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Pinckney, Michigan: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 42°27′26″N 83°56′41″W / 42.45722°N 83.94472°W / 42.45722; -83.94472
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{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
|name = Pinckney, Michigan
|name = Pinckney, Michigan
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|image_seal =
|image_seal =


|pushpin_map =Michigan
|pushpin_map = Michigan
|pushpin_label_position =left<!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
|pushpin_label_position = left<!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
|pushpin_label =Pinckney
|pushpin_label = Pinckney
|pushpin_map_caption =Location within the state of Michigan
|pushpin_map_caption = Location within the state of Michigan
|pushpin_mapsize =
|pushpin_mapsize =
|image_map = Pinckney, MI location.png
|image_map = Pinckney, MI location.png
|mapsize = 250
|mapsize = 250
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|leader_name = Linda Lavey
|leader_name = Linda Lavey
|leader_title1 = [[Municipal clerk|Clerk]]
|leader_title1 = [[Municipal clerk|Clerk]]
|leader_name1 = Jill Chapman
|leader_name1 = Andrea Piotrowski McCall


|area_footnotes = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2016">{{cite web|title=2017 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2017_Gazetteer/2017_gaz_place_26.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=Jan 3, 2019}}</ref>
|area_footnotes = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_26.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=May 21, 2022}}</ref>
|area_magnitude =
|area_magnitude =
|area_total_km2 = 4.33
|area_total_km2 = 4.33
|area_total_sq_mi = 1.67
|area_total_sq_mi = 1.67
|area_land_km2 = 4.17
|area_land_km2 = 4.18
|area_land_sq_mi = 1.61
|area_land_sq_mi = 1.61
|area_water_km2 = 0.15
|area_water_km2 = 0.15
Line 55: Line 56:
|elevation_m = 275
|elevation_m = 275
|elevation_ft = 902
|elevation_ft = 902
|population_total = 2427
|population_total = 2415
|population_as_of = [[2010 United States Census|2010]]
|population_as_of = [[2020 United States Census|2020]]
|population_footnotes = <ref name ="FactFinder"/>
|population_footnotes =
|population_density_km2 = 592.10
|population_density_km2 = 578.07
|population_density_sq_mi = 1533.50
|population_density_sq_mi = 1497.21
|population_metro = 4296250 ([[Metro Detroit]])
|population_metro = 4296250 ([[Metro Detroit]])


<!-- General information -->
<!-- General information -->
|population_est = 2412
|population_est =
|pop_est_as_of = 2018
|pop_est_as_of =
|postal_code_type = [[ZIP Code|ZIP code(s)]]
|postal_code_type = [[ZIP Code|ZIP code(s)]]
|postal_code = 48169
|postal_code = 48169
Line 75: Line 76:
|utc_offset_DST = -4
|utc_offset_DST = -4
|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info = 26-64140<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2008-01-31|title=American FactFinder}}</ref>
|blank_info = 26-64140<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref>
|blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info = 0634896<ref name="GR3">{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|accessdate=2008-01-31|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|date=2007-10-25}}</ref>
|blank1_info = 0634896<ref name="GR3">{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|date=October 25, 2007}}</ref>
|pop_est_footnotes = <ref name="USCensusEst2018"/>
|pop_est_footnotes =
|unit_pref = Imperial
|unit_pref = Imperial
}}
}}
'''Pinckney''' is a [[Administrative divisions of Michigan#Villages|village]] in [[Putnam Township, Michigan|Putnam Township]], [[Livingston County, Michigan|Livingston County]] in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Michigan]]. The population was 2,427 at the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]].
'''Pinckney''' is a [[Administrative divisions of Michigan#Villages|village]] in [[Putnam Township, Michigan|Putnam Township]], [[Livingston County, Michigan|Livingston County]] in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Michigan]]. The population was 2,415 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].


Among the first [[American pioneer]]s in the area around Pinckney were William Kirkland and his family, who moved from [[New York (state)|New York]] in the late 1820s. Kirkland named the community after his brother, Charles Pinckney Kirkland. Platted in 1837, Pinckney was incorporated as a village in 1883.<ref>{{cite book| last=Romig| first=Walter| title=Michigan Place Names: The History of the Founding and the Naming of More Than Five Thousand Past and Present Michigan Communities| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y-FPXEGRo-YC&pg=PA442&lpg=PA442&dq=Kirkland+named+the+community+after+his+brother,+Charles+Pinckney+Kirkland,&source=bl&ots=1zWd8KbU80&sig=FxmTc_QSThcms_c1hbkCaPocET4&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjD-fHv7fzVAhWC8CYKHekZDdgQ6AEIPzAE#v=onepage&q=Kirkland%20named%20the%20community%20after%20his%20brother%2C%20Charles%20Pinckney%20Kirkland%2C&f=false| page=442| publisher=Wayne State University Press| location=Detroit, Michigan| date=1986| edition=Great Lakes Books| isbn=0-8143-1838-X}}</ref>
Among the first [[American pioneer]]s in the area around Pinckney were William Kirkland and his family, who moved from [[New York (state)|New York]] in the late 1820s. Kirkland named the community after his brother, Charles Pinckney Kirkland. Platted in 1837, Pinckney was incorporated as a village in 1883.<ref>{{cite book| last=Romig| first=Walter| title=Michigan Place Names: The History of the Founding and the Naming of More Than Five Thousand Past and Present Michigan Communities| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y-FPXEGRo-YC&q=Kirkland+named+the+community+after+his+brother%2C+Charles+Pinckney+Kirkland%2C&pg=PA442| page=442| publisher=Wayne State University Press| location=Detroit, Michigan| date=1986| edition=Great Lakes Books| isbn=0-8143-1838-X}}</ref>


==Geography==
==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the village has a total area of {{convert|1.66|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|1.60|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.06|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdate=2012-11-25 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112090031/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archivedate=January 12, 2012 }}</ref>
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the village has a total area of {{convert|1.66|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|1.60|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.06|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=November 25, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112090031/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=January 12, 2012 }}</ref>


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
Line 106: Line 107:
|2000= 2141
|2000= 2141
|2010= 2427
|2010= 2427
|2020= 2415
|estyear=2018
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
|estimate=2412
|estref=<ref name="USCensusEst2018">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2018.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|accessdate=December 15, 2019}}</ref>
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|accessdate=June 4, 2015|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150426102944/http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|archivedate=April 26, 2015}}</ref>
}}
}}


===2010 census===
===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name ="FactFinder">{{cite web|title=American FactFinder|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2012-11-25}}</ref> of 2010, there were 2,427 people, 869 households, and 648 families living in the village. The [[population density]] was {{convert|1516.9|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 927 housing units at an average density of {{convert|579.4|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the village was 97.9% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.1% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.2% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.3% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.3% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 1.2% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.8% of the population.
As of the [[census]]<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=November 25, 2012}}</ref> of 2010, there were 2,427 people, 869 households, and 648 families living in the village. The [[population density]] was {{convert|1516.9|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 927 housing units at an average density of {{convert|579.4|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the village was 97.9% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.1% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.2% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.3% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.3% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 1.2% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.8% of the population.


There were 869 households of which 45.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.4% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 13.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 25.4% were non-families. 21.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 6.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.78 and the average family size was 3.25.
There were 869 households, of which 45.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.4% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 13.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 25.4% were non-families. 21.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.78 and the average family size was 3.25.


The median age in the village was 34.1 years. 31.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 31.3% were from 25 to 44; 23.6% were from 45 to 64; and 7.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 49.0% male and 51.0% female.
The median age in the village was 34.1 years. 31.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 31.3% were from 25 to 44; 23.6% were from 45 to 64; and 7.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 49.0% male and 51.0% female.


===2000 census===
===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 2,141 people, 731 households, and 573 families living in the village. The [[population density]] was 1,436.8 per square mile (554.8/km²). There were 778 housing units at an average density of 522.1 per square mile (201.6/km²). The racial makeup of the village was 97.80% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.14% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]].
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 2,141 people, 731 households, and 573 families living in the village. The population density was {{convert|1,436.8|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 778 housing units at an average density of {{convert|522.1|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the village was 97.80% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.14% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]].


[[Image:Pinckney Village Hall.JPG|thumb|250px|left|Pinckney Village Hall, S. Howell St.]]
[[Image:Pinckney Village Hall.JPG|thumb|250px|left|Pinckney Village Hall, S. Howell St.]]
There were 731 households out of which 48.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.7% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 11.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.6% were non-families. 16.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 6.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.90 and the average family size was 3.28.
There were 731 households, out of which 48.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.7% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 11.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.6% were non-families. 16.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.90 and the average family size was 3.28.


In the village, the population was spread out with 32.7% under the age of 18, 7.7% from 18 to 24, 36.0% from 25 to 44, 17.7% from 45 to 64, and 6.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 102.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.7 males.
In the village, the population was spread out, with 32.7% under the age of 18, 7.7% from 18 to 24, 36.0% from 25 to 44, 17.7% from 45 to 64, and 6.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 102.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.7 males.


The median income for a household in the village was $58,077, and the median income for a family was $60,776. Males had a median income of $45,125 versus $27,198 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the village was $20,429. About 4.4% of families and 5.7% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 4.8% of those under age 18 and 9.9% of those age 65 or over.
The median income for a household in the village was $58,077, and the median income for a family was $60,776. Males had a median income of $45,125 versus $27,198 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the village was $20,429. About 4.4% of families and 5.7% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 4.8% of those under age 18 and 9.9% of those age 65 or over.


==Education==
==Education==
Pinckney is home to [[Pinckney Community Schools]], which consists of [[Pinckney High School]], Pathfinder School, Navigator Upper Elementary, Country Elementary, & Farley Hill Elementary. Lakeland Elementary, and Hamburg Elementary have been closed due to the decrease of residents in the area. Also home to a Montessori Charter school called Light of the World Academy, and St. Marys Catholic School.
Pinckney is home to [[Pinckney Community Schools]], which consists of [[Pinckney High School]], Pathfinder School, Navigator Upper Elementary, Country Elementary, & Farley Hill Elementary. Lakeland Elementary, Pinckney Elementary and Hamburg Elementary have been closed due to the decrease of residents in the area. Also home to a Montessori Charter school called Light of the World Academy, and St. Marys Catholic School.


==Cultural life and recreation==
==Cultural life and recreation==
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==Notable people==
==Notable people==
* [[Ron Jeffries]], Computer Scientist, co-inventor of [[Extreme Programming]], and co-creator of the [[Agile Manifesto]]
* [[Caroline Kirkland]], 19th century writer and wife of village founder William Kirkland
* [[Caroline Kirkland]], 19th century writer and wife of village founder William Kirkland
* [[Denny McLain]], former pitcher for the Detroit Tigers
* [[Denny McLain]], former pitcher for the [[Detroit Tigers]]
* [[Chris Sabin]], professional wrestler
* [[Chris Sabin]], professional wrestler
* [[Robert Sabuda]], children's pop-up book artist and paper engineer
* [[Robert Sabuda]], children's pop-up book artist and paper engineer
* [[Zach Sieler]], defensive end for the Baltimore Ravens
* [[Zach Sieler]], defensive end for the [[Miami Dolphins]]
* [[Glendon Swarthout]], novelist and short story writer
* [[Glendon Swarthout]], novelist and short story writer
* [[Jake Vedder]], Snowboarder for [[2022 Winter Olympics]] [[Snowboard Cross]] team
* [[Ryan Donovan]], professional ice hockey player.
* [[Dominik Shine]], professional ice hockey player.
* [[Erik Reichenbach]], comic illustrator and graphic designer who appeared on Survivor


== References ==
== References ==
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*[http://www.pinckneyschools.org/ Pinckney Community Schools web page]
*[http://www.pinckneyschools.org/ Pinckney Community Schools web page]


{{Livingston County, Michigan}}{{Adjacent communities|North-west=[[Fowlerville, Michigan]]|North=[[Howell, Michigan]]|North-east=[[Brighton, Michigan]]|WEST=[[Stockbridge, Michigan]]|Center=Pinckney, Michigan|EAST=[[Whitmore Lake, Michigan]]|South-west=[[Chelsea, Michigan]]|South=[[Dexter, Michigan]]|South-east=[[Ann Arbor, Michigan]]}}
{{Livingston County, Michigan}}


{{authority control}}
{{authority control}}

Latest revision as of 22:46, 23 September 2024

Pinckney, Michigan
Village of Pinckney
Downtown Pinckney along Main Street (M-36)
Downtown Pinckney along Main Street (M-36)
Location within Livingston County
Location within Livingston County
Pinckney is located in Michigan
Pinckney
Pinckney
Location within the state of Michigan
Coordinates: 42°27′26″N 83°56′41″W / 42.45722°N 83.94472°W / 42.45722; -83.94472
CountryUnited States
StateMichigan
CountyLivingston
TownshipPutnam
Settled1827
Platted1837
Incorporated1883
Government
 • TypeVillage council
 • PresidentLinda Lavey
 • ClerkAndrea Piotrowski McCall
Area
 • Village
1.67 sq mi (4.33 km2)
 • Land1.61 sq mi (4.18 km2)
 • Water0.06 sq mi (0.15 km2)
Elevation
902 ft (275 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • Village
2,415
 • Density1,497.21/sq mi (578.07/km2)
 • Metro
4,296,250 (Metro Detroit)
Time zoneUTC-5 (Eastern (EST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC-4 (EDT)
ZIP code(s)
48169
Area code734
FIPS code26-64140[2]
GNIS feature ID0634896[3]
Websitevillageofpinckney.org

Pinckney is a village in Putnam Township, Livingston County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 2,415 at the 2020 census.

Among the first American pioneers in the area around Pinckney were William Kirkland and his family, who moved from New York in the late 1820s. Kirkland named the community after his brother, Charles Pinckney Kirkland. Platted in 1837, Pinckney was incorporated as a village in 1883.[4]

Geography

[edit]

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.66 square miles (4.30 km2), of which 1.60 square miles (4.14 km2) is land and 0.06 square miles (0.16 km2) is water.[5]

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
CensusPop.Note
1860244
187044682.8%
1880427−4.3%
18904495.2%
190050011.4%
1910477−4.6%
1920384−19.5%
193043312.8%
19404565.3%
195069552.4%
19607325.3%
197092125.8%
19801,39050.9%
19901,60315.3%
20002,14133.6%
20102,42713.4%
20202,415−0.5%
U.S. Decennial Census[6]

2010 census

[edit]

As of the census[7] of 2010, there were 2,427 people, 869 households, and 648 families living in the village. The population density was 1,516.9 inhabitants per square mile (585.7/km2). There were 927 housing units at an average density of 579.4 per square mile (223.7/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 97.9% White, 0.1% African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.3% from other races, and 1.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.8% of the population.

There were 869 households, of which 45.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.4% were married couples living together, 13.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 25.4% were non-families. 21.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.78 and the average family size was 3.25.

The median age in the village was 34.1 years. 31.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 31.3% were from 25 to 44; 23.6% were from 45 to 64; and 7.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 49.0% male and 51.0% female.

2000 census

[edit]

As of the census[2] of 2000, there were 2,141 people, 731 households, and 573 families living in the village. The population density was 1,436.8 inhabitants per square mile (554.8/km2). There were 778 housing units at an average density of 522.1 per square mile (201.6/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 97.80% White, 0.14% African American.

Pinckney Village Hall, S. Howell St.

There were 731 households, out of which 48.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.7% were married couples living together, 11.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.6% were non-families. 16.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.90 and the average family size was 3.28.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 32.7% under the age of 18, 7.7% from 18 to 24, 36.0% from 25 to 44, 17.7% from 45 to 64, and 6.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 102.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.7 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $58,077, and the median income for a family was $60,776. Males had a median income of $45,125 versus $27,198 for females. The per capita income for the village was $20,429. About 4.4% of families and 5.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.8% of those under age 18 and 9.9% of those age 65 or over.

Education

[edit]

Pinckney is home to Pinckney Community Schools, which consists of Pinckney High School, Pathfinder School, Navigator Upper Elementary, Country Elementary, & Farley Hill Elementary. Lakeland Elementary, Pinckney Elementary and Hamburg Elementary have been closed due to the decrease of residents in the area. Also home to a Montessori Charter school called Light of the World Academy, and St. Marys Catholic School.

Cultural life and recreation

[edit]
St. Patrick's Day Parade in Pinckney, Michigan

Pinckney hosts annual parades on Saint Patrick's Day and Memorial Day. Pinckney Community Schools student musicians join with the Ann Arbor Symphony Orchestra for an annual Side-by-Side concert at the high school. Nearby the village (to the west) is the Pinckney State Recreation Area, and also the popular tourist destination of Hell, Michigan. Lakelands Trail State Park passes through Pinckney.

Notable people

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 21, 2022.
  2. ^ a b "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  3. ^ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. October 25, 2007. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  4. ^ Romig, Walter (1986). Michigan Place Names: The History of the Founding and the Naming of More Than Five Thousand Past and Present Michigan Communities (Great Lakes Books ed.). Detroit, Michigan: Wayne State University Press. p. 442. ISBN 0-8143-1838-X.
  5. ^ "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on January 12, 2012. Retrieved November 25, 2012.
  6. ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  7. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved November 25, 2012.
[edit]