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{{Short description|Herbig Ae/Be star in the constellation Chamaleon}}
{{Starbox begin
{{Starbox begin}}
| name=HD 97048}}
{{Starbox observe
{{Starbox observe
| epoch=J2000
| epoch = J2000
| constell = [[Chamaeleon]]
| ra= {{RA|11|08|03.32101}}<ref name=SIMBAD>SIMBAD, [http://simbak.cfa.harvard.edu/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=HD+97048&submit=SIMBAD+search HD 97048] (accessed 28 April 2015)</ref>
| dec={{DEC|−77|39|17.4822}}<ref name=SIMBAD/>
| ra = {{RA|11|08|03.3106}}<ref name="Gaia DR2"/>
| appmag_v=9.00<ref name=SIMBAD/>
| dec = {{DEC|−77|39|17.4912}}<ref name="Gaia DR2"/>
| appmag_v = 8.38 - 8.48<ref name=gcvs/>
| constell=[[Chamaeleon]] }}
}}
{{Starbox character
{{Starbox character
| type = [[Herbig Ae/Be star|Herbig Ae/Be]]<ref name=vanDerPlas2017/>
| class=A0pshe
| class = A0Vep<ref name=mk/>
| b-v=
| u-b=
| b-v =
| u-b =
| variable=None }}
| variable = [[Orion variable|INA]]<ref name=gcvs/>
}}
{{Starbox astrometry
{{Starbox astrometry
| radial_v=34.00±2.5
| radial_v = 34.00±2.5<ref name=rv/>
| prop_mo_ra=-18.64±0.72
| prop_mo_ra = {{val|−22.437|0.061}}<ref name="Gaia DR2"/>
| prop_mo_dec= 2.18±0.62
| prop_mo_dec = {{val|1.305|0.059}}<ref name="Gaia DR2"/>
| parallax=6.31
| parallax = 5.4105
| p_error=0.62
| p_error = 0.0388
| parallax_footnote = <ref name="Gaia DR2"/>
| parallax_footnote = <ref name="vanLeeuwen2007">{{cite journal | first=F. | last=van Leeuwen | title=Validation of the New Hipparcos Reduction | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=474 | issue=2 | pages=653–64 | date=2007 | bibcode=2007A&A...474..653V | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20078357 | arxiv=0708.1752}}</ref>
| absmag_v= 1.24}}
| absmag_v = +2.47<ref name=xhip/>
}}
{{Starbox detail
{{Starbox detail
| mass=2.5±0.2
| mass = 2.5<ref name=vanDerPlas2017/>
| radius=
| radius = 1.7<ref name=fairlamb/>
| luminosity=40
| luminosity = 33<ref name=fairlamb/>
| temperature=
| temperature = 10,500<ref name=fairlamb/>
| gravity = 4.30<ref name=fairlamb/>
| metal=
| rotation=
| metal =
| age= }}
| rotation =
| age_myr = 3<ref name=vanDerPlas2017/>
}}
{{Starbox catalog
{{Starbox catalog
| names = {{odlist | CD=−76 488 | HIP=54413 | SAO=256802 }}<ref name="Simbad"/>
| names=[[Durchmusterung|CD]]-76° 654, [[Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Star Catalog|SAO]] 256802, [[Hipparcos catalogue|HIP]] 54413. }}
}}
{{Starbox reference |
{{Starbox reference
Simbad=HD+97048 }}
| Simbad = HD+97048
}}
{{Starbox end}}
{{Starbox end}}


'''HD 97048''' or '''CU Chamaeleontis''' is a star in the constellation [[Chamaeleon]]. This young star has a substantial dust disk.
'''HD 97048''' or '''CU Chamaeleontis''' is a [[Herbig Ae/Be star]] {{val|603|ul=ly}} away in the constellation [[Chamaeleon]]. It is a [[variable star]] embedded in a dust cloud containing a [[stellar nursery]], and is itself surrounded by a [[dust disk]].

HD 97048 is a young star still contracting towards the [[main sequence]]. Its brightness varies between magnitudes 8.38 and 8.48 and it is classified as an [[Orion variable]].<ref name=gcvs/> It was given the [[variable star designation]] CU Chamaeleontis in 1981.<ref name=ibvs/> Its [[stellar spectrum|spectrum]] is also variable. The spectral class is usually given as A0 or B9, sometimes with a [[giant star|giant]] [[luminosity class]], sometimes main sequence. The spectrum shows strong variable [[emission line]]s indicative of a shell surrounding the star.<ref name=skiff/>

HD 97048 is a member of the Chamaeleon T1 [[stellar association]] and is still embedded within the dark [[molecular cloud]] that it is forming from. It illuminates a small [[reflection nebula]] against the dark cloud.<ref name=rydgren/>

==Planetary system==
This star has a substantial [[dust disk]] having a central cavity with a 40−46&nbsp;[[Astronomical Unit|AU]] radius<ref name=vanDerPlas2017/> The disk has a [[carbon monoxide]] gas velocity kink and intensity gap at 130 [[astronomical unit|AU]]s, which is suspected to be caused by a [[Super-Jupiter|superjovian]] planet.<ref name=Pinte2019/> In 2019, HCO<sup>+</sup> ion and [[Hydrogen cyanide]] emission was detected from the disk, suggesting a large amount of gas is orbiting beyond 200 [[astronomical unit|AU]] radius.<ref name=?/>
[[File:HD 97048 disk.png|left|thumb|Velocity kink for the CO gas and gap in the disk, showing the presence of a protoplanet]]
In the system a kink in the velocity of [[carbon monoxide]] gas (CO 3–2) as well as a gap in the dust emission of the disk are seen as evidence for a jovian [[protoplanet]]. The protoplanet is located at 130 au from the star and has a mass of about 2.5 Jupiter masses. It is one of the lowest mass protoplanets discovered as of 2023.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Pinte |first1=C. |last2=van der Plas |first2=G. |last3=Ménard |first3=F. |last4=Price |first4=D. J. |last5=Christiaens |first5=V. |last6=Hill |first6=T. |last7=Mentiplay |first7=D. |last8=Ginski |first8=C. |last9=Choquet |first9=E. |last10=Boehler |first10=Y. |last11=Duchêne |first11=G. |last12=Perez |first12=S. |last13=Casassus |first13=S. |date=2019-08-01 |title=Kinematic detection of a planet carving a gap in a protoplanetary disk |url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019NatAs...3.1109P |journal=Nature Astronomy |volume=3 |issue=12 |pages=1109–1114 |doi=10.1038/s41550-019-0852-6 |arxiv=1907.02538 |bibcode=2019NatAs...3.1109P |s2cid=195820690 |issn=2397-3366}}</ref>

{{OrbitboxPlanet begin
| name = HD 97048
| table_ref = <ref name=vanDerPlas2017/><ref name=Pinte2019/>
| period_unit = <!--Unit for orbital period, defaults to "day" (should be singular form)-->
}}
{{OrbitboxPlanet disk
| disk = protoplanetary disk
| periapsis = 40
| apoapsis = 850
| inclination = 40
}}
{{Orbitbox planet|exoplanet=b|mass={{val|2.5|0.5}}|semimajor=130|inclination=40}}{{Orbitbox end}}


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist|refs=

<ref name=?>{{cite journal |arxiv=1907.08060 |doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201834388 |title=First detections of H13CO+ and HC15N in the disk around HD 97048 |year=2019 |last1=Booth |first1=Alice S. |last2=Walsh |first2=Catherine |last3=Ilee |first3=John D. |journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics |volume=629 |pages=A75 |s2cid=197544948 }}</ref>

<ref name=Pinte2019>{{cite journal |arxiv=1907.02538 |doi=10.1038/s41550-019-0852-6 |title=Kinematic detection of a planet carving a gap in a protoplanetary disk |year=2019 |last1=Pinte |first1=C. |last2=Van Der Plas |first2=G. |last3=Ménard |first3=F. |last4=Price |first4=D. J. |last5=Christiaens |first5=V. |last6=Hill |first6=T. |last7=Mentiplay |first7=D. |last8=Ginski |first8=C. |last9=Choquet |first9=E. |last10=Boehler |first10=Y. |last11=Duchêne |first11=G. |last12=Perez |first12=S. |last13=Casassus |first13=S. |journal=Nature Astronomy |volume=3 |issue=12 |pages=1109–1114 |bibcode=2019NatAs...3.1109P |s2cid=195820690 }}</ref>

<ref name="Gaia DR2">{{Cite Gaia DR2|5201128124701636864}}</ref>

<ref name="Simbad">{{cite simbad | title=HD 97048 | access-date=2019-01-23 }}</ref>

<ref name=fairlamb>{{cite journal|bibcode=2015MNRAS.453..976F|title=A spectroscopic survey of Herbig Ae/Be stars with X-shooter - I. Stellar parameters and accretion rates|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society|volume=453|issue=1|pages=976|last1=Fairlamb|first1=J. R.|last2=Oudmaijer|first2=R. D.|last3=Mendigutía|first3=I.|last4=Ilee|first4=J. D.|last5=Van Den Ancker|first5=M. E.|year=2015|doi=10.1093/mnras/stv1576|doi-access=free |arxiv=1507.05967|s2cid=55938596}}</ref>

<ref name=skiff>{{cite journal|bibcode=2014yCat....1.2023S|title=VizieR Online Data Catalog: Catalogue of Stellar Spectral Classifications (Skiff, 2009-2014)|journal=VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/Mk. Originally Published in: Lowell Observatory (October 2014)|volume=1|last1=Skiff|first1=B. A.|year=2014}}</ref>

<ref name=rv>{{Cite journal | doi=10.1134/S1063773706110065 | bibcode=2006AstL...32..759G| title=Pulkovo Compilation of Radial Velocities for 35 495 Hipparcos stars in a common system| journal=Astronomy Letters| volume=32| issue=11| pages=759–771| year=2006| last1=Gontcharov| first1=G. A.|arxiv = 1606.08053 | s2cid=119231169}}</ref>

<ref name=ibvs>{{cite journal|bibcode=1981IBVS.1921....1K |title=65th Name-List of Variable Stars |journal=Information Bulletin on Variable Stars |volume=1921 |pages=1 |last1=Kholopov |first1=P. N. |last2=Samus' |first2=N. N. |last3=Kukarkina |first3=N. P. |last4=Medvedeva |first4=G. I. |last5=Perova |first5=N. B. |year=1981 }}</ref>

<ref name=rydgren>{{cite journal|doi=10.1086/112694|title=Observations of young stars in the association Chamaeleon T1|journal=The Astronomical Journal|volume=85|pages=444|year=1980|last1=Rydgren|first1=A. E.|bibcode=1980AJ.....85..444R|doi-access=}}</ref>

<ref name=vanDerPlas2017>{{cite journal
| title=Cavity and other radial substructures in the disk around HD 97048
| last1=van der Plas | first1=G. | last2=Wright | first2=C. M.
| last3=Ménard | first3=F. | last4=Casassus | first4=S.
| last5=Canovas | first5=H. | last6=Pinte | first6=C.
| last7=Maddison | first7=S. T. | last8=Maaskant | first8=K.
| last9=Avenhaus | first9=H. | last10=Cieza | first10=L.
| last11=Perez | first11=S. | last12=Ubach | first12=C.
| journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics | display-authors=1
| volume=597 | id=A32 | pages=19 | date=January 2017 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201629523 | bibcode=2017A&A...597A..32V |arxiv = 1609.02488 | s2cid=54495153 }}</ref>

<ref name=gcvs>{{cite journal|bibcode=2009yCat....102025S|title=VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)|journal=VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S|volume=1|display-authors=etal|last1=Samus|first1=N. N.|last2=Durlevich|first2=O. V.|year=2009}}</ref>

<ref name=mk>{{cite journal|bibcode=1977PASP...89..347I|title=Spectral changes in the pre-main-sequence star HD 97048|journal=Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific|volume=89|pages=347|last1=Irvine|first1=N. J.|last2=Houk|first2=N.|year=1977|doi=10.1086/130131|doi-access=free}}</ref>

<ref name=xhip>{{cite journal
| title=XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation
| last1=Anderson | first1=E. | last2=Francis | first2=Ch.
| journal=Astronomy Letters
| volume=38 | issue=5 | pages=331 | year=2012
| bibcode=2012AstL...38..331A | doi=10.1134/S1063773712050015
| arxiv=1108.4971 | s2cid=119257644 }}</ref>
}}


{{Stars of Chamaeleon}}
{{Stars of Chamaeleon}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:HD 97048}}
[[Category:Chamaeleon (constellation)]]
[[Category:Circumstellar disks|PSR B0329+54]]
[[Category:Chamaeleon]]
[[Category:Circumstellar disks]]
[[Category:Henry Draper Catalogue objects|097048]]
[[Category:Henry Draper Catalogue objects|097048]]
[[Category:Objects named with variable star designations|Chamaeleonis, CU]]
[[Category:Objects with variable star designations|Chamaeleontis, CU]]
[[Category:Hipparcos objects|054413]]

[[Category:Durchmusterung objects|CD-76 488]]
{{var-star-stub}}
[[Category:Herbig Ae/Be stars]]
[[Category:Hypothetical planetary systems]]

Latest revision as of 07:14, 21 September 2024

HD 97048
Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation Chamaeleon
Right ascension 11h 08m 03.3106s[1]
Declination −77° 39′ 17.4912″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) 8.38 - 8.48[2]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage Herbig Ae/Be[3]
Spectral type A0Vep[4]
Variable type INA[2]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)34.00±2.5[5] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: −22.437±0.061[1] mas/yr
Dec.: 1.305±0.059[1] mas/yr
Parallax (π)5.4105 ± 0.0388 mas[1]
Distance603 ± 4 ly
(185 ± 1 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)+2.47[6]
Details
Mass2.5[3] M☉
Radius1.7[7] R☉
Luminosity33[7] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.30[7] cgs
Temperature10,500[7] K
Age3[3] Myr
Other designations
CD−76 488, HIP 54413, SAO 256802[8]
Database references
SIMBADdata

HD 97048 or CU Chamaeleontis is a Herbig Ae/Be star 603 ly away in the constellation Chamaeleon. It is a variable star embedded in a dust cloud containing a stellar nursery, and is itself surrounded by a dust disk.

HD 97048 is a young star still contracting towards the main sequence. Its brightness varies between magnitudes 8.38 and 8.48 and it is classified as an Orion variable.[2] It was given the variable star designation CU Chamaeleontis in 1981.[9] Its spectrum is also variable. The spectral class is usually given as A0 or B9, sometimes with a giant luminosity class, sometimes main sequence. The spectrum shows strong variable emission lines indicative of a shell surrounding the star.[10]

HD 97048 is a member of the Chamaeleon T1 stellar association and is still embedded within the dark molecular cloud that it is forming from. It illuminates a small reflection nebula against the dark cloud.[11]

Planetary system

[edit]

This star has a substantial dust disk having a central cavity with a 40−46 AU radius[3] The disk has a carbon monoxide gas velocity kink and intensity gap at 130 AUs, which is suspected to be caused by a superjovian planet.[12] In 2019, HCO+ ion and Hydrogen cyanide emission was detected from the disk, suggesting a large amount of gas is orbiting beyond 200 AU radius.[13]

Velocity kink for the CO gas and gap in the disk, showing the presence of a protoplanet

In the system a kink in the velocity of carbon monoxide gas (CO 3–2) as well as a gap in the dust emission of the disk are seen as evidence for a jovian protoplanet. The protoplanet is located at 130 au from the star and has a mass of about 2.5 Jupiter masses. It is one of the lowest mass protoplanets discovered as of 2023.[14]

The HD 97048 planetary system[3][12]
Companion
(in order from star) 		Mass Semimajor axis
(AU) 		Orbital period
([[]]s) 		Eccentricity Inclination Radius
protoplanetary disk 40–850 AU 40° —
b 2.5±0.5 MJ 130 — — 40° —

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  2. ^ a b c Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; et al. (2009). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 1. Bibcode:2009yCat....102025S.
  3. ^ a b c d e van der Plas, G.; et al. (January 2017). "Cavity and other radial substructures in the disk around HD 97048". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 597: 19. arXiv:1609.02488. Bibcode:2017A&A...597A..32V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629523. S2CID 54495153. A32.
  4. ^ Irvine, N. J.; Houk, N. (1977). "Spectral changes in the pre-main-sequence star HD 97048". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 89: 347. Bibcode:1977PASP...89..347I. doi:10.1086/130131.
  5. ^ Gontcharov, G. A. (2006). "Pulkovo Compilation of Radial Velocities for 35 495 Hipparcos stars in a common system". Astronomy Letters. 32 (11): 759–771. arXiv:1606.08053. Bibcode:2006AstL...32..759G. doi:10.1134/S1063773706110065. S2CID 119231169.
  6. ^ Anderson, E.; Francis, Ch. (2012). "XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation". Astronomy Letters. 38 (5): 331. arXiv:1108.4971. Bibcode:2012AstL...38..331A. doi:10.1134/S1063773712050015. S2CID 119257644.
  7. ^ a b c d Fairlamb, J. R.; Oudmaijer, R. D.; Mendigutía, I.; Ilee, J. D.; Van Den Ancker, M. E. (2015). "A spectroscopic survey of Herbig Ae/Be stars with X-shooter - I. Stellar parameters and accretion rates". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 453 (1): 976. arXiv:1507.05967. Bibcode:2015MNRAS.453..976F. doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1576. S2CID 55938596.
  8. ^ "HD 97048". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
  9. ^ Kholopov, P. N.; Samus', N. N.; Kukarkina, N. P.; Medvedeva, G. I.; Perova, N. B. (1981). "65th Name-List of Variable Stars". Information Bulletin on Variable Stars. 1921: 1. Bibcode:1981IBVS.1921....1K.
  10. ^ Skiff, B. A. (2014). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: Catalogue of Stellar Spectral Classifications (Skiff, 2009-2014)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/Mk. Originally Published in: Lowell Observatory (October 2014). 1. Bibcode:2014yCat....1.2023S.
  11. ^ Rydgren, A. E. (1980). "Observations of young stars in the association Chamaeleon T1". The Astronomical Journal. 85: 444. Bibcode:1980AJ.....85..444R. doi:10.1086/112694.
  12. ^ a b Pinte, C.; Van Der Plas, G.; Ménard, F.; Price, D. J.; Christiaens, V.; Hill, T.; Mentiplay, D.; Ginski, C.; Choquet, E.; Boehler, Y.; Duchêne, G.; Perez, S.; Casassus, S. (2019). "Kinematic detection of a planet carving a gap in a protoplanetary disk". Nature Astronomy. 3 (12): 1109–1114. arXiv:1907.02538. Bibcode:2019NatAs...3.1109P. doi:10.1038/s41550-019-0852-6. S2CID 195820690.
  13. ^ Booth, Alice S.; Walsh, Catherine; Ilee, John D. (2019). "First detections of H13CO+ and HC15N in the disk around HD 97048". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 629: A75. arXiv:1907.08060. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201834388. S2CID 197544948.
  14. ^ Pinte, C.; van der Plas, G.; Ménard, F.; Price, D. J.; Christiaens, V.; Hill, T.; Mentiplay, D.; Ginski, C.; Choquet, E.; Boehler, Y.; Duchêne, G.; Perez, S.; Casassus, S. (2019-08-01). "Kinematic detection of a planet carving a gap in a protoplanetary disk". Nature Astronomy. 3 (12): 1109–1114. arXiv:1907.02538. Bibcode:2019NatAs...3.1109P. doi:10.1038/s41550-019-0852-6. ISSN 2397-3366. S2CID 195820690.
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