date=Mar 1985}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/sport/story/19850415-indian-army-corps-of-engineers-sailors-gear-up-to-sail-around-the-world-769971-2013-12-05|title=Indian Army Engineers gear up to sail around the World|date=15 April 1985 |work=India Today |location=Mumbai}}</ref>
* [[Mumbai]]-[[Lakshwadeep]]-[[Goa]]-[[Mumbai]] in April 1985<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/TOIMumbai19Apr1985/TOI%20Mumbai_19%20Apr%201985#page/n0/mode/1up |title="Trishna" is back |date=23 April 1985 |work=The Daily |location=Bombay}}</ref><ref name="The Call of the Sea"/>
* [[First Indian circumnavigation|Around the World Sailing Expedition]]: [[Bombay]]-[[Male]]-[[Mauritius]]-[[St Helena]]-[[Ascension Island]]-[[Natal, Rio Grande do Norte|Natal]]-[[Belém]]-[[Suriname]]-[[Guyana]]-[[Trinidad]]-[[Barbados]]-[[Jamaica]]-[[Colón, Panama|Colón]]-[[Panama Canal]]-[[Panama City]]-[[Galapagos]]-[[Tahiti]]-[[Suva]], [[Fiji]]-[[Auckland]]-[[Sydney]]-[[Darwin, Northern Territory|Darwin]]-[[Bali]]-[[Jakarta]]-[[Campbell Bay (Great Nicobar)|Campbell Bay]]-[[Colombo]]-[[Bombay]]
* Goodwill Sailing Expedition:<ref name="The Times of India">{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/TimesOfIndia20Oct1994/Times%20of%20India_20%20Oct%201994#page/n0/mode/1up |title="Trishna" to sail on Goodwill Mission |date=20 October 1994 |work=The Times of India |location=Mumbai}}</ref>[[Mumbai]]-[[Kochi]]-[[Galle]]-[[Campbell Bay (Great Nicobar)|Campbell Bay]]-[[Penang]]-[[Singapore]]-[[Port Kelang]]-[[Phuket (city)|Phuket]]-[[Port Blair]]-[[Goa]]-[[Mumbai]] in 1994-1995
* [[Mumbai]]-[[Dubai]]-[[Muscat, Oman|Muscat]]-[[Seychelles]]-[[Maldives]]-[[Sri Lanka]]-[[Kochi]]-[[Mumbai]] in 1996-1997<ref name="inmarsat.vsnl">{{cite web|url=http://inmarsat.vsnl.com/Indian_army.htm |title=Trishna millennium expedition – VSNL sponsors sailing expedition |publisher=Inmarsat.vsnl.com |access-date=23 February 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/your-week/story/19961031-indian-army-engineers-corps-sail-all-around-world-in-just-two-years-834021-1996-10-31#ssologin=1#source=magazine |first=Nandita |last=Chowdhury |title=Indian Army Engineers Corps sail all around World in just two years |publisher=India Today, Mumbai |date=31 October 1996}}</ref>
* Millennium Sailing Expedition: [[Mumbai]]-[[Kochi]]-[[Galle]]-[[Campbell Bay (Great Nicobar)|Campbell Bay]]-[[Penang]]-[[Singapore]]-[[Port Kelang]]-[[Phuket (city)|Phuket]]-[[Port Blair]]-[[Goa]]-[[Mumbai]] in 1999-2000<ref name="inmarsat.vsnl" /><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/000312/plus2.html |first=Laila |last=Nasry |title=Breaking waves in little yacht |publisher=The Sunday Times, Colombo |date=12 March 2000}}</ref>
* [[Mumbai]]-[[Male]]-[[Colombo]]-[[Mumbai]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ash.marinebiztv.com/?tag=sappers-adventure-foundation |title=Sappers Adventure Foundation |publisher=Ash.marinebiztv.com |access-date=2013-08-24}}</ref> in 2010.


'''Note:''' The Goodwill Sailing Expedition 1994-1995 was the first occasion when a lady member, 2/Lt. Deepanita Dass, was included as a crew member in any Indian sailing expedition.<ref name="The Times of India"/>
&ParentID=rO2mkrbTvH+p6yhsd0cQFw


==Silver Jubilee Anniversary==
== </ref> ==
The [[Indian Army Corps of Engineers]] celebrated the silver jubilee of the historic completion of the ''[[First Indian circumnavigation]]'' on 10 January 2012 by again sailing ''Trishna'' across Mumbai harbour to the Naval Sailing Club, [[Colaba]], [[Mumbai]], the place from where she had set off on its journey in 1985.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://zeenews.india.com/news/maharashtra/army-men-relive-historic-moment_751935.html |title=Army men relive historic moment |publisher=Zeenews.india.com |access-date=2013-08-24}}</ref>


== Gallery: Gosport-Bombay 1984-1985 ==
* [[Gosport]], U.K. to [[Mumbai]] in Sept 1984 to Feb 1985
<gallery>
* [[Mumbai]]-[[Kochi]]-[[Galle]]-[[Campbell Bay]] ([[Nicobar Islands]])-[[Penang]]-[[Singapore]]-[[Port Kelang]]-[[Phuket]]-[[Port Blair]]-[[Goa]]-[[Mumbai]] in 1994-1995
File:Trishna - The First Indian Circumnavigation 13.jpg|Puja on board after taking possession of Trishna at [[Brighton Marina]]
* [[Mumbai]]-[[Dubai]]-[[Muscat]]-[[Seychelles]]-[[Maldives]]-[[Sri Lanka]]-[[Kochi]]-[[Mumbai]] in 1996-1997
File:Trishna - The First Indian Circumnavigation 31.jpg|The team at the Joint Services Sailing Center, [[Gosport]] with Maj Gen HK 'Harry' Kapoor, Maj Gen Neil Carter, RE and Maj Ron Gravels
* Millennium Expedition: [[Mumbai]]-[[Kochi]]-[[Galle]]-[[Campbell Bay]] ([[Nicobar Islands]])-[[Penang]]-[[Singapore]]-[[Port Kelang]]-[[Phuket]]-[[Port Blair]]-[[Goa]]-[[Mumbai]] in 1999-2000<ref>http://inmarsat.vsnl.com/Indian_army.htm</ref>
File:Trishna - The First Indian Circumnavigation 27.jpg|A training sail along the [[Solent]]
File:Trishna - The First Indian Circumnavigation 29.jpg|Working on the boat at the Joint Services Sailing Center, [[Gosport]]
File:Trishna - The First Indian Circumnavigation 33.jpg|Invoking the Sea Gods for a safe voyage before sail off from [[Gosport]]
File:Trishna - The First Indian Circumnavigation 44.jpg|Boat maintenance at [[La Corona]] after battling storms during the [[Bay of Biscay]] crossing
File:Trishna - The First Indian Circumnavigation 45.jpg|A relaxing moment with the [[Portuguese Army Commandos]] at [[Lisboa]]
File:Trishna - The First Indian Circumnavigation 46.jpg|Sailing out of [[Lisboa]]
File:Trishna - The First Indian Circumnavigation 25.jpg|Crew at the [[Royal Navy]] base at [[Gibraltar]]
File:Trishna - The First Indian Circumnavigation 48.jpg|Battling the seas during storms in the [[Red Sea]]


File:Trishna - The First Indian Circumnavigation 50.jpg|Cleaning up during Mother's Watch routine
== Celebrating the Silver Jubilee Anniversary ==
File:Trishna - The First Indian Circumnavigation 05.jpg|A calm moment in the [[Arabian Sea]]
</gallery>


==Gallery: Goodwill Sailing Expedition 1994-1995==
The [[Indian Army Corps of Engineers]] celebrated the silver jubilee of the historic event of the successful completion of the '''First Indian Sailing Expedition Around the World''' on 10 Jan 2012 by again sailing ''Trishna'' across Mumbai harbour to the Naval Sailing Club, [[Colaba]], [[Mumbai]], the place from where she had set off its epic voyage in 1985<ref name="sakaaltimes" /><ref>http://zeenews.india.com/news/maharashtra/army-men-relive-historic-moment_751935.html</ref>.


{{Empty section|date=January 2021}}
== References ==


==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}


[[Category:Ships of India]]
*
[[Category:Individual sailing vessels]]
*
[[Category:Sailing yachts built in Finland]]
*
[[Category:Sailboat type designs by Olin Stephens]]
*
[[Category:Sailboat type designs by Sparkman and Stephens]]
[[Category:1970s sailboat type designs]]
[[Category:Sailboat types built by Nautor Swan]]

Latest revision as of 10:05, 16 September 2024

A single-masted yacht under sail, with crew on deck and waving.
Yacht Trishna begins its epic circumnavigation.
History
India
NameTrishna
OwnerSapper Adventure Foundation
OperatorIndian Army Corps of Engineers
Port of registryMumbai, India
BuilderNautor's Swan
Launched1970
ChristenedGuinevere of Sussex
Acquired1984
RenamedTrishna
HomeportMumbai
IdentificationBOM 109
General characteristics
Class and typeSwan 37
TypeYacht
Tonnage10.5 tonnes
Length36 ft 6 in
Beam10 ft 9 in
Draught6 ft 1 in
Sail planSloop
Crew6

Trishna is a Swan 37 yacht belonging to the Corps of Engineers of the Indian Army. The name Trishna means “to thirst for” in the Sanskrit language.[1] The 1970-vintage boat, earlier known as Guinevere of Sussex, was purchased in 1984 from the United Kingdom. The yacht has since been used for long distance ocean sailing and training. The first of the yachts' journeys after it was acquired was its voyage from Gosport to Mumbai, India. Subsequently, the yacht embarked on its most notable voyage, the circumnavigation of the globe from 1985 to 1987. This was the first such achievement by an Indian crew.[2] In subsequent years, the yacht has been used for international cruises primarily in the Indian Ocean region . The Yacht currently is decommissioned and is displayed as an exhibit at the College of Military Engineering, Pune Museum.

Background

[edit]

The Indian Army Engineers have been in the forefront of adventure activities in the Country, whether on land, sea or air. They have been the pioneers in Ocean Cruising in India.[3]

The Sapper Adventure Foundation had sponsored a sailing expedition from Bombay to Bandar Abbas, Iran in 1977[4] in an 20-foot 1909-vintage wooden Seabird[5] Class sailboat Albatross to test the sailing capabilities of the sailors of the Corps of Engineers and a precursor to the circumnavigation of the globe by the Sappers on Trishna. The 68-day 7,000 km voyage to Bandar Abbas was one of the early major ventures by the Corps.[6]

Purchase of boat and sail from Gosport, England to Bombay, India

[edit]

[7] The planning for the circumnavigation commenced in early 1980s and finally took off in 1984 when a team of officers from the Corps of Engineers flew to the U.K. to buy a boat and sail it back to India. Limited funds dictated the Sapper Adventure Foundation to opt for the purchase of a second-hand sailboat for the venture. After an extensive survey of the second-hand boat market in the U.K., the 1970-vintage Swan 37 boat Guinevere of Sussex was shortlisted, which was based at Brighton.[8] After purchase of the yacht, it was sailed by the crew to the Joint Services Sailing Center, Gosport, U.K., now known as the Joint Services Adventure Sail Training Center,[9] where it underwent minor repairs and partial essential re-fit to make it sail-worthy for the voyage back to India. The crew also underwent sail training, which was organised under the aegis of the Royal Engineers. Major Ron Gravels, ex-Royal Engineers, was engaged and he undertook a month-long sail training program for the crew on the Solent, English Channel crossings to Cherbourg culminating in a sail to the ports of Guernsey and Alderney in the Channel Islands.[10]

Trishna entering Gibraltar harbour

Trishna set off on her first long distance voyage from the Joint Services Sailing Center, Gosport, U.K. on 12 October 1984. With the onset of winter, the crew had a rough passage, especially in the Bay of Biscay, Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. With halts at Alderney (14 October), A Coruña (20 October), Lisbon (26 October), Gibraltar (1 November), Ibiza (7 November), Malta (17 November), Iraklion (24 November), Port Said (1 December) through the Suez Canal to Port Suez (7 December),[11] Port Sudan (15 December), Aden (30 December), Salalah (10 January 1985), Muscat, Oman (19 January) and Bombay (1 February 1985).[12][13][14]

Team

[edit]

The team to sail the boat back from Gosport, United Kingdom to Bombay, India consisted of the following members:[8]

  • Maj K. S. Rao, SC, SM, - Skipper
  • Maj Amreshwar Pratap Singh, SM (Bar), VSM
  • Maj A. K. Singh, KC, SM
  • Capt Sanjeev Shekhar, SC
  • Capt Chandrahas Bharti, SC
  • Col T. P. S. Chowdhary, AVSM, Team Manager - sailed from Gosport to Port Said
  • Capt M.S. Pillai, SM - sailed from Port Said to Mumbai

Maj A. K. Singh was handicapped. His leg had been amputated above the knee after a hang gliding accident in 1981.[15]

Voyages by Trishna

[edit]
See also: First Indian circumnavigation

Note: The Goodwill Sailing Expedition 1994-1995 was the first occasion when a lady member, 2/Lt. Deepanita Dass, was included as a crew member in any Indian sailing expedition.[19]

Silver Jubilee Anniversary

[edit]

The Indian Army Corps of Engineers celebrated the silver jubilee of the historic completion of the First Indian circumnavigation on 10 January 2012 by again sailing Trishna across Mumbai harbour to the Naval Sailing Club, Colaba, Mumbai, the place from where she had set off on its journey in 1985.[24]

Gallery: Gosport-Bombay 1984-1985

[edit]
  • Puja on board after taking possession of Trishna at Brighton Marina
    Puja on board after taking possession of Trishna at Brighton Marina
  • The team at the Joint Services Sailing Center, Gosport with Maj Gen HK 'Harry' Kapoor, Maj Gen Neil Carter, RE and Maj Ron Gravels
    The team at the Joint Services Sailing Center, Gosport with Maj Gen HK 'Harry' Kapoor, Maj Gen Neil Carter, RE and Maj Ron Gravels
  • A training sail along the Solent
    A training sail along the Solent
  • Working on the boat at the Joint Services Sailing Center, Gosport
    Working on the boat at the Joint Services Sailing Center, Gosport
  • Invoking the Sea Gods for a safe voyage before sail off from Gosport
    Invoking the Sea Gods for a safe voyage before sail off from Gosport
  • Boat maintenance at La Corona after battling storms during the Bay of Biscay crossing
    Boat maintenance at La Corona after battling storms during the Bay of Biscay crossing
  • A relaxing moment with the Portuguese Army Commandos at Lisboa
    A relaxing moment with the Portuguese Army Commandos at Lisboa
  • Sailing out of Lisboa
    Sailing out of Lisboa
  • Crew at the Royal Navy base at Gibraltar
    Crew at the Royal Navy base at Gibraltar
  • Battling the seas during storms in the Red Sea
    Battling the seas during storms in the Red Sea
  • Cleaning up during Mother's Watch routine
    Cleaning up during Mother's Watch routine
  • A calm moment in the Arabian Sea
    A calm moment in the Arabian Sea

Gallery: Goodwill Sailing Expedition 1994-1995

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "An Epic Circumnavigation by Sail Comes to an End". Transportation History. 2019-01-10. Retrieved 2021-01-12.
  2. ^ Banerjee-Bey, Yana (29 October 2005). "An epic voyage". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on June 3, 2006.
  3. ^ "Corps of Engineers - Adventure Activities". Official website of the Indian Army.
  4. ^ "35 days in an open boat". Tehran Journal. Tehran. 1 December 1977.
  5. ^ "Bombay Sailing Association". Bombaysailing.com. Retrieved 2013-08-24.
  6. ^ "Albatross – The Seabird which Conquered the Seas". Salute. New Delhi. 16 March 2021.
  7. ^ "'Sappers' cruise round-the-world". The Patriot. New Delhi. 21 February 1985.
  8. ^ a b "Sappers to go on World cruise". Maharashtra Herald. Bombay. 7 February 1985.
  9. ^ "JSASTC". Facebook.
  10. ^ "Indian Army team sails around the World". India Weekly. London. 11 October 1984.
  11. ^ "The Egyptian Gazette 20 Dec 1984". The Egyptian Gazette. 1984-12-07.
  12. ^ "Unique sailing experience". Blitz. Bombay. 9 February 1985.
  13. ^ "A big yachting adventure". Evening News. New Delhi. 15 February 1985.
  14. ^ "Rousing reception to yacht Trishna". Free Press Journal. Bombay. 2 February 1985.
  15. ^ "On a global feat". The Sun. Bombay. March 1985.
  16. ^ a b "The Call of the Sea". Delhi Recorder. Mar 1985. p. 43.
  17. ^ "Indian Army Engineers gear up to sail around the World". India Today. Mumbai. 15 April 1985.
  18. ^ ""Trishna" is back". The Daily. Bombay. 23 April 1985.
  19. ^ a b ""Trishna" to sail on Goodwill Mission". The Times of India. Mumbai. 20 October 1994.
  20. ^ a b "Trishna millennium expedition – VSNL sponsors sailing expedition". Inmarsat.vsnl.com. Retrieved 23 February 2015.
  21. ^ Chowdhury, Nandita (31 October 1996). "Indian Army Engineers Corps sail all around World in just two years". India Today, Mumbai.
  22. ^ Nasry, Laila (12 March 2000). "Breaking waves in little yacht". The Sunday Times, Colombo.
  23. ^ "Sappers Adventure Foundation". Ash.marinebiztv.com. Retrieved 2013-08-24.
  24. ^ "Army men relive historic moment". Zeenews.india.com. Retrieved 2013-08-24.
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