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{{Short description|Dutch politician (1931–2010)}} |
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{{Lead extra info|date=August 2022}} |
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{{Family name hatnote|lang=Dutch|Van Mierlo|wrong=Mierlo}} |
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{{Infobox officeholder |
{{Infobox officeholder |
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|honorific-prefix = [[Excellency|His Excellency]] |
| honorific-prefix = [[Excellency|His Excellency]] |
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|name = Hans van Mierlo |
| name = Hans van Mierlo |
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|image = H.A.F.M.O. van Mierlo, minister van Defensie.jpg |
| image = H.A.F.M.O. van Mierlo, minister van Defensie.jpg |
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|imagesize = |
| imagesize = 220px |
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|caption |
| caption = Van Mierlo in 1981 |
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|office = [[Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands |
| office = [[Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands]] |
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|term_start = 22 August 1994 |
| term_start = 22 August 1994 |
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|term_end = 3 August 1998 |
| term_end = 3 August 1998 |
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|primeminister = [[Wim Kok]] |
| primeminister = [[Wim Kok]] |
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|alongside = [[Hans Dijkstal]] |
| alongside = [[Hans Dijkstal]] |
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|predecessor = [[Wim Kok]] |
| predecessor = [[Wim Kok]] |
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|successor = [[Annemarie Jorritsma]] <br/> [[Els Borst]] |
| successor = [[Annemarie Jorritsma]] <br/> [[Els Borst]] |
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|office1 = [[List of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands|Minister of Foreign Affairs]] |
| office1 = [[List of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands|Minister of Foreign Affairs]] |
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|term_start1 = 22 August 1994 |
| term_start1 = 22 August 1994 |
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|term_end1 = 3 August 1998 |
| term_end1 = 3 August 1998 |
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|primeminister1 = [[Wim Kok]] |
| primeminister1 = [[Wim Kok]] |
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|predecessor1 = [[Pieter Kooijmans]] |
| predecessor1 = [[Pieter Kooijmans]] |
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|successor1 = [[Jozias van Aartsen]] |
| successor1 = [[Jozias van Aartsen]] |
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|office2 = [[Senate (Netherlands)| |
| office2 = [[Senate (Netherlands)|Senator of the Netherlands]] |
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|term_start2 = 13 September 1983 |
| term_start2 = 13 September 1983 |
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|term_end2 = 4 June 1986 |
| term_end2 = 4 June 1986 |
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|parliamentarygroup2= [[Democrats 66]] |
| parliamentarygroup2 = [[Democrats 66]] |
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|office3 = [[List of Ministers of Defence of the Netherlands|Minister of Defence]] |
| office3 = [[List of Ministers of Defence of the Netherlands|Minister of Defence]] |
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|term_start3 = 11 September 1981 |
| term_start3 = 11 September 1981 |
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|term_end3 = 4 November 1982 |
| term_end3 = 4 November 1982 |
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|primeminister3 = [[Dries van Agt]] |
| primeminister3 = [[Dries van Agt]] |
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|predecessor3 = [[Pieter de Geus]] |
| predecessor3 = [[Pieter de Geus]] |
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|successor3 = [[Job de Ruiter]] |
| successor3 = [[Job de Ruiter]] |
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|office4 = [[Parliamentary leader]] in the <br/> [[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|House of Representatives]] |
| office4 = [[Parliamentary leader|Leader]] of the [[Democrats 66]] in the <br/> [[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|House of Representatives]] |
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|term_start4 = 3 June 1986 |
| term_start4 = 3 June 1986 |
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|term_end4 = 22 August 1994 |
| term_end4 = 22 August 1994 |
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|predecessor4 = [[Maarten Engwirda]] |
| predecessor4 = [[Maarten Engwirda]] |
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|successor4 = [[Gerrit-Jan Wolffensperger]] |
| successor4 = [[Gerrit-Jan Wolffensperger]] |
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|term_start5 = 23 February 1967 |
| term_start5 = 23 February 1967 |
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|term_end5 = 1 September 1973 |
| term_end5 = 1 September 1973 |
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|predecessor5 = ''Office established'' |
| predecessor5 = ''Office established'' |
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|successor5 = [[Jan Terlouw]] |
| successor5 = [[Jan Terlouw]] |
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|parliamentarygroup5 |
| parliamentarygroup5 = |
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|office6 = [[ |
| office6 = [[Member of parliament|Member]] of the [[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|House of Representatives]] |
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|term_start6 = 19 May 1998 |
| term_start6 = 19 May 1998 |
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|term_end6 = 18 August 1998 |
| term_end6 = 18 August 1998 |
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|term_start7 = 3 June 1986 |
| term_start7 = 3 June 1986 |
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|term_end7 = 22 August 1994 |
| term_end7 = 22 August 1994 |
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|term_start8 = 23 February 1967 |
| term_start8 = 23 February 1967 |
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|term_end8 = 8 June 1977 |
| term_end8 = 8 June 1977 |
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|parliamentarygroup8= [[Democrats 66]] |
| parliamentarygroup8 = [[Democrats 66]] |
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|office9 = [[Leader of the Democrats 66]] |
| office9 = [[Leader of the Democrats 66]] |
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|term_start9 = 25 January 1986 |
| term_start9 = 25 January 1986 |
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|term_end9 = 15 February 1998 |
| term_end9 = 15 February 1998 |
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|predecessor9 = [[Maarten Engwirda]] |
| predecessor9 = [[Maarten Engwirda]] |
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|successor9 = [[Els Borst]] |
| successor9 = [[Els Borst]] |
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|term_start10 = 14 |
| term_start10 = 14 October 1966 |
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|term_end10 = 1 September 1973 |
| term_end10 = 1 September 1973 |
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|predecessor10 = ''Office established'' |
| predecessor10 = ''Office established'' |
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|successor10 = [[Jan Terlouw]] |
| successor10 = [[Jan Terlouw]] |
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|office11 = [[Democrats 66 |
| office11 = [[Democrats 66|Chairman of the <br/> Democrats 66]] |
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|term_start11 = 14 |
| term_start11 = 14 October 1966 |
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|term_end11 = 16 February 1967 |
| term_end11 = 16 February 1967 |
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|predecessor11 = ''Office established'' |
| predecessor11 = ''Office established'' |
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|successor11 = Gerben Ringnalda |
| successor11 = [[Gerben Ringnalda]] |
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|birthname = Henricus Antonius Franciscus Maria Oliva van Mierlo |
| birthname = Henricus Antonius Franciscus Maria Oliva van Mierlo |
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|birth_date = {{Birth date|df=y|1931|08|18}} |
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=y|1931|08|18}} |
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|birth_place = [[Breda]], |
| birth_place = [[Breda]], Netherlands |
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|death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|2010|03|11|1931|08|18}} |
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|2010|03|11|1931|08|18}} |
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|death_place = [[Amsterdam]], |
| death_place = [[Amsterdam]], Netherlands |
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|death_cause = [[Hepatitis]] |
| death_cause = [[Hepatitis C]] |
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|nationality = |
| nationality = Dutch |
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|party = [[Democrats 66]] <small>(from 1966)</small> |
| party = [[Democrats 66]] <small>(from 1966)</small> |
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|spouse = {{marriage|Anna Los|5 August 1961|18 July 1963|reason=divorced}} |
| spouse = {{plainlist| |
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* {{marriage|Anna Los|5 August 1961|18 July 1963|reason=divorced}} |
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* {{marriage|Olla van Maasdijk|30 December 1964|27 June 1984|reason=divorced}} |
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* {{marriage|[[Connie Palmen]]|11 November 2009}} |
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}}<!--Year omitted when marriage ends w/ death of article subject--> |
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|partner = [[Gretta Duisenberg|Gretta Nieuwenhuizen]] <br/> (1985–1986) <br/> Aafke van der Made <br/> (1987–1997) <br/> |
| partner = [[Gretta Duisenberg|Gretta Nieuwenhuizen]] <br/> (1985–1986) <br/> Aafke van der Made <br/> (1987–1997) <br/> Connie Palmen <br/> (1999–2009) |
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|children = 2 daughters and 1 son |
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| |
| children = 2 daughters and 1 son |
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|alma_mater = [[Radboud University Nijmegen]] <br/> <small>([[Bachelor of Laws]], [[Master of Laws]])</small> |
| residence = |
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| alma_mater = [[Radboud University Nijmegen]] <br/> <small>([[Bachelor of Laws|LL.B.]], [[Master of Laws|LL.M.]])</small> |
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|occupation = [[Politician]] · [[Journalist]] · [[Editing|Editor]] · [[Author]] · [[ |
| occupation = [[Politician]] · [[Journalist]] · [[Editing|Editor]] · [[Author]] · [[Pundit|Political pundit]] · [[Nonprofit organization|Nonprofit director]] · [[Television producer]] |
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|signature = Amsterdam Treaty FA the Netherlands.png |
| signature = Amsterdam Treaty FA the Netherlands.png |
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|allegiance = {{flag|Netherlands}} |
| allegiance = {{flag|Netherlands}} |
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|branch = [[Royal Netherlands Army]] |
| branch = [[Royal Netherlands Army]] |
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|serviceyears = |
| serviceyears = 1952–1954 ([[Conscription]]) <br/> 1954–1961 ([[Military reserve force|Reserve]]) |
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|rank = [[File:Nl-landmacht-sergeant-wachtmeester.svg|15px]] [[Sergeant]] |
| rank = [[File:Nl-landmacht-sergeant-wachtmeester.svg|15px]] [[Sergeant]] |
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| |
| unit = [[Regiment van Heutsz]] |
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|battles = |
| battles = [[Cold War]] |
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|awards = |
| awards = |
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}} |
}} |
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'''Henricus Antonius Franciscus Maria Oliva "Hans" van Mierlo''' ({{IPA |
'''Henricus Antonius Franciscus Maria Oliva''' "'''Hans'''" '''van Mierlo''' ({{IPA|nl|ˈɦɑns fɑ ˈmiːrloː}};{{efn|''Van'' in isolation: {{IPA|nl|vɑn|}}.}} 18 August 1931 – 11 March 2010) was a Dutch politician and journalist who co-founded [[Democrats 66]] (D66). |
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Van Mierlo studied [[Law]] at the [[Radboud University Nijmegen]] obtaining a [[Master of Laws]] degree and worked as a journalist and editor for the ''[[Algemeen Handelsblad]]'' from August 1960 until January 1967. In October 1966 Van Mierlo was one of the co-founders of the Democrats 66 (initially abbreviated D'66) party and became its first ''[[lijsttrekker]]'' (party leader) for the [[1967 Dutch general election|election of 1967]]. Van Mierlo was elected as a [[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|Member of the House of Representatives]] and became [[Parliamentary leader]] after the [[1967 Dutch general election|election]] on 23 February 1967. For the [[1971 Dutch general election|elections of 1971]] and [[1972 Dutch general election|1972]] Van Mierlo served again as top candidate. On 1 September 1973 Van Mierlo unexpectedly announced he was stepping down as Leader and Parliamentary leader and that he wouldn't stand for the [[1977 Dutch general election|election of 1977]] but would continue to serve in the House of Representatives as a [[frontbencher]] until the end of the parliamentary term. |
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In 1966 Van Mierlo together with [[Hans Gruijters]] founded the [[Democrats 66]] (D'66) party after continuing frustrations with ''[[The Establishment]]'' parties. He served as [[Leader of the Democrats 66]] from 14 September 1966 until 1 September 1973 and again from 25 January 1986 until 15 February 1998, serving as [[Lijsttrekker]] (top candidate) in those years. Van Mierlo served as [[List of Ministers of Defence of the Netherlands|Minister of Defence]] from 11 September 1981 until 4 November 1982 in the [[Second Van Agt cabinet|Cabinets Van Agt II]] and [[Third Van Agt cabinet|III]] and as [[Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands|Deputy Prime Minister]] and [[List of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands|Minister of Foreign Affairs]] from 22 August 1994 until 3 August 1998 in the [[First Kok cabinet|Cabinet Kok I]]. Van Mierlo was known for his abilities as a team leader, [[Consensus decision-making|consensus builder]] and an advocate for [[Third Way]]-politics. |
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Van Mierlo semi-retired from active politics and became active in the [[public sector]] as a non-profit director, and worked as a television producer for the ''[[Omroepvereniging VARA|VARA]]'' from January 1980 until September 1981. After the [[1981 Dutch general election|election of 1981]] Van Mierlo was appointed as [[List of Ministers of Defence of the Netherlands|Minister of Defence]] in the [[Second Van Agt cabinet|Cabinet Van Agt II]] taking office on 11 September 1981. The Cabinet Van Agt II fell just seven months into its term on 12 May 1982 and was replaced by the [[Caretaker government|caretaker]] [[Third Van Agt cabinet|Cabinet Van Agt III]] with Van Mierlo continuing his position and shortly thereafter announced that he wouldn't not stand for the [[1982 Dutch general election|election of 1982]]. Van Mierlo continued to be active in politics and was elected as a [[Senate (Netherlands)|Member of the Senate]] after the [[Historic composition of the Senate of the Netherlands|Senate election of 1983]] on 13 September 1983 serving as a frontbencher and [[spokesperson]] for [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Netherlands)|Foreign Affairs]]. For the [[1986 Dutch general election|election of 1986]] Van Mierlo again served as ''Lijsttrekker'' and returned as a Member of the House of Representatives and Parliamentary leader on 3 June 1986. For the [[1989 Dutch general election|elections of 1989]] and [[1994 Dutch general election|1994]] Van Mierlo once again served as ''Lijsttrekker'' and following a successful cabinet formation with [[Labour Party (Netherlands)|Labour Leader]] [[Wim Kok]] and [[Leader of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy|Liberal Leader]] [[Frits Bolkestein]] formed the [[First Kok cabinet|Cabinet Kok I]] with Van Mierlo appointed as [[Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands|Deputy Prime Minister]] and [[List of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands|Minister of Foreign Affairs]] taking office on 22 August 1994. In March 1997 Van Mierlo announced that he was stepping down as Leader a second time but that he would stand for the [[1998 Dutch general election|election of 1998]]. After a cabinet formation Van Mierlo was asked to continue to serve in the new [[Second Kok cabinet|cabinet]] in a different function but declined and returned to the House of Representatives on 19 May 1998. Shortly after the installation of the [[Second Kok cabinet|Cabinet Kok II]] Van Mierlo announced his retirement and resigned from the House of Representatives on 18 August 1998. |
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Van Mierlo retired from active politics at 67 and again became active in the public sector as a non-profit director and served as a diplomat for several economic and diplomatic delegations on behalf of the government, and continued to be active as a advocate and lobbyist for more [[European integration]], [[Republicanism in the Netherlands|republican]] issues and government reforms. Van Mierlo was known for his abilities as a skillful [[Debate|debater]] and effective [[Negotiation|negotiator]]. Van Mierlo was granted the honorary title of [[Minister of State (Netherlands)|Minister of State]] on 24 October 1998 and continued to comment on political affairs as a statesman until his death in March 2010 from the complications of a [[Hepatitis C]] infection at the age of 78. |
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==Early life== |
==Early life== |
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{{No sources|section|date=August 2022}} |
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[[File:Opening Staten-Generaal, tijdens plechtigheid Minister Luns en mr. Hans van Mier, Bestanddeelnr 920-1030.jpg|thumb|left|220px|Minister of Foreign Affairs [[Joseph Luns]] and Hans van Mierlo at his inauguration in the [[Ridderzaal]] on 23 February 1967.]] |
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[[File:Drie progressieve partijen (PvdA, D66, PPR) presenteren schaduwkabinet, mr. H. A, Bestanddeelnr 926-0343.jpg|thumb|left|220px|Hans van Mierlo and [[Labour Party (Netherlands)|Labour Leader]] [[Joop den Uyl]] at a press conference in The Hague on 18 November 1972.]] |
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Henricus Antonius Franciscus Maria Oliva van Mierlo was born on 18 August 1931 in [[Breda]] in the [[Provinces of the Netherlands|province]] of [[North Brabant]] in a [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]] family as the second child of eight children of Anthonius Alphonsus Marie van Mierlo (born 9 May 1902) and Adriana Maria Francisca van der Schrieck (born 3 April 1905). After receiving his diploma Gymnasium-A at the Canisius College in [[Nijmegen]] he studied at the [[Radboud University Nijmegen]], where he received a [[Bachelor of Laws]] and [[Master of Laws]] degree in 1960. After graduating, he became a [[journalist]] for the ''[[NRC Handelsblad]]'' and worked as a [[managing editor]] from 1960 until 1967, first as an editor Home Affairs, later as the opinion page's chief editor. |
Henricus Antonius Franciscus Maria Oliva van Mierlo was born on 18 August 1931 in [[Breda]] in the [[Provinces of the Netherlands|province]] of [[North Brabant]] in a [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]] family as the second child of eight children of Anthonius Alphonsus Marie van Mierlo (born 9 May 1902) and Adriana Maria Francisca van der Schrieck (born 3 April 1905). After receiving his diploma Gymnasium-A at the Canisius College in [[Nijmegen]] he studied at the [[Radboud University Nijmegen]], where he received a [[Bachelor of Laws]] and [[Master of Laws]] degree in 1960. After graduating, he became a [[journalist]] for the ''[[NRC Handelsblad]]'' and worked as a [[managing editor]] from 1960 until 1967, first as an editor Home Affairs, later as the opinion page's chief editor. |
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==Politics== |
==Politics== |
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{{No sources|section|date=August 2022}} |
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===Party foundation=== |
===Party foundation=== |
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| ⚫ | In 1966 Van Mierlo together with [[Hans Gruijters]] founded the [[Democrats 66]] party after continuing frustrations with ''[[The Establishment]]'' parties. Van Mierlo was selected as [[Leader of the Democrats 66|Leader]] and Chairman of the Democrats 66 on 14 October 1966. For the [[1967 Dutch general election|Dutch general election of 1967]] Van Mierlo was the ''[[lijsttrekker]]'' (top candidate) and won seven seats in the [[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|House of Representatives]], the first time the [[Democrats 66]] won representation in the [[States General of the Netherlands]]. |
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| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | In 1966 Van Mierlo together with [[Hans Gruijters]] founded the [[Democrats 66]] party after continuing frustrations with ''[[The Establishment]]'' parties. Van Mierlo was selected as [[Leader of the Democrats 66|Leader]] and Chairman of the Democrats 66 on 14 October 1966. For the [[Dutch general election |
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Van Mierlo was elected as a member of the [[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|House of Representatives]] and the [[parliamentary leader]] of the [[Democrats 66]] in the House on 23 February 1967. For the [[Dutch general election |
Van Mierlo was elected as a member of the [[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|House of Representatives]] and the [[parliamentary leader]] of the [[Democrats 66]] in the House on 23 February 1967. For the [[1971 Dutch general election|Dutch general elections of 1971]] Van Mierlo again as ''[[lijsttrekker]]'' won eleven seats. For the [[1972 Dutch general election|Dutch general election of 1972]] Van Mierlo for the third time as ''lijsttrekker'' won only six seats but after a long formation period a coalition agreement with the [[Labour Party (Netherlands)|Labour Party]] (PvdA), [[Catholic People's Party]] (KVP), [[Anti-Revolutionary Party]] (ARP) and the [[Political Party of Radicals]] (PPR) was made which formed the [[Den Uyl cabinet|Cabinet Den Uyl]]. |
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[[Hans Gruijters]] became [[Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment (Netherlands)|Minister of Housing and Spatial Planning]]. Because of the disappointing election results Van Mierlo resigned as parliamentary leader of the Democrats 66 in the House of Representatives and Leader of the Democrats 66 on 1 September 1973. Van Mierlo remained a member of the House until after the [[Dutch general election |
[[Hans Gruijters]] became [[Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment (Netherlands)|Minister of Housing and Spatial Planning]]. Because of the disappointing election results Van Mierlo resigned as parliamentary leader of the Democrats 66 in the House of Representatives and Leader of the Democrats 66 on 1 September 1973. Van Mierlo remained a member of the House until after the [[1977 Dutch general election|Dutch general election of 1977]] on 8 June 1977. |
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===Cabinet of Dries van Agt=== |
===Cabinet of Dries van Agt=== |
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After the [[Dutch general election |
After the [[1981 Dutch general election|Dutch general election of 1981]] Van Mierlo was asked by [[Jan Terlouw]] to become [[Ministry of Defence (Netherlands)|Minister of Defence]] in the [[Second Van Agt cabinet]] under [[Prime Minister of the Netherlands|Prime Minister]] [[Dries van Agt]] of the [[Christian Democratic Appeal]] (CDA) and served from 11 September 1981 until 4 November 1982. After the Dutch Senate election of 1983 Van Mierlo was elected as a [[Senate (Netherlands)|Senator]] serving from 13 September 1983 until 4 June 1986. |
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In 1986 Van Mierlo staged a political comeback and was reelected as [[Leader of the Democrats 66]] on 25 January 1986. For the [[Dutch general election |
In 1986 Van Mierlo staged a political comeback and was reelected as [[Leader of the Democrats 66]] on 25 January 1986. For the [[1986 Dutch general election|Dutch general election of 1986]] Van Mierlo back as ''lijsttrekker'' won nine seats. For the [[1989 Dutch general election|Dutch general election of 1989]] Van Mierlo again as ''lijsttrekker'' won twelve seats. For the [[1994 Dutch general election|Dutch general election of 1994]] Van Mierlo for the sixth time as [[Lijsttrekker]] won twenty four seats and the [[Democrats 66]] became major-party in the [[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|House of Representatives]]. |
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===Cabinet of Wim Kok=== |
===Cabinet of Wim Kok=== |
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After an arduous cabinet formation with the [[Labour Party (Netherlands)|Labour Party]] and the [[People's Party for Freedom and Democracy]] (VVD) a deal was struck that resulted in the [[First Kok cabinet]] with Van Mierlo becoming [[Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands|Deputy Prime Minister]] and [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Netherlands)|Minister of Foreign Affairs]] serving from 22 August 1994 until 3 August 1998. |
After an arduous cabinet formation with the [[Labour Party (Netherlands)|Labour Party]] and the [[People's Party for Freedom and Democracy]] (VVD) a deal was struck that resulted in the [[First Kok cabinet]] with Van Mierlo becoming [[Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands|Deputy Prime Minister]] and [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Netherlands)|Minister of Foreign Affairs]] serving from 22 August 1994 until 3 August 1998. |
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The First Kok cabinet was considered groundbreaking in [[Politics of the Netherlands|Dutch politics]] because it was the first [[Cabinet of the Netherlands]] since 1908 without a [[Christian democracy|Christian democratic]] party. On 7 March 1997 Van Mierlo announced his retirement as [[Leader of the Democrats 66]]. Van Mierlo remained [[Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands|Deputy Prime Minister]] and [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Netherlands)|Minister of Foreign Affairs]] until the [[Second Kok cabinet]] was installed on 3 August 1998. For the [[Dutch general election |
The First Kok cabinet was considered groundbreaking in [[Politics of the Netherlands|Dutch politics]] because it was the first [[Cabinet of the Netherlands]] since 1908 without a [[Christian democracy|Christian democratic]] party. On 7 March 1997 Van Mierlo announced his retirement as [[Leader of the Democrats 66]]. Van Mierlo remained [[Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands|Deputy Prime Minister]] and [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Netherlands)|Minister of Foreign Affairs]] until the [[Second Kok cabinet]] was installed on 3 August 1998. For the [[1998 Dutch general election|Dutch general election of 1998]] Van Mierlo was reelected to the [[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|House of Representatives]] on 19 May 1998 but resigned on 18 August 1998. |
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===Convention on the Future of Europe=== |
===Convention on the Future of Europe=== |
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Van Mierlo semi-retired from active politics on his sixty-seventh birthday. He served as the first Dutch representative to the [[Convention on the Future of Europe]] from 1 March 2002 until 26 September 2002. Following the end of his active political career, Van Mierlo occupied numerous seats on supervisory boards on cultural organizations. |
Van Mierlo semi-retired from active politics on his sixty-seventh birthday. He served as the first Dutch representative to the [[Convention on the Future of Europe]] from 1 March 2002 until 26 September 2002. Following the end of his active political career, Van Mierlo occupied numerous seats on supervisory boards on cultural organizations. |
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==Personal== |
==Personal== |
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He was appointed [[Minister of State]] on October |
He was appointed [[Minister of State]] on 24 October 1998, a mainly honorary title for politicians with an extensive history of government service. Hans van Mierlo has been married three times. He has a son from his first marriage and two daughters from the second. Since 1999 Van Mierlo had a relationship with the Dutch writer [[Connie Palmen]]; they got married on 11 November 2009, in [[Amsterdam]].<ref>{{in lang|nl}} [http://www.parool.nl/parool/nl/4/AMSTERDAM/article/detail/267450/2009/11/11/Connie-Palmen-en-Hans-van-Mierlo-getrouwd.dhtml Connie Palmen en Hans van Mierlo getrouwd]</ref> |
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==Death== |
==Death== |
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Hans van Mierlo died on 11 March 2010 at the age of 78;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nrc.nl/international/article2502551.ece/Hans_van_Mierlo%2C_changer_of_Dutch_politics%2C_dies_at_78|title=Hans van Mierlo, changer of Dutch politics, dies at 78|work=nrc.nl}}</ref><ref>{{nl}} [http://www.nrc.nl/binnenland/article2502261.ece/Van_Mierlo_tot_laatst_betrokken_bij_D66 "'Van Mierlo tot laatst betrokken bij D66'"]</ref> he had been living with a [[Liver transplantation|transplanted liver]] since 2000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nrcnext.nl/blog/2010/03/12/hans-van-mierlo-is-overleden/|title=Hans van Mierlo is overleden|work=nrcnext.nl}}</ref> which was required after liver failure as a consequence of a [[hepatitis C]] contamination contracted from a blood transfusion in 1982.<ref>[http://www.destentor.nl/algemeen/binnenland/6386822/Voor-Mr-D66-was-politiek-een-passie.ece Voor Mr D66 was politic een passie] (in Dutch), ''de Stentor''.</ref> |
Hans van Mierlo died on 11 March 2010 at the age of 78;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nrc.nl/international/article2502551.ece/Hans_van_Mierlo%2C_changer_of_Dutch_politics%2C_dies_at_78|title=Hans van Mierlo, changer of Dutch politics, dies at 78|work=nrc.nl|access-date=2010-03-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100314054050/http://www.nrc.nl/international/article2502551.ece/Hans_van_Mierlo%2C_changer_of_Dutch_politics%2C_dies_at_78|archive-date=2010-03-14|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{in lang|nl}} [http://www.nrc.nl/binnenland/article2502261.ece/Van_Mierlo_tot_laatst_betrokken_bij_D66 "'Van Mierlo tot laatst betrokken bij D66'"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100313145216/http://www.nrc.nl/binnenland/article2502261.ece/Van_Mierlo_tot_laatst_betrokken_bij_D66 |date=2010-03-13 }}</ref> he had been living with a [[Liver transplantation|transplanted liver]] since 2000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nrcnext.nl/blog/2010/03/12/hans-van-mierlo-is-overleden/|title=Hans van Mierlo is overleden|work=nrcnext.nl}}</ref> which was required after liver failure as a consequence of a [[hepatitis C]] contamination contracted from a blood transfusion in 1982.<ref>[http://www.destentor.nl/algemeen/binnenland/6386822/Voor-Mr-D66-was-politiek-een-passie.ece Voor Mr D66 was politic een passie] (in Dutch), ''de Stentor''.</ref> |
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==Decorations== |
==Decorations== |
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* {{ |
* {{in lang|nl}} [https://www.parlement.com/id/vg09ll3f8zzn/h_a_f_m_o_hans_van_mierlo Mr. H.A.F.M.O. (Hans) van Mierlo] Parlement & Politiek |
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* {{ |
* {{in lang|nl}} [https://www.eerstekamer.nl/persoon/mr_h_a_f_m_o_van_mierlo_d66 Mr. H.A.F.M.O. van Mierlo (D66)] Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal |
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{{s-ttl|title=[[Democrats 66#Leadership|Chairman of the Democrats 66]]|years=1966–1967}} |
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{{s-ttl|title=[[Parliamentary leader]] of the <br/> [[Democrats 66]] in the <br/> [[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|House of Representatives]]|years=1986–1994}} |
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{{s-ttl|title=[[List of Ministers of Defence of the Netherlands|Minister of Defence]]|years=1981–1982}} |
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{{s-ttl|title=[[Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands|Deputy Prime Minister]]|years=1994–1998|alongside=[[Hans Dijkstal]]}} |
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{{s-ttl|title=[[List of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands|Minister of Foreign Affairs]]|years=1994–1998}} |
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Latest revision as of 15:34, 26 September 2024
 | This article's lead section contains information that is not included elsewhere in the article. (August 2022) |
Hans van Mierlo | |
|---|---|
 Van Mierlo in 1981 | |
| Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands | |
| In office 22 August 1994 – 3 August 1998 Serving with Hans Dijkstal | |
| Prime Minister | Wim Kok |
| Preceded by | Wim Kok |
| Succeeded by | Annemarie Jorritsma Els Borst |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | |
| In office 22 August 1994 – 3 August 1998 | |
| Prime Minister | Wim Kok |
| Preceded by | Pieter Kooijmans |
| Succeeded by | Jozias van Aartsen |
| Senator of the Netherlands | |
| In office 13 September 1983 – 4 June 1986 | |
| Parliamentary group | Democrats 66 |
| Minister of Defence | |
| In office 11 September 1981 – 4 November 1982 | |
| Prime Minister | Dries van Agt |
| Preceded by | Pieter de Geus |
| Succeeded by | Job de Ruiter |
| Leader of the Democrats 66 in the House of Representatives | |
| In office 3 June 1986 – 22 August 1994 | |
| Preceded by | Maarten Engwirda |
| Succeeded by | Gerrit-Jan Wolffensperger |
| In office 23 February 1967 – 1 September 1973 | |
| Preceded by | Office established |
| Succeeded by | Jan Terlouw |
| Member of the House of Representatives | |
| In office 19 May 1998 – 18 August 1998 | |
| In office 3 June 1986 – 22 August 1994 | |
| In office 23 February 1967 – 8 June 1977 | |
| Parliamentary group | Democrats 66 |
| Leader of the Democrats 66 | |
| In office 25 January 1986 – 15 February 1998 | |
| Preceded by | Maarten Engwirda |
| Succeeded by | Els Borst |
| In office 14 October 1966 – 1 September 1973 | |
| Preceded by | Office established |
| Succeeded by | Jan Terlouw |
| Chairman of the Democrats 66 | |
| In office 14 October 1966 – 16 February 1967 | |
| Preceded by | Office established |
| Succeeded by | Gerben Ringnalda |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Henricus Antonius Franciscus Maria Oliva van Mierlo 18 August 1931 Breda, Netherlands |
| Died | 11 March 2010 (aged 78) Amsterdam, Netherlands |
| Cause of death | Hepatitis C |
| Political party | Democrats 66 (from 1966) |
| Spouses | Anna Los
(m. 1961; div. 1963)Olla van Maasdijk
(m. 1964; div. 1984) |
| Domestic partner(s) | Gretta Nieuwenhuizen (1985–1986) Aafke van der Made (1987–1997) Connie Palmen (1999–2009) |
| Children | 2 daughters and 1 son |
| Alma mater | Radboud University Nijmegen (LL.B., LL.M.) |
| Occupation | Politician · Journalist · Editor · Author · Political pundit · Nonprofit director · Television producer |
| Signature |  |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  Netherlands |
| Branch/service | Royal Netherlands Army |
| Years of service | 1952–1954 (Conscription) 1954–1961 (Reserve) |
| Rank |  Sergeant |
| Unit | Regiment van Heutsz |
| Battles/wars | Cold War |
Henricus Antonius Franciscus Maria Oliva "Hans" van Mierlo (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɦɑns fɑ ˈmiːrloː];[a] 18 August 1931 – 11 March 2010) was a Dutch politician and journalist who co-founded Democrats 66 (D66).
Van Mierlo studied Law at the Radboud University Nijmegen obtaining a Master of Laws degree and worked as a journalist and editor for the Algemeen Handelsblad from August 1960 until January 1967. In October 1966 Van Mierlo was one of the co-founders of the Democrats 66 (initially abbreviated D'66) party and became its first lijsttrekker (party leader) for the election of 1967. Van Mierlo was elected as a Member of the House of Representatives and became Parliamentary leader after the election on 23 February 1967. For the elections of 1971 and 1972 Van Mierlo served again as top candidate. On 1 September 1973 Van Mierlo unexpectedly announced he was stepping down as Leader and Parliamentary leader and that he wouldn't stand for the election of 1977 but would continue to serve in the House of Representatives as a frontbencher until the end of the parliamentary term.
Van Mierlo semi-retired from active politics and became active in the public sector as a non-profit director, and worked as a television producer for the VARA from January 1980 until September 1981. After the election of 1981 Van Mierlo was appointed as Minister of Defence in the Cabinet Van Agt II taking office on 11 September 1981. The Cabinet Van Agt II fell just seven months into its term on 12 May 1982 and was replaced by the caretaker Cabinet Van Agt III with Van Mierlo continuing his position and shortly thereafter announced that he wouldn't not stand for the election of 1982. Van Mierlo continued to be active in politics and was elected as a Member of the Senate after the Senate election of 1983 on 13 September 1983 serving as a frontbencher and spokesperson for Foreign Affairs. For the election of 1986 Van Mierlo again served as Lijsttrekker and returned as a Member of the House of Representatives and Parliamentary leader on 3 June 1986. For the elections of 1989 and 1994 Van Mierlo once again served as Lijsttrekker and following a successful cabinet formation with Labour Leader Wim Kok and Liberal Leader Frits Bolkestein formed the Cabinet Kok I with Van Mierlo appointed as Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs taking office on 22 August 1994. In March 1997 Van Mierlo announced that he was stepping down as Leader a second time but that he would stand for the election of 1998. After a cabinet formation Van Mierlo was asked to continue to serve in the new cabinet in a different function but declined and returned to the House of Representatives on 19 May 1998. Shortly after the installation of the Cabinet Kok II Van Mierlo announced his retirement and resigned from the House of Representatives on 18 August 1998.
Van Mierlo retired from active politics at 67 and again became active in the public sector as a non-profit director and served as a diplomat for several economic and diplomatic delegations on behalf of the government, and continued to be active as a advocate and lobbyist for more European integration, republican issues and government reforms. Van Mierlo was known for his abilities as a skillful debater and effective negotiator. Van Mierlo was granted the honorary title of Minister of State on 24 October 1998 and continued to comment on political affairs as a statesman until his death in March 2010 from the complications of a Hepatitis C infection at the age of 78.
Early life
[edit] |
_presenteren_schaduwkabinet,_mr._H._A,_Bestanddeelnr_926-0343.jpg)
Henricus Antonius Franciscus Maria Oliva van Mierlo was born on 18 August 1931 in Breda in the province of North Brabant in a Roman Catholic family as the second child of eight children of Anthonius Alphonsus Marie van Mierlo (born 9 May 1902) and Adriana Maria Francisca van der Schrieck (born 3 April 1905). After receiving his diploma Gymnasium-A at the Canisius College in Nijmegen he studied at the Radboud University Nijmegen, where he received a Bachelor of Laws and Master of Laws degree in 1960. After graduating, he became a journalist for the NRC Handelsblad and worked as a managing editor from 1960 until 1967, first as an editor Home Affairs, later as the opinion page's chief editor.
Politics
[edit] |
Party foundation
[edit]In 1966 Van Mierlo together with Hans Gruijters founded the Democrats 66 party after continuing frustrations with The Establishment parties. Van Mierlo was selected as Leader and Chairman of the Democrats 66 on 14 October 1966. For the Dutch general election of 1967 Van Mierlo was the lijsttrekker (top candidate) and won seven seats in the House of Representatives, the first time the Democrats 66 won representation in the States General of the Netherlands.
Van Mierlo was elected as a member of the House of Representatives and the parliamentary leader of the Democrats 66 in the House on 23 February 1967. For the Dutch general elections of 1971 Van Mierlo again as lijsttrekker won eleven seats. For the Dutch general election of 1972 Van Mierlo for the third time as lijsttrekker won only six seats but after a long formation period a coalition agreement with the Labour Party (PvdA), Catholic People's Party (KVP), Anti-Revolutionary Party (ARP) and the Political Party of Radicals (PPR) was made which formed the Cabinet Den Uyl.
Hans Gruijters became Minister of Housing and Spatial Planning. Because of the disappointing election results Van Mierlo resigned as parliamentary leader of the Democrats 66 in the House of Representatives and Leader of the Democrats 66 on 1 September 1973. Van Mierlo remained a member of the House until after the Dutch general election of 1977 on 8 June 1977.
Cabinet of Dries van Agt
[edit]After the Dutch general election of 1981 Van Mierlo was asked by Jan Terlouw to become Minister of Defence in the Second Van Agt cabinet under Prime Minister Dries van Agt of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) and served from 11 September 1981 until 4 November 1982. After the Dutch Senate election of 1983 Van Mierlo was elected as a Senator serving from 13 September 1983 until 4 June 1986.
In 1986 Van Mierlo staged a political comeback and was reelected as Leader of the Democrats 66 on 25 January 1986. For the Dutch general election of 1986 Van Mierlo back as lijsttrekker won nine seats. For the Dutch general election of 1989 Van Mierlo again as lijsttrekker won twelve seats. For the Dutch general election of 1994 Van Mierlo for the sixth time as Lijsttrekker won twenty four seats and the Democrats 66 became major-party in the House of Representatives.
Cabinet of Wim Kok
[edit]After an arduous cabinet formation with the Labour Party and the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) a deal was struck that resulted in the First Kok cabinet with Van Mierlo becoming Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs serving from 22 August 1994 until 3 August 1998.
The First Kok cabinet was considered groundbreaking in Dutch politics because it was the first Cabinet of the Netherlands since 1908 without a Christian democratic party. On 7 March 1997 Van Mierlo announced his retirement as Leader of the Democrats 66. Van Mierlo remained Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs until the Second Kok cabinet was installed on 3 August 1998. For the Dutch general election of 1998 Van Mierlo was reelected to the House of Representatives on 19 May 1998 but resigned on 18 August 1998.
Convention on the Future of Europe
[edit]Van Mierlo semi-retired from active politics on his sixty-seventh birthday. He served as the first Dutch representative to the Convention on the Future of Europe from 1 March 2002 until 26 September 2002. Following the end of his active political career, Van Mierlo occupied numerous seats on supervisory boards on cultural organizations.
Personal
[edit]He was appointed Minister of State on 24 October 1998, a mainly honorary title for politicians with an extensive history of government service. Hans van Mierlo has been married three times. He has a son from his first marriage and two daughters from the second. Since 1999 Van Mierlo had a relationship with the Dutch writer Connie Palmen; they got married on 11 November 2009, in Amsterdam.[1]
Death
[edit]Hans van Mierlo died on 11 March 2010 at the age of 78;[2][3] he had been living with a transplanted liver since 2000[4] which was required after liver failure as a consequence of a hepatitis C contamination contracted from a blood transfusion in 1982.[5]
Decorations
[edit]| Honours | ||||
| Ribbon bar | Honour | Country | Date | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Commander of the Order of Orange-Nassau | Netherlands | 10 December 1982 | |
|
Commander of the Order of the Netherlands Lion | Netherlands | 30 December 1982 | |
|
Commander of the Legion of Honour | France | 12 February 1999 | |
|
Grand Cross of the Order of Merit | Germany | 30 May 2003 | |
| Honorific Titles | ||||
| Ribbon bar | Honour | Country | Date | Comment |
|
Minister of State | Netherlands | 24 October 1998 | Style of Excellency |
Notes
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ (in Dutch) Connie Palmen en Hans van Mierlo getrouwd
- ^ "Hans van Mierlo, changer of Dutch politics, dies at 78". nrc.nl. Archived from the original on 2010-03-14. Retrieved 2010-03-13.
- ^ (in Dutch) "'Van Mierlo tot laatst betrokken bij D66'" Archived 2010-03-13 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Hans van Mierlo is overleden". nrcnext.nl.
- ^ Voor Mr D66 was politic een passie (in Dutch), de Stentor.
External links
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hans van Mierlo.
- Official
- (in Dutch) Mr. H.A.F.M.O. (Hans) van Mierlo Parlement & Politiek
- (in Dutch) Mr. H.A.F.M.O. van Mierlo (D66) Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal
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