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{{short description|French Neoclassical painter and engraver (1735–1813)}}
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[[image:Prise de la Bastille.jpg|thumb|250px|''Prise de la Bastille'' (1789)]]
{{One source|date=October 2018}}
{{Infobox person
| image = Jean-Pierre Houël, by François-André Vincent.jpg
| caption = Portrait of Houël by [[François-André Vincent]]
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1735|6|28|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Rouen]], [[Kingdom of France]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1813|11|14|1735|6|28|df=y}}
| death_place = France
| death_cause =
| other_names =
| known_for =
| education =
| employer =
| occupation = [[Neoclassicism|Neoclassical]] painter
| title =
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| successor =
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| footnotes =
| nationality = [[France|French]]
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}}


'''Jean-Pierre-Louis-Laurent Houël''' (28 June 1735 – 14 November 1813) was a French painter, engraver and draftsman. During his long life Houël witnessed the reign of [[Louis XV of France|Louis XV]], the [[French Revolution]], and the period of [[Napoleon's First Empire]].
'''Jean-Pierre-Louis-Laurent Houël''' (28 June 1735 – 14 November 1813)<ref name=Conisbee>Conisbee 1996.</ref> was a French painter, engraver and draftsman. During his long life, Houël witnessed the reign of [[Louis XV of France|Louis XV]], the [[French Revolution]], and the period of [[Napoleon's First Empire]].


==Biography==
==Biography==
He was born at [[Dalfsen]] into a family of prosperous artisans, who sent him to the city's drawing academy when he was fifteen.
He was born at [[Rouen]] into a family of prosperous artisans, who sent him to the city's drawing academy when he was fifteen.<ref name=Conisbee/>


Here he was exposed to the art of early Dutch and [[Flemish painting|Flemish painters]], which was to have a defining impact on his chosen specialty of landscape painting. In 1758 Houël published a book of landscape [[engraving]]s, and in 1768 he painted six views of the [[Étienne François, duc de Choiseul|Duc de Choiseul]]'s property. The following year his influential patrons secured a place for him at the French Academy in Rome. Here, captivated with Italian customs, landscapes, and ancient sites, he traveled throughout southern [[Italy]], making [[gouache]] drawings that were extolled at Paris Salons of the early 1770s.
Here he was exposed to the art of early Dutch and [[Flemish painting|Flemish painters]], which was to have a defining impact on his chosen specialty of landscape painting.{{Citation needed|date=October 2018}} In 1758 Houël published a book of landscape [[engraving]]s, and in 1768 he painted six views of the [[Étienne François, duc de Choiseul|Duc de Choiseul]]'s country estate, the [[Château de Chanteloup]].<ref name=Conisbee/> The following year his influential patrons secured a place for him at the [[French Academy in Rome]]. Here, captivated with Italian customs, landscapes, and ancient sites, he traveled throughout southern [[Italy]], making [[gouache]] drawings, which he presented at the Paris Salons of the early 1770s, exhibits that drew the attention of a wide public.<ref name=Conisbee/>


He spent the years 1776 to 1779 traveling in [[Sicily]], [[Lipari]], and [[Malta]], after which he published numerous lavishly illustrated [[travel book]]s based on his journey. Houël's main intention was to illustrate local topography, but his delicate applications of [[watercolor]] also magnificently captured the effects of light and atmosphere. In his later years Houël published two illustrated treatises on elephants. Drawings of other animals suggest he was preparing to publish further zoological works; however, his death at the age of seventy-eight cut short his plans.
He spent the years 1776 to 1779 traveling in [[Sicily]], [[Lipari]], and [[Malta]], after which, based on his journey, he published a series of four volumes of lavishly illustrated [[travel literature|travel books]] (1782–1787). Houël's main intention was to illustrate local topography, but his delicate applications of [[watercolor]] also magnificently captured the effects of light and atmosphere. To help finance these projects, he sold his preliminary drawings in Paris in 1780. [[Louis XVI]] purchased 46, and [[Catherine II of Russia]], more than 500, of which 260 are preserved at the [[Hermitage Museum]] in St. Petersburg.<ref name=Conisbee/>

In his later years, Houël published two illustrated treatises on elephants. Drawings of other animals suggest he was preparing to publish further zoological works; however, his death at the age of seventy-eight cut short his plans.<ref name=Conisbee/>

<gallery mode="packed" heights="250">
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image:Prise de la Bastille.jpg|''Prise de la Bastille'' (1789)
File:Houel- Vue du château de Chanteloup prise de la cascade – Musée des Beaux Arts, Tours.jpg|View of the [[Château de Chanteloup]] from the south
</gallery>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Sources==
* Conisbee, Philip (1996). "Hoüel, Jean-Pierre-Louis-Laurent", vol. 14, p.&nbsp;799, in ''[[The Dictionary of Art]]'', edited by Jane Turner, reprinted with minor corrections in 1998. New York: Grove. {{ISBN|9781884446009}}. Also at [http://www.oxfordartonline.com/groveart/view/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.001.0001/oao-9781884446054-e-7000039085 Oxford Art Online] (subscription required).


{{Commons category|Jean-Pierre Houël}}
{{Commons category|Jean-Pierre Houël}}


{{Authority control (arts)}}
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->

| NAME = Houel, Jean-Pierre-Louis-Laurent
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH = 28 June 1735
| PLACE OF BIRTH = Dalfsen
| DATE OF DEATH = 14 November 1813
| PLACE OF DEATH = Dalfsen
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}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Houel, Jean-Pierre-Louis-Laurent}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Houel, Jean-Pierre-Louis-Laurent}}
[[Category:1735 births]]
[[Category:1735 births]]
[[Category:1813 deaths]]
[[Category:1813 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Rouen]]
[[Category:Artists from Rouen]]
[[Category:French painters]]
[[Category:18th-century French painters]]
[[Category:French male painters]]

[[Category:19th-century French painters]]
[[fr:Jean-Pierre Houël]]
[[Category:French draughtsmen]]
[[it:Jean-Pierre Houël]]
[[Category:19th-century French male artists]]
[[pt:Jean-Pierre Houël]]
[[Category:18th-century French male artists]]
[[scn:Jean-Pierre Houël]]
[[sv:Jean-Pierre Houël]]

Latest revision as of 17:44, 22 September 2024

Jean-Pierre Houël
Portrait of Houël by François-André Vincent
Born(1735-06-28)28 June 1735
Rouen, Kingdom of France
Died14 November 1813(1813-11-14) (aged 78)
France
NationalityFrench
OccupationNeoclassical painter

Jean-Pierre-Louis-Laurent Houël (28 June 1735 – 14 November 1813)[1] was a French painter, engraver and draftsman. During his long life, Houël witnessed the reign of Louis XV, the French Revolution, and the period of Napoleon's First Empire.

Biography

[edit]

He was born at Rouen into a family of prosperous artisans, who sent him to the city's drawing academy when he was fifteen.[1]

Here he was exposed to the art of early Dutch and Flemish painters, which was to have a defining impact on his chosen specialty of landscape painting.[citation needed] In 1758 Houël published a book of landscape engravings, and in 1768 he painted six views of the Duc de Choiseul's country estate, the Château de Chanteloup.[1] The following year his influential patrons secured a place for him at the French Academy in Rome. Here, captivated with Italian customs, landscapes, and ancient sites, he traveled throughout southern Italy, making gouache drawings, which he presented at the Paris Salons of the early 1770s, exhibits that drew the attention of a wide public.[1]

He spent the years 1776 to 1779 traveling in Sicily, Lipari, and Malta, after which, based on his journey, he published a series of four volumes of lavishly illustrated travel books (1782–1787). Houël's main intention was to illustrate local topography, but his delicate applications of watercolor also magnificently captured the effects of light and atmosphere. To help finance these projects, he sold his preliminary drawings in Paris in 1780. Louis XVI purchased 46, and Catherine II of Russia, more than 500, of which 260 are preserved at the Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg.[1]

In his later years, Houël published two illustrated treatises on elephants. Drawings of other animals suggest he was preparing to publish further zoological works; however, his death at the age of seventy-eight cut short his plans.[1]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f Conisbee 1996.

Sources

[edit]
  • Conisbee, Philip (1996). "Hoüel, Jean-Pierre-Louis-Laurent", vol. 14, p. 799, in The Dictionary of Art, edited by Jane Turner, reprinted with minor corrections in 1998. New York: Grove. ISBN 9781884446009. Also at Oxford Art Online (subscription required).
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