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{{Short description|USSR anti-ballistic missile}}
{{Infobox Weapon
{{Infobox weapon
|name=53T6
|is_missile=mmks
|image=
|name=53T6 (ABM-3 ''Gazelle'')
|image=ABM Pushkino.jpg
|caption=
|caption=
|origin={{flag|Soviet Union}}
|origin=Soviet Union
|type= Short-range strategic [[Surface-to-air missile|SAM]]
|type=[[Anti-ballistic missile]]
|service= 1995 —
|service=Since 1995
|used_by={{flag|Russia}}
|used_by=Russia
|wars=
|wars=[[Cold War]]
|designer= [[NPO Novator]]
|designer=[[NPO Novator]] Design Bureau
|design_date=
|design_date=1978<ref name=mds/>
|manufacturer=
|manufacturer=
|unit_cost=
|unit_cost=
|production_date=
|production_date=1988<ref name=mds/>
|number=
|number= 68<ref name=mds/>
|variants= A modernized variant is in service as of July 2018{{cn|date=November 2020}}
|variants=
|weight=10,000  kg (22,000 lbs)
|length=12 m
|height=
|diameter=1.8 m<ref name="tonnel-ufo.ru">{{cite web |url=http://tonnel-ufo.ru/eanglish/weapon/prs-1-53t6-antimissile-missile-complex-and-a-135-rtts-181-cupid-5zh60.php |title=PRS-1/53T6 antimissile missile complex and A-135/RTTS-181 Cupid / 5ZH60 |publisher=Tonnel-ufo.ru |access-date=2018-08-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305001028/http://tonnel-ufo.ru/eanglish/weapon/prs-1-53t6-antimissile-missile-complex-and-a-135-rtts-181-cupid-5zh60.php |archive-date=2016-03-05 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://ausairpower.net/APA-Rus-ABM-Systems.html |title=Russian/Soviet Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems|last=O'Connor|first=Sean|date=12 December 2009|pages=1 |access-date=10 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151121053912/http://www.ausairpower.net/APA-Rus-ABM-Systems.html|archive-date=21 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="archive.org">{{cite web |url=http://military.tomsk.ru/blog/topic-350.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100908082208/http://military.tomsk.ru/blog/topic-350.html |archive-date=2010-09-08|title=Отечественная военная техника (после 1945г.) - Статьи - Система А-135 ракета 53Т6 - ABM-3 GAZELLE / SH-08|date=8 September 2010}}</ref>
|speed= {{convert|17|Mach|km/h mph}}
|engine=2-stage solid fuel
|vehicle_range=80–100 km<ref name="tonnel-ufo.ru"/><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://missilethreat.com/defense-systems/a-135-abm-3-gazelle/ |title=A-135 SAMOLET (SH-08/ABM-3 GAZELLE) |access-date=2015-06-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151029092739/http://missilethreat.com/defense-systems/a-135-abm-3-gazelle/ |archive-date=2015-10-29 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/russia/gazelle.htm|title=53T6 Gazelle|first=John|last=Pike|website=www.globalsecurity.org|access-date=2015-06-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150603130207/http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/russia/gazelle.htm|archive-date=2015-06-03|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/53t6.htm|title=53T6|website=www.astronautix.com|access-date=2015-06-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150711150204/http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/53t6.htm|archive-date=2015-07-11|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|ceiling=80–100 km
|filling= nuclear 10 [[TNT equivalent|kt]]
|launch_platform=silo<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ausairpower.net/APA-Rus-ABM-Systems.html#mozTocId700952|title=Russian/Soviet Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems|last=O'Connor|first=Sean|date=12 December 2009|pages=1 |access-date=10 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151121053912/http://www.ausairpower.net/APA-Rus-ABM-Systems.html#mozTocId700952|archive-date=21 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RK6W0OATveQ|title=Anti-ballistic missile 53T6 Gazelle Test mission Launch|last=53t6|date=25 September 2007|via=YouTube|access-date=10 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150914115236/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RK6W0OATveQ|archive-date=14 September 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
}}
}}
'''53T6''' ([[NATO reporting name]]: ''SH-08 Gazelle'') is a Russian [[anti-ballistic missile]] deployed at [[A-135 anti-ballistic missile system|A-135 ABM system]]. It was designed in early 1980s and put in service in 1995.


The '''53T6''' ([[NATO reporting name]]: ABM-3 ''Gazelle'', previously SH-08)<ref name=mds>[http://www.missilethreat.com/missiledefensesystems/id.22/system_detail.asp Gazelle (SH-08/ABM-3)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100809041441/http://www.missilethreat.com/missiledefensesystems/id.22/system_detail.asp |date=2010-08-09 }}.</ref> is a USSR [[anti-ballistic missile]]. Designed in 1978 and in service since 1995,<ref name=astro>[http://www.astronautix.com/a/a-135.html ''A-135''].</ref> it is a component of the [[A-135 anti-ballistic missile system]].
The missile is able to intercept incoming [[re-entry vehicle]]s at a distance of up to 80–100&nbsp;km. 53T6 is a two-staged [[solid-propellant]] missile armed with 10 Kt [[nuclear warhead]]. The missile has about 10 meters in length and 1 meter in diameter. Its launch weight is 10 tons.<ref>[http://www.missilethreat.com/missiledefensesystems/id.22/system_detail.asp Gazelle (SH-08/ABM-3)]</ref><ref>[http://pvo.guns.ru/abm/a135-01.htm СИСТЕМА ПРО А-135]</ref>


The missile is able to intercept incoming [[re-entry vehicle]]s at a distance of 80&nbsp;km. The 53T6 is a two-stage [[solid-propellant rocket]] armed with a 10&nbsp;kt [[thermonuclear weapon]]. (note: This is a [[neutron bomb]] that partially fissions the radioactive materials in the RV and prevents detonation of the hydrogen explosive. A neutron bomb is an enhanced fission implosion trigger that encounters a neutron emitter and is not correctly described as thermonuclear while the incoming hydrogen bomb it disables is a thermonuclear weapon.) The missile is about 10 meters in length and 1.8 meters in diameter. Its launch weight is 10 tons.<ref name=mds/><ref name="auto">[http://pvo.guns.ru/abm/a135-01.htm СИСТЕМА ПРО А-135] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110103101857/http://pvo.guns.ru/abm/a135-01.htm |date=2011-01-03 }}.</ref>
The 53T6 missile is kept in silo-based launch container. Prior to launch its cover is blown up. It takes missile 3 seconds to reach the speed of 5.5&nbsp;km/s at more than 100g [[acceleration]]. After 2 more seconds the missile reaches its combat height of 30&nbsp;km.


The 53T6 missile is kept in a silo-based launch container. Prior to launch its cover is blown off.
It was last tested in October, 2009.<ref>[http://www.argumenti.ru/army/2009/11/42201/ Успешное испытание ПРО России]</ref>

The missile achieves speeds of approximately {{convert|17|Mach|km/h mph km/s}}.<ref name="auto"/> The engine has very high [[specific impulse]], enabling acceleration from rest to Mach 16 within 3-4 seconds. Maximal load manoeuvre capability is 210&nbsp;[[g-force|''g'']] longitudinal and 90&nbsp;''g'' transverse.<ref name="archive.org"/>

==Radar support==
The ''Gazelle'' missile system is supported by the [[Don-2N radar|Don-2N]] ''Pill Box'' radar.


== See also ==
== See also ==
* [[Sprint (missile)]]
*[[List of missiles]]
*[[A-235 anti-ballistic missile system]]

===Related US missiles===
*[[Nike Zeus]]
*[[Sprint (missile)]]
*[[Spartan (missile)]]

===Treaties===
*[[Strategic Arms Limitation Talks]]
*[[Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty]]


== References ==
== References ==
Line 31: Line 57:


== External links ==
== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=slklsLsN7qs Video of test launching]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vBto1aVOQwE Video of test launching (This video is no longer available due to a copyright claim by XMD-TV)]
{{dmy}}

[[Category:Anti-ballistic missiles]]
{{USAF/DoD reporting names}}

[[Category:Missile defense]]
[[Category:Missile defense]]
⚫
[[Category:Surface-to-air missiles of Russia]]
[[Category:Cold War surface-to-air missiles of the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Cold War surface-to-air missiles of the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Cold War military equipment of the Soviet Union]]
⚫
[[Category:Surface-to-air missiles of the Soviet Union|53T6]]
[[Category:NPO Novator products]]
[[Category:Military equipment introduced in the 1990s]]

Latest revision as of 12:46, 17 September 2024

53T6 (ABM-3 Gazelle)
TypeAnti-ballistic missile
Place of originSoviet Union
Service history
In serviceSince 1995
Used byRussia
WarsCold War
Production history
DesignerNPO Novator Design Bureau
Designed1978[1]
Produced1988[1]
No. built68[1]
VariantsA modernized variant is in service as of July 2018[citation needed]
Specifications
Mass10,000  kg (22,000 lbs)
Length12 m
Diameter1.8 m[2][3][4]
Warheadnuclear 10 kt
Engine2-stage solid fuel
Operational
range
80–100 km[2][5][6][7]
Flight ceiling80–100 km
Maximum speed Mach 17 (20,800 km/h; 12,900 mph)
Launch
platform
silo[8][9]

The 53T6 (NATO reporting name: ABM-3 Gazelle, previously SH-08)[1] is a USSR anti-ballistic missile. Designed in 1978 and in service since 1995,[10] it is a component of the A-135 anti-ballistic missile system.

The missile is able to intercept incoming re-entry vehicles at a distance of 80 km. The 53T6 is a two-stage solid-propellant rocket armed with a 10 kt thermonuclear weapon. (note: This is a neutron bomb that partially fissions the radioactive materials in the RV and prevents detonation of the hydrogen explosive. A neutron bomb is an enhanced fission implosion trigger that encounters a neutron emitter and is not correctly described as thermonuclear while the incoming hydrogen bomb it disables is a thermonuclear weapon.) The missile is about 10 meters in length and 1.8 meters in diameter. Its launch weight is 10 tons.[1][11]

The 53T6 missile is kept in a silo-based launch container. Prior to launch its cover is blown off.

The missile achieves speeds of approximately Mach 17 (20,800 km/h; 12,900 mph; 5.78 km/s).[11] The engine has very high specific impulse, enabling acceleration from rest to Mach 16 within 3-4 seconds. Maximal load manoeuvre capability is 210 g longitudinal and 90 g transverse.[4]

Radar support

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The Gazelle missile system is supported by the Don-2N Pill Box radar.

See also

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Treaties

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e Gazelle (SH-08/ABM-3) Archived 2010-08-09 at the Wayback Machine.
  2. ^ a b "PRS-1/53T6 antimissile missile complex and A-135/RTTS-181 Cupid / 5ZH60". Tonnel-ufo.ru. Archived from the original on 2016-03-05. Retrieved 2018-08-22.
  3. ^ O'Connor, Sean (12 December 2009). "Russian/Soviet Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems". p. 1. Archived from the original on 21 November 2015. Retrieved 10 November 2015.
  4. ^ a b "Отечественная военная техника (после 1945г.) - Статьи - Система А-135 ракета 53Т6 - ABM-3 GAZELLE / SH-08". 8 September 2010. Archived from the original on 2010-09-08.
  5. ^ "A-135 SAMOLET (SH-08/ABM-3 GAZELLE)". Archived from the original on 2015-10-29. Retrieved 2015-06-09.
  6. ^ Pike, John. "53T6 Gazelle". www.globalsecurity.org. Archived from the original on 2015-06-03. Retrieved 2015-06-09.
  7. ^ "53T6". www.astronautix.com. Archived from the original on 2015-07-11. Retrieved 2015-06-09.
  8. ^ O'Connor, Sean (12 December 2009). "Russian/Soviet Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems". p. 1. Archived from the original on 21 November 2015. Retrieved 10 November 2015.
  9. ^ 53t6 (25 September 2007). "Anti-ballistic missile 53T6 Gazelle Test mission Launch". Archived from the original on 14 September 2015. Retrieved 10 November 2015 – via YouTube.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  10. ^ A-135.
  11. ^ a b СИСТЕМА ПРО А-135 Archived 2011-01-03 at the Wayback Machine.
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