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{{Short description|Chinese retired politician}}
{{distinguish|Wang Gang (politician)}}
{{distinguish|Wang Gang (politician)}}

{{Refimprove|date=July 2016}}
{{BLP sources|date=July 2016}}
{{Chinese name|[[Wan (surname)|Wan]]}}

{{Infobox Officeholder
{{family name hatnote|[[Wan (surname)|Wan]]|lang=Chinese}}
| name=Wan Gang
{{Infobox officeholder
| native_name = {{nobold|万钢}}
| image=Wan Gang.jpg
| name = Wan Gang
| native_name = {{nobold|万钢}}
| office = [[Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China|Minister of Science and Technology]]
| image = Wan Gang.jpg
| premier = [[Wen Jiabao]], [[Li Keqiang]]
| office = [[Vice Chairperson of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference|Vice Chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference]]
| term_start=27 April 2007
| term_end=19 March 2018
| term_start = 13 March 2008
| term_end = 10 March 2023
| predecessor=[[Xu Guanhua]]
| 1blankname = Chairman
| successor=[[Wang Zhigang]]
| 1namedata = [[Jia Qinglin]]<br>[[Yu Zhengsheng]]<br>[[Wang Yang (politician)|Wang Yang]]
| office1 = Chairman of [[China Zhi Gong Party]]
| office1 = [[Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China|Minister of Science and Technology]]
| term_start1 = December 2007
| premier1 = [[Wen Jiabao]]<br>[[Li Keqiang]]
| term_end1 =
| term_start1 = 27 April 2007
| predecessor1 = [[Luo Haocai]]
| term_end1 = 19 March 2018
| successor1 =
| predecessor1 = [[Xu Guanhua]]
| birth_date = {{birth year and age|1952|8}}
| successor1 = [[Wang Zhigang]]
| birth_place=[[Shanghai]], China
| office2 = Chairman of the [[China Zhi Gong Party]]
| death_date=
| term_start2 = 21 December 2007
| death_place=
| term_end2 = 14 December 2022
| spouse=
| predecessor2 = [[Luo Haocai]]
| children=
| successor2 = [[Jiang Zuojun]]
| party=[[China Zhi Gong Party]]
| birth_date = {{birth year and age|1952|8}}
| alma_mater = [[Northeast Forestry University]]<br/>[[Tongji University]]<br/>[[Clausthal University of Technology]]
| birth_place = [[Shanghai]], China
| death_date =
| death_place =
| spouse =
| children =
| party = [[China Zhi Gong Party]]
| alma_mater = [[Northeast Forestry University]]<br />[[Tongji University]]<br />[[Clausthal University of Technology]]
}}
}}


'''Wan Gang''' ({{zh|s=万钢|t=萬鋼|p=Wàn Gāng}}, born August 1952) is a Chinese expert on [[automobile]]s, former president of [[Tongji University]] (2002–2007) and the [[Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China|Minister of Science and Technology]]. He is also the Chairman of the [[China Zhi Gong Party]], a legally sanctioned minor political party in China, and, since 2013 also Vice Chairman of the [[Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference]], a mostly symbolic political advisory body.
'''Wan Gang''' ({{zh|s=万钢|p=Wàn Gāng}}, born August 1952) is a Chinese expert on [[automobile]]s and retired politician, who served as the minister of science and technology from 2007 to 2018. The chairman of the [[China Zhi Gong Party]], Wan was one of the few non-[[Chinese Communist Party]] (CCP) ministers in China's [[State Council of the People's Republic of China|State Council]].

A graduate of the [[Northeast Forestry University]], Wan was a visiting scholar to the [[Clausthal University of Technology]] in Germany from 1985 to 1991. He started working for [[Audi]] in 1991, where he contributed to research and development efforts. After proposing for China to focus on new car technologies using clean fuel in 2000, he was invited by the Chinese government to return to China to head the electric automobile projects in the [[863 Program]]. He became the president of [[Tongji University]] in 2002, serving there until 2007.

In 2007, he was appointed the minister of science and technology. He also became the chairman of the China Zhi Gong Party later that year, and was appointed a vice chairman of the [[Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference]] in 2008. As minister, Wan promoted the development of [[Plug-in electric vehicles in China|electric vehicles]], and has been nicknamed the "father of China’s electric car industry". He retired as minister in 2018, and later stepped down as CPPCC vice chairman in 2023.

== Early life and education ==
Wan was born in Shanghai in August 1952. During the [[Down to the Countryside Movement]], Wan was sent to Sandao Commune in Yanji County, [[Jilin|Jilin Province]] from 1969 to 1975. In October 1975, Wan attended the [[Northeast Forestry University]] as a [[Worker-Peasant-Soldier student|worker-peasant-soldier student]]. After graduating in 1978, he stayed at the university to teach in the Physics Teaching and Research Section. In 1979, he did his [[postgraduate]] study on experimental [[mechanics]] in Structural Theories Research Institute of [[Tongji University]] and received his [[master degree]] in 1981.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=14 March 2018 |title=万钢简历 |trans-title=Wang Gang's resume |url=https://www.gov.cn/guoqing/2018-03/14/content_5274253.htm |access-date=27 June 2024 |website=State Council of the People's Republic of China}}</ref>

In the same year, he stayed on campus and taught [[mathematics]] and [[mechanics]]. In 1985, he went to [[Germany]] as a visiting scholar and [[doctorate|doctoral]] candidate of Department of [[Mechanical Engineering]] in [[Clausthal University of Technology]] and received [[Ph.D]] (Dr.-Ing.) with good honor five years later.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |date=27 September 2018 |title=The World’s Leading Electric-Car Visionary Isn’t Elon Musk |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2018-09-26/world-s-electric-car-visionary-isn-t-musk-it-s-china-s-wan-gang |access-date=27 June 2024 |work=[[Bloomberg News]]}}</ref>

== Technical career ==
After his graduation in 1991, Wan received job offers from all the big German automakers, but chose to work in [[Audi]] as it was the smallest and offered the best chance at promotion.<ref name=":2" /> There, he was in charge of computer virtualization of [[automobile]] in the [[R&D]] Department. Soon he originated a distinctive auto-developing system for the company. In 1996, he was promoted to technical manager in production and technology division, and took charge of informational manufacturing technology as well as management. His leadership and contribution in many technological innovations facilitated the production of [[Audi A4]], car of a new generation, thus winning for the company huge economic profits. In 1994 and 1995, he was consecutively invited as guest [[professor]] and [[doctoral supervisor]] at Clausthal University of Technology and of Tongji University. Under his instruction, his German doctoral candidates successfully carried out a researching project on [[fuel cell]] and they filled the blank of this field then and there.

In the year of 2000, Wan made a strategic proposal (''Regarding Development of Automobile New Clean Energy as the Starting Line for Leap- Forward of China’s Automobile Industry'') to the [[State Council of China]] to develop a new type of automobile propelled by new clean fuel, with a view to ushering Chinese [[auto industry]] onto a new stage. He theorized that China would never be able to catch up to foreign manufacturers in traditional vehicles, thus prioritizing new technologies would give the country a more equal-footing, while also curbing its dependency on oil.<ref name=":2" />

His proposal received the attention and support from the [[Ministry of Science and Technology (China)|Ministry of Science and Technology]] and the [[National Development and Reform Commission|State Economic and Trade Commission]]. By the end of 2000, he returned to China upon the invitation of the Ministry of Science and Technology and was appointed as chief scientist and group leader of the [[863 Program]] key electric automobile projects assigned by Ministry of Science and Technology. He also took the responsibility of major supervisor to handle the most demanding part in this project ---- the developing of [[fuel cell]] [[sedan (car)|sedan]], which deals with the most complicated technologies as well as the heaviest working load. This project was nominated as one of the “''Ten Greatest Scientific and Technological Progresses of Chinese Higher Schools in 2005''”.<ref>The High Road; If China steers its auto industry toward hybrids and perhaps hydrogen cars, the world may have no choice but to follow.(Cover Story), Newsweek International | September 06, 2004 | [http://www.accessmylibrary.com/article-1G1-121509709/high-road-if-china.html link]</ref>


In 2002, Wan worked as Assistant President of Tongji University; in 2003, Vice (Acting) President of Tongji; in July 2004, President of Tongji.<ref>[http://www.tongji.edu.cn/english/abouttongji/FormerPresidents.asp Former Presidents]</ref> He was also the founding dean of New Energy Automobile Engineering Center at Tongji.
==Biography==
Wan graduated from [[Northeast Forestry University]]. In 1979, he did his [[postgraduate]] study on experimental [[mechanics]] in Structural Theories Research Institute of [[Tongji University]] and received his [[master degree]] in 1981.


== Political career ==
In the same year, he stayed on campus and taught [[mathematics]] and [[mechanics]]. In 1985, he went to [[Germany]] as a visiting scholar and [[doctorate|doctoral]] candidate of Department of [[Mechanical Engineering]] in [[Clausthal University of Technology]] and received [[Ph.D]] (Dr. Ing.) with good honor five years later.
Wan was a member of the standing committee of the 10th [[Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference]] (CPPCC). He has been chairman of the [[China Zhi Gong Party]] from December 2007 to December 2022, a vice president in the Association for Science and Technology of Shanghai since 2006, and a vice chairman of the CPPCC from 2008 to 2023.<ref name=":1" />


=== Minister of Science and Technology ===
In 1991, Wan began to work in German [[Audi]] Corporation, in charge of computer virtualization of [[automobile]] in the [[R&D]] Department. Soon he originated a distinctive auto-developing system for the company. In 1996, he was promoted to technical manager in production and technology division, and took charge of informational manufacturing technology as well as management. His leadership and contribution in many technological innovations facilitated the production of [[Audi A4]], car of a new generation, thus winning for the company huge economic profits. In 1994 and 1995, he was consecutively invited as guest [[professor]] and [[doctoral supervisor]] at [[Clausthal University of Technology]] and of [[Tongji University]]. Under his instruction, his German doctoral candidates successfully carried out a researching project on [[fuel cell]] and they filled the blank of this field then and there.
Wan was appointed the Minister of Science and Technology on 27 April 2007.<ref>{{Cite news |date=27 April 2007 |title=Non-Communist becomes China minister |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/2007/04/27/Non-Communist-becomes-China-minister/38631177685977/ |access-date=27 June 2024 |work=[[UPI]]}}</ref> He was the first [[cabinet minister]] from a [[List of political parties in China|non-Communist party]] since the late 1970s when China launched its [[Chinese economic reform|economic reform and opening-up]] drive.<ref>{{Cite news |date=27 April 2007 |title=Wan Gang named minister of science and technology |url=https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2007-04/27/content_861991.htm |access-date=27 June 2024 |work=[[China Daily]]}}</ref>


While as minister, Wan promoted the development of [[Plug-in electric vehicles in China|electric vehicles]]. He promoted building a fleet of electric buses before the [[2008 Summer Olympics|2008 Beijing Olympics]], putting a thousand battery electric vehicles in every Chinese city, and implementing subsidies for EV developers.<ref name=":2" /> Due to his efforts at promoting EVs, he has been called the "father of China’s electric car industry".<ref>{{Cite news |date=26 June 2024 |title=‘Father’ of China EV Industry Calls for Investment Talks With EU |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-06-26/father-of-china-s-ev-industry-wan-gang-calls-for-investment-talks-with-eu |access-date=27 June 2024 |work=[[Bloomberg News]]}}</ref>
In the year of 2000, Wan made a strategic proposal (“''Regarding Development of Automobile New Clean Energy as the Starting Line for Leap- Forward of China’s Automobile Industry'' ”) to the [[State Council of China]] to develop a new type of automobile propelled by new clean fuel, with a view to ushering Chinese [[auto industry]] onto a new stage. His proposal received the attention and support from the [[Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China|Ministry of Science and Technology]] and the [[Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China|State Economic and Trade Commission]]. By the end of 2000, he returned China upon the invitation of the [[Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China|Ministry of Science and Technology]] and appointed as chief scientist and group leader of the [[863 Program]] key electric automobile projects assigned by [[Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China|Ministry of Science and Technology]]. Also, he took the responsibility of major supervisor to handle the most demanding part in this project ---- the developing of [[fuel cell]] [[sedan (car)|sedan]], which deals with the most complicated technologies as well as the heaviest working load. This project was nominated as one of the “''Ten Greatest Scientific and Technological Progresses of Chinese Higher Schools in 2005''”.<ref>The High Road; If China steers its auto industry toward hybrids and perhaps hydrogen cars, the world may have no choice but to follow.(Cover Story), Newsweek International | September 06, 2004 | [http://www.accessmylibrary.com/article-1G1-121509709/high-road-if-china.html link]</ref>


In February 2009, Wan and US energy secretary [[Steven Chu]] announced the [[US–China Clean Energy Research Center|US-China Center Clean Energy Research Center]] (CERC) during a visit by Chu to China. visited China.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Lewis |first=Joanna I. |title=Cooperating for the Climate: Learning from International Partnerships in China's Clean Energy Sector |date=2023 |publisher=The [[MIT Press]] |isbn=978-0-262-54482-5 |location=Cambridge, Massachusetts}}</ref>{{Rp|page=|pages=119, 122}} Wan was an advocate for CERC throughout its existence.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|page=119}}
In 2002, Wan worked as Assistant President of [[Tongji University]]; in 2003, Vice (Acting) President of Tongji; in July 2004, President of Tongji. He was also the founding dean of New Energy Automobile Engineering Center at Tongji.


Wan retired as the minister of science and technology in 2018.<ref name=":1" />
Wan is a member of the [[standing committee]] of the 10th [[Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference]]. He has been chairman of the [[China Zhi Gong Party]] since December 2007 and a vice president in the Association for Science and Technology of Shanghai since 2006.


== See also ==
Wan was appointed the [[Minister of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China]] on April 27, 2007.<ref>Non-Communist becomes China minister.
* [[Tiandihui]]
UPI NewsTrack | April 27, 2007 [http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-30910363_ITM link]</ref> He is the first [[cabinet minister]] from a [[List of political parties in the People's Republic of China|non-Communist party]] since the late 1970s when China launched its [[Economic reform in the People's Republic of China|economic reform and opening-up]] drive.<ref>[http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2007-04/27/content_861991.htm China Daily]</ref>


==References==
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


{{Clear}}
{{s-start}}
{{s-start}}
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{{succession box |before = [[Xu Guanhua]] |title = [[Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China|Minister of Science and Technology]] |years = 2007–2018 |after = [[Wang Zhigang]] }}
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[[Category:Government ministers of the People's Republic of China]]
[[Category:Northeast Forestry University alumni]]
[[Category:Tongji University alumni]]
[[Category:Tongji University alumni]]
[[Category:Knight Commanders of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany]]
[[Category:Knights Commander of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany]]
[[Category:Tongji University faculty]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Tongji University]]
[[Category:Audi people]]
[[Category:Audi people]]
[[Category:Vice Chairpersons of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference]]
[[Category:Vice Chairpersons of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference]]
[[Category:China Zhi Gong Party politicians]]
[[Category:Ministers of science and technology of the People's Republic of China]]
[[Category:Clausthal University of Technology alumni]]
[[Category:Members of the Standing Committee of the 10th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference]]

Latest revision as of 09:38, 27 September 2024

Not to be confused with Wang Gang (politician).
In this Chinese name, the family name is Wan.
Wan Gang
万钢
Vice Chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
In office
13 March 2008 – 10 March 2023
ChairmanJia Qinglin
Yu Zhengsheng
Wang Yang
Minister of Science and Technology
In office
27 April 2007 – 19 March 2018
PremierWen Jiabao
Li Keqiang
Preceded byXu Guanhua
Succeeded byWang Zhigang
Chairman of the China Zhi Gong Party
In office
21 December 2007 – 14 December 2022
Preceded byLuo Haocai
Succeeded byJiang Zuojun
Personal details
BornAugust 1952 (age 72)
Shanghai, China
Political partyChina Zhi Gong Party
Alma materNortheast Forestry University
Tongji University
Clausthal University of Technology

Wan Gang (Chinese: 万钢; pinyin: Wàn Gāng, born August 1952) is a Chinese expert on automobiles and retired politician, who served as the minister of science and technology from 2007 to 2018. The chairman of the China Zhi Gong Party, Wan was one of the few non-Chinese Communist Party (CCP) ministers in China's State Council.

A graduate of the Northeast Forestry University, Wan was a visiting scholar to the Clausthal University of Technology in Germany from 1985 to 1991. He started working for Audi in 1991, where he contributed to research and development efforts. After proposing for China to focus on new car technologies using clean fuel in 2000, he was invited by the Chinese government to return to China to head the electric automobile projects in the 863 Program. He became the president of Tongji University in 2002, serving there until 2007.

In 2007, he was appointed the minister of science and technology. He also became the chairman of the China Zhi Gong Party later that year, and was appointed a vice chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference in 2008. As minister, Wan promoted the development of electric vehicles, and has been nicknamed the "father of China’s electric car industry". He retired as minister in 2018, and later stepped down as CPPCC vice chairman in 2023.

Early life and education

[edit]

Wan was born in Shanghai in August 1952. During the Down to the Countryside Movement, Wan was sent to Sandao Commune in Yanji County, Jilin Province from 1969 to 1975. In October 1975, Wan attended the Northeast Forestry University as a worker-peasant-soldier student. After graduating in 1978, he stayed at the university to teach in the Physics Teaching and Research Section. In 1979, he did his postgraduate study on experimental mechanics in Structural Theories Research Institute of Tongji University and received his master degree in 1981.[1]

In the same year, he stayed on campus and taught mathematics and mechanics. In 1985, he went to Germany as a visiting scholar and doctoral candidate of Department of Mechanical Engineering in Clausthal University of Technology and received Ph.D (Dr.-Ing.) with good honor five years later.[2]

Technical career

[edit]

After his graduation in 1991, Wan received job offers from all the big German automakers, but chose to work in Audi as it was the smallest and offered the best chance at promotion.[2] There, he was in charge of computer virtualization of automobile in the R&D Department. Soon he originated a distinctive auto-developing system for the company. In 1996, he was promoted to technical manager in production and technology division, and took charge of informational manufacturing technology as well as management. His leadership and contribution in many technological innovations facilitated the production of Audi A4, car of a new generation, thus winning for the company huge economic profits. In 1994 and 1995, he was consecutively invited as guest professor and doctoral supervisor at Clausthal University of Technology and of Tongji University. Under his instruction, his German doctoral candidates successfully carried out a researching project on fuel cell and they filled the blank of this field then and there.

In the year of 2000, Wan made a strategic proposal (Regarding Development of Automobile New Clean Energy as the Starting Line for Leap- Forward of China’s Automobile Industry) to the State Council of China to develop a new type of automobile propelled by new clean fuel, with a view to ushering Chinese auto industry onto a new stage. He theorized that China would never be able to catch up to foreign manufacturers in traditional vehicles, thus prioritizing new technologies would give the country a more equal-footing, while also curbing its dependency on oil.[2]

His proposal received the attention and support from the Ministry of Science and Technology and the State Economic and Trade Commission. By the end of 2000, he returned to China upon the invitation of the Ministry of Science and Technology and was appointed as chief scientist and group leader of the 863 Program key electric automobile projects assigned by Ministry of Science and Technology. He also took the responsibility of major supervisor to handle the most demanding part in this project ---- the developing of fuel cell sedan, which deals with the most complicated technologies as well as the heaviest working load. This project was nominated as one of the “Ten Greatest Scientific and Technological Progresses of Chinese Higher Schools in 2005”.[3]

In 2002, Wan worked as Assistant President of Tongji University; in 2003, Vice (Acting) President of Tongji; in July 2004, President of Tongji.[4] He was also the founding dean of New Energy Automobile Engineering Center at Tongji.

Political career

[edit]

Wan was a member of the standing committee of the 10th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC). He has been chairman of the China Zhi Gong Party from December 2007 to December 2022, a vice president in the Association for Science and Technology of Shanghai since 2006, and a vice chairman of the CPPCC from 2008 to 2023.[1]

Minister of Science and Technology

[edit]

Wan was appointed the Minister of Science and Technology on 27 April 2007.[5] He was the first cabinet minister from a non-Communist party since the late 1970s when China launched its economic reform and opening-up drive.[6]

While as minister, Wan promoted the development of electric vehicles. He promoted building a fleet of electric buses before the 2008 Beijing Olympics, putting a thousand battery electric vehicles in every Chinese city, and implementing subsidies for EV developers.[2] Due to his efforts at promoting EVs, he has been called the "father of China’s electric car industry".[7]

In February 2009, Wan and US energy secretary Steven Chu announced the US-China Center Clean Energy Research Center (CERC) during a visit by Chu to China. visited China.[8]: 119, 122  Wan was an advocate for CERC throughout its existence.[8]: 119 

Wan retired as the minister of science and technology in 2018.[1]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c "万钢简历" [Wang Gang's resume]. State Council of the People's Republic of China. 14 March 2018. Retrieved 27 June 2024.
  2. ^ a b c d "The World's Leading Electric-Car Visionary Isn't Elon Musk". Bloomberg News. 27 September 2018. Retrieved 27 June 2024.
  3. ^ The High Road; If China steers its auto industry toward hybrids and perhaps hydrogen cars, the world may have no choice but to follow.(Cover Story), Newsweek International | September 06, 2004 | link
  4. ^ Former Presidents
  5. ^ "Non-Communist becomes China minister". UPI. 27 April 2007. Retrieved 27 June 2024.
  6. ^ "Wan Gang named minister of science and technology". China Daily. 27 April 2007. Retrieved 27 June 2024.
  7. ^ "'Father' of China EV Industry Calls for Investment Talks With EU". Bloomberg News. 26 June 2024. Retrieved 27 June 2024.
  8. ^ a b Lewis, Joanna I. (2023). Cooperating for the Climate: Learning from International Partnerships in China's Clean Energy Sector. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-54482-5.
Party political offices
Previous:
Luo Haocai 		Chairman of China Zhi Gong Party
2007–present 		Incumbent
Government offices
Preceded by Minister of Science and Technology
2007–2018 		Succeeded by
Educational offices
Preceded by President of Tongji University
June 2003 – August 2007 		Succeeded by
Pei Gang (裴钢)
Professional and academic associations
Preceded by President of the China Association for Science and Technology
2016–present 		Incumbent
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