Jump to content

Lucy Yi Zhenmei: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
 
(35 intermediate revisions by 12 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|Chinese Catholic saint (1815–1862)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2021}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2021}}
⚫
{{family name hatnote|[[Yi (surname 易)|Yi]]|lang=Chinese}}
{{Infobox saint
{{Infobox saint
|honorific_prefix=Saint
|honorific_prefix=[[Saint]]
|name=Lucy Yi Zhenmei<br>{{lang|zh-Hant|易貞美}}
|name=Lucy Yi Zhenmei<br />{{no bold|{{lang|zh-hant|易貞美}}}}
|birth_date={{birth date|1815|12|9}}
|birth_date={{birth date|1815|12|9}}
|death_date={{death date and age|1862|2|19|1815|12|9}}
|death_date={{death date and age|1862|2|19|1815|12|9}}
|feast_day=February 19
|feast_day=February 19
|venerated_in=[[Roman Catholic Church]], [[Episcopal Church (United States)]]
|venerated_in=[[Catholic Church]]<br />[[Episcopal Church (United States)|American Episcopal Church]]
|image=Saint Lucy Y of Mienchow.jpg
|image=
|caption=An imaginary depiction of Lucy Yi
|imagesize=
|birth_place=[[Sichuan]], [[Qing dynasty|Qing China]]
|caption=
|birth_place=[[Sichuan]], [[Qing dynasty|China]]
|death_place=[[Guizhou]], Qing China
|death_place=
|titles=Virgin; Catechist and Martyr
|titles=Virgin; Catechist and Martyr
|beatified_date=May 2, 1909
|beatified_date=May 2, 1909
|beatified_place=[[Vatican City]], [[Rome, Italy|Rome]]
|beatified_place=[[Vatican City]], [[Rome]]
|beatified_by=[[Pope Pius X]]
|beatified_by=[[Pope Pius X]]
|canonized_date=October 1, 2000
|canonized_date=October 1, 2000
|canonized_place=[[Vatican City]], [[Rome, Italy|Rome]]
|canonized_place=Vatican City, Rome
|canonized_by=[[Pope John Paul II]]
|canonized_by=[[Pope John Paul II]]
|attributes=
|attributes=
Line 26: Line 27:
}}
}}


'''Lucy Yi Zhenmei'''{{efn|{{lang-zh|t=易貞美|s=易贞美|first=t|w=I Chên-mei|p=Yì Zhēnměi}}; [[Sichuanese Pinyin|Sichuanese romanization]]: ''I Chen-me''.}} (December 9, 1815 – February 19, 1862) was a [[Catholic Church in Sichuan|Sichuanese Catholic]] saint from [[Mianyang]], [[Sichuan|Sichuan Province]], China. She is the lone woman of the five [[Guizhou]] Martyrs, a subset of the much larger [[Martyr Saints of China]]. She is referred to as {{lang|fr|Bienheureuse Lucie Y}} ('Blessed Lucy Yi') in old French sources.<ref>{{cite book |last=Hutte |first=Denys |chapter=Bienheureuse Lucie Y, vierge martyre chinoise (1813–1862) |date=2022 |orig-date=1935 |title=Un saint pour chaque jour du mois : Février |url=https://saint-remi.fr/fr/vie-de-saints-et-de-heros/2327-un-saint-pour-chaque-jour-du-mois-fevrier-2eme-serie-9782816205992.html |language=fr |location=Cadillac-sur-Garonne |publisher=Éditions Saint-Rémi |isbn=9782816205992}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=1971 |title=Les Saints, nos frères |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x5xlo2o1uIcC&dq=Bienheureuse+Lucie+Y+Kouy-tcheou&pg=PA73 |language=fr |location=Paris |publisher=Éditions Beauchesne |page=73}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Bienheureuse Lucie Y, vierge martyre chinoise (1813–1862) |url=https://www.le-livre.fr/journaux-revues/fiche-ro10032145.html |language=fr |magazine=Vies des saints |number=1714 |location=Paris |publisher=Bureau du journal |date=<!--Not stated--> |access-date=April 11, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Escot |first=Jean |date=1951 |title=Le bienheureux Jean-Pierre Néel et ses compagnons martyrs, des Monts du Lyonnais au Kouy-Tcheou |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6mHnDwAAQBAJ&dq=Bienheureuse+Lucie+Y+Kouy-tcheou+Jean-Pierre+N%C3%A9el&pg=PT2 |language=fr |location=Paris et Lyon |publisher=Emmanuel Vitte|isbn=9782307071280 }}</ref>
⚫
{{family name hatnote|[[Yi (disambiguation)|Yi]]|lang=Chinese}}
'''Lucy Yi Zhenmei''' ({{lang-zh|t=易貞美|s=易贞美|first=t|w=I Chên-mei|p=Yì Zhēnměi}}) (December 9, 1815 – February 19, 1862) was a [[Catholic Church in China|Chinese Roman Catholic]] saint from [[Mianyang]], [[Sichuan|Sichuan Province]], China. She is the lone woman of the five Guizhou Martyrs, a subset of the much larger [[Martyr Saints of China]].


== Life and work ==
== Life and work ==
Born on December 9, 1815, she was the youngest member of her family. Lucy was a very pious child, to the extent that she made a commitment to [[chastity]] at the age of 12.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://bustedhalo.com/questionbox/who-is-st-lucy-yi-zhenmei|title=Who is St. Lucy Yi ZhenMei? {{!}} Busted Halo|date=October 12, 2011|work=Busted Halo|access-date=February 14, 2018|language=en-US}}</ref>
Born on December 9, 1815, she was the youngest member of her family. Lucy was a very pious child, to the extent that she made a commitment to [[chastity]] at the age of 12.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://bustedhalo.com/questionbox/who-is-st-lucy-yi-zhenmei|title=Who is St. Lucy Yi ZhenMei? {{!}} Busted Halo|date=October 12, 2011|work=Busted Halo|access-date=February 14, 2018|language=en-US}}</ref>


As she matured, she developed a love for reading and study. At the age of 20, in the midst of her higher education she grew very ill. After her recovery, Lucy took her spiritual life even more seriously. She devoted herself to the discipline of prayer with great devotion, assuming a way of life much like that of an [[Asceticism#Christianity|ascetic]] while continuing to assist in the support her family. Her mother taught her how to [[Hand spinning|spin]], which also became part of her daily life.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.chinesemartyrs.org/chinese_saints/19-e.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071116014827/http://www.chinesemartyrs.org/chinese_saints/19-e.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 16, 2007|title=Chinese Martyrs|last=|first=|date=|website=|access-date=February 14, 2017}}</ref>
As she matured, she developed a love for reading and study. At the age of 20, in the midst of her higher education she grew very ill. After her recovery, Lucy took her spiritual life even more seriously. She devoted herself to the discipline of prayer with great devotion, assuming a way of life much like that of an [[Asceticism#Christianity|ascetic]] while continuing to assist in the support of her family. Her mother taught her how to [[Hand spinning|spin]], which also became part of her daily life.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.chinesemartyrs.org/chinese_saints/19-e.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071116014827/http://www.chinesemartyrs.org/chinese_saints/19-e.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 16, 2007|title=Chinese Martyrs|last=|first=|date=|website=|access-date=February 14, 2017}}</ref>


After her father died, she lived with her brother and mother, using part of her leisure time to [[Catechism|catechise]] children nearby. The [[parish priest]], who asked her to teach at the school in Mianyang, noticed her devotion and reliable knowledge of her faith. After four years, her brother went to [[Chongqing]] to practice medicine, and Lucy and her mother joined him. In Chongqing, the local priest also asked her to help teach the women in their parish. When offered money for her work, she refused to take it and offered her work to God.<ref name=":0" />
After her father died, she lived with her brother and mother, using part of her leisure time to [[Catholic catechesis|catechise]] children nearby. The [[parish priest]], who asked her to teach at the school in Mianyang, noticed her devotion and reliable knowledge of her faith. After four years, her brother went to [[Chongqing]] to practice medicine, and Lucy and her mother joined him. In Chongqing, the local priest also asked her to help teach the women in their parish. When offered money for her work, she refused to take it and offered her work to God.<ref name=":0" />


A few years later, her brother moved to [[Guiyang]], during which time her mother died. Full of enthusiasm for spreading the [[The gospel|Good News]], she went on doing missionary work. However, for her own safety she decided to stay in a [[convent]] of [[laity|lay]] [[Consecrated virgin|virgins]]. Shortly after, her failing health forced her to move back home again. In 1861, Bishop Hu asked her to teach once more at the convent. In spite of opposition from relatives, she returned to work there.<ref name=":0" />
A few years later, her brother moved to [[Guiyang]], during which time her mother died. Full of enthusiasm for spreading the [[The gospel|Good News]], she went on doing missionary work. However, for her own safety she decided to stay in a [[convent]] of [[Catholic laity|lay]] [[Consecrated virgin|virgins]]. Shortly after, her failing health forced her to move back home again. In 1861, Bishop Hu asked her to teach once more at the convent. In spite of opposition from relatives, she returned to work there.<ref name=":0" />


== Martyrdom ==
== Martyrdom ==
In 1862, she went with {{ill|Jean-Pierre Néel|fr}}, a missionary priest of [[Paris Foreign Missions Society]], to start a mission in [[Jiashanlong]], but just then the administrator of [[Guizhou Province]], Tian Xingshu, began to stir up [[Anti-Christian sentiment|hatred against Christians]], with the support of the local [[County magistrate|magistrate]]. As a result, Zhang Tianshen, Wu Shuisheng, Chen Xianheng and Néel were all imprisoned and sentenced to death without a formal trial.
In 1862, she went with {{ill|Jean-Pierre Néel|fr}}, a missionary priest of [[Paris Foreign Missions Society]], to start a mission in [[Jiashanlong]], but just then the administrator of [[Guizhou|Guizhou Province]], Tian Xingshu, began to stir up [[Anti-Christian sentiment|hatred against Christians]], with the support of the local [[County magistrate|magistrate]]. As a result, {{ill|John Zhang Tianshen|pl|Jan Zhang Tianshen}}, {{ill|Martin Wu Xuesheng|pl|Marcin Wu Xuesheng}}, {{ill|John Chen Xianheng|pl|Jan Chen Xianheng}} and Néel were all imprisoned and sentenced to death without a formal trial.


On February 18, the day of their execution, they encountered Yi Zhenmei on the road. She was also jailed and put on trial that very day and sentenced to death, because she refused to renounce her faith. The following day at noon, February 19, 1862, she was beheaded. Brave believers took the bodies of all five martyrs to Liuchonnguan Seminary grounds for burial.<ref name=":0" />
On February 18, the day of their execution, they encountered Yi Zhenmei on the road. She was also jailed and put on trial that very day and sentenced to death, because she refused to renounce her faith. The following day at noon, February 19, 1862, she was beheaded. Brave believers took the bodies of all five martyrs to Liuchonnguan Seminary grounds for burial.<ref name=":0" />


== Veneration ==
== Veneration ==
[[Pope John Paul II]] canonized Lucy Yi Zhenmei and her companions, the [[Martyr Saints of China]], on October 1, 2000. Her [[feast day]] is celebrated on February 19 in the Roman Catholic Church.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://catholicsaints.info/saint-lucia-yi-zhenmei/|title=Saint Lucia Yi Zhenmei|date=January 27, 2014|work=CatholicSaints.Info|access-date=February 14, 2018|language=en-US}}</ref>
On May 2, 1909, [[Pope Pius X]] declared Yi and the other four martyrs [[Beatification|blessed]]. [[Pope John Paul II]] canonized Lucy Yi Zhenmei and her companions, the [[Martyr Saints of China]], on October 1, 2000. Her [[Calendar of saints|feast day]] is celebrated on February 19 according to the [[General Roman Calendar]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://catholicsaints.info/saint-lucia-yi-zhenmei/|title=Saint Lucia Yi Zhenmei|date=January 27, 2014|work=CatholicSaints.Info|access-date=February 14, 2018|language=en-US}}</ref>


Lucy Yi Zhenmei is honored (with [[Agatha Lin|Agatha Lin Zhao]] and [[Agnes Tsao Kou Ying]]) with a [[Lesser Festival (Anglicanism)|Lesser Feast]] on the [[Calendar of saints (Episcopal Church)|liturgical calendar]] of the [[Episcopal Church (United States)|Episcopal Church in the United States of America]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lesser Feasts and Fasts 2018|url=https://extranet.generalconvention.org/staff/files/download/21034|url-status=live}}</ref> on February 19.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Chinese Martyrs|url=http://satucket.com/lectionary/Chinese_Martyrs.html|access-date=May 7, 2021|website=satucket.com}}</ref>
Lucy Yi Zhenmei is honored (with [[Agatha Lin|Agatha Lin Zhao]] and [[Agnes Tsao Kou Ying]]) with a [[Lesser Festival (Anglicanism)|Lesser Feast]] on the [[Calendar of saints (Episcopal Church)|liturgical calendar]] of the [[Episcopal Church (United States)|Episcopal Church in the United States of America]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lesser Feasts and Fasts 2018|url=https://extranet.generalconvention.org/staff/files/download/21034}}</ref> on February 19.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Chinese Martyrs|url=http://satucket.com/lectionary/Chinese_Martyrs.html|access-date=May 7, 2021|website=satucket.com}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Catholic Church in Mianyang]]
* [[Catholic Church in Sichuan]]
* [[Christianity in Guizhou]]
* [[Our Lady of Lourdes Church, Mianyang]]
* ''[[An Account of the Entry of the Catholic Religion into Sichuan]]''
* [[Paul Liu Hanzuo]] – Sichuanese martyr saint

== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


{{Catholic saints}}
{{Christianity in Sichuan}}
{{authority control}}
{{authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Yi Zhenmei, Lucy}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Yi, Lucy, Zhenmei}}
[[Category:1815 births]]
[[Category:1815 births]]
[[Category:1862 deaths]]
[[Category:1862 deaths]]
Line 59: Line 72:
[[Category:19th-century executions by China]]
[[Category:19th-century executions by China]]
[[Category:19th-century Roman Catholic martyrs]]
[[Category:19th-century Roman Catholic martyrs]]
⚫
[[Category:19th-century Chinese women]]
[[Category:Sichuanese Roman Catholics]]
[[Category:Sichuanese Roman Catholics]]
[[Category:Chinese Roman Catholic missionaries]]
[[Category:Chinese Roman Catholic missionaries]]
[[Category:Chinese Roman Catholic saints]]
[[Category:Chinese Roman Catholic saints]]
[[Category:Saints of Sichuan]]
[[Category:Executed Chinese women]]
[[Category:Executed Chinese women]]
[[Category:Female Roman Catholic missionaries]]
[[Category:Female Roman Catholic missionaries]]
[[Category:Christian martyrs executed by decapitation]]
[[Category:Christian martyrs executed by decapitation]]
[[Category:People executed by the Qing dynasty by decapitation]]
[[Category:People executed by the Qing dynasty by decapitation]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic missionaries in Sichuan]]
[[Category:Qing dynasty Christians]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic missionaries in China]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic missionaries in China]]
[[Category:People from Mianyang]]
[[Category:People from Mianyang]]
[[Category:Executed Qing dynasty people]]
[[Category:People executed by the Qing dynasty]]
⚫
[[Category:Executed Chinese people]]
[[Category:Executed people from Sichuan]]
[[Category:Executed people from Sichuan]]
[[Category:Christian female saints of the Late Modern era]]
[[Category:Christian female saints of the Late Modern era]]
[[Category:Catholic martyrs]]
[[Category:Virgin martyrs]]
[[Category:Anglican saints]]
[[Category:Anglican saints]]
[[Category:Christianity in Mianyang]]
[[Category:Catholic Church in Guizhou]]

Latest revision as of 11:42, 25 September 2024

In this Chinese name, the family name is Yi.
Saint

Lucy Yi Zhenmei
易貞美
An imaginary depiction of Lucy Yi
Virgin; Catechist and Martyr
Born(1815-12-09)December 9, 1815
Sichuan, Qing China
DiedFebruary 19, 1862(1862-02-19) (aged 46)
Guizhou, Qing China
Venerated inCatholic Church
American Episcopal Church
BeatifiedMay 2, 1909, Vatican City, Rome by Pope Pius X
CanonizedOctober 1, 2000, Vatican City, Rome by Pope John Paul II
FeastFebruary 19

Lucy Yi Zhenmei[a] (December 9, 1815 – February 19, 1862) was a Sichuanese Catholic saint from Mianyang, Sichuan Province, China. She is the lone woman of the five Guizhou Martyrs, a subset of the much larger Martyr Saints of China. She is referred to as Bienheureuse Lucie Y ('Blessed Lucy Yi') in old French sources.[1][2][3][4]

Life and work

[edit]

Born on December 9, 1815, she was the youngest member of her family. Lucy was a very pious child, to the extent that she made a commitment to chastity at the age of 12.[5]

As she matured, she developed a love for reading and study. At the age of 20, in the midst of her higher education she grew very ill. After her recovery, Lucy took her spiritual life even more seriously. She devoted herself to the discipline of prayer with great devotion, assuming a way of life much like that of an ascetic while continuing to assist in the support of her family. Her mother taught her how to spin, which also became part of her daily life.[6]

After her father died, she lived with her brother and mother, using part of her leisure time to catechise children nearby. The parish priest, who asked her to teach at the school in Mianyang, noticed her devotion and reliable knowledge of her faith. After four years, her brother went to Chongqing to practice medicine, and Lucy and her mother joined him. In Chongqing, the local priest also asked her to help teach the women in their parish. When offered money for her work, she refused to take it and offered her work to God.[6]

A few years later, her brother moved to Guiyang, during which time her mother died. Full of enthusiasm for spreading the Good News, she went on doing missionary work. However, for her own safety she decided to stay in a convent of lay virgins. Shortly after, her failing health forced her to move back home again. In 1861, Bishop Hu asked her to teach once more at the convent. In spite of opposition from relatives, she returned to work there.[6]

Martyrdom

[edit]

In 1862, she went with Jean-Pierre Néel [fr], a missionary priest of Paris Foreign Missions Society, to start a mission in Jiashanlong, but just then the administrator of Guizhou Province, Tian Xingshu, began to stir up hatred against Christians, with the support of the local magistrate. As a result, John Zhang Tianshen [pl], Martin Wu Xuesheng [pl], John Chen Xianheng [pl] and Néel were all imprisoned and sentenced to death without a formal trial.

On February 18, the day of their execution, they encountered Yi Zhenmei on the road. She was also jailed and put on trial that very day and sentenced to death, because she refused to renounce her faith. The following day at noon, February 19, 1862, she was beheaded. Brave believers took the bodies of all five martyrs to Liuchonnguan Seminary grounds for burial.[6]

Veneration

[edit]

On May 2, 1909, Pope Pius X declared Yi and the other four martyrs blessed. Pope John Paul II canonized Lucy Yi Zhenmei and her companions, the Martyr Saints of China, on October 1, 2000. Her feast day is celebrated on February 19 according to the General Roman Calendar.[7]

Lucy Yi Zhenmei is honored (with Agatha Lin Zhao and Agnes Tsao Kou Ying) with a Lesser Feast on the liturgical calendar of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America[8] on February 19.[9]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ traditional Chinese: 易貞美; simplified Chinese: 易贞美; pinyin: Yì Zhēnměi; Wade–Giles: I Chên-mei; Sichuanese romanization: I Chen-me.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Hutte, Denys (2022) [1935]. "Bienheureuse Lucie Y, vierge martyre chinoise (1813–1862)". Un saint pour chaque jour du mois : Février (in French). Cadillac-sur-Garonne: Éditions Saint-Rémi. ISBN 9782816205992.
  2. ^ Les Saints, nos frères (in French). Paris: Éditions Beauchesne. 1971. p. 73.
  3. ^ "Bienheureuse Lucie Y, vierge martyre chinoise (1813–1862)". Vies des saints (in French). No. 1714. Paris: Bureau du journal. Retrieved April 11, 2023.
  4. ^ Escot, Jean (1951). Le bienheureux Jean-Pierre Néel et ses compagnons martyrs, des Monts du Lyonnais au Kouy-Tcheou (in French). Paris et Lyon: Emmanuel Vitte. ISBN 9782307071280.
  5. ^ "Who is St. Lucy Yi ZhenMei? | Busted Halo". Busted Halo. October 12, 2011. Retrieved February 14, 2018.
  6. ^ a b c d "Chinese Martyrs". Archived from the original on November 16, 2007. Retrieved February 14, 2017.
  7. ^ "Saint Lucia Yi Zhenmei". CatholicSaints.Info. January 27, 2014. Retrieved February 14, 2018.
  8. ^ "Lesser Feasts and Fasts 2018".
  9. ^ "Chinese Martyrs". satucket.com. Retrieved May 7, 2021.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Lucy_Yi_Zhenmei&oldid=1247682191"