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Coordinates: 10°53′5″N 1°5′25″W / 10.88472°N 1.09028°W / 10.88472; -1.09028
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{{Use Ghanaian English|date=January 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
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'''Navrongo''' is a town and the capital of [[Kassena-Nankana District]] in the [[Upper East Region]] of northern [[Ghana]], adjacent to the [[Burkina Faso–Ghana border|border]] with [[Burkina Faso]]. Navrongo is the capital of [[Kassena-Nankana District]] – which is within the [[Upper East Region]] of northern [[Ghana]]. Navrongo has a 2012 [[Human settlement|settlement]] population of 27,306 people.<ref name="World Gazetteer"/>
'''Navrongo''' is a town and the capital of [[Kassena-Nankana District]] in the [[Upper East Region]] of northern [[Ghana]], adjacent to the [[Burkina Faso–Ghana border|border]] with [[Burkina Faso]]. Navrongo is the capital of [[Kassena-Nankana District]] – which is within the [[Upper East Region]] of northern [[Ghana]]. Navrongo has a 2012 [[Human settlement|settlement]] population of 27,306 people.<ref name="World Gazetteer"/>


Navrongo is an important [[market town]], known for its [[cathedral]] and its [[grotto]].
Navrongo is an important [[market town]], known for its [[cathedral]] and its [[grotto]]. It houses the [[Navrongo Solar Power Station]], Ghana's first [[solar plant]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Volta River Authority {{!}} Commissioning of the Kaleo Solar Power Plant |url=https://www.vra.com/media/2022/kaleo-solar-power-plant.php |access-date=2023-10-25 |website=www.vra.com}}</ref>
Navrongo is located at {{coord|10|53|5|N|1|5|25|W}}. Navrongo's population in 2005 was estimated to be 25,470,<ref>{{cite web
Navrongo is located at {{coord|10|53|5|N|1|5|25|W}}. Navrongo's population in 2005 was estimated to be 25,470,<ref>{{cite web
| url= http://www.mongabay.com/igapo/2005_world_city_populations/Ghana.html
| url= http://www.mongabay.com/igapo/2005_world_city_populations/Ghana.html
Line 130: Line 131:
| access-date= 2007-09-26
| access-date= 2007-09-26
}}</ref> and its population in 2012 was estimated to be 27,306.<ref name="World Gazetteer"/> The terrain is flat and the ecology is typical of the [[Sahel]] – arid grassland with occasional shrubbery.
}}</ref> and its population in 2012 was estimated to be 27,306.<ref name="World Gazetteer"/> The terrain is flat and the ecology is typical of the [[Sahel]] – arid grassland with occasional shrubbery.
⚫
[[File:Navrongo Cathedral outside 01.JPG|thumb|Navrongo's "mud cathedral"]]
The first ever [[Solar plant|Solar Plant]] with a capacity of 2 [[Megawatts]] in Ghana is located at Navrongo: [[Navrongo Solar Power Station]].<ref>[https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/business/VRA-completes-first-solar-plant-in-Navrongo-273357]. ''ghana.gov.gh''.</ref>

==History==
==History==
The town was founded around 1740 by Butu, a Nankane speaking hunter from Zecco (present day southern [[Burkina Faso]]), who initially settled in Pungu (a [[Kasena language|Kasem]] speaking community further south of Zecco).<ref name="adewoba">Adewoba. 'Aspects of Wealth and Exchange'.</ref> During the 19th century, the town became an important staging post on the [[Sahel]] caravan route. At the beginning of the 20th century the British established a base at Navrongo.<ref name="Arhim">Arhim. 'The Papers of George Ferguson'.</ref>
The town was founded around 1740 by Butu, a Nankane speaking hunter from Zecco (present day southern [[Burkina Faso]]), who initially settled in Pungu (a [[Kasena language|Kasem]] speaking community further south of Zecco).<ref name="adewoba">Adewoba. 'Aspects of Wealth and Exchange'.</ref> During the 19th century, the town became an important staging post on the [[Sahel]] caravan route. At the beginning of the 20th century the British established a base at Navrongo.<ref name="Arhim">Arhim. 'The Papers of George Ferguson'.</ref>


A Catholic mission was established in 1906 - the [[White Fathers]] ("Pères Blancs"), a [[France|French]] group made up of [[French Canadians]]. They came to Upper East region from Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso) due to French anti-clerical laws (the Fathers believed they would be expelled from Upper Volta). The British allowed them to set up in Navrongo on condition that the school that they were to establish used English only. Despite a rocky beginning (the Fathers had learnt the wrong local language and only attracted 5 students in the first 18 months), the school eventually became a success – a [[British people|British]] official in 1927 said that it was the best school (of only 5) in the north of Ghana.<ref name="Kimble">Kimble. 'A political history of Ghana'.</ref>
A Catholic mission was established in 1906 - the [[White Fathers]] ("Pères Blancs"), a [[France|French]] group made up of [[French Canadians]]. They came to Upper East region from Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso) due to French anti-clerical laws (the Fathers believed they would be expelled from Upper Volta). The British allowed them to set up in Navrongo on condition that the school that they were to establish used English only. Despite a rocky beginning (the Fathers had learnt the wrong local language and only attracted 5 students in the first 18 months), the school eventually became a success – a [[British people|British]] official in 1927 said that it was the best school (of only 5) in the north of Ghana.<ref name="Kimble">Kimble. 'A political history of Ghana'.</ref> Following Ghana's 1957 liberation from British colonial authority, Navrongo was designated as the district capital of the Kassena/Nankani district.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-06-16 |title=The history of Navrongo |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/features/The-history-of-Navrongo-448181 |access-date=2023-01-28 |website=GhanaWeb |language=en}}</ref>


==Climate==
==Climate==
Navrongo has a [[tropical savanna climate]] (''Aw'' according to the [[Köppen climate classification]]) with the temperature being hot year-round, although there is a wet season and a dry season. On 26 March 2017, Navrongo recorded a temperature of {{convert|43.8|C|F}}, which the highest temperature to have ever been recorded in Ghana.<ref name=JeffMasters2017records>{{cite web |last1=Masters |first1=Jeff |url=https://www.wunderground.com/cat6/noaa-earth-had-its-third-warmest-year-record-2017 |title=NOAA: Earth Had Its Third Warmest Year on Record in 2017 |publisher=Wunderground |date=18 January 2018 |access-date=16 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180430045703/https://www.wunderground.com/cat6/noaa-earth-had-its-third-warmest-year-record-2017 |archive-date=30 April 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>
Navrongo has a [[tropical savanna climate]] (''Aw'' according to the [[Köppen climate classification]]) with the temperature being hot year-round, although there is a wet season and a dry season. On 26 March 2017, Navrongo recorded a temperature of {{convert|43.8|C|F}}, which the highest temperature to have ever been recorded in Ghana.<ref name=JeffMasters2017records>{{cite web |last1=Masters |first1=Jeff |url=https://www.wunderground.com/cat6/noaa-earth-had-its-third-warmest-year-record-2017 |title=NOAA: Earth Had Its Third Warmest Year on Record in 2017 |publisher=Wunderground |date=18 January 2018 |access-date=16 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180430045703/https://www.wunderground.com/cat6/noaa-earth-had-its-third-warmest-year-record-2017 |archive-date=30 April 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>
<div style="width:82%">{{Weather box
{{Weather box
|location = Navrongo
|location = Navrongo (1991-2020)
|single line = Yes
|single line = Yes
|metric first = Yes
|metric first = Yes
|Jan record high C = 40.6
|Jan record high C = 41.2
|Feb record high C = 41.7
|Feb record high C = 44.0
|Mar record high C = 43.8
|Mar record high C = 43.8
|Apr record high C = 42.8
|Apr record high C = 44.2
|May record high C = 42.2
|May record high C = 44.6
|Jun record high C = 38.3
|Jun record high C = 39.3
|Jul record high C = 35.0
|Jul record high C = 37.2
|Aug record high C = 32.8
|Aug record high C = 35.5
|Sep record high C = 34.4
|Sep record high C = 36.1
|Oct record high C = 37.8
|Oct record high C = 39.3
|Nov record high C = 38.3
|Nov record high C = 40.6
|Dec record high C = 38.3
|Dec record high C = 42.0
|year record high C = 43.8
|year record high C = 44.6
|Jan high C = 35.6
|Jan high C = 35.7
|Feb high C = 37.2
|Feb high C = 38.2
|Mar high C = 38.9
|Mar high C = 40.1
|Apr high C = 38.3
|Apr high C = 39.1
|May high C = 36.1
|May high C = 36.3
|Jun high C = 32.8
|Jun high C = 33.5
|Jul high C = 30.6
|Jul high C = 31.6
|Aug high C = 29.4
|Aug high C = 30.7
|Sep high C = 30.6
|Sep high C = 31.7
|Oct high C = 33.3
|Oct high C = 34.3
|Nov high C = 36.1
|Nov high C = 37.4
|Dec high C = 35.0
|Dec high C = 36.5
|year high C = 34.5
|year high C = 35.4
|Jan mean C = 27.5
|Jan mean C = 27.9
|Feb mean C = 29.7
|Feb mean C = 30.5
|Mar mean C = 31.7
|Mar mean C = 32.8
|Apr mean C = 32.0
|Apr mean C = 32.8
|May mean C = 30.6
|May mean C = 30.9
|Jun mean C = 28.1
|Jun mean C = 28.7
|Jul mean C = 26.4
|Jul mean C = 27.3
|Aug mean C = 25.8
|Aug mean C = 26.8
|Sep mean C = 26.1
|Sep mean C = 27.2
|Oct mean C = 27.5
|Oct mean C = 28.6
|Nov mean C = 28.1
|Nov mean C = 29.0
|Dec mean C = 26.7
|Dec mean C = 28.0
|year mean C = 28.4
|year mean C = 29.2
|Jan low C = 19.4
|Jan low C = 20.1
|Feb low C = 22.2
|Feb low C = 22.9
|Mar low C = 24.4
|Mar low C = 25.6
|Apr low C = 25.6
|Apr low C = 26.4
|May low C = 25.0
|May low C = 25.4
|Jun low C = 23.3
|Jun low C = 23.9
|Jul low C = 22.2
|Jul low C = 23.1
|Aug low C = 22.2
|Aug low C = 22.8
|Sep low C = 21.7
|Sep low C = 22.7
|Oct low C = 21.7
|Oct low C = 22.8
|Nov low C = 20.0
|Nov low C = 20.6
|Dec low C = 18.3
|Dec low C = 19.6
|year low C = 22.2
|year low C = 23.0
|Jan record low C = 12.8
|Jan record low C = 12.8
|Feb record low C = 16.1
|Feb record low C = 15.0
|Mar record low C = 18.3
|Mar record low C = 18.3
|Apr record low C = 20.0
|Apr record low C = 19.5
|May record low C = 18.9
|May record low C = 18.9
|Jun record low C = 19.4
|Jun record low C = 19.2
|Jul record low C = 19.4
|Jul record low C = 19.0
|Aug record low C = 19.4
|Aug record low C = 18.2
|Sep record low C = 17.8
|Sep record low C = 17.7
|Oct record low C = 19.4
|Oct record low C = 18.0
|Nov record low C = 16.1
|Nov record low C = 15.6
|Dec record low C = 13.3
|Dec record low C = 13.3
|year record low C = 12.8
|year record low C = 12.8
|rain colour = green
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan rain mm = 0.5
|Jan precipitation mm = 0.2
|Feb rain mm = 5.6
|Feb precipitation mm = 3.2
|Mar rain mm = 15.5
|Mar precipitation mm = 7.8
|Apr rain mm = 48.5
|Apr precipitation mm = 55.9
|May rain mm = 111.5
|May precipitation mm = 107.9
|Jun rain mm = 144.3
|Jun precipitation mm = 127.7
|Jul rain mm = 200.9
|Jul precipitation mm = 192.1
|Aug rain mm = 263.4
|Aug precipitation mm = 268.7
|Sep rain mm = 228.6
|Sep precipitation mm = 156.1
|Oct rain mm = 67.6
|Oct precipitation mm = 63.0
|Nov rain mm = 6.1
|Nov precipitation mm = 2.4
|Dec rain mm = 1.3
|Dec precipitation mm = 0.0
|year rain mm = 1093.8
|year precipitation mm = 985.0
| unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
⚫
|source 1 = Sistema de Clasificación Bioclimática Mundial<ref name=climate>{{cite web
| Jan precipitation days = 0.0
| Feb precipitation days = 0.3
| Mar precipitation days = 1.0
| Apr precipitation days = 3.9
| May precipitation days = 6.5
| Jun precipitation days = 8.6
| Jul precipitation days = 11.2
| Aug precipitation days = 14.6
| Sep precipitation days = 12.0
| Oct precipitation days = 5.9
| Nov precipitation days = 0.2
| Dec precipitation days = 0.0
| year precipitation days =
|source 1 = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]]<ref name=WMOCLINO>{{cite web
| url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/4.4/data/0-data/Region-1-WMO-Normals-9120/Ghana/CSV/Navrongo_65401.csv
| title = Navrongo Climate Normals 1991–2020
| work = World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020)
| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
| access-date = 28 September 2023}}</ref>
⚫
|source 2 = Sistema de Clasificación Bioclimática Mundial (extremes)<ref name=climate>{{cite web
| url = http://www.globalbioclimatics.org/station/gh-navro.htm
| url = http://www.globalbioclimatics.org/station/gh-navro.htm
| title = Ghana–Navrongo
| title = Ghana–Navrongo
Line 229: Line 247:
| access-date = June 14, 2015}}</ref>
| access-date = June 14, 2015}}</ref>
}}
}}
</div>


==Economy==
==Economy==
Navrongo has a fast developing Economy. Coupled with the existence of [[Tono Dam|The Tono Irrigation Project]], Naara Bank, GCB Bank, ADB Bank, Hospitals, Navrongo Health Research Centre, radio stations and PIO TV station, and several other companies, there is a lot of the population who are teachers, nurses and subsistence level farmers in crops and rearing (goats, sheep, cattle, poultry). There are also several institutions including, the C.K Tedam University, St John Bosco teacher training college, Nursing training college, Navrongo SHS (NAVASCO), Notre Dame SHS, OLL Girls SHS etc.
Navrongo has a fast-developing Economy. Coupled with the existence of [[Tono Dam|The Tono Irrigation Project]], Naara Bank, GCB Bank, ADB Bank, Hospitals, Navrongo Health Research Centre, radio stations and PIO TV station, and several other companies, there is a lot of the population who are teachers, nurses and subsistence level farmers in crops and rearing (goats, sheep, cattle, poultry). There are also several institutions including, the C.K Tedam University, St John Bosco teacher training college, Nursing training college, [[Navrongo Senior High School|Navrongo SHS]] (NAVASCO), [[Notre Dame Seminary Senior High School, Navrongo|Notre Dame SHS]], Our Lady of Lourdes Girls SHS etc.


==Navrongo Cathedral==
==Navrongo Cathedral==
⚫
[[File:Navrongo Cathedral outside 01.JPG|thumb|center|Navrongo's "mud cathedral"]]
[[Navrongo Cathedral]], as it is now known, was built in 1906 and expanded in 1920. Originally called "Our Lady of Seven Sorrows", the construction was overseen by the White Fathers. The walls are of mud (therefore it is also called "Mud Cathedral"), and wooden beams form the roof. On the inside, the walls are decorated with animal forms, scenes of everyday life, and Christian themes such as the [[Last Supper]] and the Bethlehem scene in the entrance area. The site also contains a grotto and accommodation facilities.
[[Navrongo Cathedral]], as it is now known, was built in 1906 and expanded in 1920. Originally called "Our Lady of Seven Sorrows", the construction was overseen by the White Fathers. The walls are of mud (therefore it is also called "Mud Cathedral"), and wooden beams form the roof. On the inside, the walls are decorated with animal forms, scenes of everyday life, and Christian themes such as the [[Last Supper]] and the Bethlehem scene in the entrance area. The site also contains a grotto and accommodation facilities.


Latest revision as of 14:32, 26 September 2024

Navrongo
Town & District Capital
Location of Navrongo. Navrongo is in the north east of Northern Ghana, beside the Burkina Faso border.
Location of Navrongo. Navrongo is in the north east of Northern Ghana, beside the Burkina Faso border.
Navrongo is located in Ghana
Navrongo
Navrongo
Location of Navrongo in Upper East region
Coordinates: 10°53′5″N 1°5′25″W / 10.88472°N 1.09028°W / 10.88472; -1.09028
CountryGhana
RegionUpper East Region
DistrictKassena-Nankana District
Population
 (2012)
 • Total
27,306[1]
Time zoneGMT
 • Summer (DST)GMT

Navrongo is a town and the capital of Kassena-Nankana District in the Upper East Region of northern Ghana, adjacent to the border with Burkina Faso. Navrongo is the capital of Kassena-Nankana District – which is within the Upper East Region of northern Ghana. Navrongo has a 2012 settlement population of 27,306 people.[1]

Navrongo is an important market town, known for its cathedral and its grotto. It houses the Navrongo Solar Power Station, Ghana's first solar plant.[2] Navrongo is located at 10°53′5″N 1°5′25″W / 10.88472°N 1.09028°W / 10.88472; -1.09028. Navrongo's population in 2005 was estimated to be 25,470,[3] and its population in 2012 was estimated to be 27,306.[1] The terrain is flat and the ecology is typical of the Sahel – arid grassland with occasional shrubbery.

History

[edit]

The town was founded around 1740 by Butu, a Nankane speaking hunter from Zecco (present day southern Burkina Faso), who initially settled in Pungu (a Kasem speaking community further south of Zecco).[4] During the 19th century, the town became an important staging post on the Sahel caravan route. At the beginning of the 20th century the British established a base at Navrongo.[5]

A Catholic mission was established in 1906 - the White Fathers ("Pères Blancs"), a French group made up of French Canadians. They came to Upper East region from Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso) due to French anti-clerical laws (the Fathers believed they would be expelled from Upper Volta). The British allowed them to set up in Navrongo on condition that the school that they were to establish used English only. Despite a rocky beginning (the Fathers had learnt the wrong local language and only attracted 5 students in the first 18 months), the school eventually became a success – a British official in 1927 said that it was the best school (of only 5) in the north of Ghana.[6] Following Ghana's 1957 liberation from British colonial authority, Navrongo was designated as the district capital of the Kassena/Nankani district.[7]

Climate

[edit]

Navrongo has a tropical savanna climate (Aw according to the Köppen climate classification) with the temperature being hot year-round, although there is a wet season and a dry season. On 26 March 2017, Navrongo recorded a temperature of 43.8 °C (110.8 °F), which the highest temperature to have ever been recorded in Ghana.[8]

Climate data for Navrongo (1991-2020)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 41.2
(106.2) 		44.0
(111.2) 		43.8
(110.8) 		44.2
(111.6) 		44.6
(112.3) 		39.3
(102.7) 		37.2
(99.0) 		35.5
(95.9) 		36.1
(97.0) 		39.3
(102.7) 		40.6
(105.1) 		42.0
(107.6) 		44.6
(112.3)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 35.7
(96.3) 		38.2
(100.8) 		40.1
(104.2) 		39.1
(102.4) 		36.3
(97.3) 		33.5
(92.3) 		31.6
(88.9) 		30.7
(87.3) 		31.7
(89.1) 		34.3
(93.7) 		37.4
(99.3) 		36.5
(97.7) 		35.4
(95.7)
Daily mean °C (°F) 27.9
(82.2) 		30.5
(86.9) 		32.8
(91.0) 		32.8
(91.0) 		30.9
(87.6) 		28.7
(83.7) 		27.3
(81.1) 		26.8
(80.2) 		27.2
(81.0) 		28.6
(83.5) 		29.0
(84.2) 		28.0
(82.4) 		29.2
(84.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 20.1
(68.2) 		22.9
(73.2) 		25.6
(78.1) 		26.4
(79.5) 		25.4
(77.7) 		23.9
(75.0) 		23.1
(73.6) 		22.8
(73.0) 		22.7
(72.9) 		22.8
(73.0) 		20.6
(69.1) 		19.6
(67.3) 		23.0
(73.4)
Record low °C (°F) 12.8
(55.0) 		15.0
(59.0) 		18.3
(64.9) 		19.5
(67.1) 		18.9
(66.0) 		19.2
(66.6) 		19.0
(66.2) 		18.2
(64.8) 		17.7
(63.9) 		18.0
(64.4) 		15.6
(60.1) 		13.3
(55.9) 		12.8
(55.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 0.2
(0.01) 		3.2
(0.13) 		7.8
(0.31) 		55.9
(2.20) 		107.9
(4.25) 		127.7
(5.03) 		192.1
(7.56) 		268.7
(10.58) 		156.1
(6.15) 		63.0
(2.48) 		2.4
(0.09) 		0.0
(0.0) 		985.0
(38.78)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 0.0 0.3 1.0 3.9 6.5 8.6 11.2 14.6 12.0 5.9 0.2 0.0 64.2
Source 1: NOAA[9]
Source 2: Sistema de Clasificación Bioclimática Mundial (extremes)[10]

Economy

[edit]

Navrongo has a fast-developing Economy. Coupled with the existence of The Tono Irrigation Project, Naara Bank, GCB Bank, ADB Bank, Hospitals, Navrongo Health Research Centre, radio stations and PIO TV station, and several other companies, there is a lot of the population who are teachers, nurses and subsistence level farmers in crops and rearing (goats, sheep, cattle, poultry). There are also several institutions including, the C.K Tedam University, St John Bosco teacher training college, Nursing training college, Navrongo SHS (NAVASCO), Notre Dame SHS, Our Lady of Lourdes Girls SHS etc.

[edit]
Navrongo's "mud cathedral"

Navrongo Cathedral, as it is now known, was built in 1906 and expanded in 1920. Originally called "Our Lady of Seven Sorrows", the construction was overseen by the White Fathers. The walls are of mud (therefore it is also called "Mud Cathedral"), and wooden beams form the roof. On the inside, the walls are decorated with animal forms, scenes of everyday life, and Christian themes such as the Last Supper and the Bethlehem scene in the entrance area. The site also contains a grotto and accommodation facilities.

Etymology of name

[edit]

The word "Navrongo" is an Anglicization of the name navrongo which is in Nankane, which combines the word naare (meaning foot or leg in Nankane) with vorongo (the term given to the sound of stepping onto muddy soil) or "voro" which is the Kasem term for same.[11] This is why Kasena call the town "Navoro" while Nankana call it "Navorongo."

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c "World Gazetteer online". World-gazetteer.com. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007.
  2. ^ "Volta River Authority | Commissioning of the Kaleo Solar Power Plant". www.vra.com. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
  3. ^ "2005 population estimates for cities in Ghana". Retrieved 26 September 2007.
  4. ^ Adewoba. 'Aspects of Wealth and Exchange'.
  5. ^ Arhim. 'The Papers of George Ferguson'.
  6. ^ Kimble. 'A political history of Ghana'.
  7. ^ "The history of Navrongo". GhanaWeb. 16 June 2016. Retrieved 28 January 2023.
  8. ^ Masters, Jeff (18 January 2018). "NOAA: Earth Had Its Third Warmest Year on Record in 2017". Wunderground. Archived from the original on 30 April 2018. Retrieved 16 April 2022.
  9. ^ "Navrongo Climate Normals 1991–2020". World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 28 September 2023.
  10. ^ "Ghana–Navrongo". Centro de Investigaciones Fitosociológicas. Retrieved 14 June 2015.
  11. ^ St. John-Parsons, Donald. 'Legends of Northern Ghana'.
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Navrongo.
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