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| logo = Ginkgo Bioworks logo.svg
| logo = Ginkgo Bioworks logo.svg
| type = [[Public company]]
| type = [[Public company]]
| traded_as = {{ubl|{{NYSE|DNA}}|[[Russell 1000]] component}}
| traded_as = {{NYSE|DNA}} (Class A)
| industry = [[Biotechnology]]
| industry = [[Biotechnology]]
| predecessor = <!-- or: | predecessors = -->
| predecessor = <!-- or: | predecessors = -->
| successor = <!-- or: | successors = -->
| successor = <!-- or: | successors = -->
| founded = {{start date and age|2009}} in [[Boston, Massachusetts]], U.S.
| founded = {{start date and age|2008}} in [[Boston, Massachusetts]], U.S.
| founders = Tom Knight, Jason Kelly, Reshma Shetty, Barry Canton, Austin Che
| founders = Tom Knight, Jason Kelly, Reshma Shetty, Barry Canton, Austin Che<ref name=":2"/>
| defunct = <!-- {{End date|YYYY|MM|DD}} -->
| defunct = <!-- {{End date|YYYY|MM|DD}} -->
| hq_location_city = [[Boston, Massachusetts]]
| hq_location_city = [[Boston, Massachusetts]]
| hq_location_country = U.S.
| hq_location_country = U.S.
| area_served = <!-- or: | areas_served = -->
| area_served = <!-- or: | areas_served = -->
| key_people = Shyam Sankar (Chair Board of Directors), Jason Kelly (CEO)
| key_people = {{ubl|Tom Knight | Jason Kelly | Reshma Shetty | Barry Canton | Austin Che | [[Christina Agapakis]]}}
| products =
| products =
| owner = <!-- or: | owners = -->
| owner = <!-- or: | owners = -->
| revenue = {{nowrap|{{increase}} {{US$|478 million|link=yes}} (2022)}}
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| revenue = {{nowrap|{{increase}} {{US$|313.84 million|link=yes}} (2021)}}<ref name=10K>{{cite web|title= Ginkgo Bioworks Holdings, Inc. 2021 Form 10-K Report |url=https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1830214/000095017022004821/dna-20211231.htm |date=29 March 2022 |publisher=[[U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission]]}}</ref>
| operating_income = {{nowrap|{{decrease}} {{US$|{{color|red|−1.83}} billion}} (2021)}}<ref name=10K />
| operating_income = {{nowrap|{{decrease}} {{US$|{{color|red|−2.2}} billion}} (2022)}}
| net_income = {{nowrap|{{decrease}} {{US$|{{color|red|−1.83}} billion}} (2021)}}<ref name=10K />
| net_income = {{nowrap|{{decrease}} {{US$|{{color|red|−2.1}} billion}} (2022)}}
| assets = {{nowrap|{{increase}} {{US$|2.07 billion}} (2021)}}<ref name=10K />
| assets = {{nowrap|{{increase}} {{US$|2.54 billion}} (2022)}}
| equity = {{nowrap|{{increase}} {{US$|1.57 billion}} (2021)}}<ref name=10K />
| equity = {{nowrap|{{increase}} {{US$|1.74 billion}} (2022)}}
| num_employees = 641 (Dec 2021)<ref name=10K />
| num_employees = 1,218 (December 31, 2023)
| parent =
| parent =
| website = {{URL|ginkgobioworks.com}}
| website = {{URL|ginkgobioworks.com}}
⚫
| footnotes = <ref name=10K>{{cite USGov |publisher=[[U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission]]| title=Ginkgo Bioworks Holdings, Inc. 2022 Annual Report (Form 10-K) |url=https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1830214/000095017023007461/dna-20221231.htm |date=13 March 2023 |pages=31,F-4,F-5}}</ref>
}}
}}


'''Ginkgo Bioworks''' is an American [[biotech company]] founded in 2009 by scientists from [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology|MIT]] and headed by Jason Kelly. The company specializes in using [[genetic engineering]] to produce [[bacteria]] with industrial applications.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Molteni|first=Megan|date=14 September 2017|title=With Designer Bacteria, Crops One Day Could Fertilize Themselves|url=https://www.wired.com/story/with-designer-bacteria-crops-could-one-day-fertilize-themselves/|magazine=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]]|access-date=4 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Herper|first=Mathew|date=8 June 2016|title=Boston Startup Raises $100 Million To Use Synthetic Biology To Design Microbes For Industry|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/matthewherper/2016/06/08/boston-startup-raises-100-million-to-use-synthetic-biology-to-design-microbes-for-industry/#511b654f34c4|work=[[Forbes]]|access-date=4 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Adams|first=Susan|date=14 September 2017|title=Bayer And Ginkgo Bioworks, A Startup, Aim To Make Crops Produce Their Own Nitrogen Fertilizer|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/susanadams/2017/09/14/new-venture-aims-to-make-crops-produce-their-own-nitrogen-fertilizer/#5188255b1db0|work=[[Forbes]]|access-date=4 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Weisman|first=Robert|date=29 September 2016|title=Ginkgo Bioworks opens production site for custom cells|url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/business/2016/09/29/ginkgo-bioworks-opens-production-site-for-custom-cells/NOkYPicm7tIusnQRhp0TYL/story.html|work=[[Boston Globe]]|access-date=4 December 2017}}</ref> Ginkgo Bioworks is an analytics company that designs microorganisms for customers in a range of industries. It is the self-proclaimed "Organism Company" and was one of the world's largest privately held biotech companies,<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ginkgobio-fundraising-idUSKBN1WO1U9|title=Ginkgo Bioworks raises $350 million fund for biotech spinouts|date=2019-10-09|work=Reuters|access-date=2019-11-07|language=en}}</ref> valued at $4.2&nbsp;billion in 2019.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2019-11-06/ginkgo-bioworks-ceo-wants-biology-to-manufacture-physical-goods |title=Ginkgo Bioworks CEO Wants Biology to Manufacture Physical Goods|website=[[Bloomberg News|Bloomberg]]|date=6 November 2019|access-date=2019-11-07}}</ref> It raised $290&nbsp;million in September and $350 million in October of that year.<ref name=":0" />
'''Ginkgo Bioworks''' is an American [[biotech company]] founded in 2008 by five scientists from [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology|MIT]],<ref name="BG Logan 22">{{Cite news |last=Logan |first=Tim |date=3 April 2021 |title=Ginkgo Bioworks aims to keep growing with new building in Seaport |page=D1 |work=[[Boston Globe]] |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/115059246/ginkgo-bioworks-in-seaport/ |access-date=23 December 2022 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> headed by Jason Kelly. The company specializes in using [[genetic engineering]] to produce [[bacteria]] with industrial applications for other biotech companies, saving other companies the cost of reproducing the initial stages of design in [[synthetic biology]].<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Molteni |first=Megan |date=14 September 2017 |title=With Designer Bacteria, Crops One Day Could Fertilize Themselves |url=https://www.wired.com/story/with-designer-bacteria-crops-could-one-day-fertilize-themselves/ |url-status=live |magazine=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171205093041/https://www.wired.com/story/with-designer-bacteria-crops-could-one-day-fertilize-themselves/ |archive-date=5 December 2017 |access-date=4 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Herper |first=Mathew |date=8 June 2016 |title=Boston Startup Raises $100 Million To Use Synthetic Biology To Design Microbes For Industry |work=[[Forbes]] |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/matthewherper/2016/06/08/boston-startup-raises-100-million-to-use-synthetic-biology-to-design-microbes-for-industry/#511b654f34c4 |url-status=live |url-access=limited<!--small number of free articles--> |access-date=4 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160609001913/https://www.forbes.com/sites/matthewherper/2016/06/08/boston-startup-raises-100-million-to-use-synthetic-biology-to-design-microbes-for-industry/#4f67028d34c4 |archive-date=9 Jun 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Adams |first=Susan |date=14 September 2017 |title=Bayer And Ginkgo Bioworks, A Startup, Aim To Make Crops Produce Their Own Nitrogen Fertilizer |work=[[Forbes]] |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/susanadams/2017/09/14/new-venture-aims-to-make-crops-produce-their-own-nitrogen-fertilizer/ |url-status=live |url-access=limited<!--limited number of free articles--> |access-date=4 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171205093105/https://www.forbes.com/sites/susanadams/2017/09/14/new-venture-aims-to-make-crops-produce-their-own-nitrogen-fertilizer/ |archive-date=5 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Weisman |first=Robert |date=29 September 2016 |title=Ginkgo Bioworks opens production site for custom cells |work=[[Boston Globe]] |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/business/2016/09/29/ginkgo-bioworks-opens-production-site-for-custom-cells/NOkYPicm7tIusnQRhp0TYL/story.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=4 December 2017}}</ref> The self-proclaimed "Organism Company" was one of the world's largest privately held biotech companies,<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Spalding |first=Rebecca |date=9 October 2019 |title=Ginkgo Bioworks raises $350 million fund for biotech spinouts |language=en |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ginkgobio-fundraising-idUSKBN1WO1U9 |url-status=live |access-date=7 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191107211234/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ginkgobio-fundraising-idUSKBN1WO1U9 |archive-date=7 November 2019}}</ref> valued at $4.2&nbsp;billion in 2019.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Weber |first=Joel |date=6 November 2019 |title=Ginkgo Bioworks CEO Wants Biology to Manufacture Physical Goods |website= |agency=[[Bloomberg News]] |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2019-11-06/ginkgo-bioworks-ceo-wants-biology-to-manufacture-physical-goods |url-access=subscription |access-date=7 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191109035053/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2019-11-06/ginkgo-bioworks-ceo-wants-biology-to-manufacture-physical-goods |archive-date=9 November 2019 |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> It raised $290&nbsp;million in September and $350 million in October of that year.<ref name=":0" /> Ginkgo Bioworks went public on the [[New York Stock Exchange]] via a [[Special-purpose acquisition company|SPAC]] merger on September 17, 2021.<ref name=goespublic/>


== History ==
== History ==
On 16 December 2020, it was reported that Ginkgo Bioworks would acquire the primary assets of Novogy's Microbial Engineering Platform. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bioworks |first=Ginkgo |title=Ginkgo Bioworks Acquires Biotechnology Startup Novogy's Microbial Engineering Platform |url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/ginkgo-bioworks-acquires-biotechnology-startup-novogys-microbial-engineering-platform-301194122.html |access-date=2022-10-04 |website=www.prnewswire.com |language=en}}</ref>
In 2014, Ginkgo was the first biotechnology company to join the [[Y Combinator]] start-up accelerator program.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |last=Kirsner |first=Scott |date=24 July 2015 |title=Dollars and scents |pages=C4 |work=[[Boston Globe]] |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/115061705/ginkgo-bioworks-45-million/ |access-date=23 December 2022 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref>


On 16 December 2020, it was reported that Ginkgo Bioworks would acquire the primary assets of Novogy's Microbial Engineering Platform.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Price |first=Thomas |date=9 January 2021 |title=Startup Novogy Acquired by Ginkgo Bioworks |url=https://startupsavant.com/news/ginkgo-novogy |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109203726/https://startupsavant.com/news/ginkgo-novogy |archive-date=9 January 2021 |access-date=21 December 2022}}</ref> 2020 also saw the company acquire property worth $25 million from Marcus Partners for the construction of a new 219,000 square foot laboratory building, after razing existing structures, located in the [[Raymond L. Flynn Marine Park|Raymond L Flynn Marine Park]].<ref name="BG Logan 22" /> As of 2021, the company also occupied 200,000 square feet of the Innovation and Design Building (''aka'' IDB) in the Park.<ref name="BG Logan 22" /> Ginkgo also occupied facilities in [[Cambridge, Massachusetts|Cambridge]], where most MIT-spin outs resided at the time.<ref name="BG Logan 22" />
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On 11 May 2021, Gingko Bioworks announced plans of going public through a merger with [[Special-purpose acquisition company|SPAC]] Soaring Eagle at a $17.5 billion valuation.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Hussain|first=Niket Nishant, Noor Zainab|date=2021-05-11|title=Biotech firm Ginkgo to merge with Harry Sloan-led SPAC in $17.5 billion deal|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/legal-us-gingkgo-m-a-soaring-eagle-idUSKBN2CS2CV|access-date=2021-05-12}}</ref>


Growth of Ginkgo up to 2021 had been driven by "robust [[venture capital funding]]" and entry into the [[COVID-19 testing]] market.<ref name="BG Logan 22" /> This included $45 million from [[Viking Global Investors|Viking Global]] in 2015.<ref name=":2" />
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On 14 May 2021, Ginkgo announced its new ticker for the [[New York Stock Exchange|NYSE]] will be [[DNA]]. The ticker was previously used by [[Genentech]], who stopped using the ticker after they were acquired by [[Roche]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Ginkgo Bioworks |first1=Austin, Barry, Jason, Reshma, and Tom |title=Taking Ginkgo Public on NYSE:DNA |url=https://www.ginkgobioworks.com/2021/05/14/taking-ginkgo-public-on-nysedna/ |website=Ginkgo Bioworks |date=14 May 2021 |publisher=Ginkgo Bioworks |access-date=15 May 2021}}</ref> Trading began on September 17, 2021.<ref>{{cite news |last=Leon|first=Riley|date=17 September 2021|title=Ginkgo Bioworks begins trading on the NYSE after completing SPAC merger|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2021/09/17/ginkgo-begins-trading-on-the-nyse-after-completing-spac-merger.html|work=[[CNBC]]|location= |access-date=17 September 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite press release |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20210914005748/en/Ginkgo-Bioworks-to-Go-Public-with-Over-1.6-Billion-in-Proceeds |title=Ginkgo Bioworks to Go Public with Over $1.6 Billion in Proceeds |agency=[[Business Wire]] |date=September 14, 2021}}</ref> The investment management firm [[Baillie Gifford]] became the largest shareholder (15%) with the purchase of 167.75&nbsp;million shares on 31 March 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://investorplace.com/2022/04/baillie-gifford-just-bought-ginkgo-bioworks-dna-stock-heres-why/|title = Baillie Gifford Just Bought Ginkgo Bioworks (DNA) Stock. Here's Why|date = 7 April 2022}}</ref>


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On 11 May 2021, Ginkgo Bioworks announced plans of going public through a merger with [[Special-purpose acquisition company|SPAC]] Soaring Eagle at a $17.5 billion valuation.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Nishant |first=Niket |date=11 May 2021 |title=Biotech firm Ginkgo to merge with Harry Sloan-led SPAC in $17.5 billion deal |language=en |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/legal-us-gingkgo-m-a-soaring-eagle-idUSKBN2CS2CV |url-status=live |access-date=12 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511203016/https://www.reuters.com/business/legal/biotech-firm-ginkgo-merge-with-harry-sloan-led-spac-175-bln-deal-2021-05-11/ |archive-date=11 May 2021}}</ref>
On 14 March 2022, it was reported that Ginkgo Bioworks signed a Definitive Agreement to Acquire FGen AG, a leading bioengineering company and its proprietary ultra-high-throughput screening platform. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ginkgo Bioworks Signs Definitive Agreement to Acquire FGen AG, a leading bioengineering company and its proprietary ultra-high-throughput screening platform |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/ginkgo-bioworks-signs-definitive-agreement-110000503.html |access-date=2022-10-04 |website=finance.yahoo.com |language=en-US}}</ref>


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On 14 May 2021, Ginkgo announced its new ticker for the [[New York Stock Exchange|NYSE]] will be "DNA". The ticker was previously used by [[Genentech]], who stopped using the ticker after they were acquired by [[Roche]].<ref>{{cite web |date=14 May 2021 |title=Taking Ginkgo Public on NYSE:DNA |url=https://www.ginkgobioworks.com/2021/05/14/taking-ginkgo-public-on-nysedna/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515194119/https://www.ginkgobioworks.com/2021/05/14/taking-ginkgo-public-on-nysedna/ |archive-date=15 May 2021 |access-date=15 May 2021 |publisher=Ginkgo Bioworks}}</ref>{{Self-published inline|date=December 2022|certain=yes}} Trading began on September 17, 2021.<ref name=goespublic>{{cite news |last=de León |first=Riley |date=17 September 2021 |title=Ginkgo Bioworks begins trading on the NYSE after completing SPAC merger |work=[[CNBC]] |location= |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2021/09/17/ginkgo-begins-trading-on-the-nyse-after-completing-spac-merger.html |url-status=live |access-date=17 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917135706/https://www.cnbc.com/2021/09/17/ginkgo-begins-trading-on-the-nyse-after-completing-spac-merger.html |archive-date=17 September 2021}}</ref> The investment management firm [[Baillie Gifford]] became the largest shareholder (15%) with the purchase of 167.75&nbsp;million shares on 31 March 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pan |first=Eddie |date=7 April 2022 |title=Baillie Gifford Just Bought Ginkgo Bioworks (DNA) Stock. Here's Why |url=https://investorplace.com/2022/04/baillie-gifford-just-bought-ginkgo-bioworks-dna-stock-heres-why/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221012122149/https://investorplace.com/2022/04/baillie-gifford-just-bought-ginkgo-bioworks-dna-stock-heres-why/ |archive-date=12 October 2022 |access-date=21 December 2022 |website=InvestorPlace}}</ref>
On 6 June 2022, it was reported that Ginkgo Bioworks has acquired assets from Bitome, an Integrated Metabolite Monitoring Platform. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bioworks |first=Ginkgo |title=Ginkgo Bioworks Acquires Bitome, an Integrated Metabolite Monitoring Platform |url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/ginkgo-bioworks-acquires-bitome-an-integrated-metabolite-monitoring-platform-301561347.html |access-date=2022-10-04 |website=www.prnewswire.com |language=en}}</ref>


On 25 July 2022, Ginkgo Bioworks agreed to acquire [[Zymergen]] for $300 million in an all-stock deal.<ref>{{cite web |last=Saul |first=Derek |date=25 July 2022 |title=Ginkgo Buys Embattled Biotech Firm Zymergen For Paltry $300 Million |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/dereksaul/2022/07/25/ginkgo-buys-embattled-biotech-firm-zymergen-for-paltry-300-million |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220726043405/https://www.forbes.com/sites/dereksaul/2022/07/25/ginkgo-buys-embattled-biotech-firm-zymergen-for-paltry-300-million/?sh=3638b7d4c879 |archive-date=26 July 2022 |work=[[Forbes]]}}</ref>
On 14 March 2022, it was reported that Ginkgo Bioworks signed a Definitive Agreement to Acquire FGen AG, a leading bioengineering company and its proprietary ultra-high-throughput screening platform.<ref>{{Cite press release |title=Ginkgo Bioworks Signs Definitive Agreement to Acquire FGen AG, a leading bioengineering company and its proprietary ultra-high-throughput screening platform |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/ginkgo-bioworks-signs-definitive-agreement-110000503.html |access-date=4 October 2022 |language=en-US |publisher=Ginkgo Bioworks |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221004222417/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/ginkgo-bioworks-signs-definitive-agreement-110000503.html |archive-date=4 October 2022}}</ref>{{Self-published inline|date=December 2022|certain=yes}}


On 27 July 2022, it was reported that Ginkgo Bioworks would acquire Bayer's Biologics Research & Development site, located in West Sacramento. Ginko will enter into a new multi-year platform collaboration with Bayer. The deal includes the integration of the R&D platform assets from Joyn Bio, a joint-venture between Leaps by Bayer investments and Ginkgo Bioworks. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ginkgo and Bayer Sign Definitive Agreement to Build Agricultural Biologicals R&D Platform Capabilities |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/ginkgo-bayer-sign-definitive-agreement-132506657.html |access-date=2022-10-05 |website=finance.yahoo.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
On 6 June 2022, it was reported that Ginkgo Bioworks has acquired assets from Bitome, an Integrated Metabolite Monitoring Platform.<ref>{{Cite press release |title=Ginkgo Bioworks Acquires Bitome, an Integrated Metabolite Monitoring Platform |url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/ginkgo-bioworks-acquires-bitome-an-integrated-metabolite-monitoring-platform-301561347.html |access-date=4 October 2022 |language=en |publisher=Ginkgo Bioworks |date=6 June 2022}}</ref>{{Self-published inline|date=December 2022|certain=yes}}


On 25 July 2022, Ginkgo Bioworks agreed to acquire [[Zymergen]] for $300 million in an all-stock deal.<ref>{{cite web |last=Saul |first=Derek |date=25 July 2022 |title=Ginkgo Buys Embattled Biotech Firm Zymergen For Paltry $300 Million |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/dereksaul/2022/07/25/ginkgo-buys-embattled-biotech-firm-zymergen-for-paltry-300-million |url-access=limited |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date= |work=[[Forbes]]}}</ref>
On 4 October 2022, it was reported that Ginkgo Bioworks would acquire Adaptive Laboratory Evolution Company Altar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ginkgo Bioworks Acquires Adaptive Laboratory Evolution Company Altar |url=https://www.tipranks.com/news/press-releases/ginkgo-bioworks-acquires-adaptive-laboratory-evolution-company-altar |access-date=2022-10-04 |website=TipRanks Financial |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=PhD |first=Julianna LeMieux |date=2022-10-05 |title=Two Is Better Than One: Ginkgo Bioworks Acquires Altar and Circularis |url=https://www.genengnews.com/news/two-is-better-than-one-ginkgo-bioworks-acquires-altar-and-circularis/ |access-date=2022-10-05 |website=GEN - Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News |language=en-US}}</ref>


On 27 July 2022, it was reported that Ginkgo Bioworks would acquire Bayer's Biologics Research & Development site, located in West Sacramento. Ginkgo will enter into a new multi-year platform collaboration with Bayer. The deal includes the integration of the R&D platform assets from Joyn Bio, a joint-venture between Leaps by Bayer investments and Ginkgo Bioworks.<ref>{{Cite press release |title=Ginkgo and Bayer Sign Definitive Agreement to Build Agricultural Biologicals R&D Platform Capabilities |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/ginkgo-bayer-sign-definitive-agreement-132506657.html |access-date=5 October 2022 |website= |language=en-US |via=[[Yahoo! Finance]] |publisher=[[Bayer]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221005111137/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/ginkgo-bayer-sign-definitive-agreement-132506657.html |archive-date=5 October 2022}}</ref>
On 4 October 2022, it was reported that Ginkgo Bioworks would acquire Circularis to Strengthen Capabilities in Cell and Gene Therapy. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ginkgo Bioworks Acquires Circularis to Strengthen Capabilities in Cell and Gene Therapy |url=https://www.tipranks.com/news/press-releases/ginkgo-bioworks-acquires-circularis-to-strengthen-capabilities-in-cell-and-gene-therapy |access-date=2022-10-04 |website=TipRanks Financial |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1" />

On 4 October 2022, it was reported that Ginkgo Bioworks would acquire France-based adaptive laboratory evolution instruments developer Altar and California-based Circularis to strengthen capabilities in cell and gene therapy.<ref>{{Cite press release |title=Ginkgo Bioworks Acquires Adaptive Laboratory Evolution Company Altar |url=https://www.tipranks.com/news/press-releases/ginkgo-bioworks-acquires-adaptive-laboratory-evolution-company-altar |access-date=4 October 2022 |language=en |via=[[TipRanks]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221004222421/https://www.tipranks.com/news/press-releases/ginkgo-bioworks-acquires-adaptive-laboratory-evolution-company-altar |archive-date=4 October 2022 |url-status=live |publisher=Ginkgo Bioworks |date=4 October 2022}}</ref>{{Self-published inline|date=December 2022|certain=yes}}<ref name=":1">{{Cite magazine |last=LeMieux |first=Julianna |date=5 October 2022 |title=Two Is Better Than One: Ginkgo Bioworks Acquires Altar and Circularis |url=https://www.genengnews.com/news/two-is-better-than-one-ginkgo-bioworks-acquires-altar-and-circularis/ |url-status=live |website=[[Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News]] |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221005144800/https://www.genengnews.com/news/two-is-better-than-one-ginkgo-bioworks-acquires-altar-and-circularis/ |archive-date=5 October 2022 |access-date=5 October 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite press release |title=Ginkgo Bioworks Acquires Circularis to Strengthen Capabilities in Cell and Gene Therapy |url=https://www.tipranks.com/news/press-releases/ginkgo-bioworks-acquires-circularis-to-strengthen-capabilities-in-cell-and-gene-therapy |access-date=2022-10-04 |language=en |via=[[TipRanks]] |publisher=Ginkgo Bioworks |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221004222420/https://www.tipranks.com/news/press-releases/ginkgo-bioworks-acquires-circularis-to-strengthen-capabilities-in-cell-and-gene-therapy |archive-date=4 October 2022}}</ref>{{Self-published inline|date=December 2022|certain=yes}}

In October 2022, ''[[Bloomberg News]]'' reported that Ginkgo Bioworks partnered with [[Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity]] to create a software tool to help detect when biological organisms have been [[genetic engineering|genetically engineered]]. The tool known as ENDAR (short for Engineered Nucleotide Detection and Ranking) could be used to provide an early warning of bioweapons and other man-made biological threats.<ref>{{cite news |last=Griffin |first=Riley |date=17 October 2022 |title=Ginkgo Is Trying to Detect Future Man-Made Biological Threats |agency=[[Bloomberg News]] |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-10-17/ginkgo-is-trying-to-detect-future-man-made-biological-threats |url-status=live |url-access=limited |archive-url=https://archive.today/20221018034503/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-10-17/ginkgo-is-trying-to-detect-future-man-made-biological-threats |archive-date=18 October 2022}}</ref>

Since IPO, their stock price has gone down by 98.5%. <ref>{{cite web|url=https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/DNA/}}</ref>

==Fraud allegations==
On 6 October 2021, a market research firm published a report accusing Ginkgo of embellishing its revenue in a complex scheme highly dependent on related-party transactions.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.biospace.com/article/ginkgo-bioworks-shares-drop-as-law-firm-launches-investigation-into-possible-securities-law-violations/ |title=Ginkgo Bioworks Hit After Short Seller Claims Business Model a 'Shell Game' |last=Doctor |first=Vanessa |date=7 October 2021 |publisher=Biospace |access-date=14 March 2024}}</ref> The report prompted an inquiry into Ginkgo by the [[United States Department of Justice]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://seekingalpha.com/news/3770584-ginkgo-bioworks-says-it-received-inquiry-from-doj-after-short-seller-report |title=Ginkgo Bioworks says it received inquiry from DOJ after short seller report |last=Lokuwithana |first=Dulan |date=15 November 2021 |publisher=SeekingAlpha |access-date=14 March 2024}}</ref> In November 2021, Ginkgo was sued in a shareholder lawsuit alleging it misrepresented its revenue sources in statements regarding its merger with a [[Special-purpose acquisition company]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.reuters.com/legal/litigation/biotech-ginkgo-sued-over-revenue-statements-15-bln-spac-deal-2021-11-19/ |title=Biotech Ginkgo sued over revenue statements for $15 bln SPAC deal |last=Jackson |first=Sierra |date=19 November 2021 |publisher=Reuters |access-date=14 March 2024}}</ref> As of 2021, the company could not name a single significant product that is manufactured and sold using its organisms.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/08/24/1032308/is-ginkgos-synthetic-biology-story-worth-15-billion/ |title=Is Ginkgo's synthetic-biology story worth $15 billion? |last=Regalado |first=Antonio |date=24 August 2021 |publisher=MIT Technology Review |access-date=14 April 2024}}</ref>

In March 2023, the former Attorney General of [[Louisiana]] launched an investigation into the officers and directors of Ginkgo.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20230324005421/en/GINKGO-BIOWORKS-INVESTIGATION-INITIATED-by-Former-Louisiana-Attorney-General-Kahn-Swick-Foti-LLC-Investigates-the-Officers-and-Directors-of-Ginkgo-Bioworks-Holdings-Inc.---DNA |title=GINKGO BIOWORKS INVESTIGATION INITIATED by Former Louisiana Attorney General: Kahn Swick & Foti, LLC Investigates the Officers and Directors of Ginkgo Bioworks Holdings, Inc. - DNA |date=25 March 2023 |publisher=BusinessWire |access-date=14 March 2024}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
* [[Amyris (company)|Amyris]]
* [[Amyris, Inc.]]
* [[Precigen]]
* [[Precigen|Precigen, Inc.]]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

== Further reading ==

* {{Cite news |last=Johnson |first=Carolyn Y |date=4 January 2010 |title=High-tech's hand-me-downs |pages=B5, B7 |work=[[Boston Globe]] |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/82932382/gaylord-at-csp/ |access-date=23 December 2022 |via=Newspapers.com}} (2nd page, B7, [https://www.newspapers.com/clip/82933182/cast-offs-142010/ located here])


==External links==
==External links==
*{{Official|https://www.ginkgobioworks.com}}
*{{Official}}
{{Finance links
{{Finance links
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| name = Ginkgo Bioworks Holdings, Inc.
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[[Category:Special-purpose acquisition companies]]
[[Category:Special-purpose acquisition companies]]
[[Category:Technology companies established in 2009]]
[[Category:Technology companies established in 2009]]


{{company stub}}

Latest revision as of 18:41, 16 September 2024

Ginkgo Bioworks Holdings, Inc.
Company typePublic company
NYSE: DNA (Class A)
IndustryBiotechnology
Founded2008; 17 years ago (2008) in Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.
FoundersTom Knight, Jason Kelly, Reshma Shetty, Barry Canton, Austin Che[1]
Headquarters
Boston, Massachusetts
,
U.S.
Key people
Shyam Sankar (Chair Board of Directors), Jason Kelly (CEO)
RevenueIncrease US$478 million (2022)
Decrease US$−2.2 billion (2022)
Decrease US$−2.1 billion (2022)
Total assetsIncrease US$2.54 billion (2022)
Total equityIncrease US$1.74 billion (2022)
Number of employees
1,218 (December 31, 2023)
Websiteginkgobioworks.com
Footnotes / references
[2]

Ginkgo Bioworks is an American biotech company founded in 2008 by five scientists from MIT,[3] headed by Jason Kelly. The company specializes in using genetic engineering to produce bacteria with industrial applications for other biotech companies, saving other companies the cost of reproducing the initial stages of design in synthetic biology.[4][5][6][7] The self-proclaimed "Organism Company" was one of the world's largest privately held biotech companies,[8] valued at $4.2 billion in 2019.[9] It raised $290 million in September and $350 million in October of that year.[8] Ginkgo Bioworks went public on the New York Stock Exchange via a SPAC merger on September 17, 2021.[10]

History

[edit]

In 2014, Ginkgo was the first biotechnology company to join the Y Combinator start-up accelerator program.[1]

On 16 December 2020, it was reported that Ginkgo Bioworks would acquire the primary assets of Novogy's Microbial Engineering Platform.[11] 2020 also saw the company acquire property worth $25 million from Marcus Partners for the construction of a new 219,000 square foot laboratory building, after razing existing structures, located in the Raymond L Flynn Marine Park.[3] As of 2021, the company also occupied 200,000 square feet of the Innovation and Design Building (aka IDB) in the Park.[3] Ginkgo also occupied facilities in Cambridge, where most MIT-spin outs resided at the time.[3]

Growth of Ginkgo up to 2021 had been driven by "robust venture capital funding" and entry into the COVID-19 testing market.[3] This included $45 million from Viking Global in 2015.[1]

On 11 May 2021, Ginkgo Bioworks announced plans of going public through a merger with SPAC Soaring Eagle at a $17.5 billion valuation.[12]

On 14 May 2021, Ginkgo announced its new ticker for the NYSE will be "DNA". The ticker was previously used by Genentech, who stopped using the ticker after they were acquired by Roche.[13][self-published source] Trading began on September 17, 2021.[10] The investment management firm Baillie Gifford became the largest shareholder (15%) with the purchase of 167.75 million shares on 31 March 2022.[14]

On 14 March 2022, it was reported that Ginkgo Bioworks signed a Definitive Agreement to Acquire FGen AG, a leading bioengineering company and its proprietary ultra-high-throughput screening platform.[15][self-published source]

On 6 June 2022, it was reported that Ginkgo Bioworks has acquired assets from Bitome, an Integrated Metabolite Monitoring Platform.[16][self-published source]

On 25 July 2022, Ginkgo Bioworks agreed to acquire Zymergen for $300 million in an all-stock deal.[17]

On 27 July 2022, it was reported that Ginkgo Bioworks would acquire Bayer's Biologics Research & Development site, located in West Sacramento. Ginkgo will enter into a new multi-year platform collaboration with Bayer. The deal includes the integration of the R&D platform assets from Joyn Bio, a joint-venture between Leaps by Bayer investments and Ginkgo Bioworks.[18]

On 4 October 2022, it was reported that Ginkgo Bioworks would acquire France-based adaptive laboratory evolution instruments developer Altar and California-based Circularis to strengthen capabilities in cell and gene therapy.[19][self-published source][20][21][self-published source]

In October 2022, Bloomberg News reported that Ginkgo Bioworks partnered with Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity to create a software tool to help detect when biological organisms have been genetically engineered. The tool known as ENDAR (short for Engineered Nucleotide Detection and Ranking) could be used to provide an early warning of bioweapons and other man-made biological threats.[22]

Since IPO, their stock price has gone down by 98.5%. [23]

Fraud allegations

[edit]

On 6 October 2021, a market research firm published a report accusing Ginkgo of embellishing its revenue in a complex scheme highly dependent on related-party transactions.[24] The report prompted an inquiry into Ginkgo by the United States Department of Justice.[25] In November 2021, Ginkgo was sued in a shareholder lawsuit alleging it misrepresented its revenue sources in statements regarding its merger with a Special-purpose acquisition company.[26] As of 2021, the company could not name a single significant product that is manufactured and sold using its organisms.[27]

In March 2023, the former Attorney General of Louisiana launched an investigation into the officers and directors of Ginkgo.[28]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Kirsner, Scott (24 July 2015). "Dollars and scents". Boston Globe. pp. C4. Retrieved 23 December 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  2. ^ Ginkgo Bioworks Holdings, Inc. 2022 Annual Report (Form 10-K). U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. 13 March 2023. pp. 31, F-4, F-5.
  3. ^ a b c d e Logan, Tim (3 April 2021). "Ginkgo Bioworks aims to keep growing with new building in Seaport". Boston Globe. p. D1. Retrieved 23 December 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  4. ^ Molteni, Megan (14 September 2017). "With Designer Bacteria, Crops One Day Could Fertilize Themselves". Wired. Archived from the original on 5 December 2017. Retrieved 4 December 2017.
  5. ^ Herper, Mathew (8 June 2016). "Boston Startup Raises $100 Million To Use Synthetic Biology To Design Microbes For Industry". Forbes. Archived from the original on 9 Jun 2016. Retrieved 4 December 2017.
  6. ^ Adams, Susan (14 September 2017). "Bayer And Ginkgo Bioworks, A Startup, Aim To Make Crops Produce Their Own Nitrogen Fertilizer". Forbes. Archived from the original on 5 December 2017. Retrieved 4 December 2017.
  7. ^ Weisman, Robert (29 September 2016). "Ginkgo Bioworks opens production site for custom cells". Boston Globe. Retrieved 4 December 2017.
  8. ^ a b Spalding, Rebecca (9 October 2019). "Ginkgo Bioworks raises $350 million fund for biotech spinouts". Reuters. Archived from the original on 7 November 2019. Retrieved 7 November 2019.
  9. ^ Weber, Joel (6 November 2019). "Ginkgo Bioworks CEO Wants Biology to Manufacture Physical Goods". Bloomberg News. Archived from the original on 9 November 2019. Retrieved 7 November 2019.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  10. ^ a b de León, Riley (17 September 2021). "Ginkgo Bioworks begins trading on the NYSE after completing SPAC merger". CNBC. Archived from the original on 17 September 2021. Retrieved 17 September 2021.
  11. ^ Price, Thomas (9 January 2021). "Startup Novogy Acquired by Ginkgo Bioworks". Archived from the original on 9 January 2021. Retrieved 21 December 2022.
  12. ^ Nishant, Niket (11 May 2021). "Biotech firm Ginkgo to merge with Harry Sloan-led SPAC in $17.5 billion deal". Reuters. Archived from the original on 11 May 2021. Retrieved 12 May 2021.
  13. ^ "Taking Ginkgo Public on NYSE:DNA". Ginkgo Bioworks. 14 May 2021. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  14. ^ Pan, Eddie (7 April 2022). "Baillie Gifford Just Bought Ginkgo Bioworks (DNA) Stock. Here's Why". InvestorPlace. Archived from the original on 12 October 2022. Retrieved 21 December 2022.
  15. ^ "Ginkgo Bioworks Signs Definitive Agreement to Acquire FGen AG, a leading bioengineering company and its proprietary ultra-high-throughput screening platform" (Press release). Ginkgo Bioworks. Archived from the original on 4 October 2022. Retrieved 4 October 2022.
  16. ^ "Ginkgo Bioworks Acquires Bitome, an Integrated Metabolite Monitoring Platform" (Press release). Ginkgo Bioworks. 6 June 2022. Retrieved 4 October 2022.
  17. ^ Saul, Derek (25 July 2022). "Ginkgo Buys Embattled Biotech Firm Zymergen For Paltry $300 Million". Forbes.
  18. ^ "Ginkgo and Bayer Sign Definitive Agreement to Build Agricultural Biologicals R&D Platform Capabilities" (Press release). Bayer. Archived from the original on 5 October 2022. Retrieved 5 October 2022 – via Yahoo! Finance.
  19. ^ "Ginkgo Bioworks Acquires Adaptive Laboratory Evolution Company Altar" (Press release). Ginkgo Bioworks. 4 October 2022. Archived from the original on 4 October 2022. Retrieved 4 October 2022 – via TipRanks.
  20. ^ LeMieux, Julianna (5 October 2022). "Two Is Better Than One: Ginkgo Bioworks Acquires Altar and Circularis". Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News. Archived from the original on 5 October 2022. Retrieved 5 October 2022.
  21. ^ "Ginkgo Bioworks Acquires Circularis to Strengthen Capabilities in Cell and Gene Therapy" (Press release). Ginkgo Bioworks. Archived from the original on 4 October 2022. Retrieved 2022-10-04 – via TipRanks.
  22. ^ Griffin, Riley (17 October 2022). "Ginkgo Is Trying to Detect Future Man-Made Biological Threats". Bloomberg News. Archived from the original on 18 October 2022.
  23. ^ https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/DNA/. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  24. ^ Doctor, Vanessa (7 October 2021). "Ginkgo Bioworks Hit After Short Seller Claims Business Model a 'Shell Game'". Biospace. Retrieved 14 March 2024.
  25. ^ Lokuwithana, Dulan (15 November 2021). "Ginkgo Bioworks says it received inquiry from DOJ after short seller report". SeekingAlpha. Retrieved 14 March 2024.
  26. ^ Jackson, Sierra (19 November 2021). "Biotech Ginkgo sued over revenue statements for $15 bln SPAC deal". Reuters. Retrieved 14 March 2024.
  27. ^ Regalado, Antonio (24 August 2021). "Is Ginkgo's synthetic-biology story worth $15 billion?". MIT Technology Review. Retrieved 14 April 2024.
  28. ^ "GINKGO BIOWORKS INVESTIGATION INITIATED by Former Louisiana Attorney General: Kahn Swick & Foti, LLC Investigates the Officers and Directors of Ginkgo Bioworks Holdings, Inc. - DNA". BusinessWire. 25 March 2023. Retrieved 14 March 2024.

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]
  • Official website Edit this at Wikidata
  • Business data for Ginkgo Bioworks Holdings, Inc.:
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