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{{short description|Subclass of mammals}}
{{Short description|Clade of mammals}}
⚫
{{Automatic taxobox
{{More citations needed|date=December 2016}}
| fossil_range = {{Geological range/linked|Middle Jurassic|Recent}}
⚫
{{automatic taxobox
| image = Ptilodus skull.jpg
| fossil_range = [[Late Triassic]] - [[Holocene]], {{fossilrange|220|0}}
| image_caption = Skull of the [[multituberculate]] ''[[Ptilodus]]'' ([[Allotheria]])
| image =
| image2 = Maotherium.jpg
| image_caption =
| image2_caption = Skeleton of ''[[Maotherium]]'' ([[Trechnotheria]])
| taxon = Theriiformes
| taxon = Theriiformes
| authority = Rowe, 1988
| authority = [[Malcolm McKenna|McKenna]] & [[Susan Bell (biologist)|Bell]], 1997
| subdivision_ranks = Infraclasses
| subdivision_ranks = Subgroups
| subdivision =
| subdivision = * {{extinct}}[[Allotheria]]
* [[Holotheria]]
* {{extinct}}[[Tinodontidae]]
* [[Trechnotheria]]
* {{extinct}}[[Allotheria]]
}}
}}


'''Theriiformes''' is a clade of [[mammal]]s. The term was coined by Timothy B. Rowe in his doctoral [[dissertation]],<ref name="Rowe1988" /> and is defined as the clade formed by the most recent common ancestor of [[multituberculate]]s (which form part of the broader group [[Allotheria]], along with [[Gondwanatheria]] and likely all/part of [[Haramiyida]]) and [[Theria]] (the group containing [[marsupial]]s and [[Placentalia|placentals]]).<ref>{{Cite book |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110341553 |title=Mammalian Evolution, Diversity and Systematics |date=2018-10-22 |publisher=De Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-034155-3 |editor-last=Zachos |editor-first=Frank |editor-last2=Asher |editor-first2=Robert}}</ref> Mammals more closely related to therians than to multituberculates are included in the clade [[Trechnotheria]].<ref name="Macrini2007" /> As multituberculates are usually considered more closely related to therians than [[monotreme]]s are, it is considered to be a subgroup of the mammalian [[crown group]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Macrini |first=Thomas E. |last2=Rougier |first2=Guillermo W. |last3=Rowe |first3=Timothy |date=July 2007 |title=Description of a Cranial Endocast from the Fossil MammalVincelestes neuquenianus (Theriiformes) and its Relevance to the Evolution of Endocranial Characters in Therians |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ar.20551 |journal=The Anatomical Record: Advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology |language=en |volume=290 |issue=7 |pages=875–892 |doi=10.1002/ar.20551}}</ref>
'''Theriiformes''' is a subclass of [[mammal]]s. The term was coined in 1997 by McKenna & Bell in their classification of mammals.<ref name="McBell">{{cite book|last1=McKenna|first1=Malcolm|last2=Bell|first2=Susan|title=Classification of Mammals Above the species Level|date=March 15, 1997|publisher=Columbia University Press|location=New York City|isbn=978-0231110129|edition=first|language=English|format=Hardback}}</ref> In the strict sense, it is defined as all mammals more closely related to [[theria]]ns than to [[monotreme]]s.


The cladogram below follows Luo ''et al.'' (2016):<ref name="Luo2016" />
{{clade|{{clade

|1=†[[Morganucodontidae]]
{{Clade|style=font-size:85%; line-height:85%
⚫
|label2=[[Mammalia]]&nbsp;
|label1=[[Mammal]]ia
⚫
|2={{clade
|1={{Clade
|1=[[Yinotheria]]→[[Monotremata]]
|1=[[Australosphenida]]
⚫
|label2=Theriiformes
⚫
|label2=[[Theriimorpha]]
⚫
|2={{clade
⚫
|2={{Clade
⚫
|1=†[[Allotheria]]→†[[Multituberculata]]
|label2=[[Holotheria]]
|1=''[[Fruitafossor]]''
|2={{clade
|2={{Clade
|1=†[[Kuehneotheria]]
|1=[[Eutriconodonta]]
⚫
|label2='''Theriiformes'''
⚫
|2={{Clade
⚫
|1={{Clade
⚫
|1=[[Gondwanatheria]]
⚫
|2=[[Multituberculata]]
⚫
}}
|label2=[[Trechnotheria]]
|label2=[[Trechnotheria]]
|2={{clade
|2={{Clade
|1=†[[Zhangheotherium]] †("[[Symmetrodonta]]")
|1=[[Spalacotherioidea]]
|label2=&nbsp;[[Cladotheria]]&nbsp;
|label2=[[Cladotheria]]
|2={{clade
|2={{Clade
|1=†[[Dryolestoidea]]
|1=[[Dryolestoidea]]
|label2=&nbsp;[[Zatheria]]&nbsp;
|2=[[Theria]]
}} }} }} }} }} }} }}
⚫
|2={{clade
⚫
|1=†[[Peramura]]
|label2=[[Tribosphenida]]
⚫
|2={{clade
|1=†[[Aegialodontia]]
|label2=&nbsp;[[Theria]]&nbsp;
|2={{clade
|1=[[Metatheria]]→[[Marsupialia]]
|2=[[Eutheria]]→[[Placentalia]]}}
}} }} }} }} }} }} }} }}|style=font-size:85%;line-height:85%|label1=[[Mammaliaformes]]&nbsp;}}


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="Luo2016">{{cite book |last1=Luo |first1=Zhe-Xi |last2=Schultz |first2=Julia A. |last3=Ekdale |first3=Eric G. |chapter=Evolution of the Middle and Inner Ears of Mammaliaforms: The Approach to Mammals |editor1-last=Clack |editor1-first=Jennifer A. |editor2-last=Fay |editor2-first=Richard R. |editor3-last=Popper |editor3-first=Arthur N. |title=Evolution of the Vertebrate Ear |date=2016 |volume=59 |pages=139–174 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-46661-3_6 |chapter-url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311839173_Evolution_of_the_Middle_and_Inner_Ears_of_Mammaliaforms_The_Approach_to_Mammals}}</ref>
<ref name="Macrini2007">{{cite journal |last1=Macrini |first1=T. E. |last2=Rougier |first2=G. W. |last3=Rowe |first3=T. |title=Description of a Cranial Endocast from the Fossil Mammal ''Vincelestes neuquenianus'' (Theriiformes) and its Relevance to the Evolution of Endocranial Characters in Therians |journal=The Anatomical Record: Advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology |date=2007 |volume=290 |issue=7 |pages=875–892 |doi=10.1002/ar.20551}}</ref>
<ref name="Rowe1988">{{cite journal |last1=Rowe |first1=T. |title=Definition, diagnosis, and origin of Mammalia |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |date=1988 |volume=8 |issue=3 |pages=241–264 |doi=10.1080/02724634.1988.10011708 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/241730711_Definition_diagnosis_and_origin_of_Mammalia}}</ref>
}}


{{Mammaliaformes|T.}}
{{Mammaliaformes|T.}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q2513125}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q2513125}}


[[Category:Mammal taxonomy]]
[[Category:Theriiformes| ]]
[[Category:Vertebrate subclasses]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Timothy B. Rowe]]
[[Category:Theriimorpha]]



{{mammal-stub}}
{{mammal-stub}}

Latest revision as of 19:18, 21 September 2024

Theriiformes
Temporal range: Middle Jurassic–Recent
Skull of the multituberculate Ptilodus (Allotheria)
Skeleton of Maotherium (Trechnotheria)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Clade: Theriimorpha
Clade: Theriiformes
Rowe, 1988
Subgroups

Theriiformes is a clade of mammals. The term was coined by Timothy B. Rowe in his doctoral dissertation,[1] and is defined as the clade formed by the most recent common ancestor of multituberculates (which form part of the broader group Allotheria, along with Gondwanatheria and likely all/part of Haramiyida) and Theria (the group containing marsupials and placentals).[2] Mammals more closely related to therians than to multituberculates are included in the clade Trechnotheria.[3] As multituberculates are usually considered more closely related to therians than monotremes are, it is considered to be a subgroup of the mammalian crown group.[4]

The cladogram below follows Luo et al. (2016):[5]

Mammalia

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Rowe, T. (1988). "Definition, diagnosis, and origin of Mammalia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 8 (3): 241–264. doi:10.1080/02724634.1988.10011708.
  2. ^ Zachos, Frank; Asher, Robert, eds. (2018-10-22). Mammalian Evolution, Diversity and Systematics. De Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-034155-3.
  3. ^ Macrini, T. E.; Rougier, G. W.; Rowe, T. (2007). "Description of a Cranial Endocast from the Fossil Mammal Vincelestes neuquenianus (Theriiformes) and its Relevance to the Evolution of Endocranial Characters in Therians". The Anatomical Record: Advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology. 290 (7): 875–892. doi:10.1002/ar.20551.
  4. ^ Macrini, Thomas E.; Rougier, Guillermo W.; Rowe, Timothy (July 2007). "Description of a Cranial Endocast from the Fossil MammalVincelestes neuquenianus (Theriiformes) and its Relevance to the Evolution of Endocranial Characters in Therians". The Anatomical Record: Advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology. 290 (7): 875–892. doi:10.1002/ar.20551.
  5. ^ Luo, Zhe-Xi; Schultz, Julia A.; Ekdale, Eric G. (2016). "Evolution of the Middle and Inner Ears of Mammaliaforms: The Approach to Mammals". In Clack, Jennifer A.; Fay, Richard R.; Popper, Arthur N. (eds.). Evolution of the Vertebrate Ear. Vol. 59. pp. 139–174. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-46661-3_6.
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