Hans van Mierlo: Difference between revisions

His Excellency
Hans van Mierlo
His Excellency Hans van Mierlo
	Van Mierlo in 1981
Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands
	In office; 22 August 1994 – 3 August 1998 Serving with Hans Dijkstal
Prime Minister	Wim Kok
Preceded by	Wim Kok
Succeeded by	Annemarie Jorritsma ; Els Borst
Minister of Foreign Affairs
	In office; 22 August 1994 – 3 August 1998
Prime Minister	Wim Kok
Preceded by	Pieter Kooijmans
Succeeded by	Jozias van Aartsen
Senator of the Netherlands
	In office; 13 September 1983 – 4 June 1986
Parliamentary group	Democrats 66
Minister of Defence
	In office; 11 September 1981 – 4 November 1982
Prime Minister	Dries van Agt
Preceded by	Pieter de Geus
Succeeded by	Job de Ruiter
Leader of the Democrats 66 in the ; House of Representatives
	In office; 3 June 1986 – 22 August 1994
Preceded by	Maarten Engwirda
Succeeded by	Gerrit-Jan Wolffensperger
	In office; 23 February 1967 – 1 September 1973
Preceded by	Office established
Succeeded by	Jan Terlouw
Member of the House of Representatives
	In office; 19 May 1998 – 18 August 1998
	In office; 3 June 1986 – 22 August 1994
	In office; 23 February 1967 – 8 June 1977
Parliamentary group	Democrats 66
Leader of the Democrats 66
	In office; 25 January 1986 – 15 February 1998
Preceded by	Maarten Engwirda
Succeeded by	Els Borst
	In office; 14 October 1966 – 1 September 1973
Preceded by	Office established
Succeeded by	Jan Terlouw
Chairman of the ; Democrats 66
	In office; 14 October 1966 – 16 February 1967
Preceded by	Office established
Succeeded by	Gerben Ringnalda
Personal details
Born	Henricus Antonius Franciscus Maria Oliva van Mierlo; 18 August 1931; Breda, Netherlands
Died	11 March 2010 (aged 78); Amsterdam, Netherlands
Cause of death	Hepatitis C
Political party	Democrats 66 (from 1966)
Spouses	; Anna Los (m. 1961; div. 1963) ; Olla van Maasdijk (m. 1964; div. 1984) ; Connie Palmen (m. 2009)
Domestic partner(s)	Gretta Nieuwenhuizen ; (1985–1986) ; Aafke van der Made ; (1987–1997) ; Connie Palmen ; (1999–2009)
Children	2 daughters and 1 son
Alma mater	Radboud University Nijmegen ; (LL.B., LL.M.)
Occupation	Politician · Journalist · Editor · Author · Political pundit · Nonprofit director · Television producer
Signature
Military service
Allegiance	Netherlands
Branch/service	Royal Netherlands Army
Years of service	1952–1954 (Conscription) ; 1954–1961 (Reserve)
Rank	Sergeant
Unit	Regiment van Heutsz
Battles/wars	Cold War

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Henricus Antonius Franciscus Maria Oliva "Hans" van Mierlo (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɦɑns fɑ ˈmiːrloː];^[a] 18 August 1931 – 11 March 2010) was a Dutch politician and journalist who co-founded Democrats 66 (D66).

Van Mierlo studied Law at the Radboud University Nijmegen obtaining a Master of Laws degree and worked as a journalist and editor for the Algemeen Handelsblad from August 1960 until January 1967. In October 1966 Van Mierlo was one of the co-founders of the Democrats 66 (initially abbreviated D'66) party and became its first lijsttrekker (party leader) for the election of 1967. Van Mierlo was elected as a Member of the House of Representatives and became Parliamentary leader after the election on 23 February 1967. For the elections of 1971 and 1972 Van Mierlo served again as top candidate. On 1 September 1973 Van Mierlo unexpectedly announced he was stepping down as Leader and Parliamentary leader and that he wouldn't stand for the election of 1977 but would continue to serve in the House of Representatives as a frontbencher until the end of the parliamentary term.

Van Mierlo semi-retired from active politics and became active in the public sector as a non-profit director, and worked as a television producer for the VARA from January 1980 until September 1981. After the election of 1981 Van Mierlo was appointed as Minister of Defence in the Cabinet Van Agt II taking office on 11 September 1981. The Cabinet Van Agt II fell just seven months into its term on 12 May 1982 and was replaced by the caretaker Cabinet Van Agt III with Van Mierlo continuing his position and shortly thereafter announced that he wouldn't not stand for the election of 1982. Van Mierlo continued to be active in politics and was elected as a Member of the Senate after the Senate election of 1983 on 13 September 1983 serving as a frontbencher and spokesperson for Foreign Affairs. For the election of 1986 Van Mierlo again served as Lijsttrekker and returned as a Member of the House of Representatives and Parliamentary leader on 3 June 1986. For the elections of 1989 and 1994 Van Mierlo once again served as Lijsttrekker and following a successful cabinet formation with Labour Leader Wim Kok and Liberal Leader Frits Bolkestein formed the Cabinet Kok I with Van Mierlo appointed as Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs taking office on 22 August 1994. In March 1997 Van Mierlo announced that he was stepping down as Leader a second time but that he would stand for the election of 1998. After a cabinet formation Van Mierlo was asked to continue to serve in the new cabinet in a different function but declined and returned to the House of Representatives on 19 May 1998. Shortly after the installation of the Cabinet Kok II Van Mierlo announced his retirement and resigned from the House of Representatives on 18 August 1998.

Van Mierlo retired from active politics at 67 and again became active in the public sector as a non-profit director and served as a diplomat for several economic and diplomatic delegations on behalf of the government, and continued to be active as a advocate and lobbyist for more European integration, republican issues and government reforms. Van Mierlo was known for his abilities as a skillful debater and effective negotiator. Van Mierlo was granted the honorary title of Minister of State on 24 October 1998 and continued to comment on political affairs as a statesman until his death in March 2010 from the complications of a Hepatitis C infection at the age of 78.

Early life

Henricus Antonius Franciscus Maria Oliva van Mierlo was born on 18 August 1931 in Breda in the province of North Brabant in a Roman Catholic family as the second child of eight children of Anthonius Alphonsus Marie van Mierlo (born 9 May 1902) and Adriana Maria Francisca van der Schrieck (born 3 April 1905). After receiving his diploma Gymnasium-A at the Canisius College in Nijmegen he studied at the Radboud University Nijmegen, where he received a Bachelor of Laws and Master of Laws degree in 1960. After graduating, he became a journalist for the NRC Handelsblad and worked as a managing editor from 1960 until 1967, first as an editor Home Affairs, later as the opinion page's chief editor.

Politics

Party foundation

In 1966 Van Mierlo together with Hans Gruijters founded the Democrats 66 party after continuing frustrations with The Establishment parties. Van Mierlo was selected as Leader and Chairman of the Democrats 66 on 14 October 1966. For the Dutch general election of 1967 Van Mierlo was the lijsttrekker (top candidate) and won seven seats in the House of Representatives, the first time the Democrats 66 won representation in the States General of the Netherlands.

Van Mierlo was elected as a member of the House of Representatives and the parliamentary leader of the Democrats 66 in the House on 23 February 1967. For the Dutch general elections of 1971 Van Mierlo again as lijsttrekker won eleven seats. For the Dutch general election of 1972 Van Mierlo for the third time as lijsttrekker won only six seats but after a long formation period a coalition agreement with the Labour Party (PvdA), Catholic People's Party (KVP), Anti-Revolutionary Party (ARP) and the Political Party of Radicals (PPR) was made which formed the Cabinet Den Uyl.

Hans Gruijters became Minister of Housing and Spatial Planning. Because of the disappointing election results Van Mierlo resigned as parliamentary leader of the Democrats 66 in the House of Representatives and Leader of the Democrats 66 on 1 September 1973. Van Mierlo remained a member of the House until after the Dutch general election of 1977 on 8 June 1977.

Cabinet of Dries van Agt

After the Dutch general election of 1981 Van Mierlo was asked by Jan Terlouw to become Minister of Defence in the Second Van Agt cabinet under Prime Minister Dries van Agt of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) and served from 11 September 1981 until 4 November 1982. After the Dutch Senate election of 1983 Van Mierlo was elected as a Senator serving from 13 September 1983 until 4 June 1986.

In 1986 Van Mierlo staged a political comeback and was reelected as Leader of the Democrats 66 on 25 January 1986. For the Dutch general election of 1986 Van Mierlo back as lijsttrekker won nine seats. For the Dutch general election of 1989 Van Mierlo again as lijsttrekker won twelve seats. For the Dutch general election of 1994 Van Mierlo for the sixth time as Lijsttrekker won twenty four seats and the Democrats 66 became major-party in the House of Representatives.

Cabinet of Wim Kok

After an arduous cabinet formation with the Labour Party and the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) a deal was struck that resulted in the First Kok cabinet with Van Mierlo becoming Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs serving from 22 August 1994 until 3 August 1998.

The First Kok cabinet was considered groundbreaking in Dutch politics because it was the first Cabinet of the Netherlands since 1908 without a Christian democratic party. On 7 March 1997 Van Mierlo announced his retirement as Leader of the Democrats 66. Van Mierlo remained Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs until the Second Kok cabinet was installed on 3 August 1998. For the Dutch general election of 1998 Van Mierlo was reelected to the House of Representatives on 19 May 1998 but resigned on 18 August 1998.

Convention on the Future of Europe

Van Mierlo semi-retired from active politics on his sixty-seventh birthday. He served as the first Dutch representative to the Convention on the Future of Europe from 1 March 2002 until 26 September 2002. Following the end of his active political career, Van Mierlo occupied numerous seats on supervisory boards on cultural organizations.

Personal

He was appointed Minister of State on 24 October 1998, a mainly honorary title for politicians with an extensive history of government service. Hans van Mierlo has been married three times. He has a son from his first marriage and two daughters from the second. Since 1999 Van Mierlo had a relationship with the Dutch writer Connie Palmen; they got married on 11 November 2009, in Amsterdam.^[1]

Death

Hans van Mierlo died on 11 March 2010 at the age of 78;^[2]^[3] he had been living with a transplanted liver since 2000^[4] which was required after liver failure as a consequence of a hepatitis C contamination contracted from a blood transfusion in 1982.^[5]

Decorations

Ribbon bar	Honour	Country	Date	Comment
Honours
	Commander of the Order of Orange-Nassau	Netherlands	10 December 1982
	Commander of the Order of the Netherlands Lion	Netherlands	30 December 1982
	Commander of the Legion of Honour	France	12 February 1999
	Grand Cross of the Order of Merit	Germany	30 May 2003
Honorific Titles
Ribbon bar	Honour	Country	Date	Comment
	Minister of State	Netherlands	24 October 1998	Style of Excellency

Notes

^ Van in isolation: [vɑn].

References

^ (in Dutch) Connie Palmen en Hans van Mierlo getrouwd
^ "Hans van Mierlo, changer of Dutch politics, dies at 78". nrc.nl. Archived from the original on 2010-03-14. Retrieved 2010-03-13.
^ (in Dutch) "'Van Mierlo tot laatst betrokken bij D66'" Archived 2010-03-13 at the Wayback Machine
^ "Hans van Mierlo is overleden". nrcnext.nl.
^ Voor Mr D66 was politic een passie (in Dutch), de Stentor.

External links

Official

(in Dutch) Mr. H.A.F.M.O. (Hans) van Mierlo Parlement & Politiek
(in Dutch) Mr. H.A.F.M.O. van Mierlo (D66) Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal

Party political offices
Preceded by Office established	Chairman of the Democrats 66 1966–1967	Succeeded by Gerben Ringnalda
Preceded by Office established	Leader of the Democrats 66 1967–1973 1986–1994	Succeeded by Jan Terlouw
Preceded by Maarten Engwirda	Leader of the Democrats 66 1967–1973 1986–1994	Succeeded by Els Borst
Preceded by Office established	Lijsttrekker of the Democrats 66 1967 • 1971 • 1972 1986 • 1989 • 1994	Succeeded by Jan Terlouw 1977
Preceded by Jan Terlouw 1982		Succeeded by Els Borst 1998
Preceded by Office established	Parliamentary leader of the Democrats 66 in the House of Representatives 1967–1973 1986–1989	Succeeded by Jan Terlouw
Preceded by Maarten Engwirda		Succeeded by Gerrit-Jan Wolffensperger
Political offices
Preceded by Pieter de Geus	Minister of Defence 1981–1982	Succeeded by Job de Ruiter
Preceded by Wim Kok	Deputy Prime Minister 1994–1998 Served alongside: Hans Dijkstal	Succeeded by Annemarie Jorritsma
Preceded by Wim Kok		Succeeded by Els Borst
Preceded by Pieter Kooijmans	Minister of Foreign Affairs 1994–1998	Succeeded by Jozias van Aartsen

[1] Van in isolation: [vɑn].

[2] (in Dutch) Connie Palmen en Hans van Mierlo getrouwd

[3] "Hans van Mierlo, changer of Dutch politics, dies at 78". nrc.nl. Archived from the original on 2010-03-14. Retrieved 2010-03-13.

[4] (in Dutch) "'Van Mierlo tot laatst betrokken bij D66'" Archived 2010-03-13 at the Wayback Machine

[5] "Hans van Mierlo is overleden". nrcnext.nl.

[6] Voor Mr D66 was politic een passie (in Dutch), de Stentor.

[a]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Dutch politician (1931–2010)}}
-{{Lead too long|date=December 2019}}
+{{Lead extra info|date=August 2022}}
-{{short description|Dutch politician}}
-{{Dutch name|Van Mierlo|Mierlo}}
+{{Family name hatnote|lang=Dutch|Van Mierlo|wrong=Mierlo}}
 {{Infobox officeholder
-|honorific-prefix   = [[Excellency|His Excellency]]
+| honorific-prefix    = [[Excellency|His Excellency]]
-|name               = Hans van Mierlo
+| name                = Hans van Mierlo
-|image              = H.A.F.M.O. van Mierlo, minister van Defensie.jpg
+| image               = H.A.F.M.O. van Mierlo, minister van Defensie.jpg
-|imagesize          = 250px
+| imagesize           = 220px
-|caption            = Hans van Mierlo in 1981
+| caption             = Van Mierlo in 1981
-|office             = [[Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands|Deputy Prime Minister]]
+| office              = [[Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands]]
-|term_start         = 22 August 1994
+| term_start          = 22 August 1994
-|term_end           = 3 August 1998
+| term_end            = 3 August 1998
-|primeminister      = [[Wim Kok]]
+| primeminister       = [[Wim Kok]]
-|alongside          = [[Hans Dijkstal]]
+| alongside           = [[Hans Dijkstal]]
-|predecessor        = [[Wim Kok]]
+| predecessor         = [[Wim Kok]]
-|successor          = [[Annemarie Jorritsma]] <br/> [[Els Borst]]
+| successor           = [[Annemarie Jorritsma]] <br/> [[Els Borst]]
-|office1            = [[List of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands|Minister of Foreign Affairs]]
+| office1             = [[List of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands|Minister of Foreign Affairs]]
-|term_start1        = 22 August 1994
+| term_start1         = 22 August 1994
-|term_end1          = 3 August 1998
+| term_end1           = 3 August 1998
-|primeminister1     = [[Wim Kok]]
+| primeminister1      = [[Wim Kok]]
-|predecessor1       = [[Pieter Kooijmans]]
+| predecessor1        = [[Pieter Kooijmans]]
-|successor1         = [[Jozias van Aartsen]]
+| successor1          = [[Jozias van Aartsen]]
-|office2            = [[Senate (Netherlands)|Member of the Senate]]
+| office2             = [[Senate (Netherlands)|Senator of the Netherlands]]
-|term_start2        = 13 September 1983
+| term_start2         = 13 September 1983
-|term_end2          = 4 June 1986
+| term_end2           = 4 June 1986
-|parliamentarygroup2= [[Democrats 66]]
+| parliamentarygroup2 = [[Democrats 66]]
-|office3           = [[List of Ministers of Defence of the Netherlands|Minister of Defence]]
+| office3             = [[List of Ministers of Defence of the Netherlands|Minister of Defence]]
-|term_start3       = 11 September 1981
+| term_start3         = 11 September 1981
-|term_end3         = 4 November 1982
+| term_end3           = 4 November 1982
-|primeminister3    = [[Dries van Agt]]
+| primeminister3      = [[Dries van Agt]]
-|predecessor3      = [[Pieter de Geus]]
+| predecessor3        = [[Pieter de Geus]]
-|successor3        = [[Job de Ruiter]]
+| successor3          = [[Job de Ruiter]]
-|office4            = [[Parliamentary leader]] in the <br/> [[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|House of Representatives]]
+| office4             = [[Parliamentary leader|Leader]] of the [[Democrats 66]] in the <br/> [[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|House of Representatives]]
-|term_start4        = 3 June 1986
+| term_start4         = 3 June 1986
-|term_end4          = 22 August 1994
+| term_end4           = 22 August 1994
-|predecessor4       = [[Maarten Engwirda]]
+| predecessor4        = [[Maarten Engwirda]]
-|successor4         = [[Gerrit-Jan Wolffensperger]]
+| successor4          = [[Gerrit-Jan Wolffensperger]]
-|term_start5        = 23 February 1967
+| term_start5         = 23 February 1967
-|term_end5          = 1 September 1973
+| term_end5           = 1 September 1973
-|predecessor5       = ''Office established''
+| predecessor5        = ''Office established''
-|successor5         = [[Jan Terlouw]]
+| successor5          = [[Jan Terlouw]]
-|parliamentarygroup5= [[Democrats 66]]
+| parliamentarygroup5 =
-|office6            = [[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|Member of the House of Representatives]]
+| office6             = [[Member of parliament|Member]] of the [[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|House of Representatives]]
-|term_start6        = 19 May 1998
+| term_start6         = 19 May 1998
-|term_end6          = 18 August 1998
+| term_end6           = 18 August 1998
-|term_start7        = 3 June 1986
+| term_start7         = 3 June 1986
-|term_end7          = 22 August 1994
+| term_end7           = 22 August 1994
-|term_start8        = 23 February 1967
+| term_start8         = 23 February 1967
-|term_end8          = 8 June 1977
+| term_end8           = 8 June 1977
-|parliamentarygroup8= [[Democrats 66]]
+| parliamentarygroup8 = [[Democrats 66]]
-|office9            = [[Leader of the Democrats 66]]
+| office9             = [[Leader of the Democrats 66]]
-|term_start9        = 25 January 1986
+| term_start9         = 25 January 1986
-|term_end9          = 15 February 1998
+| term_end9           = 15 February 1998
-|predecessor9       = [[Maarten Engwirda]]
+| predecessor9        = [[Maarten Engwirda]]
-|successor9         = [[Els Borst]]
+| successor9          = [[Els Borst]]
-|term_start10       = 14 October 1966
+| term_start10        = 14 October 1966
-|term_end10         = 1 September 1973
+| term_end10          = 1 September 1973
-|predecessor10      = ''Office established''
+| predecessor10       = ''Office established''
-|successor10        = [[Jan Terlouw]]
+| successor10         = [[Jan Terlouw]]
-|office11           = [[Democrats 66#Leadership|Chairman of the Democrats 66]]
+| office11            = [[Democrats 66|Chairman of the <br/> Democrats 66]]
-|term_start11       = 14 October 1966
+| term_start11        = 14 October 1966
-|term_end11         = 16 February 1967
+| term_end11          = 16 February 1967
-|predecessor11      = ''Office established''
+| predecessor11       = ''Office established''
-|successor11        = Gerben Ringnalda
+| successor11         = [[Gerben Ringnalda]]
-|birthname          = Henricus Antonius Franciscus Maria Oliva van Mierlo
+| birthname           = Henricus Antonius Franciscus Maria Oliva van Mierlo
-|birth_date         = {{Birth date|df=y|1931|08|18}}
+| birth_date          = {{Birth date|df=y|1931|08|18}}
-|birth_place        = [[Breda]], [[Netherlands]]
+| birth_place         = [[Breda]], Netherlands
-|death_date         = {{Death date and age|df=y|2010|03|11|1931|08|18}}
+| death_date          = {{Death date and age|df=y|2010|03|11|1931|08|18}}
-|death_place        = [[Amsterdam]], [[Netherlands]]
+| death_place         = [[Amsterdam]], Netherlands
-|death_cause        = [[Hepatitis]]
+| death_cause         = [[Hepatitis C]]
-|nationality        = [[Netherlands|Dutch]]
+| nationality         = Dutch
-|party              = [[Democrats 66]] <small>(from 1966)</small>
+| party               = [[Democrats 66]] <small>(from 1966)</small>
-|spouse             = {{marriage|Anna Los|5 August 1961|18 July 1963|reason=divorced}} <br/> {{marriage|Olla van Maasdijk|30 December 1964|27 June 1984|reason=divorced}} <br/> {{marriage|[[Connie Palmen]]|11 November 2009|11 March 2011|reason=his death}}
+| spouse              = {{plainlist|
+* {{marriage|Anna Los|5 August 1961|18 July 1963|reason=divorced}}
+* {{marriage|Olla van Maasdijk|30 December 1964|27 June 1984|reason=divorced}}
+* {{marriage|[[Connie Palmen]]|11 November 2009}}
+}}<!--Year omitted when marriage ends w/ death of article subject-->
-|partner            = [[Gretta Duisenberg|Gretta Nieuwenhuizen]] <br/> (1985–1986) <br/> Aafke van der Made <br/> (1987–1997) <br/> Connie Palmen <br/> (1999–2009)
-|children           = 1 son <br/> (first marriage) <br/> 2 daughters <br/> (second marriage)
+| partner             = [[Gretta Duisenberg|Gretta Nieuwenhuizen]] <br/> (1985–1986) <br/> Aafke van der Made <br/> (1987–1997) <br/> Connie Palmen <br/> (1999–2009)
-|residence          =
+| children            = 2 daughters and 1 son
-|alma_mater         = [[Radboud University Nijmegen]] <br/> <small>([[Bachelor of Laws]], [[Master of Laws]])</small>
+| residence           =
+| alma_mater          = [[Radboud University Nijmegen]] <br/> <small>([[Bachelor of Laws|LL.B.]], [[Master of Laws|LL.M.]])</small>
-|occupation         = [[Politician]] · [[Jurist]] · [[Journalist]] · [[Editing|Editor]] · [[Editing|Editor]] · [[Author]] · [[Pundit|Political pundit]] · [[Television producer]] · [[Nonprofit organization|Nonprofit director]] · [[Activism|Activist]]
+| occupation          = [[Politician]] · [[Journalist]] · [[Editing|Editor]] · [[Author]] · [[Pundit|Political pundit]] · [[Nonprofit organization|Nonprofit director]] · [[Television producer]]
-|signature          = Amsterdam Treaty FA the Netherlands.png
+| signature           = Amsterdam Treaty FA the Netherlands.png
-|allegiance         = {{flag|Netherlands}}
+| allegiance          = {{flag|Netherlands}}
-|branch             = [[Royal Netherlands Army]]
+| branch              = [[Royal Netherlands Army]]
-|serviceyears       = 1952–1954 ([[Conscription]]) <br/> 1954–1961 ([[Military reserve force|Reserve]])
+| serviceyears        = 1952–1954 ([[Conscription]]) <br/> 1954–1961 ([[Military reserve force|Reserve]])
-|rank               = [[File:Nl-landmacht-sergeant-wachtmeester.svg|15px]] [[Sergeant]]
+| rank                = [[File:Nl-landmacht-sergeant-wachtmeester.svg|15px]] [[Sergeant]]
-|unit               = [[Regiment van Heutsz]]
+| unit                = [[Regiment van Heutsz]]
-|battles            = [[Cold War]]
+| battles             = [[Cold War]]
-|awards             =
+| awards              =
 }}
-'''Henricus Antonius Franciscus Maria Oliva "Hans" van Mierlo''' ({{IPA-nl|'hans fan 'mirlo}};<ref>''Van'' in isolation: {{IPA-nl|v?n|}}.</ref> 18 August 1931 – 11 March 2010) was a [[Netherlands|Dutch]] politician and co-founder of the [[Democrats 66]] (D66) party and journalist. He was granted the honorary title of [[Minister of State (Netherlands)|Minister of State]] on 24 October 1998.
+'''Henricus Antonius Franciscus Maria Oliva''' "'''Hans'''" '''van Mierlo''' ({{IPA|nl|ˈɦɑns fɑ ˈmiːrloː}};{{efn|''Van'' in isolation: {{IPA|nl|vɑn|}}.}} 18 August 1931 – 11 March 2010) was a Dutch politician and journalist who co-founded [[Democrats 66]] (D66).
-Van Mierlo applied at the [[Radboud University Nijmegen]] in June 1954 [[Major (academic)|majoring]] in [[Law]] and obtaining an [[Bachelor of Laws]] degree in June 1956 before graduating with an [[Master of Laws]] degree in July 1960. Van Mierlo worked as an editor for the ''[[Algemeen Handelsblad]]'' from August 1960 until January 1967. On 14 October 1966 Van Mierlo together with [[Hans Gruijters]] co-founded the [[Democrats 66]] (D'66) party after continuing frustrations with ''[[The Establishment]]'' parties and their dealings with the [[Counterculture of the 1960s]]. Van Mierlo was elected as the first [[Leader of the Democrats 66]] and [[Democrats 66#Leadership|Chairman of the Democrats 66]] and became the ''[[Lijsttrekker]]'' (top candidate) of the Democrats 66 for the [[1967 Dutch general election|election of 1967]]. After the [[1967 Dutch general election|election]] the Democrats 66 entered the House of Representatives with 7 seats. Van Mierlo was elected as a [[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|Member of the House of Representatives]] and became the [[Parliamentary leader]] of the Democrats 66 in the House of Representatives, taking office on 23 February 1967. For the [[1971 Dutch general election|election of 1971]] Van Mierlo served again as ''Lijsttrekker''. The Democrats 66 made a small win, gaining 4 seats and now had 11 seats in the House of Representatives. For the [[1972 Dutch general election|election of 1972]] Van Mierlo served for a third time as ''Lijsttrekker''. The Democrats 66 suffered a big loss, losing 5 seats and now had 6 seats in the House of Representatives. The following [[Dutch cabinet formation|cabinet formation of 1972]] resulted in a coalition agreement between the Democrats 66, the [[Labour Party (Netherlands)|Labour Party]] (PvdA), the [[Catholic People's Party]] (KVP), the [[Anti-Revolutionary Party]] (ARP) and the [[Political Party of Radicals]] (PPR) which formed the [[Den Uyl cabinet|Cabinet Den Uyl]] with Van Mierlo opting to remain in the House of Representatives instead of accepting a cabinet post in the new [[Den Uyl cabinet|cabinet]] and continued to serve in the House of Representatives. On 1 September 1973 Van Mierlo announced he was stepping down as Leader and Parliamentary leader in the House of Representatives in favor of [[Jan Terlouw]] taking responsibility for the defeat in the [[1972 Dutch general election|election]] but continued to serve as a [[frontbencher]]. In February 1977 Van Mierlo announced that he wouldn't stand for the [[1977 Dutch general election|election of 1977]] and continued to serve until the end of the parliamentary term on 8 June 1977.
+Van Mierlo studied [[Law]] at the [[Radboud University Nijmegen]] obtaining a [[Master of Laws]] degree and worked as a journalist and editor for the ''[[Algemeen Handelsblad]]'' from August 1960 until January 1967. In October 1966 Van Mierlo was one of the co-founders of the Democrats 66 (initially abbreviated D'66) party and became its first ''[[lijsttrekker]]'' (party leader) for the [[1967 Dutch general election|election of 1967]]. Van Mierlo was elected as a [[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|Member of the House of Representatives]] and became [[Parliamentary leader]] after the [[1967 Dutch general election|election]] on 23 February 1967. For the [[1971 Dutch general election|elections of 1971]] and [[1972 Dutch general election|1972]] Van Mierlo served again as top candidate. On 1 September 1973 Van Mierlo unexpectedly announced he was stepping down as Leader and Parliamentary leader and that he wouldn't stand for the [[1977 Dutch general election|election of 1977]] but would continue to serve in the House of Representatives as a [[frontbencher]] until the end of the parliamentary term.
-Van Mierlo semi-retired from active politics and became active in the [[public sector]] and worked as a nonprofit director for a [[development aid]] foundation from October 1977 until September 1981 and as a television producer for the ''[[Omroepvereniging VARA|VARA]]'' from January 1980 until September 1981. After the [[1981 Dutch general election|election of 1981]] Van Mierlo was appointed as [[List of Ministers of Defence of the Netherlands|Minister of Defence]] in the [[Second Van Agt cabinet|Cabinet Van Agt II]], taking office on 11 September 1981. The Cabinet Van Agt II fell just seven months into its term on 12 May 1982 and continued to serve in a [[Demissionary cabinet|demissionary]] capacity until it was replaced by the [[Caretaker government|caretaker]] [[Third Van Agt cabinet|Cabinet Van Agt III]] with Van Mierlo continuing as Minister of Defence, taking office on 29 May 1982. In June 1982 Van Mierlo announced that he wouldn't stand for the [[1982 Dutch general election|election of 1982]]. The Cabinet Van Agt III was replaced by the [[First Lubbers cabinet|Cabinet Lubbers I]] following the [[Dutch cabinet formation|cabinet formation of 1982]] on 4 November 1982. Van Mierlo remained in active politics, he was elected as a [[Senate (Netherlands)|Member of the Senate]] after the [[Historic composition of the Senate of the Netherlands|Senate election of 1983]], taking office on 13 September 1983.
+Van Mierlo semi-retired from active politics and became active in the [[public sector]] as a non-profit director, and worked as a television producer for the ''[[Omroepvereniging VARA|VARA]]'' from January 1980 until September 1981. After the [[1981 Dutch general election|election of 1981]] Van Mierlo was appointed as [[List of Ministers of Defence of the Netherlands|Minister of Defence]] in the [[Second Van Agt cabinet|Cabinet Van Agt II]] taking office on 11 September 1981. The Cabinet Van Agt II fell just seven months into its term on 12 May 1982 and was replaced by the [[Caretaker government|caretaker]] [[Third Van Agt cabinet|Cabinet Van Agt III]] with Van Mierlo continuing his position and shortly thereafter announced that he wouldn't not stand for the [[1982 Dutch general election|election of 1982]]. Van Mierlo continued to be active in politics and was elected as a [[Senate (Netherlands)|Member of the Senate]] after the [[Historic composition of the Senate of the Netherlands|Senate election of 1983]] on 13 September 1983 serving as a frontbencher and [[spokesperson]] for [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Netherlands)|Foreign Affairs]]. For the [[1986 Dutch general election|election of 1986]] Van Mierlo again served as ''Lijsttrekker'' and returned as a Member of the House of Representatives and Parliamentary leader on 3 June 1986. For the [[1989 Dutch general election|elections of 1989]] and [[1994 Dutch general election|1994]] Van Mierlo once again served as ''Lijsttrekker'' and following a successful cabinet formation with [[Labour Party (Netherlands)|Labour Leader]] [[Wim Kok]] and [[Leader of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy|Liberal Leader]] [[Frits Bolkestein]] formed the [[First Kok cabinet|Cabinet Kok I]] with Van Mierlo appointed as [[Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands|Deputy Prime Minister]] and [[List of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands|Minister of Foreign Affairs]] taking office on 22 August 1994. In March 1997 Van Mierlo announced that he was stepping down as Leader a second time but that he would stand for the [[1998 Dutch general election|election of 1998]]. After a cabinet formation Van Mierlo was asked to continue to serve in the new [[Second Kok cabinet|cabinet]] in a different function but declined and returned to the House of Representatives on 19 May 1998. Shortly after the installation of the [[Second Kok cabinet|Cabinet Kok II]] Van Mierlo announced his retirement and resigned from the House of Representatives on 18 August 1998.
+Van Mierlo retired from active politics at 67 and again became active in the public sector as a non-profit director and served as a diplomat for several economic and diplomatic delegations on behalf of the government, and continued to be active as a advocate and lobbyist for more [[European integration]], [[Republicanism in the Netherlands|republican]] issues and government reforms. Van Mierlo was known for his abilities as a skillful [[Debate|debater]] and effective [[Negotiation|negotiator]]. Van Mierlo was granted the honorary title of [[Minister of State (Netherlands)|Minister of State]] on 24 October 1998 and continued to comment on political affairs as a statesman until his death in March 2010 from the complications of a [[Hepatitis C]] infection at the age of 78.
-In November 1985 Van Mierlo announced that he would re-seek the [[Leader of the Democrats 66|Democrats 66 leadership]]. Van Mierlo was [[Walkover|unopposed]] in his candidacy and was elected as Leader a second time and became the ''Lijsttrekker'' for the [[1986 Dutch general election|election of 1986]] on 25 January 1986. The Democrats 66 made a small win, gaining 3 seats and now had 9 seats in the House of Representatives. Van Mierlo subsequently returned as a Member of the House of Representatives and as Parliamentary leader, taking office on 3 June 1986. For the [[1989 Dutch general election|election of 1972]] Van Mierlo served for a fifth time as ''Lijsttrekker''. The Democrats 66 made a small win, gaining again 3 seats and now had 12 seats in the House of Representatives. For the [[1994 Dutch general election|election of 1994]] Van Mierlo served for the sixth and last time as ''Lijsttrekker''. The Democrats 66 made a large win, gaining 12 seats and now had 24 seats in the House of Representatives. The Following [[Dutch cabinet formation|cabinet formation of 1994]] resulted in a coalition agreement between the Democrats 66, the Labour Party and the [[People's Party for Freedom and Democracy]] (VVD) which formed the [[First Kok cabinet|Cabinet Kok I]] with Van Mierlo appointed as [[Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands|Deputy Prime Minister]] and [[List of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands|Minister of Foreign Affairs]], taking office on 22 August 1994. In March 1997 Van Mierlo announced that he was stepping down as Leader and that he wouldn't run as ''Lijsttrekker'' for the [[1998 Dutch general election|election of 1998]] but that he would stand for the [[1998 Dutch general election|election of 1998]]. After the [[1998 Dutch general election|election]] Van Mierlo subsequently returned again as a Member of the House of Representatives, taking office on 19 May 1998. Following the [[Dutch cabinet formation|cabinet formation of 1998]] Van Mierlo per his own request asked not to be considered for a cabinet post in the new [[Second Kok cabinet|cabinet]], the Cabinet Kok I was replaced by the [[Second Kok cabinet|Cabinet Kok II]] on 3 August 1998. Shortly after installation of the new [[Second Kok cabinet|cabinet]] Van Mierlo announced his retirement from national politics, he resigned as a Member of the House of Representatives on 18 August 1998.
 ==Early life==
+{{No sources|section|date=August 2022}}
-Henricus Antonius Franciscus Maria Oliva van Mierlo was born on 18 August 1931 in [[Breda]] in the [[Provinces of the Netherlands|province]] of [[North Brabant]] in a [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]] family as the second child of eight children of Anthonius Alphonsus Marie van Mierlo (born 9 May 1902) and Adriana Maria Francisca van der Schrieck (born 3 April 1905). After receiving his diploma Gymnasium-A at the Canisius College in [[Nijmegen]] he studied at the [[Radboud University Nijmegen]], where he received a [[Bachelor of Laws]] and [[Master of Laws]] degree in 1960. After graduating, he became a [[journalist]] for the ''[[NRC Handelsblad]]'' and worked as a [[managing editor]] from 1960 until 1967, first as an editor Home Affairs, later as the opinion page's chief editor.
+[[File:Opening Staten-Generaal, tijdens plechtigheid Minister Luns en mr. Hans van Mier, Bestanddeelnr 920-1030.jpg|thumb|left|220px|Minister of Foreign Affairs [[Joseph Luns]] and Hans van Mierlo at his inauguration in the [[Ridderzaal]] on 23 February 1967.]]
+[[File:Drie progressieve partijen (PvdA, D66, PPR) presenteren schaduwkabinet, mr. H. A, Bestanddeelnr 926-0343.jpg|thumb|left|220px|Hans van Mierlo and [[Labour Party (Netherlands)|Labour Leader]] [[Joop den Uyl]] at a press conference in The Hague on 18 November 1972.]]
+[[File:Hans van Mierlo en Wim Kok, Bestanddeelnr 934-4996.jpg|thumb|left|220px|Hans van Mierlo and [[Labour Party (Netherlands)|Labour Leader]] [[Wim Kok]] during a debate in the House of Representatives on 13 September 1989.]]
+[[File:Els Borst D66 Congres Breda.jpg|thumb|left|220px|Hans van Mierlo, [[Els Borst]] and [[Leader of the Democrats 66|Party Leader]] [[Alexander Pechtold]] during party conference in Breda on 7 November 2009.]]
+Henricus Antonius Franciscus Maria Oliva van Mierlo was born on 18 August 1931 in [[Breda]] in the [[Provinces of the Netherlands|province]] of [[North Brabant]] in a [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]] family as the second child of eight children of Anthonius Alphonsus Marie van Mierlo (born 9 May 1902) and Adriana Maria Francisca van der Schrieck (born 3 April 1905). After receiving his diploma Gymnasium-A at the Canisius College in [[Nijmegen]] he studied at the [[Radboud University Nijmegen]], where he received a [[Bachelor of Laws]] and [[Master of Laws]] degree in 1960. After graduating, he became a [[journalist]] for the ''[[NRC Handelsblad]]'' and worked as a [[managing editor]] from 1960 until 1967, first as an editor Home Affairs, later as the opinion page's chief editor.
-[[File:Opening Staten-Generaal, tijdens plechtigheid Minister Luns en mr. Hans van Mier, Bestanddeelnr 920-1030.jpg|thumb|left|220px|Minister of Foreign Affairs [[Joseph Luns]] and Parliamentary leader Hans van Mierlo during a meeting in the [[Ridderzaal]] on 23 February 1967.]]
-[[File:Hans van Mierlo en Wim Kok, Bestanddeelnr 934-4996.jpg|thumb|left|220px|Parliamentary leader Hans van Mierlo and Parliamentary leader of the Labour Party [[Wim Kok]] during a debate in the House of Representatives on 13 September 1989.]]
-[[File:Els Borst D66 Congres Breda.jpg|thumb|left|220px|Hans van Mierlo, [[Els Borst]] and [[Leader of the Democrats 66]] [[Alexander Pechtold]] during party conference in Breda on 7 November 2009.]]
 ==Politics==
+{{No sources|section|date=August 2022}}
 ===Party foundation===
 In 1966 Van Mierlo together with [[Hans Gruijters]] founded the [[Democrats 66]] party after continuing frustrations with ''[[The Establishment]]'' parties. Van Mierlo was selected as [[Leader of the Democrats 66|Leader]] and Chairman of the Democrats 66 on 14 October 1966. For the [[1967 Dutch general election|Dutch general election of 1967]] Van Mierlo was the ''[[lijsttrekker]]'' (top candidate) and won seven seats in the [[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|House of Representatives]], the first time the [[Democrats 66]] won representation in the [[States General of the Netherlands]].
@@ Line 124: / Line 131: @@
 ==Personal==
-He was appointed [[Minister of State]] on October 24, 1998, a mainly honorary title for politicians with an extensive history of government service. Hans van Mierlo has been married three times. He has a son from his first marriage and two daughters from the second. Since 1999 Van Mierlo had a relationship with the Dutch writer [[Connie Palmen]]; they got married on 11 November 2009, in [[Amsterdam]].<ref>{{in lang|nl}} [http://www.parool.nl/parool/nl/4/AMSTERDAM/article/detail/267450/2009/11/11/Connie-Palmen-en-Hans-van-Mierlo-getrouwd.dhtml Connie Palmen en Hans van Mierlo getrouwd]</ref>
+He was appointed [[Minister of State]] on 24 October 1998, a mainly honorary title for politicians with an extensive history of government service. Hans van Mierlo has been married three times. He has a son from his first marriage and two daughters from the second. Since 1999 Van Mierlo had a relationship with the Dutch writer [[Connie Palmen]]; they got married on 11 November 2009, in [[Amsterdam]].<ref>{{in lang|nl}} [http://www.parool.nl/parool/nl/4/AMSTERDAM/article/detail/267450/2009/11/11/Connie-Palmen-en-Hans-van-Mierlo-getrouwd.dhtml Connie Palmen en Hans van Mierlo getrouwd]</ref>
 ==Death==
@@ Line 136: / Line 143: @@
 ! style="width:80px;"| Ribbon bar !! Honour !! Country !! Date !! Comment
 |-
-| [[File:NLD Order of Orange-Nassau - Commander BAR.png|80px]]
+| [[File:Order of Orange-Nassau ribbon - Commander.svg|80px]]
 | [[Order (distinction)|Commander]] of the [[Order of Orange-Nassau]]
 | Netherlands
@@ Line 172: / Line 179: @@
 |-
 |}
+==Notes==
+{{Notelist}}
 ==References==
@@ Line 194: / Line 204: @@
 {{s-aft|after=[[Els Borst]]}}
 {{s-bef|before=''Office established''}}
-{{s-ttl|title=[[Lijsttrekker]] of the <br/> [[Democrats 66]]|years=[[1967 Dutch general election|1967]] •  [[1971 Dutch general election|1971]] • [[1972 Dutch general election|1972]] <br/> [[1986 Dutch general election|1986]] • [[1989 Dutch general election|1989]] • [[1994 Dutch general election|1994]]|rows=2}}
+{{s-ttl|title=[[Lijsttrekker]] of the <br/> [[Democrats 66]]|years=[[1967 Dutch general election|1967]] • [[1971 Dutch general election|1971]] • [[1972 Dutch general election|1972]] <br/> [[1986 Dutch general election|1986]] • [[1989 Dutch general election|1989]] • [[1994 Dutch general election|1994]]|rows=2}}
 {{s-aft|after=[[Jan Terlouw]] <br/> [[1977 Dutch general election|1977]]}}
 {{s-bef|before=[[Jan Terlouw]] <br/> [[1982 Dutch general election|1982]]}}
@@ Line 222: / Line 232: @@
 {{Third Van Agt cabinet}}
 {{Second Van Agt cabinet}}
+{{Portal bar|Netherlands|Liberalism|Modern history}}
 {{Authority control}}
@@ Line 227: / Line 238: @@
 [[Category:1931 births]]
 [[Category:2010 deaths]]
-[[Category:Advocates of the European Union]]
 [[Category:Chairmen of the Democrats 66]]
 [[Category:Commanders of the Order of Orange-Nassau]]
 [[Category:Commanders of the Order of the Netherlands Lion]]
-[[Category:Commandeurs of the Légion d'honneur]]
+[[Category:Commanders of the Legion of Honour]]
 [[Category:Deaths from hepatitis]]
 [[Category:Democrats 66 politicians]]
-[[Category:Deputy Prime Ministers of the Netherlands]]
+[[Category:Deputy prime ministers of the Netherlands]]
-[[Category:Dutch atheists]]
 [[Category:Dutch expatriates in Belgium]]
 [[Category:Dutch expatriates in England]]
-[[Category:Dutch former Christians]]
 [[Category:Dutch humanists]]
 [[Category:Dutch magazine editors]]
@@ Line 244: / Line 252: @@
 [[Category:Dutch nonprofit directors]]
 [[Category:Dutch nonprofit executives]]
-[[Category:Dutch political activists]]
 [[Category:Dutch political commentators]]
 [[Category:Dutch political journalists]]
@@ Line 251: / Line 258: @@
 [[Category:Dutch political writers]]
 [[Category:Dutch television producers]]
-[[Category:Former Roman Catholics]]
 [[Category:Grand Crosses with Star and Sash of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany]]
-[[Category:Infectious disease deaths in the Netherlands]]
 [[Category:Leaders of the Democrats 66]]
 [[Category:Liver transplant recipients]]
 [[Category:Members of the House of Representatives (Netherlands)]]
 [[Category:Members of the Senate (Netherlands)]]
-[[Category:Ministers of Defence of the Netherlands]]
+[[Category:Ministers of defence of the Netherlands]]
-[[Category:Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands]]
+[[Category:Ministers of foreign affairs of the Netherlands]]
 [[Category:Ministers of State (Netherlands)]]
-[[Category:People from Amsterdam]]
 [[Category:People from Breda]]
 [[Category:Radboud University Nijmegen alumni]]
@@ Line 268: / Line 272: @@
 [[Category:Writers from Amsterdam]]
 [[Category:20th-century Dutch journalists]]
-[[Category:20th-century Dutch jurists]]
 [[Category:20th-century Dutch male writers]]
 [[Category:20th-century Dutch military personnel]]

v t e First Kok cabinet (1994–1998)
Preceded by: Third Lubbers cabinet Succeeded by: Second Kok cabinet
Prime Minister	Wim Kok (General Affairs)
Deputy Prime Ministers	Hans Dijkstal (Interior) Hans van Mierlo (Foreign Affairs)
Ministers	Gerrit Zalm (Finance) (1994–1996) Hans Wijers (Finance) (Ad interim) Gerrit Zalm (Finance) (1996–1998) Winnie Sorgdrager (Justice) Hans Wijers (Economic Affairs) Joris Voorhoeve (Defence) Els Borst (Health, Welfare and Sport) Ad Melkert (Social Affairs and Employment) Jo Ritzen (Education, Culture and Science) Annemarie Jorritsma (Transport and Water Management) Jozias van Aartsen (Agriculture, Nature and Fisheries) Margreeth de Boer (Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment)
Minister without portfolios	Joris Voorhoeve (Netherlands Antilles and Aruba Affairs) Jan Pronk (Development Cooperation)
State Secretaries	Tonny van de Vondervoort (Interior) Jacob Kohnstamm (Interior) Michiel Patijn (Foreign Affairs) Willem Vermeend (Finance) Elizabeth Schmitz (Justice) Anneke van Dok-van Weele (Economic Affairs) Jan Gmelich Meijling (Defence) Erica Terpstra (Health, Welfare and Sport) Robin Linschoten (Social Affairs and Employment) (1994–1996) Frank de Grave (Social Affairs and Employment) (from 1996) Tineke Netelenbos (Education, Culture and Science) Aad Nuis (Education, Culture and Science) Monique de Vries (Transport and Water Management) Dick Tommel (Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment)

v t e Third Van Agt cabinet (1982)
Preceded by: Second Van Agt cabinet Succeeded by: First Lubbers cabinet
Prime Minister	Dries van Agt (General Affairs and Foreign Affairs)
Deputy Prime Minister	Jan Terlouw (Economic Affairs)
Ministers	Max Rood (Interior) Fons van der Stee (Finance) Job de Ruiter (Justice) Hans van Mierlo (Defence) Til Gardeniers-Berendsen (Health and the Environment) Louw de Graaf (Social Affairs and Employment) Wim Deetman (Education and Sciences) Henk Zeevalking (Transport and Water Management) Jan de Koning (Agriculture and Fisheries and Netherlands Antilles Affairs) Erwin Nypels (Housing and Spatial Planning) Hans de Boer (Culture, Recreation and Social Work)
Minister without portfolio	Kees van Dijk (Development Cooperation)
State Secretaries	Gerard van Leijenhorst (Interior) Hans van den Broek (Foreign Affairs) Michiel Scheltema (Justice) Piet van Zeil (Economic Affairs and Social Affairs and Employment) Wim Dik (Economic Affairs) Jan van Houwelingen (Defence) Ineke Lambers-Hacquebard (Health and the Environment) Ad Hermes (Education and Sciences)

v t e Second Van Agt cabinet (1981–1982)
Preceded by: First Van Agt cabinet Succeeded by: Third Van Agt cabinet
Prime Minister	Dries van Agt (General Affairs)
Deputy Prime Ministers	Joop den Uyl (Social Affairs and Employment and Netherlands Antilles Affairs) Jan Terlouw (Economic Affairs)
Ministers	Ed van Thijn (Interior) Max van der Stoel (Foreign Affairs) Fons van der Stee (Finance) Job de Ruiter (Justice) Hans van Mierlo (Defence) Til Gardeniers-Berendsen (Health and the Environment) Jos van Kemenade (Education and Sciences) Henk Zeevalking (Transport and Water Management) Jan de Koning (Agriculture and Fisheries) Marcel van Dam (Housing and Spatial Planning) André van der Louw (Culture, Recreation and Social Work)
Minister without portfolio	Kees van Dijk (Development Cooperation)
State Secretaries	Saskia Stuiveling (Interior) Gerard van Leijenhorst (Interior) Hans van den Broek (Foreign Affairs) Hans Kombrink (Finance) Michiel Scheltema (Justice) Piet van Zeil (Economic Affairs) Wim Dik (Economic Affairs) Bram Stemerdink (Defence) Jan van Houwelingen (Defence) Ineke Lambers-Hacquebard (Health and the Environment) Hedy d'Ancona (Social Affairs and Employment) Ien Dales (Social Affairs and Employment) Ad Hermes (Education and Sciences) Wim Deetman (Education and Sciences) Jaap van der Doef (Transport and Water Management) Siepie de Jong (Housing and Spatial Planning) Hans de Boer (Culture, Recreation and Social Work)

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