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Coordinates: 33°15′00″N 87°04′04″W / 33.25000°N 87.06778°W / 33.25000; -87.06778
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{{Short description|United States state park and historic place}}
{{Infobox_nrhp | name = Tannehill Furnace
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2023}}
| nrhp_type =
{{Infobox park
| image =Tannehill Furnace 2007.jpg
| name = Tannehill Ironworks <br/>Historical State Park
| caption =
| photo = John Wesley Hall Grist Mill-DSC 0008.JPG
| location= [[Tuscaloosa County, Alabama]], USA
| photo_caption = John Wesley Hall Grist Mill
| lat_degrees = 33 | lat_minutes = 14 | lat_seconds = 51 | lat_direction = N
| map = USA Alabama
| long_degrees = 87 | long_minutes = 4 | long_seconds = 4 | long_direction = W
| locmapin = Alabama
| map_caption = Location in Alabama
| relief = 1
| area = {{convert|2,063|acre}}
| label = Tannehill Ironworks Historical State Park
| built =1859-62
| location = [[Tuscaloosa County, Alabama]], United States
| builder = Hillman,Daniel
| nearest_city =
| architecture=
| coordinates = {{coord|33|15|00|N|87|04|04|W|display=inline,title}}
| added = July 24, 1972
| coords_ref = <ref name=gnis/>
| governing_body = Alabama Historic Ironworks Commission
| area = {{convert|1500|acre}}<ref name=park/>
| refnum = 72000182<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|version=2010a}}</ref>
| elevation = {{convert|427|ft|m|abbr=on}}<ref name=gnis>{{cite gnis|122751|Mill Creek}}</ref>
| designation = [[List of Alabama state parks|Alabama state park]]
| established = 1969 (opened 1971)<ref name=nrhp/>
| visitation_num =
| visitation_year =
| visitation_ref =
| administrator = Alabama Historic Ironworks Commission
| website = {{Official website}}
| embedded =
{{Infobox NRHP
| embed = yes
| name = Tannehill Furnace
| nrhp_type =
| image = Tannehill Furnace 2007.jpg
| image_size = 280
| caption =
| location = [[Tuscaloosa County, Alabama]], United States
| coordinates =
| area = {{convert|66|acre}}
| built = 1859-62
| builder = Hillman, Daniel
| architecture =
| added = July 24, 1972
| refnum = 72000182
}}
}}
}}


The '''Tannehill Ironworks''' is the central feature of '''Tannehill Ironworks Historical State Park''' near the unincorporated town of [[McCalla, Alabama|McCalla]] in [[Tuscaloosa County, Alabama|Tuscaloosa County]], [[Alabama]].<ref name=park/> Listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]] as '''Tannehill Furnace''', it was a major supplier of iron for [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] ordnance.<ref name=nrhp/> Remains of the old furnaces are located {{convert|12|mi|km|0}} south of [[Bessemer, Alabama|Bessemer]] off [[Interstate 59]]/[[Interstate 20 in Alabama|Interstate 20]] near the southern end of the [[Appalachian Mountains]]. The {{convert|1500|acre|adj=on}} park includes: the John Wesley Hall Grist Mill; the May Plantation Cotton Gin House; and the [[Iron & Steel Museum of Alabama]].<ref name=park/>
'''The Tannehill Ironworks''' is a state historic site in [[Tuscaloosa County, Alabama|Tuscaloosa County]] near the unincorporated town of [[McCalla, Alabama| McCalla]].


==History==
Listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]] as '''Tannehill Furnace''', it was a major supplier of iron for [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] ordnance. Remains of the old furnaces are the central attraction of '''Tannehill Ironworks Historical State Park''' located {{convert|12|mi|km|0}} south of Bessemer, Alabama off [[Interstate 59|I-59]]/[[Interstate 20|20]] near the southern end of the [[Appalachian Mountains]].
Ironmaking at the site began with construction of a [[bloomery]] forge by Daniel Hillman Sr. in 1830.<ref name=park/> Built by noted southern ironmaster Moses Stroup from 1859 to 1862, the three charcoal blast furnaces at Tannehill could produce 22 tons of pig iron a day, most of which was shipped to the Naval Gun Works and Arsenal at [[Selma, Alabama in the American Civil War|Selma]]. Furnaces Nos. 2 and 3 were equipped with hot blast stoves and a steam engine. Brown iron ore mines were present two miles (3&nbsp;km) distant.<ref name=armes/>


The Tannehill furnaces and its adjacent [[foundry]], where kettles and [[Holloware|hollow-ware]] were cast for southern troops, were attacked and burnt by three companies of the U.S. 8th Iowa Cavalry on March 31, 1865 during [[Wilson's Raid]]. The ruins remain today as one of the best preserved 19th-century iron furnace sites in the South.<ref name=bennett/>
The 2,063 acre (6 km²) historical park also includes the John Wesley Hall Grist Mill[[File:John Wesley Hall Grist Mill-DSC 0008.JPG|thumb|John Wesley Hall Grist Mill]], May Plantation Cotton Gin House and the [[Iron & Steel Museum of Alabama]].


Also known as the Roupes Valley Iron Company, these works had significant influence on the later development of the [[Birmingham, Alabama|Birmingham]] iron and steel industry. An experiment conducted at Tannehill in 1862 proved red iron ore could successfully be used in Alabama blast furnaces. The test, promoted by [[North and South Railroad of Georgia|South & North Railroad]] developers, led to the location of government-financed ironworks in the immediate Birmingham area (Jefferson County).<ref name=bennett95/>
Ironmaking at the site began with construction of a [[bloomery]] forge by Daniel Hillman Sr. in 1830.
;Listings
The furnace remains and its reconstructed portions were named an [[American Society for Metals]] historical landmark in 1994.<ref name=asm/> The park is an [[American Battlefield Trust]] Heritage Site,<ref name=cwtrail/> a stop on the Alabama Appalachian Highlands Birding Trail,<ref name=birding/> and was listed among the top 10 Alabama parks and nature areas visited in 2016.<ref name=tourism/>


==See also==
Built by noted southern ironmaster Moses Stroup from 1859 to 1862, the three charcoal blast furnaces at Tannehill could produce 22 tons of pig iron a day, most of which was shipped to the Naval Gun Works and Arsenal at Selma. Furnaces Nos. 2 and 3 were equipped with hot blast stoves and a steam engine. Brown iron ore mines were present two miles (3 km) distant.<ref>Ethel Armes, The Story of Coal and Iron in Alabama, Re-print edition, Book-Keepers Press, 1972, 158.</ref>
*[[Birmingham District]]
*[[Brierfield Furnace]]
*[[Shelby Iron Company|Shelby Ironworks]]


==References==
The Tannehill furnaces and its adjacent foundry, where kettles and hollow-ware were cast for southern troops, were attacked and burnt by three companies of the U.S. 8th Iowa Cavalry on March 31, 1865 ([[Wilson's Raid]]). The ruins remain today as one the best preserved 19th century iron furnace sites in the South.<ref>James R. Bennett, Tannehill and the Growth of the Alabama Iron Industry, Alabama Historic Ironworks Commission, Second Edition, 2005, 152-154.</ref>
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name=park>{{cite web |url=https://www.tannehillstatepark.org |title=Tannehill Ironworks Historical State Park |publisher=Alabama Historic Ironworks Commission |access-date=December 5, 2022}}</ref>


<ref name=nrhp>{{cite web|url=https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/72000182 |title=Tannehill Furnace |series=National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form |author=C.G. Summersell |author2=W.W. Floyd |date=June 5, 1972 |publisher=National Park Service |access-date=December 5, 2022}}</ref>
Also known as the Roupes Valley Iron Company, these works had significant influence on the later development of the [[Birmingham, Alabama|Birmingham]] iron and steel industry. An experiment conducted at Tannehill in 1862 proved red iron ore could successfully be used in Alabama blast furnaces. The test, promoted by South & North Railroad developers, led to the location of government-financed ironworks in the immediate Birmingham area (Jefferson County).<ref>Bennett, Tannehill and the Growth of the Alabama Iron Industry, 95-96.</ref>


<ref name=armes>{{cite book |first=Ethel |last=Armes |title=The Story of Coal and Iron in Alabama |series=Library Alabama Classics |publisher=University Alabama Press |date=2011 |page=158 |isbn= 978-0-8173-5682-8}}</ref>
The furnace remains, including reconstructed portions, are an [[American Society for Metals]] historical landmark<ref>[http://www.asminternational.org/Content/NavigationMenu/Membership/AwardsProgram/HistoricalLandmarks/Landmarks.htm ASM Historical Landmarks] - accessed August 2, 2007 {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> and have been designated as a [http://www.civilwar.org/CWDT/ Civil War Discovery Trail] site. The park attracted over 500,000 visitors in 2011.<ref>Alabama Department of Tourism and Travel, Montgomery, Alabama.</ref>


<ref name=bennett>{{cite book |first=James R. |last=Bennett |title=Tannehill and the Growth of the Alabama Iron Industry |publisher=Alabama Historic Ironworks Commission |date=1999 |pages=152–154 |isbn=0-9674455-0-7}}</ref>
==See also==
*[[Brierfield Furnace]]


<ref name=bennett95>Bennett, pp. 95-96.</ref>
== References ==
<references/>


<ref name=asm>{{cite web |url=http://www.asminternational.org/web/guest/membership/awards/historical-landmarks |title=ASM Historical Landmarks |publisher=ASM International |access-date=January 28, 2016}}</ref>
==External links==
* [http://www.tannehill.org/ Tannehill Ironworks Historical State Park] website
* [http://www.alaironworks.com/furnace/tannehill.htm Tannehill Furnaces] page in the Alabama Ironworks Source Book


<ref name=cwtrail>{{cite web |url=https://www.battlefields.org/visit/heritage-sites/tannehill-ironworks-historical-state-park |title=Tannehill Ironworks Historical State Park |work=Heritage Sites |publisher=American Battlefield Trust |access-date=December 5, 2022}}</ref>

<ref name=tourism>{{cite press release |url=http://tourism.alabama.gov/2017/02/u-s-space-rocket-center-alabamas-visited-tourism-attraction-2016/ |title=Top 10 Parks and Natural Destinations 2016 |author=Alabama Tourism Department |date=February 3, 2017 |access-date=February 8, 2017}}</ref>

<ref name=birding>{{cite web |url=https://alabamabirdingtrails.com/sites/tannehill-state-historical-park/ |title=Tannehill State Historical Park|work=Alabama Birding Trails |publisher=University of Alabama Center for Economic Development |access-date=February 8, 2017}}</ref>}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Tannehill Ironworks}}
* [https://www.tannehillstatepark.org Tannehill Ironworks Historical State Park] Alabama Historic Ironworks Commission
* {{HABS |survey=AL-276 |id=al0770 |title=Tannehill Furnace (Ruins), Mud Creek vicinity, Bucksville, Tuscaloosa County, AL |photos=7 |color= |dwgs= |data= |cap=}}
* {{HAER |survey=AL-122 |id=al1170 |title=Tannehill Furnace, 12632 Confederate Parkway, Tannehill Historical State Park, Bucksville, Tuscaloosa County, AL |photos=13 |color=1 |dwgs=2 |data=15 |cap=2}}
{{Protected areas of Alabama}}
{{National Register of Historic Places}}
{{National Register of Historic Places}}


{{authority control}}
[[Category:Buildings and structures completed in 1862]]

[[Category:Alabama state parks]]
[[Category:Ironworks and steel mills in the United States]]
[[Category:Industrial buildings completed in 1862]]
[[Category:State parks of Alabama]]
[[Category:Ironworks and steel mills in Alabama]]
[[Category:National Register of Historic Places in Tuscaloosa County, Alabama]]
[[Category:National Register of Historic Places in Tuscaloosa County, Alabama]]
[[Category:Economy of Alabama]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Alabama]]
[[Category:Alabama in the American Civil War]]
[[Category:Alabama in the American Civil War]]
[[Category:Protected areas of Tuscaloosa County, Alabama]]
[[Category:Protected areas of Tuscaloosa County, Alabama]]
[[Category:Protected areas established in 1969]]
[[Category:1969 establishments in Alabama]]
[[Category:Mountain biking venues in Alabama]]
[[Category:Museums in Tuscaloosa County, Alabama]]
[[Category:Museums in Tuscaloosa County, Alabama]]
[[Category:Wilson's Raid]]
[[Category:Industry museums in Alabama]]
[[Category:Industry museums in Alabama]]
[[Category:History museums in Alabama]]
[[Category:History museums in Alabama]]
[[Category:Industrial buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Alabama]]
[[Category:Industrial buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Alabama]]
[[Category:Blast furnaces in the United States]]
[[Category:1862 establishments in Alabama]]
[[Category:Historic American Buildings Survey in Alabama]]
[[Category:Historic American Engineering Record in Alabama]]
[[Category:American Civil War on the National Register of Historic Places]]

Latest revision as of 02:06, 17 September 2024

Tannehill Ironworks
Historical State Park
John Wesley Hall Grist Mill
Tannehill Ironworks Historical State Park is located in Alabama
Tannehill Ironworks Historical State Park
Tannehill Ironworks Historical State Park
Location in Alabama
LocationTuscaloosa County, Alabama, United States
Coordinates33°15′00″N 87°04′04″W / 33.25000°N 87.06778°W / 33.25000; -87.06778[1]
Area1,500 acres (610 ha)[2]
Elevation427 ft (130 m)[1]
Established1969 (opened 1971)[3]
Administered byAlabama Historic Ironworks Commission
DesignationAlabama state park
WebsiteOfficial website Edit this at Wikidata
Tannehill Furnace
LocationTuscaloosa County, Alabama, United States
Area66 acres (27 ha)
Built1859-62
Built byHillman, Daniel
NRHP reference No.72000182
Added to NRHPJuly 24, 1972

The Tannehill Ironworks is the central feature of Tannehill Ironworks Historical State Park near the unincorporated town of McCalla in Tuscaloosa County, Alabama.[2] Listed on the National Register of Historic Places as Tannehill Furnace, it was a major supplier of iron for Confederate ordnance.[3] Remains of the old furnaces are located 12 miles (19 km) south of Bessemer off Interstate 59/Interstate 20 near the southern end of the Appalachian Mountains. The 1,500-acre (610 ha) park includes: the John Wesley Hall Grist Mill; the May Plantation Cotton Gin House; and the Iron & Steel Museum of Alabama.[2]

History

[edit]

Ironmaking at the site began with construction of a bloomery forge by Daniel Hillman Sr. in 1830.[2] Built by noted southern ironmaster Moses Stroup from 1859 to 1862, the three charcoal blast furnaces at Tannehill could produce 22 tons of pig iron a day, most of which was shipped to the Naval Gun Works and Arsenal at Selma. Furnaces Nos. 2 and 3 were equipped with hot blast stoves and a steam engine. Brown iron ore mines were present two miles (3 km) distant.[4]

The Tannehill furnaces and its adjacent foundry, where kettles and hollow-ware were cast for southern troops, were attacked and burnt by three companies of the U.S. 8th Iowa Cavalry on March 31, 1865 during Wilson's Raid. The ruins remain today as one of the best preserved 19th-century iron furnace sites in the South.[5]

Also known as the Roupes Valley Iron Company, these works had significant influence on the later development of the Birmingham iron and steel industry. An experiment conducted at Tannehill in 1862 proved red iron ore could successfully be used in Alabama blast furnaces. The test, promoted by South & North Railroad developers, led to the location of government-financed ironworks in the immediate Birmingham area (Jefferson County).[6]

Listings

The furnace remains and its reconstructed portions were named an American Society for Metals historical landmark in 1994.[7] The park is an American Battlefield Trust Heritage Site,[8] a stop on the Alabama Appalachian Highlands Birding Trail,[9] and was listed among the top 10 Alabama parks and nature areas visited in 2016.[10]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Mill Creek". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
  2. ^ a b c d "Tannehill Ironworks Historical State Park". Alabama Historic Ironworks Commission. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
  3. ^ a b C.G. Summersell; W.W. Floyd (June 5, 1972). "Tannehill Furnace". National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form. National Park Service. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
  4. ^ Armes, Ethel (2011). The Story of Coal and Iron in Alabama. Library Alabama Classics. University Alabama Press. p. 158. ISBN 978-0-8173-5682-8.
  5. ^ Bennett, James R. (1999). Tannehill and the Growth of the Alabama Iron Industry. Alabama Historic Ironworks Commission. pp. 152–154. ISBN 0-9674455-0-7.
  6. ^ Bennett, pp. 95-96.
  7. ^ "ASM Historical Landmarks". ASM International. Retrieved January 28, 2016.
  8. ^ "Tannehill Ironworks Historical State Park". Heritage Sites. American Battlefield Trust. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
  9. ^ "Tannehill State Historical Park". Alabama Birding Trails. University of Alabama Center for Economic Development. Retrieved February 8, 2017.
  10. ^ Alabama Tourism Department (February 3, 2017). "Top 10 Parks and Natural Destinations 2016" (Press release). Retrieved February 8, 2017.
[edit]
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